Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of Major Mastitis-Causing Pathogens: A Nine-Year Study.","authors":"Amir Moradi, Behnam Bidarian, Fatemeh Mohammadian, Farideh Akbarian, Hamideh Kalateh Rahmani, Niloufar Tashakkori, Babak Khoramian","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70417","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) are among the primary pathogens responsible for mastitis on dairy farms. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) exacerbates this issue, posing a significant global threat, particularly in veterinary medicine, where mastitis leads to substantial economic losses for the dairy industry.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the resistance patterns of these mastitis-causing pathogens in Iran over a nine-year period (2016-2024).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 5275 milk samples were collected from farms of varying size (small, medium and large). Of these, 960 samples (18.19%) underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tylosin resistance was the most prevalent among all pathogen isolates, with resistance rates of 46.09% in S. aureus, 61.24% in S. agalactiae, and 91.63% in E. coli. Among the tested pathogens, E. coli exhibited the highest multidrug resistance (MDR) rate at 45.86%, followed by S. aureus (30.4%) and S. agalactiae (22.05%). For S. aureus, resistance to gentamicin increased significantly over time, whereas resistance to cloxacillin showed a marked decline. In E. coli, resistance to penicillin and amoxicillin demonstrated significant upward trends. For S. agalactiae, enrofloxacin resistance declined significantly, while resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole increased notably. Farm size was a significant predictor of MDR status, with larger farms associated with lower odds of MDR. Additionally, clinical status was linked to higher MDR odds. Seasonal variations also influenced MDR, with certain seasons showing reduced odds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlighted key factors contributing to MDR in mastitis pathogens. The findings emphasised the complex nature of antimicrobial resistance and the necessity for tailored strategies-such as improved farm management, seasonal interventions, and targeted antimicrobial use-to effectively mitigate resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Towards Foot and Mouth Disease Among Farmers and Veterinary Practitioners in Selected Border Regions of Pakistan Adjoining to Afghanistan.","authors":"Abdul Kabir, Asghar Ali Kamboh, Muhammad Abubakar, Kanwar Kumar, Abdulkareem Mohammed Matar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70215","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to look into the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of farmers, animal wholesalers and veterinary practitioners on foot and mouth disease (FMD) in the border area of Pakistan adjoining Afghanistan. Nearly half (41%) of the farmers understood the name of the disease or were aware of its incidence in their neighbourhood. The majority of farmers were able to identify the clinical signs (77.9% salivation, 74% tongue ulcers, 73.4% gum lesions, 71% hoof lesions) of FMD in their livestock. Over half of the farmers (54%) preferred not to purchase cattle from unidentified or potentially contaminated sources to stop the spread of FMD. The majority of farmers (61%) claimed that the 'introduction of new animals' was the main reason the illness appeared on their farms. The extent of the animal wholesalers' clinical knowledge was restricted to identifying salivation and lesions in the mouth and on the feet as signs of the disease. Eighty-three percent of local veterinarians reported the prevalence of FMD to the provincial, regional and central veterinary authorities. More than half of them (71%) kept records of the animal diseases seen and/or treatment plans implemented. In the border region between Pakistan with Afghanistan, there is no ongoing formal FMD immunization programme. According to the majority of veterinary practitioners (63%), the main obstacles to FMD control in the area were thought to be poor import restrictions and no quarantine of livestock. Farmers and wholesalers need to have their knowledge gaps filled to reduce the burden of illness in the border region.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of a Locally Formulated Subclinical Mastitis Test Reagent Against the California Mastitis Test (CMT) in Dairy Cows in Ethiopia.","authors":"Sisay Weldegebriel Zeweld, Enquebaher Kassaye Tarekegn","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70499","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subclinical mastitis (SCM) remains a major productivity-limiting disease in dairy cattle, particularly in low-resource settings where diagnostic access is limited. The California mastitis test (CMT) is widely used for on-farm SCM detection but is increasingly inaccessible in Ethiopia due to high costs and supply constraints. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a newly formulated, low-cost Ethiopian mastitis test (EMT) reagent as an alternative to CMT under field conditions. