Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Diffuse Osteosclerosis in a Young Cat Presenting With Chronic Nasal Congestion: A Case Report.","authors":"Victoria Lopez-Aldazabal, Nicole Mirabella, David S Biller","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 5-year-old neutered male domestic medium-hair cat was referred to the internal medicine department with upper respiratory signs and limb pain. Computed tomography (CT) revealed diffuse osteosclerosis, showing severe osseous thickening of the nasal turbinates and near-occlusion of the nasal passages. No new or healed fractures were observed. Additional diagnostic tests revealed no infectious or neoplastic causes. The cat was treated supportively for pain and nasal inflammation. One year after the diagnosis, the cat was described as having an acceptable quality of life at home, despite ongoing clinical signs of nasal congestion.</p><p><strong>Relevance and novel information: </strong>Chronic upper airway congestion is a common presenting complaint in feline patients. This report describes the imaging findings in a cat in which upper airway signs were due in part to systemic bone pathology. Previous reports suggest that the most common causes of chronic nasal congestion are acquired conditions with poor prognosis, such as lymphoplasmacytic rhinitis, neoplasia, or fungal infection. Diseases that cause diffuse osteosclerosis in cats are poorly understood. This report describes a case of diffuse osteosclerosis in a young cat with no other known comorbidities. The clinical picture is similar to descriptions of an osteosclerotic bone disorder in humans commonly referred to as autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type 1. Since no targeted treatments are available to reverse the osseous changes, the patient was treated supportively with pain management and corticosteroids. Recent developments in our understanding and treatment of similar human diseases may guide future advances in veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70574"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Cattle Using Nasolabial Plate Imprints and Biometric Analysis.","authors":"Daniel Špoljarić, Luka Pajurin, Megi Kujundžić, Maja Ferenčaković, Anja Vrbaški, Branimira Špoljarić, Gordan Mršić, Mirela Pavić Vulinović, Marko Samardžija, Maja Popović, Silvijo Vince","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Animal identification is a topic of many studies, with a range of biometric methods currently in use. The cattle muzzle serves as a unique source of biometric traits.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the best method for muzzle visualisation using imprints, the most frequent forms and minutiae points on imprints, and the minimum number of minutiae points required to establish an identity profile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Noseprints of 30 calves were taken on different surfaces and visualised using different methods (white paper and cardboard/ninhydrin solution and glass tile/small particle reagents and ceramic tile/fluorescent powder and glossy photopaper/grey instant or magnetic powder). The imprint of the entire muzzle was photographed and analysed using the Automated Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) to detect the most frequent forms based on friction ridges and minutiae points. Further mathematical simulation revealed the minimal number of points required for animal identification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best imprint was obtained on glossy black photopaper with grey instant powder. After analysing the digitised images with the AFIS magnifier, the six forms of beads and ridges in the selected 12 minutiae points were detected, thus creating an identity chart. Computer simulation confirmed that the lowest number of minutiae points necessary for unique animal identification, and 0% possibility of form repetition at points, was nine of the 12 selected points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As a biometric method, the muzzle imprint in combination with AFIS has the potential to be stored on large scale and used internationally, enabling identity control that is not susceptible to the issues involved with other biometric methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70589"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intralipid emulsion therapy for ivermectin toxicity in a dog.","authors":"Ehsan Khaksar, Hamed Karimi, Mahdieh Rezaei, Salar Zehforosh","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70586","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Therapeutic management of ivermectin overdose in a Shih Tzu dog using intravenous administration of intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE).