Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"Survival Rate of Toxoplasma gondii Tachyzoites in Cow's Milk at Different Temperatures.","authors":"Shadi Khosravi, Nasser Hajipour, Mir-Hassan Moosavy, Erfan Mosharkesh","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.70595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxoplasma gondii is the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, an obligate intracellular parasite of warm-blooded animals; the definitive host is cats and felines. Transmission of this parasite in herbivorous intermediate hosts occurs through contaminated water and forage by the oocyst stage of the parasite, and in cats and humans, it occurs through eating contaminated meat and milk by the cystic stage, tachyzoite and oocyst of the parasite. Some people consume the milk of various animals, including cows, sheep, goats, camels and donkeys. Such kinds of milk are supposed to be a good source of protein and vital minerals. Nonetheless, they are frequently ingested uncooked or not heated with high temperatures to destroy dangerous microbes. Hence, the potential viability of T. gondii tachyzoites in the milk of these animals under various temperatures needs to be investigated, as this could be a significant risk indicator of human infections. For this purpose, purchase 1000.0 mL of cow's milk from milk supply centres and then divide it into different parts, and after adding T. gondii tachyzoites of the RH strain (10⁷ × 5) to each milk sample, they are subjected to rapid pasteurization temperatures (75°C for 15 s), slow pasteurizations (60°C for 15 min), temperatures of 25°C and 35°C for 3, 6 and 12 h and refrigerator temperatures (4°C for 6, 12 and 24 h), and after centrifugation, the resulting precipitate was injected three times into three mice. One mouse without parasite tachyzoite injection was considered a negative control, and three mice injected with parasite tachyzoites were considered as positive controls. Our results showed that in the first trial, T. gondii tachyzoites treated at 75°C, 60°C, 35°C, 25°C and 4°C survived after 15 s and caused the death of mice. However, in the second trial, at 75°C, the parasite tachyzoites were completely eliminated after both 15 min and 3 h, and all treated mice survived. In contrast, in the third trial, at 4°C, 25°C and 35°C, after 15 min, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h, the parasite survived and caused the death of mice. Statistical analysis showed that the mortality of mice treated at 75°C and 60°C during the treatment periods was significant. This study showed that milk possibly contaminated with parasitic tachyzoites can survive in rapid and slow pasteurization and refrigerator temperatures, suggesting heating milk at 60°C for more than 15 min is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12397948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144970831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of a Novel Tc-24 Recombinant Antigen ELISA for Serologic Detection of Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Dogs: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Rojelio Mejia, Guilherme G Verocai, Ilana A Mosley, Ashley B Saunders, Bin Zhan, Lindsey Vongthavaravat, Rachel E Busselman, Sarah A Hamer","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70570","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is a significant challenge for canine health, with limited diagnostic tools. This study assessed the performance of a novel Tc-24 recombinant antigen ELISA compared to three commercial diagnostic tests on 70 serum samples from kennel dogs in Texas. The Tc-24 ELISA demonstrated high sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (91.2%) compared to Indirect Fluorescent Antibody (IFA) testing, with significant differences in Tc-24 optical density (OD) between positives and negatives (0.607 vs. 0.089, p < 0.001). When compared to Chagas Stat-Pak (SP), Tc-24 ELISA showed sensitivity and specificity values of 82.1% and 86.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). For Chagas Detect Plus (IB), the assay achieved a sensitivity of 80.0% and specificity of 93.1% (p < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis revealed significant associations between Tc-24 OD and SP (r = 1.0, p = 0.0167), IB (r = 0.9, p = 0.0833) and IFA (r = 0.6273, p = 0.044). Elevated immunochromatographic values in commercial kits (SP or IB) correlated with Tc-24 OD (1.17 vs. 0.039, p < 0.001), achieving 100% sensitivity and 95.8% specificity based on positive results from commercial kits. These findings suggest that Tc-24 ELISA is a reliable and accurate serological tool for diagnosing T. cruzi infection in dogs, with the potential to enhance diagnostic capabilities in veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70570"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12362452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological Investigation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex in Northern China.","authors":"Yaping Zhou, Ting Guo, Hongmei Zhao, Yongqing Hao","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70608","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC), a multifactorial syndrome driven by viral and bacterial co-infections, poses significant challenges to cattle health in northern China. We performed a large-scale epidemiological and phylogenetic investigation (2022-2024) to identify BRDC pathogens in the region. A total of 5052 samples from symptomatic Holstein calves (nasal swabs, sera, tissues) were analysed using virological, bacteriological and molecular methods. Viral pathogens-bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV), bovine parainfluenza virus-3 (BPIV-3) and bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1)-dominated