Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Morphometric and Molecular Characterization of Fasciola spp. in Livestock From Northwestern Provinces of Iran.","authors":"Hossein Galavani, Saber Raeghi, Mehdi Karamian, Negin Torabi, Ali Haniloo","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Liver flukes from the genus Fasciola are the causative agents for human and livestock fascioliasis. Accurate identification of Fasciola spp. is essential to understanding the epidemiology of fascioliasis. This study aimed to determine the morphometric and molecular characterization of Fasciola spp. in livestock from Northwestern provinces of Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five hundred adult Fasciola flukes were obtained from different definitive hosts (cattle, sheep, goats, and buffaloes) in four local abattoirs in the northwestern provinces of Iran (West-Azerbaijan, East-Azerbaijan, Ardabil, and Zanjan) from September 2021 to August 2022. All samples were examined by morphometric criteria; then, 49 samples were identified using PCR-RFLP based on ITS1 region and 23 sequence of isolates analyzed by cox1 marker. PCR-RFLP methods compared morphometric results, and cox1 gene sequences were used to confirm PCR-RFLP results and phylogenetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The differences between the body length, body width, cephalic cone length, cephalic cone width, body area, and distance between the ventral sucker and posterior end of the body in two species were significant (p < 0.05). Based on the morphometric criteria, 139 samples (27.8%) were identified as Fasciola gigantica and 361 (72.2%) as Fasciola hepatica. Similarly, PCR-RFLP analysis of ITS1 region confirmed morphometric results. No hybrid forms of Fasciola were detected. Partial sequences of cox1 showed 13 variable sites with eight haplotypes in F. hepatica and 12 variable sites with five haplotypes in F. gigantica.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of this study, the PCR-RFLP method can be used to confirm the morphological method of Fasciola species, but it is insufficient to study their genetic diversity. Also, sequences of cox1 results of the present study showed that F. hepatica and F. gigantica species in the Northern provinces of Iran have different genetic structures and haplotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70097"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11519990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Housing Systems on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Tonic Immobility and Feather Score in Laying Hens.","authors":"Mert Erek, Erdal Matur","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70112","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was designed to investigate the effects of different housing systems on production performance, egg quality and welfare in laying hens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and twenty 42-week-old \"Atak S\" laying hens, purchased from a manufacturing company, were randomly assigned to 4 housing systems: conventional cages, furnished cages, deep-litter system and free-range. Each system housed 30 hens, which were kept in these systems for 6 weeks. Parameters regarding production performance, egg quality, plumage condition scores and tonic immobility were assessed at the end of the housing period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Egg production and egg mass were lower in cage-free rearing systems than in caged systems. Mean egg weight in free-range hens, and albumen height and Haugh unit in deep-litter hens, were lower than in other housing systems. Eggshell weight in hens housed in furnished cages was greater than in free-range hens, while eggshell strength was better compared to that of hens in conventional cages. The housing system did not impact fearfulness; however, the deep-litter housing increased the sensitivity to touch or capture. Whole body and regional plumage condition scores of free-range hens elicited more favourable results than those kept in conventional cages. Because the plumage condition indicates welfare, the results proved the superiority of free-range over conventional rearing regarding welfare.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Concerning the parameters, such as egg production, animal welfare and fear level, overall data revealed the pros and cons of all housing systems investigated. We consider that this study's findings might contribute to the researchers and breeders seeking alternative housing for laying hens.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sperm Cryopreservation in Canaries to Protect Endangered Songbird Species: Comparison of Different Cryoprotectants.","authors":"Arda Onur Özkök, Burcu Esin, Eser Akal","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sperm cryopreservation is a rather complex process that needs to be adapted to wild and domestic bird species to ensure adequate efficiency. This study aimed to determine the usability of different cryoprotectants in the cryopreservation of Gloster canary sperm. For this purpose, sperm samples were collected from 12 2-year-old male Gloster canaries three times a week using cloacal massage for 4 weeks. After individual evaluation, sperm samples from the canaries were combined. Mixed sperm were divided into two groups in the study. Overall, 8% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethylene glycol (EG) were used as cryoprotectants. Sperm samples were drawn into straws after adding Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) extender with high glucose ratio and two different cryoprotectants in a 1:1 ratio and frozen to -80°C with liquid nitrogen vapour and then stored in liquid nitrogen at -196°C. Frozen-thawed semen samples were evaluated regarding motility, vitality, plasma membrane integrity (hypoosmotic swelling test [HOST]), density and abnormal spermatozoa rate. The highest motility value after freezing and thawing was determined in the EG group with 31.667% ± 4.773%. In addition, vitality, plasma membrane integrity and normal sperm morphology were statistically significantly higher in the EG-frozen group, whereas head and tail abnormality was low (p < 0.05). This study determined that a DMEM extender containing 8% EG was more advantageous than a DMEM containing DMSO regarding spermatological parameters and could be used for long-term storage of canary sperm.