Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in the Water of the Halda River: A Distinctive Breeding Habitat for Carp Fish in Bangladesh.","authors":"Afsana Kamal, Md Manzoorul Kibria, Shahadat Hossain, Chowdhury Kaiser Mahmud, Rashmi Roy, Nighat Sultana Resma","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70078","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The present study aimed to assess the heavy metal concentrations in water from different sampling sites of the Halda River, the only natural breeding ground of Indian major carps.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We have analysed the contamination level and seasonal variations of heavy metals (viz. Fe, Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb). The favourability of the breeding environment was assessed by different contamination indices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Samples were collected from six sampling sites for four different seasons, and the metal concentrations were determined for water samples using Flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The obtained order of mean concentrations of heavy metals for four seasons was winter > spring > monsoon > pre-monsoon, and the assessed mean concentrations (mg/L) of heavy metals follow the trend: Fe (9.129) > Pb (0.033) > Zn (0.024) > Cr (0.017) > Cu (0.012) > Cd (0.002). The concentration of Fe was found above the permissible limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO) (Guidelines for Water Quality) and ECR (1997), and the concentrations for Pb were found above the USEPA (2006) limit in all four seasons. Contamination indices (heavy metal pollution Index [HPI] and metal index [MI]) indicate that during winter and monsoon, the river water metal condition is critical (HPI > 100) and the sites are moderately as well as slightly (1< MI <2) affected by the studied heavy metals. Contamination indices, such as contamination factors (C_f), degree of contamination (C_deg) and the pollution load index (PLI), demonstrate the fact that Fe and Pb remarkably contaminated the studied sampling sites. The Pearson correlation matrix and the principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the studied metals are connected by their sources, which can be geological or anthropogenic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Urgent initiatives need to be taken, and effective strategies must be implemented to control the different sources responsible for the entry of heavy metals into the Halda River water.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70078"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142628989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of Some Nutrient Absorption-Related Genes and Intestinal Histology in Japanese Quails (Coturnix japonica) Throughout Their Productive Lifespan.","authors":"Hamid Reza Rafieian-Naeini, Mahdi Zhandi, Maryam Taghipour-Shahbandi, Amir Reza Sabzian, Ali Reza Yousefi, Mahboubeh Khajehnabi, Woo Kyun Kim","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70056","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Quail is an efficient poultry species known for many years, and its productivity is highly affected by gastrointestinal function, health, digestion and commensal bacteria. Specific histological parameters and nutrient absorption-related genes could be used to study intestinal functionality and efficiency.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the mRNA abundance of nutrient absorption-related genes and intestinal histology changes in laying Japanese quail during productive lifespan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 135 quails from a commercial flock at different egg production periods (early production [EP, 6 weeks of age], pick production [PP, 21 weeks of age] and post pick production [PPP, 40 weeks of age]) were randomly selected (n = 45/group) and kept for 6 weeks. Production performance was evaluated during last 2 weeks of the experimental period, and tissue samples were taken from the duodenum, jejunum and ileum for histological analysis and mRNA abundance purposes at the end of the experiment. The mRNA abundance of the CALB1, SGLT1, SGLT5, EAAT3 and NaPi-IIb genes were compared among groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Production period did not affect the eggshell thickness, goblet cell number and mRNA abundance of CALB1, EAAT3 and NaPi-IIb (p > 0.05). The PPP quails had the highest egg weight and FCR compared to EP and PP quails (p < 0.001). Egg production and egg mass of the EP and PP quails were higher than those of PPP quails (p < 0.001). Moreover, EP quails had the highest villus height (VH)/crypt depth (CD) ratio in the duodenum and jejunum and the lowest VH:CD in the ileum compared with the PPP quails (p < 0.01). The lowest SGLT1 mRNA abundance was noted in the PP quails, whereas EP quails had the highest SGLT5 mRNA abundance (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, although histology parameter changes were in-line with the lowest performance observed in the PPP quails, the current results failed to show a relationship between mRNA abundance changes and production performance attributes at different productive lifespans.