Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Relationship between the density of degenerated neurons in the carotid body and changes in blood pH.","authors":"Hakan Kina, Aydın Sinan Apaydin","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5961","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5961","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The carotid artery is the main artery supplying blood to the brain. Carotid bodies (CB), located at the bifurcation of the carotid artery, regulate blood pH. This study aimed to assess the changes in CB-related pH levels following degeneration induced by ligation of both common carotid arteries (CCA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We included 23 adult male New Zealand rabbits in the study. The animals were divided into three groups: a control group (n = 5), a sham group (saline injection, n = 5), and a study group subjected to bilateral CCA ligation (n = 13). pH levels and cardiac rhythms were monitored before, during, and after the procedure at two-day intervals over three weeks. Additionally, we quantified both healthy and degenerated neuron densities in the CB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Initial pH levels were as follows: control group (7.42 ± 0.039), sham (7.39 ± 0.059), and study group (7.35 ± 0 .12). Prior to euthanasia, pH levels were the following: control (7.40 ± 0.029), sham (7.42 ± 0.041), and study (7.39 ± 0.12). The density of degenerated neurons in the CB was as follows: control (11 ± 4/mm³), sham (394 ± 74/mm³), and study (1363 ± 347/mm³). Statistical analysis showed the following significant differences: control vs. sham (p < 0.001), sham vs. study (p < 0.0005), and control vs. study (p < 0.000001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased degenerated neuron density in CB leads to reduced blood pH following CCA ligation due to acute ischemia of CB. Timely pH normalization occurs as vertebrobasilar reverse blood flow supplies CB, reversing neurodegeneration and normalizing pH.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"223-230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are cinnamon derivatives effective and safe for diabetes?","authors":"Methiye Mancak, Ufuk Koca Çalişkan","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5972","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Cinnamon spice is obtained by drying the tree bark of <i>Cinnamomum</i> Schaeff. species. The genus <i>Cinnamomum</i> belongs to the family Lauraceae, which comprises approximately 250 different species worldwide. The most common species on the market are <i>Cinnamomum verum</i> J. S. Presl, <i>C. cassia</i> (L.) J. Presl, <i>C. burmannii</i> (Nees & T. Nees) Blume, and <i>C. loureiroi</i> Nees. Cinnamon and its byproducts have been used for many years due to their antidiabetic effect. In the current study, the major chemical content and in vitro antidiabetic activities of different commercially available cinnamon samples were evaluated to determine whether they are safe to use for health purposes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Macroscopic analyses, chromatographic analyses, and enzyme inhibition assays on diabetes-related enzymes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and aldose reductase) were performed on seven different samples (cinnamon sticks, tea bags, and capsules).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cinnamon samples inhibited diabetes-related enzymes. The aqueous and ethanolic extracts of different cinnamon species demonstrated 7.73-333.69 mg/g of trans-cinnamaldehyde, and up to 43.73 mg/g of coumarin. Decoction and ethanolic extracts of <i>C. cassia</i>, <i>C. burmannii</i>, and <i>C. loureiroi</i> cinnamon sticks were detected to contain high levels of coumarin, which could pose a health risk, according to European Food Safety Authority data. Although antidiabetic activity was observed in the ready-made samples purchased from a herbalist, trans-cinnamaldehyde or coumarin compounds were not detected in the high-performance liquid chromatography analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The source of the cinnamon spice is crucial for the utilization of cinnamon both in food and therapeutic purposes. This research once again showed the importance of meticulous inspection of the products sold by herbalists.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"313-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of concurrent parathyroid adenoma on the recurrence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma: a retrospective study.","authors":"Derya Çayir, Alev Çinar, Mehmet Bozkurt, Bahadır Külah","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5947","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The impact of concurrent parathyroid adenoma in differentiated thyroid carcinoma remains unclear. This study compared the recurrence rates of patients operated on for differentiated thyroid carcinoma with concomitant parathyroid adenoma and those operated on for thyroid carcinoma without detected parathyroid adenoma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study examined 340 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinoma at our institution. We compared patients with concurrent parathyroid adenoma to those without, assessing clinical, laboratory, surgical, and histopathological findings and thyroid carcinoma recurrence over a 6-year postoperative period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among all patients, 53/340 (16%) were identified with parathyroid adenoma and were predominantly over the age of 50 years (p < 0.00). There was a significant difference between patients with and without parathyroid adenoma regarding the preoperative serum Ca level (11.21 ± 0.41 mg/dL versus 9.5 ± 0.36 mg/dL, respectively), preoperative serum P level (2.3 ± 0.3 mg/dL versus 3.7 ± 1.4 mg/dL, respectively), and preoperative serum PTH level (142 ± 89.3 pg/mL versus 53.7 ± 11.5 pg/mL, respectively) (p < 0.001 overall). Residual thyroid tissue was detected in 215/340 (63%) patients, and a significant difference existed between patients with parathyroid adenoma (20/53, 38%) and without it (195/287, 68%) (p < 0.00). No significant differences were observed in surgical and/or tumor characteristics between patients with and without parathyroid adenoma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that parathyroid adenoma has no direct impact on the recurrence of differentiated thyroid carcinomas in the short term. However, our small cohort size limits the generalizability of these results, indicating a need for further studies with larger patient populations and longer follow-up durations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913488/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between menstrual cycle and cognitive function in women with primary dysmenorrhea.","authors":"Ufuk Atlihan, Meltem Durakli Ulukök, Onur Yavuz","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5966","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>To evaluate the relationship between the change in pain intensity over days of the menstrual cycle and cognitive function in females with primary dysmenorrhea.