Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Seroepidemiology of porcine toxoplasmosis: A cross-sectional study in Bosnia and Herzegovina.","authors":"Abdullah Muftić, Jasmin Omeragić, Nihad Fejzić, Behija Dukić, Sabina Šerić-Haračić","doi":"10.1002/vms3.1578","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.1578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxoplasmosis, caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is often linked with reproductive disorders in humans and animals. Despite this, its presence in animals in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H) remains undocumented.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among domestic pigs in FB&H, assess associated risk factors for parasite transmission and provide insights into optimal management and biosafety practices for the pig industry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-phase random sampling approach was employed to select 87 pig farms across 10 administrative regions in FB&H. A total of 437 pigs were sampled and tested for anti-T. gondii antibodies using an indirect ELISA kit. Epidemiological data on potential risk factors were collected through a standardised questionnaire and analysed using logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The animal-level seroprevalence was found to be 13.3% (95% CI = 10.4-16.8), with 44.8% of farms testing positive for T. gondii (95% CI: 34.8-55.3). Identified risk factors included exposure to cats, repeated occurrences of abortions within a single breeding season, swill feeding, type of housing, and type of operation. The robust association observed between recurrent abortions and Toxoplasma seropositivity indicates a significantly greater potential involvement of T. gondii in reproductive disorders among pigs in FB&H than previously acknowledged.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides the first report on T. gondii infection in animals in FB&H, highlighting the need for further research to explore its presence in other meat animals and meat products consumed in the region. The findings underscore the importance of biosafety measures in mitigating T. gondii transmission and call for enhanced surveillance and management strategies in FB&H's pig industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) for the Utilization of Deep-Water Pink Shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) Processing Waste: Comprehensive Characterization of Carotenoid Astaxanthin Rich Extract.","authors":"Çiğdem Dikel, Yasemen Yanar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70498","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, astaxanthin extract was obtained from deep-water pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) shell wastes by ultrasound-assisted extraction method using six different organic solvents, characterized and compared with commercial astaxanthin standard. Astaxanthin extractions were performed under different time conditions (2 and 4 h) using selected apolar/polar solvents (petroleum ether, hexane, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, acetone). All extracts were quantitatively tested by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results show that solvents with higher polarity are more suitable for astaxanthin extraction, and the effect of time on extraction yield varies with the type of solvent. The highest astaxanthin concentration was obtained after 2 h of extraction using methanol (310 ±2.00 µg/g) and the lowest value after 4 h of extraction using petroleum ether (104 ± 30.00 µg/g) (p < 0.05).The UV-Vis spectra of astaxanthin extract showed maximum absorbance in the visible region in the range of 480-520 nm, which is the characteristic absorbance of astaxanthin. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) spectrometry was used to confirm the fingerprint region of astaxanthin extract with C = O stretching vibration, methyl group (aliphatic) (-CH), ketone group (-C = O) (6-membered ring), alkenes (C-C, C = C) and C-CH₃ stretching bonds. In the Raman spectrum, all characteristic values reflect the molecular vibrations of the conjugated polyene chain and its bonded groups, providing a distinct spectral fingerprint for the astaxanthin extract.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12249226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Metastases From Solid Cancers in 58 Dogs.","authors":"Samuel Okonji, Federica Rossi, Silvia Sabattini, Massimo Baroni, Federica Poli, Riccardo Zaccone, Simone Perfetti, Gualtiero Gandini, Laura Marconato","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70441","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain metastases (BM) represent an unmet medical need in human medicine, and they are poorly documented in dogs. The aim of this multi-centre retrospective study was to report the clinical characteristics, primary solid cancer histology, advanced imaging findings, treatment modalities and potential prognostic factors in dogs with presumed BM that occurred either at the time of initial diagnosis or during follow-up. BM diagnosis was established through either imaging studies or histologic examination of specimens obtained during necropsy. A total of 58 client-owned dogs with histologically proven solid cancer and BM were included. Clinicopathologic variables, BM characteristics based on imaging and survival post-BM (SPBM) were recorded. Haemangiosarcoma (53.4%) and carcinoma (27.6%) were the most common primary tumour histotypes, followed by melanoma (12.1%) and undifferentiated