Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Cytopathological evaluation of pericardial effusions: 192 cases from a tertiary-level healthcare center.","authors":"Ayşegül Aksoy Altinboğa, Nur Kivrak","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.5986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>There are many different benign and malignant etiologies of pericardial effusions (PEs), which can compress the heart and large vessels emerging from the heart and cause significant clinical findings. The aim of this study was to cytologically examine the underlying diseases causing PEs and to conduct detailed evaluations of underlying cancers in cases of malignant PE, both within the whole study population and according to sex.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All PE samples obtained between 2019 and 2024 were reevaluated and categorized as nondiagnostic, negative for malignancy (NFM), atypia of undetermined significance (AUS), suspicious for malignancy (SFM), or malignant according to the 2020 International System for Serous Fluid Cytopathology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 192 PE samples from 184 patients were analyzed, with 137 categorized as NFM (71.4%), 6 as AUS (3.1%), 5 as SFM (2.6%), and 44 as malignant (22.9%). In the NFM group, PE most often developed secondary to cardiac diseases or cardiac operations (61/137, 44.5%). In the malignant group, pulmonary carcinoma metastasis was most common within the whole population (54.5%) followed by breast carcinoma metastasis (15.9%). Lung carcinoma metastasis (69%) was most common among male patients, followed by gastric carcinoma metastasis (23%), and breast carcinoma (38.9%) followed by lung carcinoma metastasis (33.3%) were most common among female patients as the causes of malignant PE. Among patients who were followed for malignancy, malignant PE was found in 64.2% (43/67). In this study, PE had sensitivity of 95.7%, specificity of 100%, positive predictive value of 100%, negative predictive value of 98.5%, and accuracy of 98.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When PE develops in patients being followed for malignancy, there is an extremely high possibility of malignant PE secondary to pericardial metastasis. Cytological evaluation of PE, which has extremely high sensitivity and specificity, is of clinical importance in patient diagnosis and follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 2","pages":"423-431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The abdominal compliance index and postoperative pain after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery: a preliminary observational cohort study.","authors":"Ebru Akgün Şarer, Mustafa Tahtaci, Umut Cahit Ersoy, Mehtap Honca","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5969","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>In gynecology, laparoscopic surgery has the advantages of reduced scarring, less postoperative pain, faster recovery, and lower risk of complications. Despite these advantages, shoulder pain still remains a major concern, affecting up to 90% of patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery. Use of the abdominal compliance index (ACI) may offer the benefit of increased space for safer surgery and may prevent the drawback of high insufflation pressures. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between shoulder pain, abdominal pain, and analgesic use with the recently advised ACI, a surrogate index of abdominal expansion in patients undergoing gynecologic laparoscopic surgery.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-one patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists scores of 1-3 who underwent elective gynecologic laparoscopic surgery were included. The insufflation pressure was set to 12 mmHg. ACI, defined as insufflated intraabdominal volume (L) per body surface area (m²), was used to estimate the relationship between abdominal compliance and postoperative pain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 31 patients were separated into two groups based on median ACI level (range 1.37-2.73 L/m²), with those having values of 2.16 L/m² or lower as group 1 and those with higher values as group 2. Abdominal visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 30 min postoperative were significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (p < 0.001). Shoulder pain VAS scores at 24 h and 36 h postoperative were also significantly higher in group 2 than in group 1 (p = 0.021 and p = 0.002, respectively). The total amount of analgesic infusion and additional analgesic requirements were lower in group 1 than in group 2 (p = 0.049 and p = 0.001, respectively). ACI did not differ with patient demographic characteristics or history of abdominal/laparoscopic surgery, parity, abdominal drainage, and pneumoperitoneum time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ACI, a surrogate index of abdominal expansion capacity, may be used to guide individualization of insufflation pressures by identifying female patients under risk of higher postoperative pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"277-286"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paradigm shift in obesity treatment: an extensive review of current pipeline agents.","authors":"Ecesu Çetin, Brian Pedersen, Mehmet Furkan Burak","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5938","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is a multifaceted disease that poses a significant public health challenge. Recent discoveries in understanding the biological pathways that regulate satiety and metabolism have led to a shift in the treatment paradigm for obesity. Thus, the gap between pharmacological and surgical interventions has diminished. The latest approved antiobesity medications help to achieve weight loss comparable to surgery. These GLP-1 analog-based therapies not only cause substantial weight loss but also improve obesity-associated comorbidities. However, there are still unmet needs in obesity care, and treatment options with alternative pathways are necessary. Whether achieved through lifestyle changes or medication, weight loss often leads to muscle mass loss and reduced energy expenditure, resulting in rebound weight gain. Moreover, addressing severe obesity and comorbidities, such as metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and obstructive sleep apnea, necessitates the development of additional therapeutic strategies. Various antiobesity medications with novel mechanisms of action are currently in the pipeline. Myostatin-activin pathway inhibitors are under development to preserve muscle mass, and combination therapies with glucagon agonists address MAFLD and MASH. Amylin agonists offer a promising alternative to those unable to tolerate GLP-1 analogs. Mitochondrial uncouplers are under investigation for enhancing energy expenditure, NLRP-3 inhibitors for reducing inflammation, and GWAS targets for additional weight loss benefits. Combination therapies, such as dual or triple hormonal receptor agonists, are being developed to maximize weight loss and optimize tolerability. These emerging medications in the clinical trial pipeline show promise for more tolerable and sustainable obesity management.