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70056"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Species-Specific Differences in Intracranial Volume of Tuj Sheep and Hair Goats Using Stereology and Computed Tomography Methods.","authors":"Ali Koçyiğit, Betül Kanik, İsmail Demircioğlu, Yasin Demiraslan","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70111","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intracranial cavity contains vitally important organs. The brain, cerebellum, meninges and the vessels that supply these organs are located in the intracranial cavity. Therefore, it is important to learn about the intracranial cavity and to study it. However, there is limited information about the intracranial cavity in the veterinary field. The aim of this study was to determine the differences between the intracranial cavities of different species of animals by using stereology and tomography methods, volume calculations and morphometric measurements. In addition, the compatibility of the methods used with each other was investigated. In the study, six male adult goats and six male adult sheep were used. In this study, the intracranial cavities of sheep and goats were calculated by using Cavalieri's principle and 3D modelling using tomography sections. Morphometric measurements were taken over the intracranial space, and index calculations were made. In 3D models using computed tomography, the intracranial volume was 153.31 ± 24.06 cm³ in goats and 128.07 ± 7.93 cm³ in sheep. In the calculation using Cavalieri's principle, it was determined to be 152.73 ± 22.73 cm³ in goats and 126.15 ± 8.38 cm³ in sheep. As a result of the study, the MWCC (maximum width of the cranial cavity) parameter was found to be statistically significant between species (p < 0.05). The two methods used in Bland-Altman analysis were found to be within the limits of agreement, and the methods can be alternative to each other.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533207/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Application of an Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Based on a Recombinant Matrix Protein for the Serological Study of Porcine Deltacoronavirus in Mexican Pigs.","authors":"Francisco Jesus Castañeda Montes, José Luis Cerriteño Sánchez, Julieta Sandra Cuevas-Romero, María Azucena Castañeda Montes, Susana Mendoza Elvira","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70108","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an infectious disease that causes diarrhoea in pigs of different ages; however, piglets are more susceptible. PDCoV was first reported in 2012 in China and Hong Kong. Later, it was first reported in the USA in 2014 and in Mexico in 2019. Several studies have shown that M protein is highly conserved and, therefore, suitable for diagnostic systems. In this study, for the first time, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) based on a recombinant M protein (rM-PDCoV) was developed to evaluate the seroprevalence of PDCoV in four states in Mexico. High sensitivity (83%) and specificity (100%) were observed for the iELISA. The kappa index calculated a nearly perfect agreement (0.8831) compared to the Western blot (gold standard test), suggesting acceptable statistical value support. In this study, 50.38% of the serum samples from backyard pigs were PDCoV-positive. The serological comparison showed that PDCoV/PEDV coinfections occurred in 31.98% of the analysed sera. These results can enrich our understanding of how this virus spreads and enable the evaluation of PDCoV infections. Moreover, it highlights the importance of continually investigating the seroprevalence of PDCoV in Mexico because there is also no information about the current prevalence of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Isolation and Characterization of Feline Panleukopenia Virus From Wild Raccoon Dogs in the Residential Area of Shanghai, China.","authors":"Chen Chen, Jin Tao, Ling Tang, Tong Sun, Zhuyun Sun, Huan Xu, Shuaitao Deng, Cheng Xue, Xing Ji, Rui Wang, Hongjun Chen","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70071","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carnivore parvovirus is commonly detected in canines and felines and results in a range of symptoms, including diarrhoea, with a high lethality rate. In recent years, the gradual restoration of urban ecosystems coupled with a lack of natural predators means that wild raccoon dogs have gradually entered residential neighbourhoods in Shanghai, and the carnivore parvovirus carried by such canines may seriously affect their health and that of dogs and cats in these neighbourhoods.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Therefore, it is essential to monitor wild raccoon dogs for carnivore parvovirus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The wild raccoon samples were collected from the residential area of Shanghai and screened for parvovirus, followed by virus isolation and sequence comparison analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, three strains of parvovirus, YSH1-2022, YSH2-2022 and GSW1-2023, were isolated from anal and pharyngeal swab mixtures of 42 live raccoon dogs and two dead raccoon dogs in Shanghai, China. After alignment, it was found that the three strains of parvovirus were all located in the same branch as feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), and the three VP2 genes had 100% homology with FPV VP2 genes isolated from Shanghai and Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. The homology of the three NS1 genes with FPV NS1 isolated from Shanghai and other places was 99.9%-100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first report of FPV isolated from raccoon dogs. In this study, the host range and risk of infection of parvovirus were evaluated, providing data to support wildlife management and policy formulation in Shanghai.