Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Ultrasound-assisted minimally invasive technique for tissue collection from bovine mammary glands.","authors":"Alysia L Vang,Waneska S Frizzarini,Haylee H Webster,Thiago O Cunha,Kathryn M Nelson,Joao R R Dorea,Laura L Hernandez","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70027","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND AND AIMSThe objective of this case report was to describe an ultrasound-guided, minimally invasive method for longitudinal mammary gland tissue collection from the bovine species.MATERIALS AND METHODSBiopsies were performed on 14 8-week-old calves and 113 10-week-old calves. A subset of 36 animals had repeated mammary gland biopsies through the first lactation. Mammary gland biopsies were performed using a disposable biopsy punch. The technique was also performed on multiparous cows on other independent research trials.RESULTSOne-hundred and thirteen animals healed from the 10-week biopsies with no complications. Of the 36 animals that received repeated biopsies, one developed mastitis due to premature suture removal and one had recurring mastitis in all quarters. Thirty-three animals underwent all biopsies during gestation. Thirty of the original 36 are currently in lactation and still undergoing repeated biopsies. The method has also been successfully replicated on multiparous cows in separate studies.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONThe described technique is a safe, reliable method for cattle mammary gland biopsies beginning at eight weeks of age and can be utilized to obtain repeated tissue collection from individual animals. The technique is also straightforward to perform and utilizes simple tools while providing acceptable amounts of tissue for most applications, with low risk for infection and long-term tissue damage.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"23 1","pages":"e70027"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of bovine fasciolosis and direct financial losses in cattle slaughtered in Bamenda and Bafoussam abattoirs, Western Highlands, Cameroon.","authors":"Heinendez Merrius Atanga,Ngum Helen Ntonifor,Oumar Mahamat","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70002","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDBovine fascioliasis is a parasitic disease that affects cattle. It leads to direct and indirect great economic loss due to animal mortalities, growth retardation and expenditure on anthelmintics, reduction livestock productivity and essentially condemnation of infected liver by inspection service. The study was carried out to determine the seasonal prevalence and estimated financial losses of fascioliasis in cattle in the Western Highlands of Cameroon.METHODOLOGYA total of 2167 cattle were selected. Later, the cattle, have being the carcasses, were dissected, and the livers were dissected and carefully examined for adult liver flukes. Faeces were collected immediately after the cattle were killed and examined using the formol-ether concentration technique. Condemned livers were weighted to estimate the financial losses using the average price of a kilogram of liver.RESULTSA total 428 of cattle were found with infected livers or egg in the faeces giving a total prevalence of 19.75%. Among the infected carcass, 18.64% had both the Fasciola eggs in the faeces and flukes in the liver while 1.10% had only flukes in the liver. Results revealed that prevalence of Fasciola spp. was significantly higher during the rainy season (23.48%) than 16% in the dry season (p = 0.00). A significantly (p = 0.000) higher prevalence was also observed in females (33.9%) than in males (13.1%). Age range showed significant (p = 0.000) influence with the animals of 8-10 years old recorded the highest prevalence of 39.3%. Furthermore, 433.1 kg of liver was condemned giving a direct financial loss of 1221,550 FCFA (2049.64 USD) and an annual financial loss due to liver condemnation estimated to 1814,775 (3045.01 USD).CONCLUSIONFindings of this study indicated that bovine fascioliasis is prevalent in cattle in the Western Highlands of Cameroon, and it leads to an important financial loss particularly in the rainy season.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"17 1","pages":"e70002"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case Report on Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma in an Indigenous Dog.","authors":"Farjana Akter, Md Zillur Rahman, Mohammad Mahbubur Rahman, Bristy Dhar Nandita, Md Foisal Shikder, Md Piar Rahaman Shihab, Monoar Sayeed Pallab","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 12 years-old, male indigenous dog was presented to Shahedul Alam Qaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital (SAQTVH) in Chattogram, Bangladesh with a large tumour on its right front leg. The histopathological findings of the tumour were highly suggestive of an alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS). The tumour was surgically removed from the dog. While there had been no recurrence for 5 months, the patient died 5 months