Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Glutaminase Expression in Canine Large-Cell Alimentary Lymphoma Cells and Effects of Glutaminase Inhibition by CB-839.","authors":"Kosei Sakai, Masaki Hirao, Satoshi Kameshima, Yasuhiko Okamura, Takuya Mizuno, Shunsuke Shimamura","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70601","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glutamine metabolism plays a crucial role in tumour progression, making glutaminase a promising therapeutic target in various human cancers. However, its role in canine large-cell alimentary lymphoma (AL) remains unclear. This study investigated glutaminase expression and the effects of a glutaminase inhibitor (CB-839) on canine large-cell AL cell lines. Western blotting analysed glutaminase expression in three canine large-cell AL cell lines (CLC, Ema and Nody-1) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from eight clinically healthy dogs. Cell viability was determined in each cell line after treatment with varying concentrations (0-10 µM) of CB-839. Flow cytometry was used to analyse the cell cycle and assess annexin assays in each cell line following treatment with 1 µM of CB-839 or a vehicle control. Additionally, metabolome analysis was performed in Nody-1 cells after treatment with 1 µM of CB-839 or a vehicle control. Glutaminase expression was significantly higher in cell lines than in PBMCs. CB-839 suppressed cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, with CLC and Nody-1 cells exhibiting greater susceptibility than Ema cells. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that CB-839 induced G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in susceptible cell lines. Metabolomic analysis revealed that CB-839 led to glutamine accumulation and depletion of key tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates in Nody-1 cells. These findings indicate that glutamine metabolism is upregulated in canine large-cell AL and plays a crucial role in tumour cell growth and survival. Inhibiting glutaminase could serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12457854/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145131980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Different Blood Collection Sites for the Assessment of Beta-Hydroxybutyric Acid Concentrations Using a Handheld Meter in Sheep.","authors":"Mehmet Akköse, Ufuk Kaya, Murat Onur Yazlik, Murat Göcen, Mehmet Rıfat Vural","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperketonaemia is a common problem in periparturient sheep. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of FreeStyle Optium Neo H (FS) for measuring blood β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) concentrations in sheep. Whole-blood BHBA concentrations were measured using the FS from the jugular and ear veins of 175 clinically healthy, late-gestation (n = 56) and postparturient (n = 119) ewes. Jugular blood serum samples were also used for the reference sampling site. Blood BHBA concentrations measured with the FS from the jugular and ear veins showed a high positive correlation with the serum concentrations measured using the reference method (r = 0.84, r = 0.81, respectively). According to the Bland-Altman plot and limits of agreement, when compared to the reference method, FS recorded lower BHBA concentrations of 0.03 and 0.04 mmol/L from the jugular and ear veins, respectively. Passing-Bablok regression analysis revealed an intercept of -0.125 (95% CI: -0.148 to -0.078) and a slope of 1.250 (95% CI: 1.111-1.304) for the jugular vein and an intercept of -0.005 (95% CI: -0.089 to -0.018) and a slope of 1.000 (95% CI: 0.909-1.111) for the ear vein. The receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis determined that the optimal thresholds of the FS for the jugular and ear veins were, respectively, ≥0.8 mmol/L (sensitivity, 87.5%; specificity, 97.6%, AUC, 0.896) and ≥0.6 mmol/L (sensitivity, 87.5%; specificity, 91.0%, AUC, 0.887) for the identification of sheep with pregnancy toxaemia (PT). In conclusion, although there was constant and proportional errors indicating non-agreement with the reference method in the Passing-Bablok regression equation, FS's diagnostic performance was good enough to identify ewes with PT or hyperketonaemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70592"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12380714/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic Relationship Between Two Squirrel Species, Callosciurus pygerythrus and Funambulus pennantii, Inferred From Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene Sequences.","authors":"Sanjida Abida, Md Sirazul Islam, Zebunnahar Yasmin, Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar, Amam Zonaed Siddiki, Md Farid Ahsan","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70550","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the phylogenetic relationship between two species of squirrels, the hoary-bellied Himalayan squirrel Callosciurus pygerythrus and five-striped palm squirrel Funambulus pennantii, at the population level to assist conservation and management, we analysed partial mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences (1140 base pairs). The hoary-bellied Himalayan squirrels were collected from the Chittagong University campus and the Hazarikhil Wildlife Sanctuary, Chattogram, and the five-striped palm squirrels were collected from the Rajshahi Zoo area of Bangladesh. Blood samples were collected from anaesthetized squirrels by expert veterinarians, drawing blood from femoral veins in accordance with proper protocols and permission from respective authorities for the PCR (polymerase chain reaction) study. Mitochondrial sequences from seven individual animals were submitted to the global NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) database, retrieved seven accession