sarcoma (6.9%). Synchronous BM and solitary BM occurred in 63.8% and 51.7% of dogs, respectively. The prosencephalus was most commonly affected, with 79% of dogs showing neurologic deficits. Antitumoural or palliative treatment was attempted in a minority of dogs, with no improved outcome. The median SPBM was 3 days (range, 1-255). The 3- and 6-month survival rates were 8.6% and 1.7%, respectively. Dogs with haemangiosarcoma (OR: 7.6; 95% CI, 2.2-25.8; p = 0.001) and those with distant metastases at presentation (OR: 16; 95% CI, 4.2-60.9; p < 0.001) had an increased likelihood of developing synchronous BM. Haemangiosarcoma and carcinoma were the tumours most frequently associated with BM, which were more commonly synchronous and symptomatic, with a high incidence of forebrain localization. The prognosis was poor, regardless of the primary cancer type.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient Extreme Axis Deviation in a Dog With Diabetic Ketoacidosis.","authors":"Youngjae Yoo, Dohee Lee, Yeon Chae, Taesik Yun, Byeong-Teck Kang, Hakhyun Kim","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70477","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 7-year-old intact female mixed-breed dog weighing 15 kg with a 4-week history of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss was presented for severe anorexia and lethargy. Physical examination revealed severe dehydration, with a heart rate of 120 beats/min, respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min, and rectal temperature of 37.5°C. Clinical assessment and laboratory tests confirmed diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) characterised by severe hyperglycaemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis with an increased anion gap. Electrocardiogram (ECG) findings were significant, showing regular sinus rhythm, negative QRS complexes in multiple leads, and an unusually shifted mean electrical axis at -101°, indicative of extreme axis deviation (EAD). This rare finding highlights the need to evaluate EAD as a potential complication in dogs with DKA, particularly among those presenting with severe metabolic disturbance. Serum cardiac troponin I levels were elevated (0.5 ng/mL; reference interval: 0.03-0.07 ng/mL). Emergency echocardiography revealed no abnormalities. Intravenous fluid therapy and a precisely calibrated continuous rate infusion of insulin were initiated, with treatment dynamically adjusted based on continuous blood glucose monitoring and the dog's response. After the resolution of DKA, the ECG returned to a normal cardiac axis and T wave amplitudes, indicating the reversibility of the myocardial and ECG abnormalities. The serum cardiac troponin I level also normalised, confirming the resolution of myocardial injury. This case report describes the first documented instance of EAD associated with DKA in a dog, as well as its potential reversibility, thereby emphasising the necessity for assessing this rare electrocardiographic abnormality in dogs with life-threatening DKA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Reliability and Accuracy of Senior Veterinary Students in Detecting and Scoring Lameness in Dairy Cows.","authors":"Yalcin Alper Ozturan, Ibrahim Akin","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70496","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lameness detection is essential for effective dairy cattle management, with accurate diagnosis improving animal welfare and reducing economic losses. Senior veterinary students must acquire these skills before graduation to ensure competent diagnosis in the field.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of senior veterinary students in detecting and scoring lameness in dairy cows.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 201 senior veterinary students who scored lameness in cows using video recordings and a 5-point scoring system. Students' lameness scores were compared to those assigned by an experienced observer using a confusion matrix, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy calculated. Intra-rater reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients, while inter-rater reliability was evaluated using Krippendorff's alpha. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of lameness severity on detection accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students demonstrated high accuracy for severe lameness (93.67%) and healthy cases (85.93%), with sensitivities of 75.84% and 74.46%, respectively. However, sensitivity for mild to moderate lameness was lowest. Specificity ranged from 81.87% for mild cases to 98.12% for severe cases. Inter- and intra-rater reliability showed various agreement coefficients across lameness categories. Logistic regression indicated decreased accuracy with increasing lameness severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gaps in detecting intermediate lameness highlight the need for enhanced training methods in veterinary education. Integrating advanced tools can improve diagnostic accuracy and support better lameness detection in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence and Location of CatSper 1-4, Opioid (μ, δ and κ) and CD44 Receptors in SPERMATOZOA from AOUDAD, IBERIAN IBEX and Mouflon.","authors":"Alejandro Vicente-Carrillo, Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez, Cristina Castaño, Adolfo Toledano-Díaz, Eva Martínez-Nevado, Heriberto Rodríguez-Martínez, Julián Santiago-Moreno","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70459","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the apparent progress in reproductive technologies in wild ruminant species, healthy live births have been limited. Acquiring a sound knowledge of the molecular basis of most functional aspects of spermatozoa will improve the effectiveness of reproductive techniques and optimise conservation programs for threatened species. CatSper channels, opioid receptors and CD44 are involved in sperm capacitation of humans and domestic animals, but their presence in wild ruminants is yet undisclosed. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and localisation of CatSper 1-4, μ, δ and κ-opioid receptors and CD44 in three wild ruminant species spermatozoa (aoudad [n = 5], Iberian ibex [n = 5], mouflon [n = 5]), which show different resistance to freezing-thawing processes. Western blotting (WB) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) performed with commercially available antibodies revealed that aoudad, Iberian ibex and mouflon are equipped with the aforementioned channels and receptors, sharing localisation with other domestic animals' spermatozoa but presenting species-particularities. WB revealed homogeneous results in CatSper 1, Catsper 2, Catsper 3 and CatSper 4 among the spermatozoa of the three species, unlike μ, δ and κ-opioid and CD44 receptors that showed substantial inter-species differences in the number of bands. ICC showed inter-species differences in the location of CatSper 1-4, μ, δ and κ-opioid and CD44 receptors. Data confirmed their presence and putative role on sperm function in wild ruminant species. Inter-species differences in the location of CatSper 1-4, μ, δ and κ-opioid and CD44 receptors might underlie the variable response to reproductive technologies in these species.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Antimicrobial Resistance of Major Mastitis-Causing Pathogens: A Nine-Year Study.","authors":"Amir Moradi, Behnam Bidarian, Fatemeh Mohammadian, Farideh Akbarian, Hamideh Kalateh Rahmani, Niloufar Tashakkori, Babak Khoramian","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70417","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) are among the primary pathogens responsible for mastitis on dairy farms. The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) exacerbates this issue, posing a significant global threat, particularly in veterinary medicine, where mastitis leads to substantial economic losses for the dairy industry.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the resistance patterns of these mastitis-causing pathogens in Iran over a nine-year period (2016-2024).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 5275 milk samples were collected from farms of varying size (small, medium and large). Of these, 960 samples (18.19%) underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tylosin resistance was the most prevalent among all pathogen isolates, with resistance rates of 46.09% in S. aureus, 61.24% in S. agalactiae, and 91.63% in E. coli. Among the tested pathogens, E. coli exhibited the highest multidrug resistance (MDR) rate at 45.86%, followed by S. aureus (30.4%) and S. agalactiae (22.05%). For S. aureus, resistance to gentamicin increased significantly over time, whereas resistance to cloxacillin showed a marked decline. In E. coli, resistance to penicillin and amoxicillin demonstrated significant upward trends. For S. agalactiae, enrofloxacin resistance declined significantly, while resistance to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole increased notably. Farm size was a significant predictor of MDR status, with larger farms associated with lower odds of MDR. Additionally, clinical status was linked to higher MDR odds. Seasonal variations also influenced MDR, with certain seasons showing reduced odds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlighted key factors contributing to MDR in mastitis pathogens. The findings emphasised the complex nature of antimicrobial resistance and the necessity for tailored strategies-such as improved farm management, seasonal interventions, and targeted antimicrobial use-to effectively mitigate resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12207086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Towards Foot and Mouth Disease Among Farmers and Veterinary Practitioners in Selected Border Regions of Pakistan Adjoining to Afghanistan.","authors":"Abdul Kabir, Asghar Ali Kamboh, Muhammad Abubakar, Kanwar Kumar, Abdulkareem Mohammed Matar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70215","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to look into the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of farmers, animal wholesalers and veterinary practitioners on foot and mouth disease (FMD) in the border area of Pakistan adjoining Afghanistan. Nearly half (41%) of the farmers understood the name of the disease or were aware of its incidence in their neighbourhood. The majority of farmers were able to identify the clinical signs (77.9% salivation, 74% tongue ulcers, 73.4% gum lesions, 71% hoof lesions) of FMD in their livestock. Over half of the farmers (54%) preferred not to purchase cattle from unidentified or potentially contaminated sources to stop the spread of FMD. The majority of farmers (61%) claimed that the 'introduction of new animals' was the main reason the illness appeared on their farms. The extent of the animal wholesalers' clinical knowledge was restricted to identifying salivation and lesions in the mouth and on the feet as signs of the disease. Eighty-three percent of local veterinarians reported the prevalence of FMD to the provincial, regional and central veterinary authorities. More than half of them (71%) kept records of the animal diseases seen and/or treatment plans implemented. In the border region between Pakistan with Afghanistan, there is no ongoing formal FMD immunization programme. According to the majority of veterinary practitioners (63%), the main obstacles to FMD control in the area were thought to be poor import restrictions and no quarantine of livestock. Farmers and wholesalers need to have their knowledge gaps filled to reduce the burden of illness in the border region.