infections, with pronounced seasonal peaks in colder months. The prevalence of non-cytopathic BVDV highlighted clinical difficulties. Bacterial infections involved Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis), Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida, with M. bovis prevalent in mixed infections. Phylogenetic analysis revealed biological connections between Chinese isolates and international strains (e.g., BVDV subgenotypes 1a/1d and BPIV-3c), showing global pathogen flow. Transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of viral popular structure. Meanwhile, seasonality strongly influenced viral dynamics, while bacterial detection remained stable, involving environmental and management factors. Pathogen co-infections demonstrate the complexity of BRDC. This study provides the first comprehensive BRDC pathogen profile for northern China, emphasising the need for region-specific control strategies, including multipathogen vaccines and improved biosecurity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445192/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145081907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lumpy Skin Disease in Cattle and Buffalo in Asian Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Md Jisan Ahmed, Ritu Chalise, Prajwal Bhandari, Md Abdur Rahman, Kazi Estieque Alam, Md Arifur Rahman, Md Ismile Hossain Bhuiyan, Md Jayed Chowdhury, Md Imran Hossain, Delower Hossain, Mirza Synthia Sabrin, Mahabbat Ali","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70607","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70607","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an acute viral transboundary disease of cattle and buffalo with significant economic importance caused by the LSD virus in the Poxviridae family.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the regional prevalence of LSD in cattle and buffalo in Asian countries using a systematic approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search for articles on the prevalence of LSD in cattle and buffalo was performed via PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and article reference lists published between 1 January, 2012 and 28 February, 2025. Articles were selected according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria. The pooled prevalence was estimated through a random effects meta-analysis model because significant heterogeneity existed among the studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall pooled estimated prevalence of LSD in Asia was 25.2% (95% CI: 95% CI: 19.95-30.88%), with significant variations across species, countries, and diagnostic methods. Cattle had the highest pooled prevalence at 26.2% (95% CI: 20.73-31.96%), whereas buffalo reported much lower rates at 7.7% (95% CI: 3.60-13.00%), and epidemic cases presented the highest prevalence at 41.4% (95% CI: 0-98.1%). Temporal analysis revealed that the peak prevalence in 2016 was 74% (95% CI: 68.56-79.06%), and the lowest estimate in 2015 was 16.3% (95% CI: 3.25-36.47%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals significant regional and species-based variations in LSD prevalence across Asia, with diagnostic methods and temporal trends influencing the results. These findings underscore the necessity for targeted surveillance and control strategies to address high-prevalence areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 5","pages":"e70607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12445430/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145087316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Metastases From Solid Cancers in 58 Dogs.","authors":"Samuel Okonji, Federica Rossi, Silvia Sabattini, Massimo Baroni, Federica Poli, Riccardo Zaccone, Simone Perfetti, Gualtiero Gandini, Laura Marconato","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70441","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain metastases (BM) represent an unmet medical need in human medicine, and they are poorly documented in dogs. The aim of this multi-centre retrospective study was to report the clinical characteristics, primary solid cancer histology, advanced imaging findings, treatment modalities and potential prognostic factors in dogs with presumed BM that occurred either at the time of initial diagnosis or during follow-up. BM diagnosis was established through either imaging studies or histologic examination of specimens obtained during necropsy. A total of 58 client-owned dogs with histologically proven solid cancer and BM were included. Clinicopathologic variables, BM characteristics based on imaging and survival post-BM (SPBM) were recorded. Haemangiosarcoma (53.4%) and carcinoma (27.6%) were the most common primary tumour histotypes, followed by melanoma (12.1%) and undifferentiated sarcoma (6.9%). Synchronous BM and solitary BM occurred in 63.8% and 51.7% of dogs, respectively. The prosencephalus was most commonly affected, with 79% of dogs showing neurologic deficits. Antitumoural or palliative treatment was attempted in a minority of dogs, with no improved outcome. The median SPBM was 3 days (range, 1-255). The 3- and 6-month survival rates were 8.6% and 1.7%, respectively. Dogs with haemangiosarcoma (OR: 7.6; 95% CI, 2.2-25.8; p = 0.001) and those with distant metastases at presentation (OR: 16; 95% CI, 4.2-60.9; p < 0.001) had an increased likelihood of developing synchronous BM. Haemangiosarcoma and carcinoma were the tumours most frequently associated with BM, which were more commonly synchronous and symptomatic, with a high incidence of forebrain localization. The prognosis was poor, regardless of the primary cancer type.