Veterinary Medicine and Science最新文献

{"title":"The Estimation of Phenotypic and Genetic Parameters for Growth Rate Traits of Abergelle Goat Under the Community-Based Breeding Programme in the North-Eastern Parts of Ethiopia.","authors":"Yeshiwas Walle Abebe, Wossenie Shibabaw Meberatie, Zeleke Tesema Wondie","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71202","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding phenotypic performance and genetic parameter estimation is important for effective genetic progress in animal breeding and genetics. The data were collected for 6 years (2018-2023) from the established village of Abergelle goat community-based breeding programme (CBBP) area in Sekota Dryland Agricultural Research Center. The investigated traits were birth weight (BWT), 3-month weight (TMWT), 6-month weight (SMWT), 9-month weight (NMWT), yearling weight (YWT), average daily weight gain from birth to 3 months (ADG1), average daily weight gain from 3 to 6 months (ADG2), average daily weight gain from 6 to 9 months (ADG3) and average daily weight gain from 9 months up to yearling age (ADG4).</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the phenotypic performance and genetic parameter estimation of growth rate traits of Abergelle goat breeds in CBBP in scale-up villages in north-eastern parts of Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four univariate animal models were fitted using the average information restricted maximum likelihood (AI-REML) procedure to estimate variance components.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall least square mean (LSM) ± standard error (SE) of ADG1, ADG2, ADG3 and ADG4 were 58.2 ± 2.27, 37.8 ± 2.04, 19.2 ± 0.7 and 10.5 ± 0.12 g per day, respectively. The direct heritability estimates for BWT, TMWT, SMWT, NMWT, YWT, ADG1, ADG2, ADG3 and ADG4 were 0.34 ± 0.070, 0.45 ± 0.062, 0.40 ± 0.040, 0.42 ± 0.07, 0.41 ± 0.14, 0.18 ± 0.04, 0.03 ± 0.001, 0.19 ± 0.04 and 0.19 ± 0.04, respectively. Genetic correlations among BWT, TMWT, SMWT, NMWT and YWT were in the range of 0.068-0.84 and phenotypic correlations were also in the range of 0.23-0.89. Genetic correlations for BWT was moderate and higher among SMWT, NMWT and YWT, indicating correlated responses. Thus, BWT had no strong link to later growth in Abergelle goats under CBBP scale-up village.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The moderate to high direct heritability estimates indicate that selection for growth would be effective in achieving genetic improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 5","pages":"e71202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13525851/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritive Value and Nutrient Digestibility of Silages From Different Parts of Fodder Beet With or Without Lactobacillus buchneri Inoculants for Sheep.","authors":"Ali Abdi Saray, Alireza Aghashahi, Abolfazl Zali, Mehdi Ganj Khanlou, Einar Vargas-Bello-Pérez, Navid Ghavipanje","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71185","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of diets containing silages from different parts of fodder beet (FB) with or without Lactobacillus buchneri (LB) when fed to sheep.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven adult ruminally fistulated rams (2 years old; 74 ± 2.5 kg body weight) were randomly allocated to seven experimental diets in a changeover design. Treatments were as follows: whole FB without LB (WFB - LB); whole FB with LB (WFB + LB); FB tops without LB (FBT - LB); FB tops with LB (FBT + LB); FB bulbs without LB (FBR - LB); FB bulbs with LB (FBR + LB) and corn silage (CS) as control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LB inoculation did not affect silage chemical composition. FB bulb silage had lower pH than FB top silage. Dry matter intake (DMI) was highest for WFB + LB and lowest for FBT - LB (p < 0.001). Dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility were highest for CS and lowest for FBT - LB (p < 0.001). Ruminal pH and NH₃-N concentration were highest in sheep fed whole FB silage (p < 0.001). The acetate:propionate ratio was highest in FBT + LB and FBT - LB, followed by whole FB silage. FBT + LB and FBT - LB showed higher pH and NH₃-N but lower lactic acid concentration and flieg point value than other treatments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Silage made from whole FB (with or without LB) could be a promising alternative to CS for sheep, based on digestibility and rumen function parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 5","pages":"e71185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13527629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Zambian Indigenous Cattle.","authors":"Ellison Musimuko, King Shimumbo Nalubamba, Victor Chisha Zulu, Idowu Kolawole Odubote, Walter Muleya","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71182","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A study was conducted to determine the genetic diversity of Zambian indigenous cattle using microsatellites. In Zambia, cattle provide draft power, food, manure and generate income. DNA extraction followed the Qiagen protocol, and Arlequin V3.0 was used for data analysis. 72 unrelated animals from three regions, Eastern (Angoni), Southern (Tonga) and Western (Barotse), were sampled. 