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2024 to February 2025 in Mekelle, Ethiopia, involving 112 lactating dairy cows across diverse farm settings. Milk samples were tested using both EMT and CMT reagents, and somatic cell count (SCC) served as the reference standard. Diagnostic agreement was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, Kappa statistics and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. EMT demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.14%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 85.42%. The Kappa value (κ = 0.87) indicated strong agreement with CMT. ROC analysis confirmed high diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.908), although slightly lower than CMT (AUC = 1.0). EMT also showed strong associations with established SCM risk factors, such as cow age, breed, hygiene, nutrition and housing. These findings validate EMT as a reliable, field-adaptable and economically feasible diagnostic tool for SCM. Its adoption could enhance udder health surveillance, reduce reliance on imports and promote sustainable dairy production in Ethiopia. National scale-up and broader ecological validation are recommended to support policy integration and widespread implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Prevalence of Enterotoxin and Antibiotic Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated From Meat and Edible Viscera of Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Mousavi Bideli Seyedeh Mozhgan, Rahimi Ebrahim, Seyed Majid Hashemi, Zia Jahromi Noosha","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70413","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The responsible for staph infection is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which has a long and difficult treatment process due to resistance to this type of antibiotic. This study is designed to investigate the distribution and frequency of antibiotic-resistant genes and MRSA enterotoxins isolated from the meat and edible viscera of broiler chickens, which are responsible for pathogenicity in humans.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 523 meat and edible viscera of broiler chicken collected from farms in Shahrekord, Iran. The antibiogram test of 142 MRSA isolates was performed by Kirby-Bauer diffusion disc. Sensitivity or resistance of MRSA was tested on 13 different antibiotics. DNA extracted from MRSA was screened by PCR technique for the presence of antibiotic-resistant and enterotoxin genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolated with frequency of 51.05% (267 of 523). The presence of mecA gene in S. aureus was examined to detect the MRSA. The most antibiotic-resistance responsible genes and the pathogenic enterotoxin genes were identified. MRSA was identified by positive amplification of mecA in 53.18% (142 of 267) of S. aureus isolates. S. aureus antimicrobial resistance was most frequently noted against tetracycline (94.37%), ampicillin (88.73%) and penicillin (71.83%). Out of 51 examined isolates, 47 isolates exhibited the sea (92.15%), and 7 isolates exhibited the sej (13.72%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicated high prevalence of MRSA in broilers, which is very worrying issue. In addition, in the present study, it was observed that due to the increase in the use of antibiotics in poultry farming, bacteria resistant to methicillin and other antibiotics have a high prevalence. Now, with the knowledge that the consumption of broiler chicken is very high all over the world and with the increasing trend of antibiotic consumption, this issue has become a concern at the global health level. The presence of antibiotic-resistance and enterotoxigenic genes in MRSA bacteria is a critical threat to human nutrition, making consuming contaminated meat and edible viscera of broiler chickens unsafe.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hydrogel Scaffold Incorporating Fennel Seed Extract Induces Osteogenic Differentiation in Mesenchymal Stem Cells.","authors":"Kosar Heidari, Tayebeh Mohammadi, Leila Soltani, Mehrdad PooyanMehr","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70460","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70460","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tissue engineering utilizing hydrogels and scaffolds composed of organic and synthetic materials has emerged as a promising approach for bone repair. Chitosan, a biocompatible natural polymer, supports bone healing and possesses antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), known for its traditional use in treating osteoporosis in females, exhibits phytoestrogenic properties.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) cultured within chitosan hydrogels incorporating fennel seed extract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) were employed to characterize the chitosan films containing fennel extract. MSCs were isolated from ovine foetal bone marrow and subjected to various concentrations of fennel hydroalcoholic extract and hydrogels containing these extracts. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Following osteoblast differentiation, gene expression of osteogenic markers (ALP, Runx2 and COL1A1) was evaluated using real-time PCR, alongside assessments of calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase activity and ALP expression. Alizarin red staining was performed to quantify mineralized matrix deposition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MTT assay revealed that the 0.5% extract treatment group significantly enhanced MSC proliferation. Notably, MSCs cultured on the chitosan film containing 1% fennel extract demonstrated increased numbers of hydroxyapatite deposits, elevated ALP activity and calcium content and upregulated expression of osteogenic genes (ALP, Runx2 and COL1A1). Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining confirmed the non-toxicity of the extract in all treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that chitosan hydrogels incorporating fennel seed extract can effectively induce osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, highlighting their potential as a promising strategy for bone tissue regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70460"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244263/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and Characterization of Colistin Heteroresistance in an Enterobacter cloacae ST48 Strain Isolated From Raw Milk in Algeria.","authors":"Sedrati Tahar, Touati Abdelaziz, Tennah Safia, Menoueri M Nabil, Seydina M Diene","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70501","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An Enterobacter cloacae ST48 isolate exhibiting a colistin-heteroresistant phenotype was obtained from raw cow milk in Algeria. Two subpopulations were detected, both carrying the bla_TEM-1 gene. While one subpopulation (E. cloacae TS34-a) was highly susceptible to colistin (MIC 0.06 µg/mL), the other (E. cloacae TS34-b) was resistant (MIC 8 µg/mL). Population analysis profiling (PAP) confirmed heteroresistance. PCR amplification revealed the absence of mcr genes in both subpopulations. However, multiple non-synonymous mutations, including a stop-codon mutation in phoP gene, were found in the resistant subpopulation. This is the first report of colistin-heteroresistant E. cloacae isolated from raw milk, underscoring the importance of vigilance in the dairy industry and food safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70501"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vitro Ruminal Metagenomic Profiles and Ruminal Fermentation Variables of Aromatic Plant Pulps.","authors":"Kanber Kara, Sena Yilmaz Öztaş, Erol Baytok","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70447","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aromatic plant residues remaining after aromatic oil extraction represent a promising alternative feed source due to their rich bioactive compound content and fibrous structure. However, their fermentative behaviour and microbial degradability in the rumen require evaluation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the nutrient composition, in vitro ruminal gas production, digestibility characteristics and fermentation end-products of aromatic plant pulps (sage, thyme, lavender and yarrow) obtained via hydrodistillation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Dried pulps were analysed for nutrient contents and subjected to in vitro ruminal fermentation for 24 h. Gas production estimated metabolizable energy (ME), net energy for lactation (NEL), organic matter digestibility (OMd), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) profiles were evaluated. Microbial community composition was assessed via 16S rRNA-based metagenomics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Yarrow pulp had the highest gas production, ME, NEL, OMd and SCFA concentrations (AA, BA, IVA, T-SCFA) (p < 0.05). Thyme pulp exhibited the highest NH₃-N levels (75.14 mg/L), suggesting high rumen-degradable protein content. Sage pulp had the lowest NH₃-N levels (60.93 mg/L). Microbial composition shifted with fibre content; higher lignin (in lavender) was associated with lower Bacteroidota and higher Firmicutes abundance. Methanogenic archaea (Methanobrevibacter) were least abundant in thyme pulp (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Due to their fermentability and favourable microbial responses, aromatic plant pulps, particularly yarrow, show promise as functional ruminant feed ingredients. These byproducts may enhance ruminal fibre utilization while modulating microbial ecology and reducing methane-associated archaea.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198471/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of DNA Damage and Apoptosis in Bovine Ocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma.","authors":"Muhammet Bahaeddin Dörtbudak, Kerem Yener","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70448","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ocular squamous cell carcinoma represents the most prevalent form of cancer in cattle and exerts a deleterious effect on animal welfare and breeders. This study sought to elucidate the relationship between DNA damage and apoptosis with the aim of advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis of the disease. Nine bovine tissue samples with suspected ocular squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically. The taken tissue samples, in histopathological examinations by haematoxylin-eosin (HE), staining revealed the presence of neoplastic cells exhibiting various grades of differentiation. It observed the presence of polygonal or ovoid-shaped cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and vesicular cytoplasm, as well as mitotic