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70441"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12128464/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient Extreme Axis Deviation in a Dog With Diabetic Ketoacidosis.","authors":"Youngjae Yoo, Dohee Lee, Yeon Chae, Taesik Yun, Byeong-Teck Kang, Hakhyun Kim","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70477","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70477","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 7-year-old intact female mixed-breed dog weighing 15 kg with a 4-week history of polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia, and weight loss was presented for severe anorexia and lethargy. Physical examination revealed severe dehydration, with a heart rate of 120 beats/min, respiratory rate of 24 breaths/min, and rectal temperature of 37.5°C. Clinical assessment and laboratory tests confirmed diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) characterised by severe hyperglycaemia, ketonemia, and metabolic acidosis with an increased anion gap. Electrocardiogram (ECG) findings were significant, showing regular sinus rhythm, negative QRS complexes in multiple leads, and an unusually shifted mean electrical axis at -101°, indicative of extreme axis deviation (EAD). This rare finding highlights the need to evaluate EAD as a potential complication in dogs with DKA, particularly among those presenting with severe metabolic disturbance. Serum cardiac troponin I levels were elevated (0.5 ng/mL; reference interval: 0.03-0.07 ng/mL). Emergency echocardiography revealed no abnormalities. Intravenous fluid therapy and a precisely calibrated continuous rate infusion of insulin were initiated, with treatment dynamically adjusted based on continuous blood glucose monitoring and the dog's response. After the resolution of DKA, the ECG returned to a normal cardiac axis and T wave amplitudes, indicating the reversibility of the myocardial and ECG abnormalities. The serum cardiac troponin I level also normalised, confirming the resolution of myocardial injury. This case report describes the first documented instance of EAD associated with DKA in a dog, as well as its potential reversibility, thereby emphasising the necessity for assessing this rare electrocardiographic abnormality in dogs with life-threatening DKA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70477"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) for the Utilization of Deep-Water Pink Shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) Processing Waste: Comprehensive Characterization of Carotenoid Astaxanthin Rich Extract.","authors":"Çiğdem Dikel, Yasemen Yanar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70498","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70498","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, astaxanthin extract was obtained from deep-water pink shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) shell wastes by ultrasound-assisted extraction method using six different organic solvents, characterized and compared with commercial astaxanthin standard. Astaxanthin extractions were performed under different time conditions (2 and 4 h) using selected apolar/polar solvents (petroleum ether, hexane, isopropanol, ethanol, methanol, acetone). All extracts were quantitatively tested by high-performance liquid chromatography. The results show that solvents with higher polarity are more suitable for astaxanthin extraction, and the effect of time on extraction yield varies with the type of solvent. The highest astaxanthin concentration was obtained after 2 h of extraction using methanol (310 ±2.00 µg/g) and the lowest value after 4 h of extraction using petroleum ether (104 ± 30.00 µg/g) (p < 0.05).The UV-Vis spectra of astaxanthin extract showed maximum absorbance in the visible region in the range of 480-520 nm, which is the characteristic absorbance of astaxanthin. Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) spectrometry was used to confirm the fingerprint region of astaxanthin extract with C = O stretching vibration, methyl group (aliphatic) (-CH), ketone group (-C = O) (6-membered ring), alkenes (C-C, C = C) and C-CH₃ stretching bonds. In the Raman spectrum, all characteristic values reflect the molecular vibrations of the conjugated polyene chain and its bonded groups, providing a distinct spectral fingerprint for the astaxanthin extract.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70498"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12249226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroepidemiology of porcine toxoplasmosis: A cross-sectional study in Bosnia and Herzegovina.","authors":"Abdullah Muftić, Jasmin Omeragić, Nihad Fejzić, Behija Dukić, Sabina Šerić-Haračić","doi":"10.1002/vms3.1578","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.1578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Toxoplasmosis, caused by the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii, is often linked with reproductive disorders in humans and animals. Despite this, its presence in animals in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FB&H) remains undocumented.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection among domestic pigs in FB&H, assess associated risk factors for parasite transmission and provide insights into optimal management and biosafety practices for the pig industry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-phase random sampling approach was employed to select 87 pig farms across 10 administrative regions in FB&H. A total of 437 pigs were sampled and tested for anti-T. gondii antibodies using an indirect ELISA kit. Epidemiological data on potential risk factors were collected through a standardised questionnaire and analysed using logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The animal-level seroprevalence was found to be 13.3% (95% CI = 10.4-16.8), with 44.8% of farms testing positive for T. gondii (95% CI: 34.8-55.3). Identified risk factors included exposure to cats, repeated occurrences of abortions within a single breeding season, swill feeding, type of housing, and type of operation. The robust association observed between recurrent abortions and Toxoplasma seropositivity indicates a significantly greater potential involvement of T. gondii in reproductive disorders among pigs in FB&H than previously acknowledged.