Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound最新文献

{"title":"Biliary Peritonitis Secondary to Proximal Duodenal Perforation in a Cat.","authors":"Myounghun Kim, Jupill Chang, Kyuchang Kim, Minsu Lee, Minhye Kang, Jaehwan Kim, Kidong Eom","doi":"10.1111/vru.70195","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 10-year-old spayed female Korean shorthair cat was presented with hematemesis and lethargy. Marked volume of free peritoneal gas was identified on abdominal radiographs. Bile pigment was identified in peritoneal fluid obtained by abdominocentesis, consistent with biliary peritonitis. Ultrasound examination was limited by pneumoperitoneum and severe peritonitis, making it difficult to differentiate gastrointestinal perforation from biliary system rupture. Two defects in the proximal duodenum near the major duodenal papilla (MDP) were identified with a non-anesthetic computed tomography (CT) scan. Exploratory laparotomy confirmed two perforations and revealed severe biliary peritonitis. Despite surgical repair and intensive treatment, the cat died 3 days later. This case highlights the importance of considering duodenal perforation near the MDP as a differential diagnosis when pneumoperitoneum and biliary peritonitis are present.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonographic and CT Features of a Neoplasia-Associated Visceral Arteriovenous Fistula in a Cat.","authors":"Mirko Mattolini, Federica Rossi","doi":"10.1111/vru.70217","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 11-year-old neutered male European Shorthair cat presented with progressive weight loss, polyuria/polydipsia, lethargy, and recurrent hemorrhagic cystitis. Abdominal ultrasound revealed tortuous and dilated vessels with spontaneous echo-contrast within the right renal parenchyma. Pulsed-wave Doppler demonstrated continuous flow with pulsatile components within the abnormal vessels, consistent with an arteriovenous communication. Computed tomography (CT) angiography confirmed marked intrarenal vascular dilation, strong arterial-phase enhancement, aneurysmal dilation of the right dorsal renal vein, and early caudal vena cava enhancement. Postmortem histopathology and immunohistochemistry established a diagnosis of renal hemangiosarcoma. This represents the first reported case of visceral arteriovenous fistula secondary to neoplasia in a cat.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on Inter- and Intra-Observer Variations of the Ultrasound Assessment of Dog Pancreases.","authors":"R B S Turner, S M Firestone, F R Dunshea, C Mansfield","doi":"10.1111/vru.70202","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abdominal ultrasonography (AUS) is considered an important diagnostic tool for assessing pancreatic disease in dogs. However, AUS interpretation is highly subjective and operator-dependent, with no prior studies evaluating observer variability in assessing the canine pancreas. This survey-based, observer agreement study aimed to assess inter- and intra-observer variability in the ultrasonographic evaluation of canine pancreases. Fifteen ultrasound images of dog pancreases were independently reviewed by 104 veterinary radiologists and radiology residents. Twenty-four veterinary radiologists repeated the review approximately 2.5 months later. Assessments included relative echogenicity, echotexture, margination, and clinical interpretation. Agreement was quantified using Krippendorff's alpha (Kα), prevalence-adjusted bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK), Cohen's kappa (κ), and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Average inter-observer agreement was poor (Kα = 0.34), whereas intra-observer agreement was moderate (PABAK = 0.49). Global pancreatic echogenicity and echogenicity relative to mesenteric fat had the highest inter-observer agreement (Kα = 0.58 and 0.53, respectively) as did echotexture assessed by a semi-objective scale (Kα = 0.50). However, veterinary radiologists demonstrated poor inter-observer agreement on the clinical significance (Kα = 0.35) and prioritized cause (Kα = 0.14) of the pancreatic heterogeneity. Observer variables (age, training level, experience, primary practice, and accrediting organization) had minimal effect on inter-observer agreement, apart from experience, where early-career radiologists (<10 years' experience) demonstrated the highest inter-observer agreement among all groups, with moderate agreement for global echogenicity (Kα = 0.71). These findings highlight substantial variability in the ultrasonographic interpretation of the canine pancreas, particularly in clinical decision-making. Standardization of assessment criteria is necessary to improve consistency, clinical validity, and reduce diagnostic uncertainty.