post-operatively. The cause of the death and presence of metastasis could not be confirmed as follow-up investigations were declined by the owner. A histopathological study showed poorly differentiated neoplastic mononuclear cells forming nests in an alveolar pattern. Despite that the limited resources prevented myogenin staining for diagnostic confirmation, the well-contained, defined appearance of the tumour supports the diagnosis of ARMS. This report highlights the challenges in diagnosing and treating ARMS in indigenous dogs and emphasizes the need for further research and diagnostic markers to improve detection and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris) Essential Oil on Bacterial Growth and Expression of Some Virulence Genes in Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis.","authors":"Mohammad Hassanzadeh, Sara Mirzaie, Faezeh Rahimi Pirmahalle, Ramak Yahyaraeyat, Jamshid Razmyar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70088","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The investigation on natural antimicrobial compounds against zoonotic pathogens has gained more attention due to the public health concerns regarding the emergence of antimicrobial resistance.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The current study aimed to assess the effects of thyme essential oil at sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) on bacterial growth and expression of some virulence genes in Salmonella enteritidis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The bacterial growth rate and the expression of four virulence genes in S. enteritidis during 18-72 h of exposure to the essential oil at 25%-75% MIC were evaluated via colony counting and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sub-inhibitory concentrations of thyme essential oil significantly reduced the growth rate compared to the control. Expression of all tested virulence genes was also reduced by the essential oil in a significant dose- and time-dependent manner. As an example, decreased down-regulation of hilA, spv, sefA and invA as 1.7-, 4.14-, 2.92- and 1.04-fold in 25% MIC and 6.42-, 7.81-, 4.4- and 3.75-fold in 75% MIC was observed, respectively, after 24 h of incubation. Likewise, levels of transcription for hilA, spv, sefA and invA were reduced 4.75-, 6.95-, 3.75- and 2.98-fold after 18 h and 9.54-, 8.81-, 5.65- and 4.77-fold, respectively, after 72 h in 75% MIC compared to the control.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>According to our data, aside from the growth inhibitory effect of thyme essential oil, the results of current study highlight the potential of thyme for reducing the transcriptional level of virulence genes and therefore the pathogenicity of S. enteritidis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70088"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Influence on the Impact of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) on Testicular Haemodynamics and Hormonal Responses in Canines: A Comparative Study.","authors":"Behnam Nadali, Arman Abdous, Nima Karami, Mohammad Jokar, Ourang Ataie Amarloie, Mehran Farhoodi","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70117","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is widely used to treat reproductive dysfunction by enhancing testicular blood flow and stimulating hormonal activity. This study investigates the seasonal variations in the response to hCG treatment in male dogs, focusing on its effects on testicular blood flow and plasma concentrations of testosterone and oestrogen. Conducted across different seasons (spring, summer, fall and winter), the study utilised colour Doppler ultrasonography to measure testicular haemodynamics and analysed hormonal levels at multiple time points post-hCG injection. The findings revealed that the response to hCG is modulated by seasonal factors, with significant variations in both blood flow and hormone levels. A significant negative relationship was indicated between testicular blood flow and testosterone levels, particularly during spring and summer. These results suggest that seasonality should be considered when administering hCG for reproductive treatments in canines.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70117"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11558201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological, Histopathological, and Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mandibular Fibrosarcoma in a DSH Cat: A Case Report.","authors":"Mahmood Ahmadi-Hamedani, Hamid Reza Moslemi, Sahar Ghaffari Khaligh, Mehdi Sedghi, Kimia Sattari","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 4-year-old white male DSH cat was presented to the Veterinary Hospital on 18 December 2023, with a history of lethargy, loss of appetite, and salivation. During the inspection of the oral cavity, unilateral swelling was observed on the ventral side of the jaw. Before any therapeutic intervention, a cell blood count (CBC) test and FNA cytology were conducted. A five-day course of adjunctive treatment, including ceftriaxone (5.5 