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides the first report on T. gondii infection in animals in FB&H, highlighting the need for further research to explore its presence in other meat animals and meat products consumed in the region. The findings underscore the importance of biosafety measures in mitigating T. gondii transmission and call for enhanced surveillance and management strategies in FB&H's pig industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e1578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144620754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Reliability and Accuracy of Senior Veterinary Students in Detecting and Scoring Lameness in Dairy Cows.","authors":"Yalcin Alper Ozturan, Ibrahim Akin","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70496","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70496","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lameness detection is essential for effective dairy cattle management, with accurate diagnosis improving animal welfare and reducing economic losses. Senior veterinary students must acquire these skills before graduation to ensure competent diagnosis in the field.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of senior veterinary students in detecting and scoring lameness in dairy cows.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 201 senior veterinary students who scored lameness in cows using video recordings and a 5-point scoring system. Students' lameness scores were compared to those assigned by an experienced observer using a confusion matrix, with sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy calculated. Intra-rater reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients, while inter-rater reliability was evaluated using Krippendorff's alpha. Binary logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of lameness severity on detection accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Students demonstrated high accuracy for severe lameness (93.67%) and healthy cases (85.93%), with sensitivities of 75.84% and 74.46%, respectively. However, sensitivity for mild to moderate lameness was lowest. Specificity ranged from 81.87% for mild cases to 98.12% for severe cases. Inter- and intra-rater reliability showed various agreement coefficients across lameness categories. Logistic regression indicated decreased accuracy with increasing lameness severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gaps in detecting intermediate lameness highlight the need for enhanced training methods in veterinary education. Integrating advanced tools can improve diagnostic accuracy and support better lameness detection in practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70496"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12271826/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Presence and Location of CatSper 1-4, Opioid (μ, δ and κ) and CD44 Receptors in SPERMATOZOA from AOUDAD, IBERIAN IBEX and Mouflon.","authors":"Alejandro Vicente-Carrillo, Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez, Cristina Castaño, Adolfo Toledano-Díaz, Eva Martínez-Nevado, Heriberto Rodríguez-Martínez, Julián Santiago-Moreno","doi":"10.1002/vms3.70459","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.70459","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the apparent progress in reproductive technologies in wild ruminant species, healthy live births have been limited. Acquiring a sound knowledge of the molecular basis of most functional aspects of spermatozoa will improve the effectiveness of reproductive techniques and optimise conservation programs for threatened species. CatSper channels, opioid receptors and CD44 are involved in sperm capacitation of humans and domestic animals, but their presence in wild ruminants is yet undisclosed. The aim of this study was to determine the presence and localisation of CatSper 1-4, μ, δ and κ-opioid receptors and CD44 in three wild ruminant species spermatozoa (aoudad [n = 5], Iberian ibex [n = 5], mouflon [n = 5]), which show different resistance to freezing-thawing processes. Western blotting (WB) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) performed with commercially available antibodies revealed that aoudad, Iberian ibex and mouflon are equipped with the aforementioned channels and receptors, sharing localisation with other domestic animals' spermatozoa but presenting species-particularities. WB revealed homogeneous results in CatSper 1, Catsper 2, Catsper 3 and CatSper 4 among the spermatozoa of the three species, unlike μ, δ and κ-opioid and CD44 receptors that showed substantial inter-species differences in the number of bands. ICC showed inter-species differences in the location of CatSper 1-4, μ, δ and κ-opioid and CD44 receptors. Data confirmed their presence and putative role on sperm function in wild ruminant species. Inter-species differences in the location of CatSper 1-4, μ, δ and κ-opioid and CD44 receptors might underlie the variable response to reproductive technologies in these species.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"11 4","pages":"e70459"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12272490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}