numbers  (MT227570, MT252006, MT227571, MT227572, MT227573, MT227574 and MT227575), and data analyses using modern bioinformatics tools were conclusive in identifying the animals. The phylogenetic relationship between the two species was inferred from the partial mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 1140 bp using Mega software in maximum likelihood methods. Results reveal a close genetic relationship among all haplotypes of C. pygerythrus within a single clade, supported by a high bootstrap value of 61%, providing insight into its systematic position. On the other hand, three subjected haplotypes of F. pennantii were observed to exhibit close relatedness to another two Australian haplotypes of F. pennantii sourced from the GeneBank, with a bootstrap value of 87%, contributing valuable insights into its systematic position. The divergence of the two species into distinct clusters on the phylogenetic tree is attributed to substantial morphological differences and significant genetic distances. Phylogenetic analysis among all available haplotypes to date among the two genera and species provides valuable analytical perspectives about intra- and inter-specific relationships and quantifies the genetic diversity between Bangladesh and other geographic populations. The study emphasizes the necessity of conducting additional research with a substantial sample size to comprehensively investigate the genetic diversity of squirrel population in Bangladesh. The study will enhance our comprehension of wildlife biodiversity and contribute to the development of natural conservation strategies for these species. The global and local status of both of the species is 'Least Concern'.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12345596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144849215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli Isolated From Broiler Chickens in Sylhet District of Bangladesh.","authors":"Manna Roy, Obaidul Islam, Md Altafur Rahman, Sharmin Sultana Misty, Raju Kurmi, Md Ashraful Islam, Ahsan Raquib, Jahid Hasan Tipu, Md Anwar Hossain, Md Siddiqul Islam","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70576","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70576","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) Escherichia coli in poultry farming is a growing global public health concern, particularly in Bangladesh, where the use of antibiotics remains largely unregulated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and AMR patterns of E. coli isolated from broiler chickens in Sylhet district of Bangladesh and to investigate the network of coexisting resistance traits among the isolates. A total of 130 samples (44 cloacal, 46 faecal, 21 liver and 19 intestinal) were collected from live and dead broiler chickens in the Sylhet district of Bangladesh from July 2020 to June 2021. E. coli was detected in 77.7% of samples by standard cultural and biochemical tests, with 65.4% confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting the malB gene. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed complete (100%) resistance to tetracycline (TE), cloxacillin (CLOX) and co-trimoxazole (COT), with 91.8% resistance to erythromycin (E). Gentamicin (GEN) exhibited intermediate resistance (69.4%), whereas azithromycin (AZM) was the most sensitive, with 58.8% of the isolates demonstrating susceptibility. Faecal samples had the highest E. coli prevalence (84.8%), and liver samples had the lowest (66.7%). All isolates demonstrated multidrug resistance (MDR) in different combinations, with over one-third exhibiting resistance to six or more antibiotics. The coexistence network revealed that resistance to TE, CLOX and COT frequently occurred together, whereas GEN exhibited a distinct resistance pattern characterized by limited co-resistance with other antibiotics. The findings of this study extend beyond local concerns, carrying global implications for food safety, and emphasize the urgent need for stricter antibiotic regulations to mitigate the zoonotic transmission of MDR E. coli to humans. SUMMARY: The study reported a 77.7% prevalence of Escherichia coli in broiler chickens in Sylhet, Bangladesh with alarming resistance patterns, including complete (100%) resistance to several antibiotics (tetracycline, cloxacillin and co-trimoxazole), underscoring an urgent public health concern. The results revealed critical resistance trends, showing that several antibiotics are losing their effectiveness, which could threaten sustainable poultry farming and food safety. The correlation and coexistence network analysis identified frequent resistance linkages among specific antibiotics, suggesting shared pathways that could drive co-selection in resistant E. coli populations. The study emphasizes the pressing need for stricter antibiotic regulations, enhanced AMR surveillance and improved biosecurity measures to mitigate the spread of multidrug-resistant E. coli, with implications for both human and animal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12416310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Dietary Thymus vulgaris on Laying Hens: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Productive Performance and Egg Quality.","authors":"Hossein Hassanpour, Leila Nasiri, Aziz A Fallah, Tahereh Karimi-Shayan","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70614","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Natural alternatives to synthetic additives are being explored as a means to enhance laying hen performance and egg quality. The study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with Thymus vulgaris (thyme) on productive performance and egg quality in laying hens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of databases identified 18 eligible studies. Data were analysed using random-effects models, with subgroup analyses based on the thyme form (powder, essential oil, extract) and supplementation duration (≤ 8 weeks, > 8 weeks). The unstandardized mean difference was used to calculate the effect size, and confidence intervals were generated to estimate the range of the true effect size.