mg/kg via IV) and clindamycin (25 mg/kg via IV), was given due to a suspicion of infection. Pantoprazole, metoclopramide (administered at 1 mg/kg via IV and IM), and duphalyte 500 mL (10 mL/kg IV) were used concurrently to alleviate nausea and stimulate appetite. Following a lack of improvement, a radical excision procedure was performed on tooth number 304 after the 5-day treatment to excise the mass for histopathology and immunohistochemical analysis. The observation of mitotic bodies, pleomorphism, necrosis, and haemorrhage were consistent with malignancy, and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was suspected. Immunohistochemical staining was positive for the vimentin marker, the S-100 protein, and desmin. This report describes a rare case of oral fibrosarcoma in a DSH cat in Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522830/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Survey Study on Management Practices Associated With Voluntary Waiting Period and Its Effects on Reproductive Performance of dairy cows in Iranian Dairy Farms.","authors":"Behnaz Mirzaie, Ali Sadeghi-Sefidmazgi, Mahdi Zhandi","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70107","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Voluntary waiting period (VWP), housing systems and the presence of a veterinarian are effective factors on reproductive performance of a dairy farm.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the management practices associated with VWP and its effects on reproductive performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 136,943 records of 21,756 cows that calved between 1990 and 2013 were used. A questionnaire was also conducted with the farms involved to determine if they adjust the timing of insemination based on the body condition score (BCS) of the cows, postpartum health situation (PPHS) or environmental factors such as heat stress and season. The impact of changing the VWP selectively, the presence of a veterinarian and the type of barn on reproductive outcomes like days open (DO), number of services per conception (NSPC) and days to first service (DFS) was examined using a linear mixed model. This model considered animals and herds as random factors and management practices as fixed factors in the analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among herds that reported altering the VWP based on heat stress, DFS significantly increased (61.68 ± 0.68 vs. 58.4 ± 0.83) while DO (119.70 ± 1.86 vs. 126.9 ± 2.29) and NSPC (1.98 ± 0.04 vs. 2.48 ± 0.05) reduced compared to herds that did not alter the VWP. Our results showed that farms with a full-time veterinarian had a better reproductive performance than those with part-time care (p < 0.05). Housing system was significantly associated with fertility traits, so that cows in free-stall barns were more fertile than those kept in open-shed barns.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The obtained results from this study indicated that management decisions to selectively altering the VWP led to difference in DFS and improved reproductive performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Identification, Histopathology and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profiling of Aeromonas veronii Isolated from Oreochromis niloticus in Bangladesh.","authors":"Sayed Mashequl Bari, Mohammad Muttakinul Islam, Aktia Amina, Marufa Khatun, A M Shahabuddin","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is the most widely cultured freshwater fish species in Bangladesh and worldwide. However, commercial tilapia culture systems face increasing challenges from bacterial infections.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to identify the bacterial isolates from infected tilapia in an intensive cage culture farm located along the Shitalakshya River in Bangladesh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Infected fish samples were collected and underwent comprehensive clinical and post-mortem investigations, followed by phenotypic, biochemical and molecular identification of the bacterial isolates, as well as histopathological and antibiotic susceptibility examinations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Phenotypic and biochemical characterization showed similarities of the -collected isolates with Aeromonas veronii. Moreover, molecular analysis of the bacterial conserved region 16S rRNA also confirmed these isolates as A. veronii. The analysed 16S rRNA sequence (GenBank accession no. PP832815) showed a close relationship (100% identity) with A. veronii from China (GenBank accession no. MT071624) in the NCBI BLAST search, and in the phylogenetic tree, they grouped in a single clade. This close genetic relationship is also supported by the low genetic distance between the isolates. Histopathological analysis revealed gross pathological changes like necrosis, hypertrophy and inflammation in muscle tissues. The isolates were found to be sensitive to multiple antibiotics but resistant to trimethoprim and sulphamethoxazole.