315 alleles observed were higher in TGLA 263 (106 bp) with 0.861, 0.824 and 0.753, BMS650 (160 bp) with 0.710 and SPS 115 (248 bp) with 0.581, 0.710 and 0.794 for Angoni, Tonga and Barotse, respectively. Effective allele frequency was 4.521 ± 0.351, 4.246 ± 0.299 and 3.888 ± 0.289 for Angoni, Tonga and Barotse, respectively. Global deficit of heterozygotes across populations (Fit) amounted to 4.2%. Overall mean deficit of heterozygotes (Fis = 1%), genetic differentiation among breeds (Fst = 3.2%),, and genetic flow between populations (Nm = 11.3) ranged from RM 067 (40.564) to BLI (3.016). Analysis of molecular variance revealed 2.7% genetic variation among populations and 97.3% within the cattle population, with a mean genetic diversity of 0.753. Structure analysis (PCoA) demonstrated the presence of two subpopulations in which all three populations are represented and these two groups showed evidence of substructuring. In the Bayesian analysis, Tonga and Barotse populations were clustered together, while the Angoni were separated from the rest of the populations in K = 2. There was no evidence of panmixia and linkage equilibrium; the VD (9.153) value is greater than L (5.929), indicating that the population was in equilibrium. This study presents a comprehensive genetic characterisation of indigenous cattle in Zambia, which is important for further studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 5","pages":"e71182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13542563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enteral and Partial Parenteral Nutritional Support in Two Hospitalised Giant Anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla).","authors":"Livia Perles, Camila Goloni, Brana Sanctos Alo Bonder, Fabio Alves Teixeira, Stephanie de Souza Theodoro, Aulus Cavalieri Carciofi, Karin Werther","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71224","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Information regarding enteral and parenteral nutritional support in hospitalised giant anteaters (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) is limited.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the nutritional management and clinical outcomes of two giant anteaters receiving different forms of nutritional support following traumatic brain injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical records of two free-ranging giant anteaters admitted after traumatic accidents were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical presentation, nutritional interventions, administration procedures, complications and outcomes were evaluated. One animal received enteral nutrition through a nasoesophageal tube, whereas the other received partial parenteral nutrition (PPN).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first anteater presented with a skull fracture and cerebral haemorrhage and was unable to feed voluntarily. Nasoesophageal feeding was provided for 7 days and was not associated with observed aspiration or nasal complications. Voluntary feeding subsequently resumed, and the animal was discharged after 2 months. The second anteater presented comatose following head trauma and received PPN after 4 days without voluntary food intake. Hyperglycemia occurred during administration and was managed by reducing the infusion rate. Voluntary food intake resumed on the second day of PPN. However, the animal died 15 days after admission from complications attributed to the head trauma.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nasoesophageal feeding and PPN were technically feasible in these two hospitalised giant anteaters. These cases provide preliminary clinical information on alternative nutritional support in this species but do not establish the safety or efficacy of either technique.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>This retrospective descriptive case series did not involve a prospective clinical trial requiring registration.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 5","pages":"e71224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13581478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148983583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Updated Checklist and Narrative Review of Helminth Parasites of Terrestrial and Semiaquatic Carnivorous Mammals in Uzbekistan.","authors":"Alisher Safarov, Sunnat Okkiyev, Angela Monica Ionică, Mourad Ben Said","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Helminth parasites are critical components of biodiversity and influence the health of both wild and domestic carnivorous mammals. Despite their ecological and public health importance, comprehensive data on helminth diversity in Uzbekistan remain fragmented. This study delivers a thorough and updated synthesis of helminth parasites infecting 15 species of terrestrial and semi-aquatic carnivorous mammals in Uzbekistan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was designed as an updated checklist and narrative review rather than a formal systematic review or meta-analysis. A total of 120 documents published between 1926 and 2024 were reviewed, including 61 journal articles, 54 national conference abstracts and 5 PhD theses written in Russian, Uzbek and English. Data were obtained from PubMed, ResearchGate, Google Scholar and local archival sources. Parasite and host nomenclatures were updated using internationally recognized taxonomic databases and recent parasitological references.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The review identified 74 helminth species, including 9 trematodes, 24 cestodes, 5 acanthocephalans and 36 nematodes, recorded from 15 carnivorous mammal species belonging to the families Canidae, Felidae and Mustelidae. Among these parasites, 37 species (50.0%) were retained as having zoonotic relevance after reassessment, although their public health importance varies from well-established zoonoses to occasional or accidental human infections. Research efforts were strongly biased toward domestic dogs, jackals and foxes, while several host taxa and geographic regions remain poorly investigated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights the rich but unevenly documented helminth diversity of carnivorous mammals in Uzbekistan and provides a taxonomically updated baseline for future regional studies. Persistent gaps in host coverage, geographic sampling, molecular identification and zoonotic risk assessment limit current understanding. Future research should prioritize representative sampling, inclusion of poorly studied carnivore taxa, molecular and non-invasive diagnostic approaches and integrated One Health surveillance to better assess parasite biodiversity, wildlife health and public health risks in Uzbekistan and Central Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 5","pages":"e71121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13612176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of Haemolytic Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated From Dogs and Cats.","authors":"Sarah Büttner, Joachim Spergser, Olga Makarova, Michael P Szostak, Adriana Cabal Rosel, Werner Ruppitsch, Sabine Schäfer-Somi, Elke Müller, Sascha D Braun, Stefan Monecke, Ralf Ehricht, Frank Künzel, Igor Loncaric","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71200","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Escherichia (E.) coli is the primary cause of urinary tract infections in companion animals.