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11522817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimising Growth, Immunity, and Gene Expression in Broiler Chickens Through Dietary Threonine Levels and Oil Inclusion.","authors":"Mohamed I El-Katcha, Mosaad A Soltan, Heba I Ghamry, Abeer F El-Nahas, Laila A Al-Shuraym, Ostan Mihaela, Rada Olga, Rasha E Azab, Ahmed Abdeen, Mustafa Shukry, Set A El-Shobokshy","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70046","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The inclusion of synthetic amino acids in poultry nutrition plays a crucial role in both enhancing the synthesis of immunoglobulins and elevating the overall comprehensiveness of the amino acid profile.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This research examined the effects of consuming threonine (Thr) in various forms levels with low or high oil on broiler chickens' growth and immunity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigate the growth performance, feed efficiency, immune response, intestinal morphology, absorptive capacity, and expression of some genes related to the feed intake (Pro-opiomelanocortin [POMC]), fatty acid synthesis (Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase [ACC]), immunity (lipopolysaccharide-induced tumour necrosis like alpha factor [LITAF]), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Eight groups of chicks were used, including four dietary Thr levels (100%, 115%, 130%, or 145%) with two oil levels (mixture of sunflower 50% and soybean oils 50%): (control) and high.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The higher dietary Thr level (145%) with high oil inclusion significantly increased ACC and POMC gene expression, resulting in the lowest feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), and liver fat content. Combining high oil with 115% Thr was the optimum for the broilers. The birds have significant (p ≤ .05) growth performance, immune parameters, and intestinal health, as well as the lowest expression of ACC, POMC, HSP70, and LITAF, which was reflected in better feed conversion ratio and lower incidence of fatty liver, thermo-resistance, and immune status of the birds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of high oil and 115% Thr levels optimises broiler health and productivity, enhancing growth, immune function, and gut health. This diet lowers the expression of genes associated with fatty liver and stress, leading to better feed efficiency, thermo-resistance, and overall well-being. Adopting these dietary adjustments can improve broiler performance and economic viability in poultry farming by enhancing essential productivity metrics.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70046"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11538270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of cinnamon, rosemary and oregano on growth performance, blood biochemistry, liver enzyme activities, excreta microbiota and ileal morphology of Campylobacter jejuni-challenged broiler chickens.","authors":"Zahra Alimohammadi,Hassan Shirzadi,Kamran Taherpour,Enayat Rahmatnejad,Ali Khatibjoo","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70034","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUNDPhytogenic additives would be helpful to mitigate the detrimental impact of Campylobacter jejuni on broiler chickens.OBJECTIVEThe experiment aimed to assess the effects of cinnamon, rosemary and oregano powder on physiological responses of broiler chickens challenged with C. jejuni from 0 to 42 days of age.METHODSA total of 192 one-day-old male broiler chickens were divided into 6 treatment groups. The treatments included: negative control (NC; basal diet without additives and no C. jejuni challenge), positive control (PC; basal diet with C. jejuni challenge), PC with cinnamon, rosemary or oregano powder (3 g/kg each), and PC with Erythromycin (55 mg/kg). Except for the NC group, all chicks were orally challenged with 2 × 108 CFU/mL C. jejuni daily from days 21-25. Feed intake, body weight gain (BWG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), energy efficiency ratio (EER) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were assessed during the rearing period (0-42 days). On day 42 of age, fresh excreta samples were collected from each pen to determine apparent dry matter digestibility and excreta microbiota. In addition, at the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected to evaluate blood profile and liver enzyme activities.RESULTSC. jejuni challenge (PC treatment) decreased BWG, EER and PER, while increasing FCR of broiler chickens (p < 0.05), whereas rosemary, oregano and Erythromycin improved these performance parameters akin to NC. PC diet showed negative effect in ileal morphology, alleviated by additives except cinnamon (p < 0.05). Dietary additives successfully reduced Campylobacter levels and increased Lactobacilli counts in the PC. Rosemary and oregano lowered plasma total cholesterol (p < 0.05). Alanine aminotransferase elevation by C. jejuni challenge in the PC group was prevented by rosemary, oregano and Erythromycin (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSOregano and rosemary alleviate the impact of C. jejuni challenge.