Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Surgical Management of Foetal Maceration in a Domestic Shorthair Queen.","authors":"Md Rubayatul Islam, Rukaiya Mostasin, Md Sakib Ibna Obaid, Mohammad Raguib Munif","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70616","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foetal maceration is a pregnancy pathology occasionally observed in cats following intrauterine foetal death, characterised by septic decomposition of foetal tissues, resulting in the exposure of foetal bones. This report describes the clinical management of foetal maceration in a cat and scrutinizes the findings with relevant literature to inform practice. A domestic shorthair queen, over 1 year of age and in its third parity, was presented with prolonged gestation, abdominal distension, fetid vaginal discharge, anorexia and general weakness, accompanied by a history of abortion during its first pregnancy. Prior to presentation, the cat had been treated with oxytocin, although it failed to induce parturition. At presentation, no considerable changes were observed in the cat's primary clinical and haematobiochemical parameters. Clinical examinations indicated mild dehydration and palpable firm structures with associated pain in the abdominopelvic region. Abdominal radiography and ultrasonography confirmed the presence of foetal structures, while ultrasonography also indicated the absence of foetal movements and heartbeats. Laparotomy revealed gravid uterine horns devoid of foetal pulsations, and further ovariohysterectomy was conducted to address the condition. Upon incision of the excised uterine horns, two macerated foetuses, in an advanced stage of putrefaction, were identified. The queen recovered uneventfully following postoperative medications and management, with complete wound healing observed 3 weeks post-surgery. In brief, foetal maceration may result in prolonged gestation in cats and surgical intervention, such as ovariohysterectomy, can be an effective treatment option, particularly when breeding is not a priority, thereby preventing further uterine conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Investigation of Latanoprost's Effects on the Intraocular Pressure of Healthy Male guinea Pigs Under Light and Dark Regimes.","authors":"Arghavan Armin, Farnoosh Arfaee","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The current study aimed to investigate the effect of latanoprost on intraocular pressure (IOP) fluctuations of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) under different light and darkness regimes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>16 healthy adult American pigmented male guinea pigs (C. porcellus) were used for this study. A single drop of 0.005% latanoprost ophthalmic solution (Lataprost® Sina Daru, Tehran, Iran) was administered in the right eye of guinea pigs at 5:30, whereas the left eye received a placebo. The guinea pigs were restrained gently by the experimenter while avoiding extra pressure on the neck and eyelids. Then, the animals were randomly divided into two groups (Groups A and B). Although Group A (n = 8) was exposed to 12 + 0.5 h of light, Group B (n = 8) was kept in a dark room throughout the whole experiment. IOP measurements were performed using rebound tonometry (TonoVet®, iCare; Helsinki, Finland) at 6:00, 7:00, 8:00 and 9:00, followed by measurements at 12:00, 15:00 and 18:00. Statistical analyses were conducted using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA), but due to the small sample size and non-normal data distribution, non-parametric methods were employed, including the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test for pre- and post-treatment comparisons and the Mann-Whitney U Test for between-group differences (p-values <0.05 were considered significant).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IOP reduction in the treated eyes was greater in the guinea pigs in the dark after latanoprost instillation at 7:00 and 8:00 (-2.75 ± 1.49 and -1.37 ± 0.92 mmHg, respectively, p-value <0.05) compared to those in the light (-0.62 ± 2.13 and -0.37 ± 1.92 mmHg, p-value >0.05). Significant IOP reduction was also observed in the untreated eyes due to the systemic absorption of latanoprost.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reduction in IOP caused by 0.005% latanoprost was more pronounced in guinea pigs kept in darkness compared to the animal exposed to light, suggesting that the diurnal and nocturnal patterns of IOP fluctuations are clinically significant in ocular hypertension therapy and, thus, should be considered when applying ophthalmic hypotensive agents. The study of IOP in guinea pigs provides valuable insights into circadian variations in IOP, which could help optimize treatment protocols by tailoring latanoprost administration to align with peak efficacy periods, potentially improving glaucoma management and therapeutic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70560"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craniometric and Topographic Analysis of British Shorthair and Scottish Fold Cats Using Three-Dimensional Modelling.","authors":"Yeşim Aslan Kanmaz, Fatma İşbilir, Barış Can Güzel","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the craniometric and topographic measurements of the skull and mandible of British shorthair and Scottish fold cats using computed tomography and 3D software.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>For this purpose, in a total of 26 cats, 13 British shorthair (7 males and 6 females) and 13 (7 males and 6 females) Scottish fold cats were used in the study. The skulls were scanned with 64-detector multislice Siemens computed tomography devices at 80 kV, 200 MA, 639 mGY and 0.625 mm section thickness. The resulting images were saved in DICOM format. They were modelled and measured with 3D slicer software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study, surface area measurements were found to be statistically significant in both cat breeds (British shorthair: p < 0.01; Scottish fold: p < 0.05). However, in mandibular measurements, the CAP parameter was statistically significant only in Scottish fold cats (p < 0.01), whereas no significant difference was observed in British shorthair cats (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Craniometric and topographical measurements were performed in British shorthair and Scottish fold