</p><p><strong>Case summary: </strong>A 3-year-old female Shih Tzu dog weighing 2.5 kg was presented to a veterinary clinic in Tehran with ataxia, tremors, incoordination, negative PLR and menace reflex, bradycardia and salivation. The patient was treated with a 10 mg ivermectin tablet with the brand name Medimect in the last 12 h. Following the diagnosis of ivermectin intoxication, treatment with ILE was initiated. ILE was administered as a bolus of 1.5 mL/kg in 1 min, followed by a dose of 0.25 mL/kg/min for 30 min as a CRI. The neurological symptoms of the patient began to decrease 2.5 h after the ILE therapy. Twenty-four hours later, the patient was resuscitated, and all symptoms were resolved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The current paper reports the successful treatment of ivermectin toxicity with ILE therapy in Iran. The education of veterinarians regarding the beneficial and varied roles of ILE therapy in different clinical settings is warranted, particularly in terms of the potential for ILE therapy to reverse the toxicities of various lipophilic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70586"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12380713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Effect of Barberry (Berberis vulgaris) Root Extract on Experimental Cutaneous Leishmaniosis in a BALB/c Mouse Model.","authors":"Sadegh Shirian, Morteza Norouzi Cholcheh, Saeed Habibian Dehkordi, Behnam Bakhtiari Moghadam","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The bioactive compounds derived from plants offer promising avenues for discovering new treatments for various types of leishmaniasis. Approximately 22 alkaloids have been identified in different parts of the barberry plant, particularly in the roots. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of barberry (Berberis vulgaris) on the treatment of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by Leishmania major in a BALB/c mouse by using pathological, immunohistochemical, and clinical methods. Thirty BALB/c mice, aged 6-8 weeks, were purchased from the Razi Animal Laboratory at Karaj Institute and allowed for adaptation by 1 week. The mice were divided into three groups including control, treatment, and vehicle groups. Animals of both treatment and vehicle groups received a subcutaneous injection of 0.1 mL culture medium containing 2 × 10⁶ promastigotes at the base of their tails. The vehicle and treatment groups received Vaseline alone and barberry root extract mixed (as ointment) in Vaseline, respectively. The intact mice were used as the control group without any intervention. After 32-35 days, the wounds were formed at the injection sites. The extract ointment was applied to treat the wounds three times daily for 28 days. The wound diameters were measured on days 7, 14, 21, and 28 post-treatments, and the skin tissue samples were investigated using haematoxylin and eosin staining. Clinical evaluations revealed that the wound size was significantly decreased in the treatment group compared to the controls (p < 0.05). The treatment group also exhibited lower Leishmania parasite loads than other groups. Unlike the expression of TGF-β, the mean level of IL-1 and IL-6 was significantly increased (p < 0.001) in the treatment group compared to other groups. These findings suggest that Berberis vulgaris can effectively improve skin lesions caused by L. major by modulating inflammatory responses in the BLAB/c mouse model.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372602/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Oil Palm Leaf Meal (Elaeis guineensis) on Growth Performance, Haematology and Carcass Characteristics of West African Dwarf Sheep.","authors":"Paulinus Ogbonnaya Essen, Godwin Nnamdi Njoku, Godswill Uzoma Onya, Blessing Ngozi Zachary, Dondo Stephen Donkoh, Timothy Tartenger Kuka, Benjamin Adjei-Mensah","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70581","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nigerian ruminant farmers face poor animal nutrition during dry seasons, affecting productivity.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>A 90-day study evaluated the effect of oil palm leaf meal (OPLM) supplementation on the performance of West African Dwarf (WAD) weaner sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen WAD sheep aged 4-5 months were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments in a completely randomised design. Diets were supplemented with 0%, 10% and 20% inclusion levels of OPLM. At the end of the study, feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), haematology and carcass characteristics were determined. Two millilitres of blood samples were collected from three sheep per treatment with a syringe and needle from the jugular vein into bottles containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for haematology analysis. Three sheep per treatment were randomly selected, starved of feed for 12 h, slaughtered and the carcass was cut into parts and weighed using a sensitive scale. The weights of internal organs were expressed as a percentage of the live weight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that feed intake was significantly higher in the 20% OPLM diet and lower in the 10% OPLM diet and had the best FCR and average daily body weight gain of 11.36 and 80.37 g, respectively. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the groups on haematology and carcass characteristics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Therefore, OPLM can be included in the sheep diet up to 10% without compromising performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70581"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12381646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Gestational and Lactational Live Yeast Supplementation to Sows on Litter Performance, Colostrum and Milk Proteome Profiles.","authors":"Yuechi Fu, Venkatesh P Thirumalaikumar, Theresa M Casey, Timothy A Johnson, Jun Xie, Olayiwola Adeola, Kolapo M Ajuwon","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70580","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of dietary live yeast (LY) supplementation to sows during late gestation and lactation on