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"188 1","pages":"e70034"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Associated With Missing Biological Samples in the Dog Ageing Project.","authors":"Sydney N Holland, Amanda K Tinkle, Jena N Prescott, Brianna L Blattman, Robyn L McClelland, Yunbi Nam, Kate E Creevy, Virginia R Fajt","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70113","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Dog Aging Project (DAP) is a longitudinal study examining aging in US companion dogs, where missing data pose a challenge to result validity and statistical power. Early recognition and procedural adjustments are vital to address missing samples.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This research assesses missing biospecimen samples within the PRECISION cohort of the DAP, aiming to identify contributing factors and propose mitigation strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety sample kits collected between August 2021 and October 2021 were evaluated for the missingness of individual kit components. A primary assessment reviewed the missingness of each sample type with hypothesized associated factors. A secondary assessment addressed the missingness of plasma and serum aliquots made after check-in.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EDTA samples for flow cytometry, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), DNA and biobanking were missing at rates of 18.9%, 13.3%, 6.7% and 5.6%, respectively. Faecal samples were missing at 5.6%. Urine and plasma were each missing at 2.2%. Serum, hair and dried blood spot cards were each missing at 1.1%. No statistically significant difference in missingness was seen across regions, ease of blood collection, or cooperativeness of dog during sample collection. Higher time-to-receipt was associated with a higher missingness proportion. Increasing missingness proportions were seen across plasma and serum aliquots that were created in sequential order.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests reevaluating sample collection instructions to address frequently missing sample types and prevent further loss. Investigation into collection procedures for these types is recommended to identify potential causes of sample yield loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70113"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11554544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142629058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis-Based Carbon Dots Platform for Remarkable Analgesia for Clinical Pain Management.","authors":"Huimin Peng, Xingxing Zeng, Songbai Li, Xin Wang","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we explored the eco-friendly synthesis of photoluminescent CCDs employing a direct one-step pyrolysis process, utilizing natural Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis as the precursor material and studied their analgesic effect in mice. The synthesized carbon dots underwent comprehensive characterization through a range of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. These included UV-Vis, FTIR, fluorescence spectroscopy and HR-TEM, DLS instruments. HR-TEM results exhibited the presence of homogenous spherical-shaped C-dots of about 3.3 nm without aggregates. Furthermore, the prepared CCDs were studied for their in vivo analgesic effect in mice by performing tail-immersion, hot plate and acetic acid writhing tests. Also, an MTT assay was performed to assess the in vitro cytotoxicity of CCDs against L929 cells. In vitro cytotoxicity studies revealed that L929 cells exhibited higher cell viability when treated with prepared CCDs. The cellular uptake studies revealed the phase contrast images of MG-63 cells at wavelength 488 nm clearly depicted the aggregation of green, fluorescent CCDs within the cells while leaving nuclei unobscured. In addition, to the best of our understanding, the results presented in this paper showed that CCDs exhibited an important analgesic effect and enhanced anti-nociceptive activity, which may be due to stimulation of the opioidergic system. Consequently, CCDs appear to be a viable analgesic alternative for traditional analgesic candidates in pain management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"10 6","pages":"e70090"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and associated risk factors of Cryptosporidium infection in calves and hospitalized humans in Libo Kemkem, North Western Ethiopia","authors":"Habtamu Tamrat, Yemane Tekle, Mussie Hailemelekot, Negus Belayneh","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70040","url":null,"abstract":"Background<jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection is one of the major causes of acute gastroenteritis and diarrhoea caused by a protozoan parasite affecting vertebrates and humans. The disease is prevalent in cases of immunocompromised individuals. Despite the impact of the diseases in calf and hospitalized humans, well‐documented studies are not available in the study area.ObjectivesThe objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in calves and hospitalized humans and assess the major associated risk factors associated with <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in calves and hospitalized