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70071"},"PeriodicalIF":16.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542500/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effect of Adding Different Levels of Zinc Chloride, Curcumin, Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (Zano-NPs), Curcumin Loaded on Zano-NPs on Post-Thawing Quality of Ram Semen.","authors":"Fatemeh Omidi, Hadi Hajarian, Hamed Karamishabankareh, Leila Soltani, Mojtaba Dashtizad","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70091","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study looked at how different concentrations of curcumin (Curc), zinc chloride (ZnCl₂), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and Curc loaded on ZnO-NPs (Curc-co-ZnO-NPs) in cryopreservation dilution affected the quality of ram sperm after thawing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ZnO-NPs were synthesised using Berberis vulgaris leaf aqueous extract. Then, Curc was loaded on the ZnO-NPs that had been synthesised. We used analytical methods to look at the composition, morphology and size of green synthesised ZnO-NPs and Curc-co-ZnO-NPs, including UV-Vis, zeta potential, EDX, DLS, FE-SEM and FT-IR. Using a Tris-base extender containing various concentrations of Curc, ZnCl₂, ZnO-NPs and Curc-co-ZnO-NPs (0, 1, 10 and 100 µg/mL), semen samples from four rams were combined. Sperm motility, viability, DNA and plasma membrane integrity, total abnormalities and malondialdehyde (MDA) generation were all evaluated in treatment groups after thawing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that adding 1 µg/mL of ZnO-NPs and Curc-co-ZnO-NPs significantly reduced the level of MDA and total abnormalities (p < 0.05). Additionally, following the freeze-thawing procedure, the presence of 1 µg/mL of Curc-co-ZnO-NPs in the diluent of ram sperm significantly increased the percentage of sperm viability and motility in comparison to the control and other treatment groups (p < 0.05). Furthermore, as compared to the control group and other treatments, treatments containing 1 µg/mL of Curc-co-ZnO-NPs significantly improved membrane and DNA integrity (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>It appears that following freeze-thawing, the Curc-co-ZnO-NPs (1 µg/mL) enhanced sperm parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70091"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Major Histocompatibility Complex Polymorphism With Acute Phase Response in Broiler Chicken.","authors":"Afra Vatankhah, Gholamreza Nikbakht Brujeni, Atefeh Esmailnejad","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Stress associated with changes in host immunity occurs in response to altered environmental conditions, endogenous imbalances, infectious agents and harmful stimuli. The importance of genetic diversity in chickens has increased due to individual immune differences towards resistance and susceptibility to various stimuli.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) polymorphism with acute phase response (APR) in Ross 308 broiler chickens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The allelic diversity of the LEI0258 microsatellite marker was determined in 120 Ross broilers. In addition, acute phase proteins (APPs), including serum amyloid A (SAA) and alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), were analysed as markers of the APR. Furthermore, leukocyte count and the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio (H/L ratio) were examined. The antibody response to the Newcastle disease vaccine (NDV) was also measured to assess humoral mediated immunity. Lastly, the correlation between immune responses and MHC alleles was investigated to identify the most effective alleles in a stress-related situation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of six alleles, ranging from 195 to 448 bp, were identified. Association study revealed a significant influence of MHC alleles on APPs in Ross population (p < 0.05). Notably, Allele 448 had a significant correlation with SAA concentration and the H/L ratio. Allele 207 displayed a positive association with AGP concentration, whereas Allele 195 showed a negative association. Furthermore, a significant association was observed between Allele 448 and basopenia, as well as between Allele 195 and monocytosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results confirmed the significance of MHC as a candidate gene marker for immune responses, which supports its use for vaccine design, genetic improvement of disease-resistant traits and resource conservation in commercial broiler chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70062"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Chick Embryo: Immunomodulatory, Hepatic and Biochemical Alterations.","authors":"Md Sadequl Islam, Md Nurul Amin, Mst Deloara Begum","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The utilization of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) has significantly increased across various industries.