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Therefore, the present study aimed to characterise antimicrobial resistance profiles, virulence-associated genes, and phylogenetic diversity of E. coli with haemolytic colony morphology isolated from urine samples of cats and dogs during routine diagnostic activities, which have not been characterised previously in Austria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 51 isolates were included from dogs (n = 32) and cats (n = 19) and characterised by a polyphasic approach, including susceptibility testing and DNA microarray-based assays. In addition, all isolates were analysed using two-locus fumC and fimH sequence typing (CH-clonotyping) and E. coli phylotyping.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of E. coli isolates belonged to phylogenetic group B2, with one isolate assigned to phylogenetic group B1. Thirty-four CH-clonotypes were detected using two-locus sequence typing. All isolates detected could be classified as ExPEC.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The identification of clonal complexes common to humans indicates interspecies transmission, thereby emphasising the critical need for surveillance in companion animal populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 5","pages":"e71200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13529582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant Hepatobiliary Cystadenoma Requiring Biliary Reconstruction in a Cat: A Case Report.","authors":"Abdolrazagh Rostami, Milad Samadipoor, Pouran Mohammadi, Solmaz Chegeni, Arman Abdous","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71174","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatobiliary cystadenoma is an uncommon benign biliary tumour in domestic cats (Felis catus) that may mimic cystadenocarcinoma. Although imaging provides important diagnostic information, histopathological examination is required for confirmation. This case was notable for the exceptionally large lesion and the need for biliary reconstruction following surgical excision.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 7-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat weighing 8 kg was presented with several weeks of vomiting, inappetence and abdominal distension. Serum biochemistry demonstrated a cholestatic pattern with increased alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities. Abdominal radiographs revealed a cranial abdominal mass, and ultrasonography identified a multiloculated cyst with thin septa and no mural nodules. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography confirmed a 163 × 148 × 136 mm cystic hepatic mass with homogeneous fluid attenuation, non-enhancing septa and no solid components. Exploratory laparotomy enabled complete excision with preservation of hepatic tissue. Partial resection of the common bile duct followed by end-to-end anastomosis was performed to restore bile flow. Histopathological examination confirmed hepatobiliary cystadenoma. Recovery was uncomplicated, and at the 3-month follow-up the cat was clinically normal, with no ultrasonographic evidence of recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Large multiloculated hepatic cystic lesions with homogeneous fluid contents and no enhancing mural nodules should prompt consideration of hepatobiliary cystadenoma in cats. Complete surgical excision with preservation or reconstruction of biliary structures may result in a favourable short-term outcome. Longer clinical, biochemical, and imaging follow-up is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 5","pages":"e71174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13475628/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148761925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Case of Cutaneous Infection by Corynascus verrucosus in a Shih Tzu Dog: Molecular Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis.","authors":"Mohammad Ghahremani, Aghil Sharifzadeh, Iradj Ashrafi Tamai, Ghazale Faridfar","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71205","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fungal infections are important causes of dermatological disease in companion animals and may involve a diverse range of clinically relevant fungal pathogens. Accurate identification of the causative agent is essential for appropriate diagnosis, treatment and assessment of potential zoonotic risks.