humans.MethodA cross‐sectional study was conducted from November 2020 to March 2021 on calf and human <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in Libo Kemkem District, North West Ethiopia. A total of 193 calves and 122 human stool samples admitted to the hospital were used for this study. Three kebeles were selected purposely, and individual calves were selected using a simple random sampling method. A number of sampled calves were allocated proportionally to the selected kebeles. Human samples were collected using a systematic random sampling method. Faecal and stool samples were examined using a modified Ziehl–Neelsen staining method.ResultThe overall prevalence of calf and human <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection found in this study was 15.5% and 11.5%, respectively. Age of calf, breed, body condition, water source, faecal consistency and hygienic condition were found significantly (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) associated with <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in the calf. Similarly, the source of potable water, immunocompromisation and contact with domestic animals were found to be significantly (<jats:italic>p </jats:italic>&lt; 0.05) associated with <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in humans.ConclusionThere was a higher prevalence of <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection in calves and humans in Libo Kemkem District. Therefore, the implementation of proper prevention methods of zoonotic <jats:italic>Cryptosporidium</jats:italic> infection between calf and human beings through significant risk factors is mandatory. Furthermore, additional studies to investigate the levels of economic importance of the disease should be conducted.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful laparotomic ethanol ablation for an adrenal tumour in a dog","authors":"Shimon Furusato, Eriko Kondo, Yu Tamura, Yu Tsuyama","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70020","url":null,"abstract":"Adrenalectomy is the gold standard for canine adrenal tumours, but not always recommended due to patient age, underlying conditions and perioperative mortality. Ethanol ablation is an alternative in human medicine for poor surgical candidates. A 13‐year‐old neutered female toy‐poodle with hypercortisolism presented with severe haematuria. Ultrasonography revealed left adrenal and right kidney tumours. Due to high surgical risk, simultaneous laparotomic right nephroureterectomy and ethanol ablation of the left adrenal tumour were performed. Post‐ethanol injection complications included transient hypertension and arrhythmia, which resolved spontaneously. The adrenal tumour size decreased within 2.5 months, and cortisol levels normalised within 8 days, remaining stable for 12 months. No hypercortisolism signs were observed without trilostane until death from renal insufficiency. Autopsy showed that the ablated left adrenal gland was an adrenocortical tumour and had shrunk. Ethanol ablation may be a feasible alternative to adrenalectomy for high‐risk canine patients.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti‐coccidial efficacy of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide in indigenous chickens of Northwest Ethiopia","authors":"Bekalu Muluneh, Mengistie Taye, Tadelle Dessie, Dessie Salilew Wondim, Semahegn Yilkal, Fikirtemariam Aregay, Almaz Habtamu, Aschalew Shitu, Halo Yohans, Teketay Wassie, Xin Wu","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70037","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundA variety of bioactive compounds isolated from various botanical sources have been found to have therapeutic and immunotherapeutic effects on chicken coccidiosis.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the anti‐coccidial potential of <jats:italic>Enteromorpha prolifera</jats:italic> polysaccharide (EP) in indigenous chickens in Northwest Ethiopia.Materials and MethodsA total of 78 male indigenous chickens were used for this study. The study had two treatment groups: (1) the EP non‐supplemented group (those fed on diets without EP and <jats:italic>Eimeria</jats:italic> oocyst inoculated) and (2) the EP group (those receiving diets supplemented with 400 mg EP/kg diet and <jats:italic>Eimeria</jats:italic> oocyst inoculated). Each treatment group had five replications. Following fourteen days of EP supplementation, 1.5 × 10<jats:sup>4</jats:sup> oocysts of mixed <jats:italic>Eimeria</jats:italic> species were inoculated into individual birds.ResultsEP‐supplemented chicken showed significantly lower (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) oocyst counts compared to non‐supplemented ones on 9 and 11 days post‐challenge. In addition, chickens in the EP‐supplemented group showed less severe lesion scores, with an average score of 1.33. Chickens that received EP showed a maximum of 27.27% protection against lesions. In contrast, the non‐supplemented chickens had a lower percentage of protection (19.83%). The maximum anti‐coccidial index value (146.98) was obtained from EP‐supplemented chickens. Chickens in the EP‐supplemented group exhibited a significantly higher (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) weight gain.ConclusionOverall, the inclusion of EP in chickens' diets shows promise as a potential anti‐coccidial strategy. However, additional research is required to explore the mechanisms by which EP in chickens’ diet could involve in increasing the protection ability of chickens against coccidiosis.","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142258954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}