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13238423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT-Based Reference Ranges for Canine Pyloric Thickness: Influence of Body Size and Normalization With Aortic Diameter.","authors":"Jihoon Lee, Danbee Kwon, Sungsoo Kim, Ilyong Yoon, Kichang Lee, Hakyoung Yoon","doi":"10.1111/vru.70209","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pyloric wall thickness reflects pyloric pathology. Prior related studies included small samples and did not consistently measure perpendicular to the pyloric axis. This multicenter retrospective study established body-weight (BW)-specific computed tomography (CT) reference ranges for pyloric thickness, measured in both cross-sectional and transverse planes, in clinically normal dogs and evaluated relationships with BW, age, breed, and sex. Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) was used to obtain a true cross-sectional plane, and the transverse plane was used for practicality. CT images of 229 dogs were analyzed to measure pyloric thickness and calculate the pyloric thickness-to-aortic diameter (P/Ao) ratio. Consistent differences were observed between planes. Pyloric thickness showed a positive correlation with BW, with significant differences across BW groups. No significant association was found with age, nor based on neutering status, nor among breeds with similar BW. A minor difference between sexes was observed only in the transverse plane, likely reflecting oblique slicing. In the cross-sectional plane, mean (±standard deviation [SD]) pyloric thickness was 3.61 ± 0.76, 4.21 ± 0.87, 5.10 ± 1.14, and 6.93 ± 1.18 mm for dogs weighing <5, 5-10, 10-20, and ≥20 kg, respectively. In the transverse plane, the corresponding values were 4.03 ± 0.82, 4.80 ± 1.03, 6.02 ± 1.40, and 7.75 ± 1.33 mm. P/Ao ratio was independent of BW, with means (±SD) of 0.74 ± 0.18 and 0.83 ± 0.20 in the cross-sectional and transverse planes, respectively. Therefore, BW-specific reference ranges may be used routinely, whereas the BW-independent P/Ao ratio may facilitate assessment when BW is unavailable.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70209"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13400887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148585370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed Tomographic Features of a Histopathologically Confirmed Nasal Dermoid Sinus in a Dog.","authors":"Marta Montoro-Navarro, Zoe Halfacree, Jonathan Hughes","doi":"10.1111/vru.70197","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 1.5-year-old English Springer Spaniel presented with a firm, non-painful, dorsal nasal swelling of gradual increasing size. Rostral to the swelling, a small round pit at the mucocutaneous junction of the caudodorsal midline nasal planum was noted. Computed tomography (CT) identified a focal, midline to left-sided swelling with a central cavity and a thin, linear, midline tube running in the subcutaneous space to the small pit at the mucocutaneous junction. The swelling was positioned directly dorsal to and protruding into a nasal suture widening. Surgical excision was performed. Histopathology confirmed a nasal dermoid sinus. Surgical excision was curative.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70197"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging Diagnosis: Imaging Diagnosis of Lateral Plantar Digital Vein Thrombosis in a Yearling Thoroughbred.","authors":"Miriam R Garcia-Collao, Jorge L Sanclemente, Diego S Larriva, Gregory D Roberts, Claude A Ragle","doi":"10.1111/vru.70207","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 1-year-old thoroughbred filly was referred to the Washington State Veterinary Teaching Hospital with a 4-month history of left hind limb swelling, from the mid metatarsus to the distal pastern, without lameness. Previous imaging (digital radiographs, ultrasound, and low-field magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) was inconclusive, with a tentative diagnosis of lymphatic drainage impairment. A high-field MRI diagnosed left lateral plantar digital vein thrombosis, with secondary lymphatic dilation and edema. The filly was discharged with rehabilitation instructions and resumed exercise shortly after. No lameness was observed, and swelling significantly decreased over time. This case highlights the benefit of magnetic resonance in diagnosing previously unreported equine vascular conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354857/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging and Histopathological Findings of Phyllodes Tumor of the Prostate in a Cat.","authors":"Jack Ciccotosto, Andrew Adezio, Julia Sumner, Stephen Yeomans, Katharina Flatz","doi":"10.1111/vru.70191","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 12-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair presented for a 3-month history of pollakiuria, stranguria, tenesmus, and dyschezia. Computed tomography (CT) identified an intrapelvic mass. Midline celiotomy revealed a cystic-like mass at the dorsal aspect of the intrapelvic urethra. Debulking and omentalization of the mass were performed. Histopathological examination was consistent with a phyllodes tumor of the prostate, a novel tumor in cats. At the 7-month follow-up, the patient was doing well, with improved pollakiuria and constipation. Unfortunately, local progression and possible pulmonary metastasis were identified on repeat CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70191"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13355092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148164776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracheal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in an Adult Cat.","authors":"Isha V Chauhan, Christopher P Champion, Alyssa M Froese, Mason C Jager, Christopher R Tollefson","doi":"10.1111/vru.70219","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 7-year-old, neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented to a tertiary referral hospital for respiratory distress. Thoracic radiographs revealed severe tracheal stenosis, a cranial mediastinal mass, pleural effusion, and a perihilar bronchial pulmonary pattern. Neoplasia involving the trachea and cranial mediastinum was prioritized. Additional antemortem diagnostics were not pursued. With few reported treatment options, the owners elected euthanasia, and necropsy confirmed tracheal squamous cell carcinoma. Tracheal squamous cell carcinoma is a rare feline neoplasm associated with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pneumonia Detection in Veterinary X-Rays Utilizing PaddleSeg-Based Semantic Segmentation and Mamba-Powered Classification.","authors":"Xiaobao Li, Binbin Li","doi":"10.1111/vru.70170","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pneumonia remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in companion animals, with delayed diagnosis significantly impacting treatment outcomes. Current veterinary radiographic analysis primarily relies on manual interpretation, which suffers from substantial inter-rater variability and limited sensitivity for early-stage pathologies. Accordingly, we introduced AI-driven approaches into pet health monitoring, notably outlining a step-by-step diagnostic pipeline to address those above challenges. Key components of the diagnostic pipeline include six parts as follows: data acquisition, data preprocessing, semantic segmentation, classification, risk estimation, and explainability by Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (GradCAM). Utilizing PaddleSeg for semantic segmentation, we accurately localized and extracted the chest area from pet x-ray images, achieving a mean intersection over union (mIoU) of 0.8999. Following this, classification was conducted via the Mamba framework. The model demonstrated robust performance across both frontal (VD/DV) and lateral projections. For frontal (VD/DV) projections, it achieved an accuracy of 90.35%, with a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.9034 (negative: 90.35%; pneumonia: 90.33%) and an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.9438. Performance on lateral projections was equally robust, yielding an accuracy of 89.8%, a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.8965 (negative: 89.64%; pneumonia: 89.66%), and an AUC of 0.9361. Finally, we proposed a novel risk-aware AI module tailored for pet radiographic disease classification, integrating multidimensional uncertainty and interpretability cues into a unified AI Risk Index (ARI), which represents a significant step toward deploying interpretable, safe AI systems in veterinary medicine and sets a precedent for other safety-critical domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70170"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13366286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonographic and Endoscopic Findings of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma With Duodenal Invasion in a Brown Bear (Ursus arctos).","authors":"Mariana Giendruczak de Souza, Arthur Carlos da Trindade Alves, Bernardo de Paula Miranda, Felipe Kataoka, Bruna Patrícia Siqueira Raimundo, Daniela Oliveira Rocha, Daniel Guimarães Ubiali, Gabriela Castro Lopes Evangelista, Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano","doi":"10.1111/vru.70200","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vru.70200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report describes a 25-year-old, intact male brown bear (Ursus arctos) presenting with weight loss, diarrhea, melena, apathy, and a 12% hematocrit. Ultrasound showed proximal duodenal wall thickening with submucosal cysts and a large, heterogeneous, highly vascularized mass in the descending duodenum, containing small gas pockets and compressing the lumen. The pancreas was visualized at the beginning of the descending duodenum, with normal echogenicity and slightly heterogeneous echotexture, containing a large cyst. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed bleeding and a partially obstructive duodenal mass with abundant fresh blood. A few days later, the animal died from hemorrhage as there were no possibilities for transfusion and consequently surgery. Histopathology revealed well-differentiated exocrine pancreatic adenocarcinoma infiltrating the duodenum. According to the scarce literature found, the ultrasonographic and endoscopic appearance of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in a brown bear has never been described.</p>","PeriodicalId":23581,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound","volume":"67 4","pages":"e70200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148101846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}