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study investigated the presence of A. veronii infection in tilapia (O. niloticus) in an intensive cage culture farm in Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Radiological and Anatomical Features of Cervical Vertebrae in Adult Persian Cat.","authors":"Peghah Derakhshi, Siamak Alizadeh, Mohammadreza Hosseinchi","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Radiographic studies of Persian cat's cervical vertebrae can provide us with valuable information used in identifying its anatomical features, investigating various species of Persian cats and evaluating their cervical pathologies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study aimed to investigate the anatomical and radiological features of cervical vertebrae in Persian cats to create a comprehensive and accurate reference for the normal range of cervical bones and joints that can be used for clinical decision-making and interpretation of radiographic findings in these cats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present descriptive-cross-sectional study included 10 adult Persian cats, including 5 males and 5 females. All cats underwent radiography in the dorsoventral, ventrodorsal, left lateral and right lateral recumbency. Then, anatomical investigations were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to our findings, Persian cats were different from other cat species in some cervical vertebral characteristics, which can be suggested as comparative anatomy in these species. The most important differences were as follows: the C3 and C7 had the lowest and highest spinous process height (SPH), respectively. The atlas had the highest transverse process width (TPW), which was significantly different with other cervical vertebrae (p ≤ 0.05). Moreover, the cervical vertebrae were not significantly different in vertical diameter of cranial vertebral foramen (VDCrVF) and transverse diameter of cranial vertebral foramen (TDCrVF) (p ≤ 0.05). The caudal surface of the atlantic vertebral arch had two dorsal and ventral tubercles. Also, the ventral crest of the axis was quite indistinct in the cranial part while becoming prominent in the caudal part. The C3 spinous process was a wide, small tubercle, while the C7 spinous process was extended vertically. Finally, the C6 transverse processes had a large ventrocranial tubercle forming a sagittal plate with cranial and caudal parts separated by a notch.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The accurate and comprehensive standard ranges obtained from the present study can be used for the interpretation of imaging results, clinical decision-making, and finding the normal and abnormal sizes of the cervical vertebrae and their processes in Persian cats.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11549373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Salmonella spp. Recovered From Migratory and Captive Wild Birds.","authors":"Ruhena Begum, Nilima Akther Asha, Diponkar Chandra Chanda Dipu, Milton Roy, Asikur Rahman, Md Shahidur Rahman Chowdhury, Hemayet Hossain, Md Rafiqul Islam, Md Bashir Uddin, Md Mahfujur Rahman, Md Mukter Hossain","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70102","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Salmonella spp., especially those are resistant to extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), are considered as major concern to global health due to their emergence and dissemination.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the virulence and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profile of Salmonella spp. from migratory and captive wild birds.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total 262 faecal samples were collected, and the identification of Salmonella spp. was carried out using a standard culture and PCR as well as molecular detection of virulence and AMR genes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of Salmonella was determined to be 30.92% (95% CI = 25.63-36.75). Migratory birds exhibited highest prevalence (38.10%), whereas wild birds in captivity showed a lower prevalence (23.40%). The agfA gene was detected at a higher rate at 24.69%. Salmonella spp. exhibited 100% resistance to tetracycline, followed by 58% ampicillin and 46% streptomycin. In addition, there was a resistance rate to ceftriaxone of 17% and to colistin sulphate of 25%. Interestingly, levofloxacin alone displayed 100% sensitivity across all isolates, while ciprofloxacin and azithromycin showed 73% and 64% sensitivity, respectively. The MAR index was 0.25 and 0.42, and 74.07% of all isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR). It was shown that migratory and captive wild birds contained ESBL genes blaTEM (94.34% and 49.06%) and blaSHV (13.33% and 10%), respectively. Genes responsible for sulphonamide (sul1) resistance were detected in 13.33% and 79% of wild and migratory birds, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Salmonella has been found in captive wild and migratory birds and could act as reservoirs for the transmission of MDR and ESBL bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}