Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Dietary Melatonin on Heart and Lung Telomere Length and Shelterin Protein Gene Expression of Pulmonary Hypertensive Broiler Chickens.","authors":"Peyman Gheytaspour, Shahab Bahadoran, Hossein Hassanpour","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS) is a common metabolic disease in broiler chickens linked to oxidative stress. This study explored the potential of melatonin, an antioxidant, to improve PHS response and telomere structure in chickens with cold-induced PHS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated the effects of dietary melatonin supplementation on telomere length and the expression of genes related to telomere protection (shelterin genes) in the heart and lungs of broiler chickens with PHS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Melatonin supplementation improved telomere length in the heart tissue of chickens with PHS. We also observed changes in the expression of genes (TRF1, RAP1, and TPP1) responsible for protecting telomeres, suggesting a potential mechanism for melatonin's beneficial effects. Melatonin's impact was more pronounced in the heart than in the lungs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Melatonin may help protect cardiac cells during PHS by improving telomere length and influencing the activity of genes involved in telomere protection. These findings suggest that melatonin could be a valuable tool in managing heart cell dysfunction associated with PHS in poultry.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70355"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12010761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement of Insulin Resistance in Cats With Chronic Kidney Disease.","authors":"Idil Bastan, Cem Turker Cayiroglu, Yeliz Kaya Kartal, Tevhide Sel","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic renal failure in cats is frequently associated with several well-known consequences, including uremia, hypertension, anaemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism. In contrast to extensive studies on insulin resistance and impaired glucose homeostasis in humans with chronic kidney disease (CKD), there is a lack of research addressing these metabolic alterations in cats with CKD. Understanding the metabolic changes associated with CKD in cats is essential for effective clinical management and for enhancing our knowledge of the disease's pathophysiology. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate insulin secretion, glucose concentrations and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in non-diabetic cats diagnosed with stage 3-4 CKD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten clinically healthy cats (healthy controls) and fifteen non-diabetic cats with CKD) were included in the study. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, urea, creatinine, phosphor, calcium, sodium, chlorine, potassium, albumin and total protein levels were analysed in all the patients. The HOMA-IR index was calculated to show the existence of insulin resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum samples from 25 cats were analysed, including 15 with CKD and 10 healthy controls. Cats with CKD exhibited significantly lower serum insulin concentrations (6.05 ± 2.45pg/mL) compared to healthy cats (19.08 ± 5.01pg/mL; p < 0.001). Glucose concentrations in cats with CKD (149.89 ± 61.49) were notably higher than those in healthy controls (93.02 ± 7.39; p < 0.001). The HOMA-IR score was significantly lower in cats with CKD (0.31 ± 0.15) compared to the control group (0.62 ± 0.16; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The limitations of this study include a small sample size, the absence of histopathological assessments and the failure to fully characterise the inflammatory status of the subjects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that, unlike in humans, insulin levels and HOMA-IR are lower in cats with CKD, suggesting a potential mechanism of β-cell dysfunction and reduced insulin secretion contributing to hyperglycaemia. Future research focused on oxidative stress in conjunction with pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory mediators and serum fPLI concentrations may be crucial for understanding the pathogenesis of hypoinsulinaemia in cats with CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143988504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Antifungal Efficacy of Eugenol-Loaded Nanocapsules Combined With Itraconazole Against Trichophyton mentagrophytes.","authors":"Javad Malakootikhah, Aghil Sharifzadeh, Mohana Rastegar, Alireza Khosravi, Donya Nikaein","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>The increasing prevalence of dermatophyte infections and the emergence of antifungal resistance highlight the urgent need for novel treatment approaches. Trichophyton mentagrophytes, a common dermatophyte, often resists standard antifungal therapies, necessitating alternative solutions. Eugenol, a natural compound with potent antifungal properties, has gained attention for its synergistic effects with conventional antifungal agents. However, its clinical application is limited by poor bioavailability and stability. Nanoencapsulation of eugenol offers a promising strategy to enhance its antifungal efficacy and address these limitations. This study aims to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of eugenol and nanoencapsulated eugenol in combination with Itraconazole against T. mentagrophytes isolates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eugenol-loaded