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to characterize a fungal isolate from a canine cutaneous lesion in Tehran, Iran, using morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Skin scrapings were aseptically collected from a dog presenting with pruritus and scaling, using sterile techniques microscopic examination and fungal culture. Microbiological observations were inconclusive for species-level identification. Hence, target isolate was subjected to PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region using ITS1 and ITS4 universal primers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2 region was successfully amplified and sequenced using the universal ITS1 and ITS4 primers, and the sequence was deposited in the NCBI GenBank (PV082530). BLAST analysis showed 99.36% nucleotide similarity to a reference sequence of Corynascus verrucosus. In the maximum likelihood analysis placed the Iranian isolate within the broader Corynascus lineage, clustering closely with C. verrucosus reference sequences from different geographic regions. Morphological findings, particularly large, round, verrucose conidia, supported the molecular identification. Overall, the combined morphological, molecular and phylogenetic findings supported identification as C. verrucosus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This case highlights the occurrence of an uncommon C. verrucosus isolate in a canine cutaneous lesion and demonstrates the value of integrating morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic approaches for fungal identification. The findings also emphasize the importance of cautious interpretation of molecular data when closely related fungal taxa show high sequence similarity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 5","pages":"e71205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13525849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Effects of Azadirachta indica-Derived Silver Nanoparticles and Silver Nitrate on the Productive and Reproductive Performance of Japanese Quails.","authors":"Swaira Ashfaq, Shabana Naz, Sania Satti, Muhammad Usama, Nudrat Fatima, Hifza Shehzadi, Hafeez Abdul Razaq, Rifat Ullah Khan, Ala Abudabos, Ihtesham Ul Haq, Naseer Khan Momand, Rasha Alonaizan","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71077","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Silver compounds, particularly silver nitrate (AgNO₃), have been widely studied for their effects on poultry health and reproduction. However, limited information is available regarding the impact of green synthesized silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to compare the effects of Ag-NPs and AgNO₃ on productivity, egg quality, reproductive performance, and male sexual behaviour in Japanese quails.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 480 Japanese quails (8 weeks old) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (96 birds each) with six replicates and a male-to-female sex ratio of 1:3. The control group received a basal diet, while four treatment groups were supplemented with Ag-NPs (10 and 20 mg/kg) or AgNO₃ (10 and 20 mg/kg). The experiment lasted 9 weeks. Productive performance, egg quality traits, fertility, hatchability, and male sexual behaviours were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Quails supplemented with 20 mg/kg Ag-NPs showed significantly improved productive performance and egg quality parameters (p < 0.05). This group also exhibited the highest fertility and hatchability rates. Additionally, male quails in the 20 mg/kg Ag-NPs group demonstrated enhanced sexual behaviours, including wing flapping, waltzing, mounting, tidbitting, rear approach, and treading, compared to other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dietary supplementation with Ag-NPs, particularly at 20 mg/kg, significantly improved productive and reproductive performance, egg quality, and male sexual behaviour compared to AgNO₃ in Japanese quails.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 4","pages":"e71077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13353081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148424797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics and Bioavailability of Tolfenamic Acid in Calves: First Evaluation of Subcutaneous Administration.","authors":"Orhan Corum, Pedro Marín, Elena Badillo, Duygu Durna Corum, Murat Yuksel, Halis Oguz, Fátima Martín-Sánchez, Erdinc Turk, Elisa Escudero, Devran Coskun, Hasan Basri Dingil, Kamil Uney","doi":"10.1002/vms3.71024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/vms3.71024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Tolfenamic acid (TA) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug that is commonly used in veterinary medicine. However, information on its pharmacokinetics in calves, particularly following subcutaneous (SC) administration, is limited. The aim of this study was to characterize the disposition of TA in calves following SC, intramuscular (IM) and intravenous (IV) administration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six calves received TA at a dose of 4 mg/kg via each route in a crossover design.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>TA exhibited route-dependent pharmacokinetics. The terminal elimination half-life increased significantly from IV (6.64 h) to IM (12.79 h) and SC (15.11 h) administration, which is consistent with flip-flop kinetics following extravascular dosing. Following IV administration, the volume of distribution at steady state was moderate (0.67 L/kg), which suggests extensive plasma protein binding. The time to reach the maximum concentration was similar for the IM and SC routes. However, systemic exposure was markedly lower following SC administration, with peak plasma concentration_, area under the curve and bioavailability being approximately half of those observed following IM injection. Plasma concentrations exceeded the EC₅₀ values required to inhibit prostaglandin E₂ and related inflammatory mediators for up to 24 h after IV administration and up to 48 h after IM or SC administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings demonstrate that SC administration of TA in calves results in prolonged but reduced systemic exposure compared with IM administration. The results support the need for route-specific dosing considerations and provide a basis for further studies on residue depletion and determination of withdrawal period in food-producing calves.</p>","PeriodicalId":23543,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Medicine and Science","volume":"12 4","pages":"e71024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13261288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148227867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}