figures and bizarre giant cells. Islets and caudal extensions of the tumour cells were observed to contain keratin deposits. Immunohistochemical staining of OSCC tissues was performed using γ-H2AX for DNA double-strand breaks, 8-OHdG for DNA oxidation and CASP-3 biomarkers for nuclear apoptosis. The immunohistochemical examination demonstrated that the expression of 𝛾-H2AX and 8-OHdG was markedly elevated, while CASP-3 expression was relatively diminished in aggressive tumours. In contrast, the opposite was observed in low-grade tumours. This study is the first to report DNA double-stranded breaks in eye cancers, and it has also shown that DNA helix breaks and guanine oxidation are effective in cancer pathogenesis. It has also been determined that apoptotic defence reactions due to DNA damage are reduced. In light of these findings, we made a significant contribution to the development of BOSCC carcinogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12199710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144498124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Level of Thiol-Oxidised Plasma Albumin Is Elevated Following a Race in Australian Thoroughbred Horses.","authors":"Christopher James, Erin M Lloyd, Peter G Arthur","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70487","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The extent to which muscle strain or tears are affecting race performance in horses is unknown because it is difficult to objectively identify muscle damage. One approach includes the use of physiological markers in blood. Recently, we linked the level of plasma thiol-oxidised albumin, an oxidative stress biomarker, to muscle damage in humans.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This aim of this work was to investigate whether the level of plasma thiol-oxidised albumin was elevated in the days following a thoroughbred horse race.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>'In vivo' experiments.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Blood collection was performed by each trainer at their respective stable. Dried blood samples were collected for the level of thiol-oxidised albumin before and each day for 7 days post-race. Liquid blood samples were collected for analysis of the muscle enzymes creatine kinase (CK) and aspartate amino transferase (AST) before and on Day 2 and 5 post-race and were analysed by external pathology centre.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The level of thiol-oxidised albumin peaked at 2 days post-race, increasing by 3.9 ± 0.7% (p < 0.0001) and returned to pre-race levels by Day 5. Thiol-oxidised albumin also correlated with the activity of AST (R² = 0.2, p = 0.01). The time of recovery for thiol-oxidised albumin varied between individual horses, some recovered at Day 3 post-race whereas others extended beyond 7 days post-race.</p><p><strong>Main limitations: </strong>No histological or imaging diagnosis was conducted to confirm that horses with elevated levels of thiol-oxidised albumin also had definitive evidence of muscle damage. The activity of CK and AST was not measured daily, as was the case for the level of thiol-oxidised albumin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The level of thiol-oxidised albumin has the potential to be useful in managing recovery and return to training or competition in horse following a bout of damaging exercise, particularly given the ease of collecting small serial small blood samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12249229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Potential of Microdosing 1cp-LSD for the Treatment of Canine Anxiety: A One-Month Case Study.","authors":"Elisa Hernández-Álvarez, Lucas F Borkel, Jaime Rojas-Hernández, Domingo J Quintana-Hernández, Ignacio García-Serrano, Tobías Fernández-Borkel, Manuel Zumbado, Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70486","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This pilot study explored the potential of microdosing 1-cyclopropionyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1cp-LSD) to treat canine anxiety. A single-case study was conducted on a 13-year-old female dog with severe separation anxiety, who was treated with 5 µg of 1cp-LSD every 3 days for a month. Anxiety was assessed before, after, and 1 month following treatment using a validated questionnaire. The owner's attachment style was assessed using a validated scale. The dog's anxiety score significantly decreased from 29 (severe) to 14 (moderate) after treatment. A reduction in anxiety levels was observed, characterized by decreased destructive behaviour and shorter durations of vocalization. This improvement was sustained 1 month following treatment, although vocalization frequency increased. These findings suggest potential therapeutic efficacy of microdosing 1cp-LSD in managing canine anxiety; however, the absence of a control group makes it difficult to determine whether the observed effects are due to 1cp-LSD, owner bias, or natural variability in the dog's behaviour. Additional studies with blinded protocols and larger sample sizes are necessary to validate these findings and further explore the impact of owner attachment on canine anxiety.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70486"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}