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thyme significantly improved egg weight, egg mass, yolk colour, yolk index and shell thickness (p < 0.05), with very large effect sizes for egg weight and mass. However, albumen quantity decreased, while egg production rate, Haugh unit, and shell weight remained unchanged. Powdered thyme was particularly effective at enhancing egg weight and mass, while essential oils and extracts improved yolk colour. Longer supplementation periods (> 8 weeks) yielded greater benefits for egg mass and weight, whereas shorter durations (≤ 8 weeks) improved shell thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that thyme supplementation, particularly in powdered form and over extended periods, can enhance egg quality, offering a natural alternative to synthetic additives. This research demonstrates thyme's efficacy as a phytogenic feed additive, offering a natural solution to improve egg quality and meet the rising demand for sustainable and high-quality poultry products.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Thyme supplementation improves egg weight, egg mass, yolk colour and shell thickness in laying hens. Powdered thyme shows the most significant benefits for egg weight and mass. Longer supplementation periods (> 8 weeks) enhance yolk colour and egg quality traits. Thyme offers a natural, sustainable alternative to synthetic feed additives in poultry production.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70614"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12431580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145055978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of Bronchial Oestriasis in a Domestic Dog.","authors":"Filippo Maria Dini, Fabiano Raponi, Flavio Vallone, Roberta Galuppi, Fabio Macchioni","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70583","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reports the first case of bronchial myiasis in a dog caused by Oestrus ovis, a parasite known to infest sheep, and occasionally other mammals. A 9-year-old dog, from a rural area near Ancona (Italy), exhibited persistent coughing despite antibiotic and anti-inflammatory treatments. Bronchoscopy revealed a live first-instar larva of O. ovis, confirmed through morphological and molecular analyses. Larval removal and treatment with isoxazolines resulted in a rapid resolution of symptoms. This case highlights the critical importance of including atypical parasitic infestations in the differential diagnosis of respiratory symptoms in dogs. It underscores the importance of heightened vigilance, particularly in areas with sheep flocks, to prevent and manage such infestation effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70583"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Phenobarbital and Prednisolone on Neurological Signs of Canine Distemper.","authors":"Ali Asghar Sarchahi, Mohammad Arbabi, Hadi Mohebalian","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a highly infectious and often fatal disease in dogs, affecting various systems. Despite vaccination efforts, cases of distemper, especially the neurological form, remain a global concern due to its high fatality rate.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effectiveness of phenobarbital and prednisolone in treating the neurological form of canine distemper (CD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-five dogs with neurological signs of CD were included in the study after careful clinical examination. Confirmation of CD was based on clinical signs, rapid diagnostic tests, and RT-PCR testing of blood and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Dogs were treated with oral phenobarbital (2.5 mg/kg) and prednisolone (0.55 mg/kg) every 12 h. Treatment outcomes were categorised as recovered, died, or euthanised.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 35 dogs, 25 tested positive for CDV. Among positive cases (n = 25), two dogs mostly recovered, one dog partially recovered, one dog remained unchanged, 18 died (15 died naturally and three were euthanised), and three dogs were lost to follow-up. In the negative test group (10 dogs), eight dogs died, the outcome of one dog was unknown and one dog remained unchanged. Disease duration ranged from 2 to 586 days (average: 72 days in positive cases, 59.2 days in negative cases). The low recovery rate (8%) suggests limited effectiveness of the treatments used, including prednisolone, particularly for myoclonus, which was the most frequent clinical sign. Regarding seizure management, while our study observed some effectiveness of phenobarbital in controlling seizures, it's important to note that the efficacy of phenobarbital can vary.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Small sample size and owner non-compliance limited the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest limited benefit from prednisolone for neurological CD. Further research is necessary to develop more effective treatment strategies for this devastating canine viral disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70479"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12366439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Detection and Genetic Characterization of Feline Panleukopenia Virus in Bangladesh.","authors":"Nurejunnati Jeba, Roni Mia, Md Masum Billah Tarafder, Anandha Mozumder, Raduyan Farazi, S M Nazmul Hasan, Mohammad Bayazid Bostami, A K M Anisur Rahman, Abdul Mannan, Sharmin Akter, Sukumar Saha, Tofazzal Islam, Elcio Leal, Antonio Charlys da Costa, Md Golzar Hossain","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70594","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease affecting domestic and wild felines. Accurate diagnosis and understanding of circulating strains are essential for effective control.