cats using a 3D model to reveal the differences between male and female. It will also guide the determination of taxonomic locations of these two species and the detection of morphometric differences between the sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70536"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12374551/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reestablishment of the Brown Dog Tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus (s.l.) in Chișinău, Moldova: A Case of Indoor Infestation.","authors":"Morozov Alexandr, Victorova Anna, Railean Nadejda, Toderas Ion","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70591","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The brown dog tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato) is the most widespread tick in the world and a well-recognized vector of numerous pathogens affecting dogs and occasionally humans. This tick is highly adapted to living in human dwellings and can remain active year-round even in some temperate regions. Due to its ability to reproduce indoors, R. sanguineus (s.l.) can establish populations in homes and kennels, leading to persistent infestations. In Moldova, however, R. sanguineus (s.l.) has been very rarely reported; since 1970, it was documented only once.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70591"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378561/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radial Mandibular Coronoidectomy in a Basset Hound as a Treatment for Temporomandibular Joint Dysplasia.","authors":"Elena Rappa, Bruno Santos, Marie-Pauline Maurin","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A -year-old Basset Hound, previously diagnosed with temporomandibular joint dysplasia, presented with a 6-month history of pain during mastication and frequent open-mouth locking episodes. Oral examination under sedation revealed displacement of the mandible to the left and jaw fixation in an open position. Computed tomography images of the head performed in open and closed positions before and after surgery were obtained. A left partial coronoidectomy was performed using a radial TPLO saw blade, removing bone impingement between the coronoid process and zygomatic arch. The dog was eating soft food a couple of hours after surgery, and no further open-mouth locking episodes or pain associated with mouth opening were reported up to one year postoperatively. Functional results were achieved using this technique, with a rapid patient recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70492"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Routinely Used Anticoccidials Against Eimeria tenella Field Isolates in Chicken: Bangladesh Perspective.","authors":"Bimal Chandra Karmakar, Nusrat Nowrin Shohana, Anita Rani Dey, Anisuzzaman, Sharmin Aqter Rony, Shirin Akter, Mohammad Zahangir Alam","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70579","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate anticoccidial drug efficacy against Eimeria tenella in chicken, seven different field isolates were experimented with in battery cages with five commonly used anticoccidials as manufacturer doses, like amprolium (1 g/L), maduramicin (5 ppm), sulphaclozine (2 g/L), toltrazuril (25 mg/L) and amprolium + sulphaquinoxaline (1 g/L). One hundred twelve birds of the Ross strain were raised on a rice husk-littered floor for the first 11 days with ad libitum water and anticoccidial-free feed, facilitating a standard environment. On Day 12, the birds were divided into seven experimental groups with 16 birds each, and the respective anticoccidials were started for Groups I-V and continued up to 7 days post-infection. Each bird was infected with 7.5 × 10⁴ sporulated oocysts of E. tenella field isolates on Day 14. Global index (GI) was calculated by weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), lesion score, oocyst index and mortality, followed by calculation of %GI_NNC to determine the drug efficacy. Data obtained on various parameters were analysed using ANOVA, and the mean values were compared using the Duncan multiple range test through SPSS. The findings revealed that toltrazuril is the best among the experimental drugs, whereas amprolium and sulphaquinoxaline combination holds second place in terms of efficacy. However, the resistance of sulphaclozine was evident in all the isolates, whereas maduramicin showed limited efficacy to partial resistance against caecal coccidiosis. The study strongly recommends toltrazuril against chicken coccidiosis followed by amprolium but highly suggests avoiding long-term use to maintain drug efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70579"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Performance of Four Serological Assays for Bovine Brucellosis and Optimised Cutoff Thresholds in an Endemic Region of Iran.","authors":"Faranak Abnaroodheleh, Fereshteh Ansari, Youcef Shahali, Maryam Dadar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70566","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brucellosis is a severe zoonotic infection impacting dairy cattle, requiring accurate diagnostic assays for efficient control programs. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Alborz Province, Iran, to assess the diagnostic efficacy of four serological tests for Brucella detection. One thousand serum samples were obtained from dairy cattle and analysed over 1 year of age. Furthermore, milk specimens from seropositive cows were cultured for bacteriological analysis. Serological testing detected Brucella antibodies in 33% of samples using RBT, 19.4% by SAT, 17.6% by 2-ME and 33.5% by I-ELISA. Bacterial culture detected Brucella spp. in 16.6% of seropositive milk samples, with all isolates classified as Brucella abortus biovar 3. Statistical methods were used to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of each test. Bayesian latent class analysis revealed that I-ELISA demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy for Brucella infection in dairy cattle, with superior sensitivity and specificity. In contrast, SAT and 2-ME exhibited high specificity but lower sensitivity, while RBT showed moderate sensitivity with low specificity. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed based on the results obtained from the Bayesian latent class analysis to further evaluate the diagnostic performance of the tests. Furthermore, the ROC curve analysis showed that SAT and 2-ME displayed strong concordance with RBT. The ideal threshold for SAT and 2-ME titers was established at 5.00, optimising sensitivity and specificity. Cohen's kappa analysis assessed agreement levels, revealing that RBT demonstrated the highest concordance with I-ELISA. The results indicate that although RBT offers a simple screening approach, its sensitivity constraints require validation by I-ELISA. A significant portion of infected animals (20%) might be undetected using RBT. These findings underscore the need for various serological assays to identify brucellosis in endemic areas accurately.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70566"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12352339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Meloxicam on the Pharmacokinetics of Cefquinome in Endotoxemic Sheep.","authors":"Muhittin Uslu, Orhan Corum, Enver Yazar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70462","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of meloxicam on the pharmacokinetics of cefquinome in experimental endotoxemic sheep. In addition, the MIC of cefquinome was determined against Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Mannheimia haemolytica.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was carried out on six sheep in three periods according to a longitudinal pharmacokinetic design. Cefquinome (2.5 mg/kg, IV, CFQ) was administered in the first period, cefquinome+meloxicam (1 mg/kg, IV, CFQ+MLX) in the second period, and lipopolysaccharide (20 µg/kg, IV, LPS+CFQ+MLX)+meloxicam+cefquinome in the third period. Plasma cefquinome concentrations were assayed using HPLC-UV, and pharmacokinetic data were calculated by a two-compartment open model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following a single IV injection of cefquinome, the t_1/2β, V_dss, and Cl_T values were 1.12 h, 0.21 L/kg, and 0.17 L/h/kg, respectively. The t_1/2β was prolonged from 1.12 to 2.79 h in the LPS+CFQ+MLX group. While V_dss was increased (from 0.21 to 0.36 L/kg) in the LPS+CFQ+MLX group, Cl_T decreased (from 0.17 to 0.10 L/h/kg) in the CFQ+MLX and LPS+CFQ+MLX groups. The MICs of cefquinome were 0.031 to 0.063 µg/mL for E. coli, M. haemolytica, and K. pneumoniae and 0.016 to 1 µg/mL for P. multocida. At a 12 h dosing interval, the CFQ, CFQ+MLX, and LPS+CFQ+MLX groups attained a T > MIC ratio of 40% for bacteria with MIC values of ≤ 0.50, ≤ 1, and ≤ 1 µg/mL, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results indicate that combined administration of meloxicam alters the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of cefquinome in experimental endotoxemic sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70462"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12409652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Effect of Ultraviolet Light Treatment on Enterobacterales and Salmonella spp. in Raw Chicken Products.","authors":"Nuray Gamze Yörük","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70577","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of UV-C light (254-nm wavelength, minimum intensity 0.573 mW/cm²) on the presence of Salmonella spp. and the counts of Enterobacterales in various raw chicken parts. Salmonella spp. was initially detected in 16 out of 20 samples. Following UV-C treatment, the prevalence of Salmonella spp. positive samples progressively decreased with 13 positive samples remaining after 3 h and further reduction to seven samples after 6 h of exposure. Complete inactivation of Salmonella spp. was observed following after 9, 12, and 24 h of UV-C application, ensuring microbiological safety in accordance with food safety standards. Additionally, Enterobacterales counts also showed significant reductions, particularly between 6 and 12 h of UV-C treatment. These findings highlight UV-C light as a promising intervention for mitigating foodborne pathogens in poultry products, with potential for practical applications in food safety systems. Further research with a larger number of samples is recommended to optimize UV-C treatment for controlling foodborne pathogens in poultry food products.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70577"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12410092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144993376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Fig Seed Meal as a New Alternative Feed Source in Quails: Effect on Growth Performance, Carcass Characteristics, Antioxidant Capacity and Serum Biochemistry.","authors":"Mehmet Irmak, Muzaffer Denli, Nurhan Şahin, Tuncay Tufan, Kıvanç Irak, Veysi Kayri, Özgür Yaşar Çelik, Cahit Özcan, Hasan Hüseyin Ipçak","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to evaluate the potential of fig seed meal (FSM), which contains approximately 20% crude protein (CP) and provides 2106 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy (ME), as an alternative protein source in the diets of broiler Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). One hundred sixty 1-day-old mixed-sex quails were divided into four groups, each with four replicates, and fed diets containing 0% (control), 2.5%, 5.0% and 10.0% FSM for 35 days. Weekly growth performance parameters were recorded, and carcass characteristics and blood biochemical parameters were analysed at the end of the trial. Including up to 10% FSM did not affect feed intake (FI) (p > 0.05), but linear, quadratic and cubic effects were observed in body weight gain (BWG). Adding up to 5% FSM resulted in growth performance similar to the control group, whereas the 10% FSM diet significantly reduced BWG. FSM levels influenced the feed conversion ratio (FCR) linearly, quadratically and cubically, with a decline observed at levels above 5%. In female quails, 5% FSM increased breast and thigh weights, whereas in males, it reduced carcass yield and intestinal weight. There were no statistically significant differences in other carcass traits among the groups. Serum biochemical parameters and oxidant/antioxidant balance were not adversely affected by FSM inclusion up to 5%. In conclusion, using FSM up to 5% did not negatively impact growth performance, but higher inclusion levels reduced performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70533"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12374550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}