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study rigorously explored the impact of TiO₂ NPs exposure on chicken embryos, focusing particularly on alterations in the immune system, liver functionality and key biochemical markers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study involved three groups of 30 eggs each, subjected to increasing doses of TiO₂ NPs: Group C (control), Group T1 (150 µg/mL) and Group T2 (300 µg/mL). After 48 h of incubation, the eggs in Groups T1 and T2 each received an injection of 0.3 mL of the TiO₂ NPs solution. In contrast, the eggs in the control group (Group C) were injected with 0.3 mL of saline solution. Histopathological changes were analysed using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, whereas amniotic fluid's biochemical properties were examined photometrically. The study also assessed the expression of immune genes (AvBD9, IL6 and IL8L2) through quantitative PCR. The evaluations included growth metrics, amniotic fluid biochemistry and histological analysis of the liver, caecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed subcutaneous haemorrhage, significant reductions in total body weight and marked changes in biochemical markers, including urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), in the amniotic fluid of the groups treated with TiO₂ NPs, compared to the control. Histological examinations indicated noticeable alterations in the liver, caecal tonsil and bursa of Fabricius following TiO₂ NP exposure. These alterations were characterized by disruptions in cellular structures and variations in lymphocyte counts. Furthermore, a notable decrease in the expression of immunity genes, namely, AvBD9, IL8L2 and IL6, was observed in the TiO₂ NP-treated groups compared to the control.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings underscore the need for risk assessments of TiO₂ NPs exposure due to its impact on development and immunity. Future research should explore its impact on neurodevelopment and degeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Detection of Ehrlichia ruminantium in Cattle From Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Cameroon: Implication for the Understanding of the Heartwater Epidemiology.","authors":"Esthelline Yangea Tchounkeu, Barberine Assongo Silatsa, Rolin Mitterran Ndefo Kamga, Pythagore Soubgwi Fogue, Gustave Simo","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although Amblyomma variegatum and Ehrlichia ruminantium infections have been reported in cattle from some agro-ecological zones (AEZs) of Cameroon, the transmission patterns of this bacterium seem to vary according to endemic areas and its prevalence as well as that of Heartwater remains not well understood in most sub-Saharan African countries. This study was designed to detect E. ruminantium infections in cattle of four AEZs of Cameroon and to identify areas presenting enzootic stability and those with potentially high risk for Heartwater. Blood samples were collected from cattle in four AEZs of Cameroon. DNA was extracted from blood and semi-nested PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene of E. ruminantium was used to search for this bacterium. From 569 cattle analysed, an E. ruminantium DNA fragment was detected in 197 of them, giving an overall prevalence of 34.6%. The highest prevalence of E. ruminantium of 48.0% was recorded in cattle from AEZ IV and the lowest (26.0%) in those from AEZ III. Among the AEZs, significant differences (X² = 14.85, p = 0.002) were recorded in terms of the prevalence of E. ruminantium infections. Villages of the westerly areas are at higher risk for E. ruminantium infections. This study revealed a high prevalence and a wide distribution of E. ruminantium infections in AEZs of Cameroon. It enabled the identification of areas showing an enzootic stability for E. ruminantium transmission as well as those where the transmission of this bacterium is low and where livestock are at higher risk of developing Heartwater.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the Effectiveness of Warmed Versus Room Temperature Intravenous Fluids Administration to Prevent Intraoperative Heat Loss in Anaesthetised Calves Undergoing Umbilical Herniorrhaphy.","authors":"Sitkican Okur, Latif Emrah Yanmaz, Mumin Gökhan Senocak, Ayse Golgeli, Ferda Turgut, Omer Tarik Orhun, Yakup Kocaman, Ugur Ersoz","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70096","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Warmed intravenous (IV) fluids administration to prevent hypothermia provide controversial results in humans, cats and dogs, but its effect on calves is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objectivxe: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of warmed IV fluids administered to prevent intraoperative heat loss in anaesthetised calves undergoing umbilical herniorrhaphy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty Simmental breed calves (aged 10-30 days) were randomly divided between two equal groups, wherein the infusion fluid (Ringer's lactate, 5 mL/kg/h) was administered either at room temperature (Group RoT) or warmed (Group WF). Pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (f_R), peripheral haemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO₂) and rectal temperature (RT) were recorded immediately after the onset of anaesthesia induction (T₀) at T₅, T₁₀, T₁₅, T₃₀, T₄₅ and T₆₀. Duration of anaesthesia, surgery time and recovery scores were also noted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The PR, RT and f_R values showed no significant difference between groups over time (p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in duration of anaesthesia, surgery time or recovery score between groups (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of the current study suggest that warmed IV fluid as the warming method did not prevent intraoperative hypothermia in calves. A constant-rate infusion of warmed fluid (5 mL/kg/h) is insufficient to prevent intraoperative hypothermia in calves.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142508962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}