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between bleeding risk and arterial stiffness in patients with cerebral aneurysms.","authors":"Mehmet Selim Gel, Hasan Çağrı Postuk, İskender Samet Daltaban, Savaş Özer, Ercan Aydin, Emrah Keskin","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5959","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5959","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>A comprehensive risk factor assessment evaluating the susceptibility of cerebral aneurysms (CAs) to rupture has not yet been established. Therefore, the clinical management of unruptured CAs remains uncertain. This study aimed to assess whether arterial stiffness was associated with rupture risk in patients with CAs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Following magnetic resonance angiography, 49 patients with CAs and subarachnoid haemorrhage and ruptured CAs (confirmed via digital subtraction angiography) were included in the study. Arterial stiffness was measured using the VaSera VS-1000 vascular scanning system and expressed as cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) values. The CAVI values were compared between the patient groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the cerebrovascular aneurysm group was 51 ± 11 years, while that of the cerebrovascular aneurysmal haemorrhage group was 58 ± 12 (p = 0.308) years. Left and right CAVI values were significantly higher in the cerebrovascular aneurysm group (p < 0.05 for both). The CAVI values were positively correlated with haemorrhagic CA (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that increased arterial stiffness was associated with an increased risk of haemorrhage in patients with CAs. This result demonstrates the importance of evaluating arterial stiffness as an informative parameter for treatment and follow-up decisions in patients with CAs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"209-214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11931809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of treatment compliance in gout patients: a patient-centered study.","authors":"M Buğra Görgülü, Rıza Can Kardaş, Dilara Koç Şeramet, Rıdvan Mercan, Mehmet Engin Tezcan, Abdurrahman Tufan, Hamit Küçük, Berna Göker, M Akif Öztürk","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.5985","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Most studies on unsuccessful gout treatment suggest that knowledge gaps and inadequate physician interventions are major contributors. However, there is a lack of research on the extent to which patients, educated by knowledgeable and experienced physicians, adhere to these recommendations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study evaluated patients seen in university rheumatology clinics who were adequately informed about diet, target serum uric acid levels, and gout by rheumatologists. We assessed their compliance with treatment, clinical and laboratory findings, and disease status a median of seven years after treatment initiation. A total of 302 gout patients who began treatment in tertiary rheumatology centers and received adequate information were screened. After the initial interview, 195 patients met the study criteria and were included. Treatment compliance was evaluated based on self-reports, and target uric acid level achievement was assessed using medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 195 patients included in the study, 87.4% were male, with a median age of 59 years. Common comorbidities included hypertension (50%), hypertriglyceridemia (54.5%), and diabetes mellitus (23.2%). The median BMI was 29.3 kg/m², with 45.1% classified as overweight and 44.6% as obese. At the last follow-up, 68.5% of patients who continued their prescribed medication remained adherent. Nonadherent patients consumed significantly more meat (≥3.5 servings/week) and experienced longer intervals between flares. Nonadherent patients also had higher uric acid levels (7.25 mg/dL vs. 6.0 mg/dL, p < 0.001) and more frequent gout flares. Regular follow-up visits were significantly lower in nonadherent patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Achieving an acceptable level of treatment adherence and success in gout patients depends on adequate disease knowledge and appropriate education provided by physicians.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 2","pages":"413-422"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of certain biochemical parameters related to bone cycle with genotype in MPS IIIB patients.","authors":"Seda Gökkurt, İrem Peker Eyüboğlu, Banu Nur Güzel, Ercan Mihçi, Ayşe Özer, Mustafa Akkiprik","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5973","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5973","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The aims of this study are to investigate the genotype-phenotype correlation in Sanfilippo type B (MPS IIIB) patients in terms of bone formation/resorption parameters and to determine the release/inhibition of biomarkers accompanying osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Plasma levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG), matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMP1 and TIMP2) and cathepsin K were examined using the ELISA method for a MPS IIIB patient group and a control group. At the same time, mutations in the NAGLU gene causing the disease were identified by whole exome sequencing, and their correlation with biochemical parameters was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The enzyme analysis results showed that MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1, and TIMP2 were significantly high in the study group, while cathepsin K was low. OPG levels were similar between the two groups. The genetic analysis of patients with MPS IIIB was performed by sequencing all exons and exon-intron junction regions of the NAGLU gene using a next-generation sequencing (NGS) system. In this way, variations were detected qualitatively with high read depths. The analyses found that only two patients had a previously pathogenically defined alteration. In addition, the impact assessment analyses detected alterations with a modifying effect on protein structure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The genetic analysis results indicate the need to consider a variation classified as benign in the OMIM database as pathogenic because the variations found in the patients (p.Arg737Gly and p.Trp103Cys) have somehow altered enzyme activity. The mutation p.Trp103Cys, a novel NAGLU gene mutation in the first exon, was detected in one patient; additionally, SIFT and PolyPhen analyses confirmed it as damaging. Further functional analyses of this variation should be conducted to gather more comprehensive information.