nanocapsules were fabricated using the nanoprecipitation method and subsequently evaluated. The antifungal activity of eugenol, nano-eugenol and Itraconazole-individually and in combination-was assessed against clinical isolates of T. mentagrophytes derived from animal and human sources, using minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) determinations. The chequerboard assay evaluated the synergistic effects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses showed that eugenol nanocapsules have a uniform, spherical morphology with an average size of 150.9 nm and moderate polydispersity (polydispersity index [PDI] = 0.531), whereas a slight negative zeta potential (-0.1 mV) contributes to suspension stability by minimizing aggregation. The geometric mean MIC of eugenol was 119.3 µg/mL, significantly lower than that of nano-eugenol (477.4 µg/mL), whereas Itraconazole had the lowest MIC at 11 µg/mL. Eugenol demonstrated a more potent fungicidal effect than its nanoencapsulated form, though nanoencapsulation improved stability and bioavailability. Combining Itraconazole with nano-eugenol showed synergy in 73.3% of T. mentagrophytes isolates, reducing Itraconazole's MIC by up to 1/2 or 1/4. Both forms of eugenol exhibited effective anti-dermatophytic activity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings suggest that nanoencapsulated eugenol, in combination with Itraconazole, provides a potent and synergistic antifungal approach against T. mentagrophytes, potentially reducing the dosage and resistance risks associated with Itraconazole. These results underscore the potential of nano-enhanced plant extracts in developing effective, sustainable antifungal therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12051020/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Victory and Defeat on the Correlations of Stress Parameters Between the Horse and Rider in Kök-Börü Equestrian Teams.","authors":"Ali Rişvanli, İsmail Şen, Kanat Canuzakov, Askarbek Tulobayev, Abuzer Taş, Ruslan Salykov, Nezahat Ceylan, Ünal Türkçapar, Ulanbek Alimov, Arina Kazakbayeva, Ayday Cunuşova, Nur Abdimnap Uulu, Burak Fatih Yuksel, Mert Turanli, Muhammed Uz, Metin Bayraktar, Nuriddin Ruzikulov","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The presented study outlines a research plan aimed at determining the effects of winning and losing situations on the relationship levels between the rider and horse's stress, metabolic, and physiological parameters in Kök-Börü, a traditional equestrian team game. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from both the horses and riders of four different teams participating in two different Kök-Börü games before and after the games. Cortisol, ACTH, beta-endorphin, epinephrine, norepinephrine, T3 and T4 analyses were performed on the collected blood samples using species-specific commercial ELISA kits. Additionally, biochemical and haematological parameters in the same blood samples were tested using an autoanalyser. Based on the obtained data, it was found that there were both positive and negative correlations between most biochemical and haematological parameters of the winning teams' horses and riders before and after the game. However, when examining the correlations between the hormonal parameters of the winning teams' horses and riders before the game, only a negative correlation was found between ACTH and T4 (-0.529, p < 0.05), and no positive correlation was identified among any hormonal parameters. In conclusion, it was interpreted that in the equestrian team sport of Kök-Börü, there are significant changes in the hormonal parameters, especially before and after the game, between the horses and riders of the losing teams. Furthermore, it was concluded that winning and losing situations in Kök-Börü games did not have a significant impact on the correlations between haematological and biochemical parameters before and after the game for both the horses and riders.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12020914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Ram Semen Low Cryotolerance by Replacing the Seminal Plasma With That of High-Cryotolerant Rams or Extender.","authors":"Cemal Dayanıklı, Bülent Bülbül, Şükrü Doğan, Ebru Şengül, Mesut Kırbaş, Yavuz Kal, Mehmet Bozkurt Ataman","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ram semen cryotolerance problem continues despite intensive research. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of replacing total seminal plasma (SP) with that of high-cryotolerant rams or extender on semen quality parameters in low-cryotolerant rams. Rams previously determined as low (n = 6) and high-cryotolerant (n = 5) were used in the breeding season. High-cryotolerant rams were only included with their SP in the SP+ group. Each normospermic fresh ejaculate from low-cryotolerant rams was split into three aliquots to form the groups. The control aliquot was diluted using a two-step process. Centrifugation removed SP from the second aliquot (SP- group), and the sperm pellet was rediluted with a Tris-based extender using the same amount of SP removed. The third aliquot's SP was removed as in the SP- group, but the remaining sperm pellet was rediluted with fresh SP harvested from high-cryotolerant rams using the same amounts of removed SP in the SP+ group. Semen was rediluted with a Tris-based extender in the SP- and SP+ groups using a two-step process as in the control group. Sperm quality was similar between the groups after dilution and equilibration. However, the post-thaw semen quality was higher in the SP- (one parameter) and SP+ (four parameters) groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). Additionally, these parameters were similar in the SP- and SP+ groups. This study showed that, although an adequate extender had positive effects, replacing the whole SP with that of high-cryotolerant rams may better solve the low cryotolerance problem in ram semen.