sow and litter performance indices and colostrum and milk proteome profiles. On Day 77 of gestation, 20 sows were allotted to each of 2 dietary treatments: without (control) or with LY (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation at 0.05% of diet during gestation and 0.1% during lactation. Sow performance was recorded on Days 77 and 112 of gestation and Day 19 of lactation. Litter characteristics were recorded at birth and weaning. Colostrum and milk samples were collected on Days 0, 10 and 18 of lactation for shotgun proteomic analysis. Results showed that there was a higher abundance of immune-associated proteins such as Ig-like domain-containing protein and complement proteins (Complement C8 alpha chain and C1q domain-containing proteins) in the colostrum and IgG heavy chain in Day 10 milk of LY sows than control sows (p < 0.05), whereas the abundance of prostaglandin D synthase was greater in D10 milk of control sows than LY sows (p < 0.05). Additionally, milk fat globule EGF and factor V/VIII domain-containing protein and Niemann-Pick C2 were found to be more abundant in both Days 10 and 18 milk samples from LY sows (p < 0.05). Overall, these results showed that dietary gestational and lactational LY supplementation increased the abundance of immune-associated proteins in colostrum and proteins involved in lipid uptake and processing in mature milk.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70580"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Meat Quality and fibre Characteristics in Pigs Breeding in Cement Floor and Deep Litter Floor.","authors":"Min Yuan, Zhihao Cui, Yanan Sun, Jing Li, Li Xiaoxaio, Xiaohua Hong, Peishi Yan","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The quality of pork has become an increasing concern for consumers, yet the impacts of floor types on meat quality remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to compare the meat quality and muscle fibre characteristics of pigs raised on cement floors (CF) and deep litter floors (DF). Two large-scale pig farms were selected for the study: one with DF and one with CF. When pigs reached a body weight of 110 kg, six animals from each group were euthanized, and samples of the longissimus dorsi, psoas major muscle, and quadriceps femoris muscle were collected for analysis. The results showed that the meat of pigs raised on DF had significantly higher redness (p < 0.05) and drip loss (p < 0.0001) compared to those raised on CF. The concentration of glucose-6-phosphate (p < 0.05), lactic acid (p < 0.01), and glycolytic potential (p < 0.01) was significantly lower in DF pigs, while the concentration of glycogen (p < 0.01) was notably higher. Additionally, the cross-sectional area of longissimus dorsi was significantly higher in DF pigs (p < 0.001). Expression levels of MyHC-IIa (p < 0.05), MyHC-IIx (p < 0.05), and MyHC-1β (p < 0.05) were higher in DF pigs, while MyHC-IIb expression was significantly greater in CF pigs. These results suggest that raising pigs on DF enhances meat quality attributes such as redness, drip loss, and inosine acid and guanosine monophosphate content by modulating metabolic processes, enzyme activity, muscle fibre types, and MyHC gene expression. This study provides valuable insights into optimizing pig production systems for improved meat quality in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70590"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Phaseolus vulgaris lec- lpa as Alternative Protein Source on Growth Performances, Health Status, Faecal Minerals and Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglet's Diet.","authors":"Benedetta Canala, Sara Frazzini, Matteo Dell'Anno, Matteo Santoru, Irene Ferri, Francesca Sparvoli, Lucrezia Luciani, Bianca Castiglioni, Paola Cremonesi, Filippo Biscarini, Martina Ghidoli, Roberto Pilu, Luciana Rossi","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70597","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genetically modified soybean is largely used in animal feed and its massive cultivation affects the environmental sustainability of livestock and the dependency for the import in the European market.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the partial substitution of soybean meal with an innovative common bean genotype (Phaseolus vulgaris lec-lpa) with reduced content of anti-nutritional factors on zootechnical performance, gut microbiota modulation and faecal minerals in post-weaning piglets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen piglets were divided into a control group fed with a basal diet and a treatment group fed with a commercial diet in which 7.3% of soybean meal and 0.8% of soybean oil were replaced with 10% of P. vulgaris lec- lpa for 28 days. BW, ADG, ADFI and FCR were evaluated, and diarrhoea incidence was recorded. Evaluation of pH, nitrogen content, protein digestibility and mineral content was performed on faecal samples. Microbiota was analysed by rectal swabs samples. Blood serum metabolic profile was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The treatment group showed lower BW and ADG during the trial (p < 0.05), but the health status of the animals was preserved. The treatment group released lower levels of minerals in faeces when compared with the control group after 28 days (p < 0.05) suggesting a lower dispersion of faecal minerals in the environment. Significant Beta diversity index was observed at 14 and 28 days (p < 0.05). Roseburia and Butyricicoccus increased in treatment group at day 28 (p < 0.05). These genera are associated with SCFA production, contributing to the maintenance of intestinal integrity, promoting positive bacterial populations and limiting inflammatory phenomena.