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"328-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913520/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Could ERAS protocols be integrated into the national Standards for Quality in Healthcare in Türkiye?","authors":"Mine Gürsaç Çelik, Adem Az, Mehmet Çetin, Neslihan Alkiş","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5975","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5975","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"346-347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of empagliflozin on cyclophosphamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats without diabetes.","authors":"Şerife Ezgi Doğan, Şerife Mehlika Kuşkonmaz, Pınar Celepli, Mehmet Şenes, Sema Hücümenoğlu, Cavit Çulha","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5943","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of empagliflozin on cyclophosphamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 32 male Wistar rats were separated into 4 groups with 8 rats in each: the control group, cyclophosphamide group, empagliflozin group, and cyclophosphamide plus empagliflozin group. At the end of the experiment the rats' brains were removed for biochemical analysis of oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde, total sulfhydryl, total oxidant status, and total antioxidant capacity) and histopathological analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total sulfhydryl levels were increased in the empagliflozin group and empagliflozin and cyclophosphamide group compared to the cyclophosphamide group but histopathological findings were not improved. Furthermore, when empagliflozin treatment was used coupled with cyclophosphamide, necrosis was significantly higher.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Empagliflozin has no protective effect on cyclophosphamide neurotoxicity, although it may have neurotoxic effects. Clarification of the possible neurotoxic/neuroprotective effects of empagliflozin would be beneficial for diabetic cancer patients who are receiving cyclophosphamide chemotherapy and empagliflozin together.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"65-71"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143657913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differentiation of multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor based on MRI.","authors":"Burcu Gül, Bora Korkmazer, Ahmet Kürşat Karaman, Esra Koçhan Kizilkiliç, Mahmut Esat Aykan, Çiğdem Özkara, Nil Çomunoğlu, Cihan Işler, Serdar Arslan, Osman Kizilkiliç","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55730/1300-0144.5988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>To compare the MRI findings and clinical features of multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) and dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNET), and reveal the distinguishing features of these tumors from each other.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with a suspected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based diagnosis of MVNT between 2018 and 2022 were collected from the hospital database. In addition, patients diagnosed with DNET on histopathological examination and who had MRIs in the same time period were included in the study. The MRI findings and clinical features were evaluated for each patient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 21 patients in the MVNT group and 20 patients in the DNET group. Headache was the most common symptom in patients with MVNTs (61.9%), whereas seizures were more prevalent in those with DNETs (70%). The most frequent locations for the MVNTs were the frontal and parietal lobes (66.6%), while DNETs were most commonly located in the temporal lobe (60%). All the MVNTs were hyperintense in both fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). All the DNETs were hyperintense on T2WI. However, on FLAIR, seven (35%) of the DNET lesions were hyperintense, while the remaining 13 lesions showed mixed signal intensity forming a bubbly appearance. Moreover, 20 of 21 (95.23%) MVNTs were hyperintense on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) (b800), with no apparent diffusion coefficient hypointensity in the lesions. None of the DNETs showed hyperintensity on DWI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRI findings, particularly those observed on FLAIR and DWI, may be helpful for distinguishing between MVNTs and DNETs, especially in cases where the differential diagnosis is challenging.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 2","pages":"443-450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thoracic disc herniations: diagnosis, surgical techniques, and complication insights.","authors":"Mehmet Denizhan Yurtluk, Aydın Sinan Apaydin, Hakan Kina, Khoi D Than","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5939","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5939","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thoracic disc herniations (TDHs) are rare conditions, comprising 0.1% to 5% of all reported herniation cases, and affecting up to 1 in 1,000,000 individuals. The mid to lower thoracic spine, particularly between the T11 and T12 vertebrae, is most frequently affected and often associated with trauma. Conditions like Scheuermann's disease can predispose patients to TDHs. This study explores the clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, surgical techniques, and complications associated with TDHs. Diagnosis relies on magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography myelography to identify the level and nature of the herniation. Various surgical approaches, including posterolateral, lateral, and anterior, have been implemented, each with specific indications, advantages, and pitfalls. Complications range from lung-associated to neurological deterioration to dural breaches. Clinical presentation primarily includes thoracic back pain. Patients can present with significant neurological deficits depending on the herniation's characteristics, namely giant centrally located. Surgical intervention is indicated in cases of failed conservative treatment or acute trauma with significant cord compression. This review aimed to delve into the literature to provide insights into the clinical manifestations of TDHs, diagnosis, surgical techniques, and associated complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"17-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}