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12036697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Some Morphological Characteristics of the Kyrgyz Taigan Dog Breed.","authors":"Hasan Hüseyin Arı, Abuzer Taş, İsmail Şen, Metin Bayraktar, Mustafa Garip, Aziz Begaliev, Ruslan Salykov","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study involved morphological measurements of the body and head of 77 male and female Kyrgyz Taigans aged 12-16, 24-30 and 36+ months (denoted as groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Length measurements (head, face and ear) were obtained using an electronic calliper; width measurements (head, face and pinna) and circumference measurements (head, neck, chest, waist and front and rear shins) were taken using a measuring tape; and height measurements (withers and rump) were obtained using a measuring stick. IBM SPSS 22 was used for statistical analysis, and descriptive statistics of the groups were obtained. Student's t-test was used for between-group comparisons (gender), ANOVA for multiple-group comparisons (age), and the Tukey test for post hoc analysis. The average measurements for face, ear, tail, head, neck, front and rear shins, body length, and height were compared, and significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed between the male and female dogs in the three groups. Significant differences in neck, waist and chest circumferences and chest width and depth were also observed (p < 0.05). The Kyrgyz Taigan is a medium-sized dog breed in terms of body weight, is long-headed (dolichocephalic), exhibits a rectangular body shape similar to other greyhound breeds, and has a rump and withers that are of similar heights. Compared with other greyhound breeds, the Kyrgyz Taigan has greater values for head length, withers and rump heights, chest circumference and chest depth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70409"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12077753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites in Captive Asian Elephants (Elephas maximus Linnaeus, 1758) in Central Nepal.","authors":"Roshan Babu Adhikari, Madhuri Adhikari Dhakal, Purna Bahadur Ale, Ganga Ram Regmi, Tirth Raj Ghimire","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70310","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), despite their larger physical structure and strength, are often attacked by microorganisms, like gastrointestinal (GI) parasites, resulting in higher morbidity and mortality.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The current study aimed to determine the prevalence and diversity of GI parasites in the endangered Asiatic elephants reared in captivity in and around Chitwan National Park in Central Nepal.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>With age and sex variants, 63 fresh faecal samples (N = 63) were collected non-invasively and transferred to the research laboratory for microscopic examination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings showed a 95.2% prevalence rate, along with 17 identified diverse species of GI parasites, including protozoa (6 spp.) and helminths (11 spp.) and two unknown species (1 protozoan and 1 helminth). The prevalence of protozoa (84.1%) was higher than that of helminths (77.8%). Female/cows and old-age elephants were reported to harbour a higher rate of parasites. Sharing overlapping niches with domestic and wild animals, irregular medication and the existence of critical stressors were speculated to be the major risks for parasitosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The captive elephant population in Central Nepal harbours a greater prevalence and huge diversity of GI parasites, most of which are implicated with serious pathological conditions and zoonotic potentiality. The presence of GI parasites must be considered a challenging threat. Thus, government bodies, non-governmental organizations, elephant owners and conservationists need to participate in strategic medication and seek measures to lessen the probable health risk for sustainable conservation and welfare of the endangered species in Nepal.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70310"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948666/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations Between Polymorphisms of the CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3 Genes and Milk Composition Traits in Holstein Cattle.","authors":"Ahmet Fatih Demirel, Bahattin Çak","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70334","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Caseins are the major proteins found in cow's milk. There are four known casein fractions: α_S1-casein, α_S2-casein, β-casein and κ-casein, encoded by the CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3 genes located on the sixth chromosome of cattle. These genes are considered candidate genes in marker-assisted selection. Therefore, it is essential to determine the relationship between these genes and quantitative characters.