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a rapid immunochromatographic (IC) antigen test compared to PCR for FPV detection in clinically suspected pet cats in Bangladesh. It also aimed to investigate the genetic and evolutionary characteristics of circulating FPV strains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Faecal or rectal swab samples from suspected cats were tested using both IC strip tests and PCR. Sensitivity and specificity of the IC test were analysed using PCR as the reference. Partial sequencing of the VP2 gene was performed on four PCR-positive samples for phylogenetic and mutational analysis. Structural modelling of VP2 proteins was conducted to predict conformational changes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IC test detected FPV in 84% of cases, whereas PCR confirmed only 60%, indicating a 24% false-positive rate. PCR showed higher diagnostic reliability. FPV prevalence was 92% among unvaccinated cats. Phylogenetic analysis of VP2 sequences revealed close genetic similarity with Chinese and Portuguese strains, suggesting possible cross-border transmission. Mutations such as A756G, A896G, E299G and T236I were consistently observed. Structural modelling indicated minor conformational changes in VP2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion and clinical significance: </strong>PCR offers superior accuracy over IC testing for FPV diagnosis. Mutational changes may impact antigenicity and diagnostic performance. Improved diagnostic accuracy, molecular surveillance and updated vaccination strategies are essential to control FPV outbreaks in feline populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12372610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Survey of Chlamydial Infections in Three Public Bird Collections in Tehran, Iran.","authors":"Seyed Mohamad Mahdi Hashemian, Seyed Ahmad Madani, Seyed Mostafa Peighambari","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70537","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Avian Chlamydia spp. are capable of infecting different avian species and potentially cause the loss of valuable birds in rehabilitation facilities and zoos. They also pose a potential zoonotic risk to visitors and workers at such centres.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the occurrence of chlamydia in two different public aviaries and a rehabilitation centre.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>One hundred and eight samples from 48 different avian species belonging to 11 different orders were collected. These samples were tested for chlamydia infection by detecting the Chlamydia 16s rRNA gene using polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-seven samples were positive for Chlamydia DNA. High infection rates were detected in Psittaciformes (60%) and Columbiformes (77.8%). These findings indicate the relatively high frequency of chlamydial infections in birds of these orders. The occurrence of this infection in Falconiformes was 33.3%. Galliformes species investigated in this study had a lower occurrence (16.7%) of chlamydial infection. The only sample taken from the Charadriiformes order belonging to the yellow-footed gull was tested positive. A relatively high rate of infection with chlamydial agents was demonstrated in this study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regarding the close contact of infected animals with both workers and visitors, these findings are alarming. The affected aviary centres must implement a strategy to monitor, detect and control the infection, as it poses a considerable public health risk. On the other hand, the infection of rehabilitating captive birds in rescue centres is particularly relevant because the infection might be reintroduced to endangered wild populations, posing a conservation and environmental hazard.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70537"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rabbit Skull Shape: Three-Dimensional Geometric Morphometric Analysis.","authors":"İsmail Demircioğlu, Yasin Demiraslan, Ali Koçyiğit","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70588","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the present study was to analyse the three-dimensional shape of the cranium models of New Zealand rabbits and to determine the effects of sex on shape. To this end, a total of 12 rabbit craniums were used (six female and six male). After maceration, the craniums were scanned using a three-dimensional surface scanner to create models. The models were then marked with 23 landmarks (nine median line, 14 bilateral) using Stratovan Checkpoint software for shape analysis. Procrustes superimposition and principal component analysis were performed to determine shape variations, while Procrustes ANOVA was performed to determine dimorphic differences in size and shape. Discriminant function analysis was performed for the effect of gender on shape. The study's analysis revealed that PC1 accounted for 25.47% of the variation in principal component analysis, with this variation predominantly concentrated in the temporal region. These variations were followed by medial eye angle and incisive bone. While statistical differences in cranium shape were observed between the sexes, no significant differences in size were detected. Consequently, it was determined that gender exerts an influence on shape differences in rabbit cranium. It is hypothesised that the three-dimensional (3D) geometric morphometry method can be utilised for sex determination in rabbit craniums.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70588"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}