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, P. vulgaris lec- lpa could be a viable and sustainable alternative protein source to reduce the European protein gap, playing a potential role in microbiota modulation and faecal minerals release.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70597"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12435302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145065789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Microphthalmia in Three Central Asian Shepherd Dogs.","authors":"Reza Azargoun, Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Asl, Shokoufa Deldar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70494","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70494","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital eye malformations are uncommon and in some dog breeds, there is no evidence of their occurrence. This report aimed to describe the clinical and ultrasonographic findings of complex microphthalmia in Central Asian Shepherd dogs. Three 2-month-old female Central Asian Shepherd puppies from two litters were referred to our teaching hospital with the owner's complaint of eye abnormalities since birth. The puppies were alert on clinical examination, the vital signs were normal, and no other structural abnormalities were observed. In the ophthalmological assessments of all three dogs, the globe appeared bilaterally small and sunken in the orbit. In the ultrasound of the puppies' eyes, the lens thickness and axial length of the globe were greater and less than the values measured in the eyes of a healthy puppy of the same age and breed, respectively. Moreover, in all three puppies, the lenses were located in the vitreous chamber and displaced perpendicular to their natural axis. On the basis of this, bilateral complex microphthalmia and congenital ectopia lentis, two ocular malformations of unclear etiology, were diagnosed. Due to the possibility of an association between such malformations and a high grade of inbreeding in kennels, as well as environmental and genetic factors, these conditions can be limited by breeding efforts and pre-breeding screening plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12363404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Elecsys AMH Assay Is a Suitable Method to Detect Gonadal Tissue in Male Alpacas and Llamas.","authors":"Sait Sendag, Henrik Wagner, Ali Osman Turgut, Davut Koca, Gerhard Schuler, Axel Wehrend","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70558","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has become an important hormonal parameter for the detection of gonadal tissue and for the diagnosis of gonadal functions and pathologies. To our knowledge, there is currently no homologous test for AMH measurements in South American camelids (SACs). Therefore, the objective of the present study was to determine serum AMH concentrations in postpubertal male alpacas and, for the first time, in llamas, using the Elecsys AMH assay kit that has not previously been tested in these species. To obtain indications of the specificity of this method in SAC, measurements were carried out in male gelding in which concentrations below the detection limit were to be expected.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this context, 37 blood samples collected by jugular venipuncture from 21 alpacas and 16 llamas were used. The obtained blood was centrifuged at 3000 g for 20 min, and the serum was stored in Eppendorf tubes at -20°C until AMH concentrations were measurement. The measurement of AMH levels was conducted in a commercial diagnostic laboratory (Laboklin, Bad Kissingen, Germany) using the electrochemiluminescence immunoassay kit Elecsys AMH run on the fully automated Cobas e 601 analyser (Roche Diagnostics Deutschland GmbH, Mannheim). The AMH test had a minimum detection limit of 0.01 ng/mL and a maximum detection limit of 23 ng/mL. The intra-assay coefficient of variation is between 2.7% and 3.3%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blood serum AMH levels ranged between 4.10 and 22 ng/mL (median: 9.80 ng/mL) and 1.79 and 10.05 ng/mL (median: 4.00) in intact alpacas (age: 6.30 ± 2.71 years; n = 10) and llamas (age: 5.50 ± 4.34; n = 8), respectively, and were significantly different between samples obtained from the two species (p < 0.05). Correlation analyses regarding an age dependence of AMH concentrations yielded negative correlation coefficients for both species but non-significant p values (alpaca: r = -0.165, p = 0.649; llama: r = -0.547, p = 0.160). In alpaca (n = 11) and llama geldings (n = 8), blood serum AMH levels were below 0.01 ng/mL (p < 0.001). These results prove that the antibodies used in the Elecsys AMH assay significantly and specifically cross-react with SAC AMH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In gelding llamas and alpacas, AMH concentrations were below the limit of detection (<0.01 ng/mL), which was significantly lower compared to intact animals (p < 0.001). The Elecsys AMH assay is therefore considered a suitable method for detecting gonadal tissue in SAC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70558"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12359723/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}