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to identify genotypes of CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3 genes and investigate their effect on milk components with the PCR-RFLP method in Holstein cattle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The material of the study consisted of 519 Holstein cows that managed under intensive systems in Konya (n:189), Manisa (n:195) and Diyarbakır (n:135) provinces in Türkiye. Blood and milk samples from these cows were used in the study. The genetic structures of bovine CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2 and CSN3 genes were examined by PCR-RFLP in three Holstein cattle populations. A general linear model (GLM) was applied to analyse the effect of genotypic variants on phenotypic characters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results indicated that milk solids-non-fat (SNF) (p < 0.01), protein (p < 0.05) and lactose (p < 0.01) percentages were significantly affected by the genetic variants of the CSN2 gene of cow in general population. CSN2 A2A2 genotype led to a significant increase in SNF, protein and lactose percentages by 0.14, 0.05 and 0.08 in comparison to other genotypes, respectively. Moreover, significant effect of the CSN1S1 BC (p < 0.05) and CSN3 AA (p < 0.01) genotypes on fat percentage were found in Konya province. Furthermore, a statistically significant genotype-by-environment interaction was identified in both the CSN1S1 (p < 0.05) and CSN3 (p < 0.01) genes in relation to milk fat content.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As a result, after increasing the number of studies that investigated the relationship between casein genes and milk traits and determined the genetic variation of CSN1S1, CSN2 and CSN3 genes of the Holstein cattle, these genes can be a strong genetic marker as marker-assisted selection programme in early selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11970297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143781347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, Intensity and Associated Factors of Cysticercus tenuicollis in Small Ruminants in the Northwest Region of Cameroon.","authors":"Prudentia Yensi Lawan, Aziwo Tatanja Niba, Julius Awah-Ndukum","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70307","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cysticercus tenuicollis infection, which can cause production and economic losses in livestock, is neglected in most African countries, including Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the prevalence, intensity and associated factors of C. tenuicollis in small ruminants in the Northwest region, Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 1106 small ruminants (493 sheep; 613 goats) originating from divisions of the study region and destined for slaughter in Bamenda municipality were examined. Following slaughter, intensive meat inspections were performed to detect C. tenuicollis cysts based on standard procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, the prevalence of C. tenuicollis was 34.36% (31.62%-37.21%), and no difference (χ² = 1.43, p = 0.23) was observed between goats (35.89% [32.19%-39.76%]) and sheep (32.45% [28.47%-36.70%]). C. tenuicollis cyst was prevalent in all divisions in the region and detected during the entire study period. Weight, body condition score, pregnancy and lactating status of females, origin of the animals and season were the major (p < 0.05) factors in goats and only age (p < 0.05) in sheep. C. tenuicollis cysts were predominant in the abdominal cavity (97.90%) (OR = 2477.79; 889.45-6902.46; p < 0.0001, χ² = 701.19) and mainly attached to the omentum (71.84%) (OR = 20.03; 13.53-29.66; p < 0.0001, χ² = 269.13) compared to the pelvic cavity and other organs, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study showed high prevalence and widespread distribution of C. tenuicollis infection in small ruminants and suggested that cysticercosis in small ruminants and its associated socio-economic implications for livestock production are neglected in Northwest Cameroon. Concerted veterinary-livestock farmer efforts, monitoring of infected small ruminant populations and regular parasite control in dogs in contact with small ruminants and prevention of contamination of pastures with T. hydatigena eggs by barring access of potential definitive hosts are essential for the control of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful Treatment With Intravenous Lipid Emulsion of Accidental Amantadine Overdose: A Case Report.","authors":"Brett Hogberg, Kristen Marshall, Mark Vardanega","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70402","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 2.5-year-old, 4.9 kg, Chinese Crested was accidentally administered a dose of 43.5 mg/kg of amantadine, resulting in the rapid onset of tremors, agitation, vertical nystagmus, and lack of pupillary light reflex in one eye. After unsuccessful treatment with methocarbamol, a 1.5 mL/kg bolus of 20% intravenous lipid emulsion therapy was initiated followed by a 0.25 mL/kg/min continuous rate infusion. All clinical signs secondary to the amantadine toxicity resolved following intravenous lipid emulsion therapy and remained normal on 24 h, day 5, day 18, and day 50. This represents the first report of amantadine toxicity in a clinical setting and is the first case showing that intravenous lipid emulsion therapy could be an effective treatment for amantadine toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"e70402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12074025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}