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144576369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of a Locally Formulated Subclinical Mastitis Test Reagent Against the California Mastitis Test (CMT) in Dairy Cows in Ethiopia.","authors":"Sisay Weldegebriel Zeweld, Enquebaher Kassaye Tarekegn","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70499","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Subclinical mastitis (SCM) remains a major productivity-limiting disease in dairy cattle, particularly in low-resource settings where diagnostic access is limited. The California mastitis test (CMT) is widely used for on-farm SCM detection but is increasingly inaccessible in Ethiopia due to high costs and supply constraints. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a newly formulated, low-cost Ethiopian mastitis test (EMT) reagent as an alternative to CMT under field conditions. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2024 to February 2025 in Mekelle, Ethiopia, involving 112 lactating dairy cows across diverse farm settings. Milk samples were tested using both EMT and CMT reagents, and somatic cell count (SCC) served as the reference standard. Diagnostic agreement was assessed using sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, Kappa statistics and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. EMT demonstrated a sensitivity of 90.14%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100% and negative predictive value of 85.42%. The Kappa value (κ = 0.87) indicated strong agreement with CMT. ROC analysis confirmed high diagnostic accuracy (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.908), although slightly lower than CMT (AUC = 1.0). EMT also showed strong associations with established SCM risk factors, such as cow age, breed, hygiene, nutrition and housing. These findings validate EMT as a reliable, field-adaptable and economically feasible diagnostic tool for SCM. Its adoption could enhance udder health surveillance, reduce reliance on imports and promote sustainable dairy production in Ethiopia. National scale-up and broader ecological validation are recommended to support policy integration and widespread implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Prevalence of Enterotoxin and Antibiotic Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolated From Meat and Edible Viscera of Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Mousavi Bideli Seyedeh Mozhgan, Rahimi Ebrahim, Seyed Majid Hashemi, Zia Jahromi Noosha","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70413","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The responsible for staph infection is methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which has a long and difficult treatment process due to resistance to this type of antibiotic. This study is designed to investigate the distribution and frequency of antibiotic-resistant genes and MRSA enterotoxins isolated from the meat and edible viscera of broiler chickens, which are responsible for pathogenicity in humans.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 523 meat and edible viscera of broiler chicken collected from farms in Shahrekord, Iran. The antibiogram test of 142 MRSA isolates was performed by Kirby-Bauer diffusion disc. Sensitivity or resistance of MRSA was tested on 13 different antibiotics. DNA extracted from MRSA was screened by PCR technique for the presence of antibiotic-resistant and enterotoxin genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolated with frequency of 51.05% (267 of 523). The presence of mecA gene in S. aureus was examined to detect the MRSA. The most antibiotic-resistance responsible genes and the pathogenic enterotoxin genes were identified. MRSA was identified by positive amplification of mecA in 53.18% (142 of 267) of S. aureus isolates. S. aureus antimicrobial resistance was most frequently noted against tetracycline (94.37%), ampicillin (88.73%) and penicillin (71.83%). Out of 51 examined isolates, 47 isolates exhibited the sea (92.15%), and 7 isolates exhibited the sej (13.72%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results indicated high prevalence of MRSA in broilers, which is very worrying issue. In addition, in the present study, it was observed that due to the increase in the use of antibiotics in poultry farming, bacteria resistant to methicillin and other antibiotics have a high prevalence. Now, with the knowledge that the consumption of broiler chicken is very high all over the world and with the increasing trend of antibiotic consumption, this issue has become a concern at the global health level. The presence of antibiotic-resistance and enterotoxigenic genes in MRSA bacteria is a critical threat to human nutrition, making consuming contaminated meat and edible viscera of broiler chickens unsafe.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144561312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}