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One hundred thirty-four females with primary dysmenorrhea who were admitted to our hospital from January 2021 to November 2023 were assessed. Of these participants, 46 individuals who subjectively stated that their cognitive function was affected, for whom neurology consultation was requested, and for whom patient data were available, were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant decrease was seen in phonemic and semantic fluency on day 3 of menstruation (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). A significant decrease was observed in the forward and backward digit span (DGS) scores on day 3 of menstruation (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). A significant decrease was seen in the forward and backward DGS scores on the most painful day of menstruation (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). A significant decrease in the logical memory subtest Wechsler Memory Scale revised scores on the most painful day of menstruation (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consistent with the literature, strong evidence was found showing a negative correlation between dysmenorrhea and cognitive function. Future prospective, larger sample-size studies comparing cognitive function in females with and without dysmenorrhea at various stages of the menstrual cycle are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"258-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematological diseases and the heart.","authors":"Ferda Can","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5929","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The heart, as the main part of the circulatory system, is one of the organs frequently affected by hematological diseases. Cardiac problems may develop during the course and treatment of benign and malignant hematological diseases. This review study was conducted based on recent information from the literature and manifestations of cardiac involvement in hematology were summarized. Determining appropriate cardiac approaches in cases of hematological diseases with relevant knowledge and experience regarding the development of cardiac involvement in pathophysiological conditions has an important role in the diagnosis and treatment processes of patients. This review provides relevant information about hematological diseases and the heart, and key points that will help in the diagnosis and treatment process are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"54 7","pages":"1438-1446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11673626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142903558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antifungal prophylaxis in high-risk patients with hematologic malignancy: a comparison of practice and guidelines in Türkiye.","authors":"Özlem Güzel Tunçcan, Seçkin Çağirgan, Hakan Özdoğu, Sinem Civriz Bozdağ, Filiz Vural, Mustafa Pehlivan, Hüseyin Saffet Beköz, Yasemin Esen, Tuba Koç, Petek Gilik, Esin Şenol","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5942","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5942","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Primary antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) is as considered the gold standard therapy for patients with hematologic malignancies based on the available guidelines. The aim behind this study was to investigate the level of guideline knowledge and the translation of guideline recommendations into real-life settings among physicians in Türkiye.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective, observational study, the physicians' knowledge of AFP guideline recommendations for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) undergoing first remission-induction (Group I) or graft-versus-host-disease (GvHD) after allogeneic stem cell transplant (Group II) was compared with clinical practice via an 11-item multiple-choice questionnaire evaluating the patients in whom AFP was initiated, the timing, the AFP duration, and the drugs used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean patient age was 48.3 years and 79% had AML/MDS. AFP was initiated in 75.3% of Group I patients on the first day of induction chemotherapy before baseline and in 26.2% of Group II patients at baseline. For 98.8% of the Group I patients, the physician's plan was to continue AFP until recovery from neutropenia and complete remission (CR), whereas it was to be used during immunosuppression in Group II. The median (IQR) duration of AFP was 0.8 (0.5-1.9) and 5.5 (2.4-8.1) months for Groups I and II, respectively. Breakthrough invasive fungal infections (bIFIs) were observed in 35.8% and 14.3% of Groups I and II, respectively.The mean survey scores were 8.5 ± 2.3 for the AML/MDS patient group and 9.9 ± 3.2 for the GvHD patient group. Most of the surveyed sites adhered to the guidelines from the European Conference on Infections in Leukemia (80.6%), followed by the fever and neutropenia guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (51.6%). Posaconazole was the drug of choice in both groups (96.8% in Group I vs. 71% in Groups II).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The data indicate an inconsistency between real-life clinical practice and the guideline recommendations for primary AFP and bIFI management in high-risk patients with hematologic malignancies in Türkiye.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"52-64"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of Gleason score upgrading in patients with a biopsy diagnosis of grade group 1 prostate cancer.","authors":"Barış Esen, Bengi Gürses, Arif Özkan, Mert Kiliç, Yakup Kordan, Tarık Esen, Dilek Ertoy Baydar","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5962","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5962","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy is the most commonly used method in the diagnostic pathway of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The Gleason score of the tumor is the critical tissue-based determinant of patient management after diagnosis, and the main approach for low risk patients with grade group (GG) 1 disease is active surveillance rather than definitive interventions. However, a fair proportion of these cases are upgraded following radical prostatectomy (RP), if performed. We aimed to investigate the significance of clinicopathological parameters including phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) protein in the prediction of higher final grade at RP in patients with a biopsy diagnosis of GG1 prostatic carcinoma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty-three patients who underwent robotic-assisted RP for grade GG1 disease at prostate biopsy were evaluated retrospectively. Their clinical, radiological, and pathological features were explored in addition to the final histological grade in RP. Upgrade was defined as any increase in Gleason score from the initial needle biopsy to pathological analysis of the entire surgical specimen. Expression of PTEN in prostate biopsy cores was evaluated through immunohistochemistry. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to detect independent predictors of tumor upgrading from biopsy to RP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The final RP pathology revealed upgrading in 16 patients (48.5%) to GG2 disease. The statistics showed that Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score (≤3 vs. 4-5) of the index lesion and the number of involved cores in systematic biopsies (≤2 vs. >2) were the only independent predictors of the presence of a higher grade at RP (p < 0.05). The rate of PTEN loss for upgrading and nonupgrading patients was 25% and 5.9%, respectively, without statistical significance (p = 0.175).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging findings and number of tumor positive needle cores are useful parameters to apply for predicting higher grade disease in the RPs of patients with a GG1 tumor diagnosis after a prostate biopsy. Immunohistochemical PTEN analysis, on the other hand, does not provide significant information in this respect.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"231-236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of antiepileptic drugs and their effects in pregnancy.","authors":"Pınar Öztürk, Ali Turhan Çağlar","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5950","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Epilepsy is one of the most common chronic neurological diseases. It can affect patients throughout their entire lives, including the reproductive years. It is estimated that epileptic women account for three to five births per 1000 births. Although the use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) during pregnancy has been associated with major congenital malformations in the fetus, many patients cannot discontinue the drugs before pregnancy due to the risk of seizures that may harm the mother as well as the child. In this study, our aim was to examine the follow-up findings of pregnant women who were epileptic and using AEDs during pregnancy and delivery, and to contribute to the literature on this subject, for which studies are still ongoing.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sixty epileptic pregnant women and 60 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. These women gave birth at the University of Health Sciences Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Application and Research Center. The women in the case group had applied to the neurology outpatient clinic between April 1, 2018, and April 1, 2019; were previously diagnosed with epilepsy by a neurologist; had started using AEDs before pregnancy; and had used AEDs in the first trimester.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While the number of pregnancies per woman in the case group (1.75 ± 0.77) was significantly lower than that in the control group (2.25 ± 1.17), the rate of cesarean section deliveries and neonatal intensive care needs were found to be statistically significantly higher in the case group (68.3% and 20.0%, respectively) than in the control group (43.3% and 5.0%, respectively) (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of birth week or birth weight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Epileptic pregnancies have unique risks, differing from normal pregnancies. It is important that pregnant women with epilepsy be followed closely from the pregnancy planning period to delivery in cooperation with the physician.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"121-126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does femoral tunnel location have an effect on functional and clinical results in medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction?","authors":"İbrahim Kaya, Murat Çiçeklidağ, Resul Bircan, Mustafa Odluyurt, Abdurrahman Vural, İnci Hazal Ayas, Muhammet Baybars Ataoğlu, Ulunay Kanatli","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5965","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Multiple reconstruction techniques have been described to mimic the normal anatomy and physiology of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction. The success of MPFL reconstruction depends on various factors such as graft selection, the location of the patellar tunnel and femoral tunnel (FT), and graft fixation methods. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between FT location and functional and clinical outcomes after MPFL reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The midterm clinical results of patients who underwent MPFL reconstruction for patellofemoral instability in a single institution between 2013 and 2019 were evaluated retrospectively. If the FT was within the 6-mm-diameter reference circle, the center of which is Schottle's point, the tunnel was accepted as anatomical; otherwise, it was considered a nonanatomical tunnel. The functional outcomes of the patients in both groups were evaluated with Kujala, Tampa kinesiophobia, and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 34 patients, 23 female (67.6%) and 11 male (32.4%), were evaluated. The mean follow-up period was 48.92 ± 2.93 (months). Tunnel position was anatomical in 22 patients (64.7%) and nonanatomical in 12 (35.3%). The postoperative VAS pain scores of those in the anatomical tunnel group were significantly lower than those in the nonanatomical tunnel group (p = 0.015). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of Kujala or Tampa kinesiophobia scores (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although FT placement did not affect functional scores in MPFL reconstruction in this study, malpositioning of the FT is associated with a higher postoperative VAS pain score.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"250-257"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory changes in the prepuce and clinical findings according to the stages of phimosis.","authors":"Gül Doğan, Dilek Yilmaz, Hülya Ipek, Mehmet Metin, Hande Kahraman, Çağatay Evrim Afşarlar","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.5963","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.5963","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Circumcision refers to the surgical removal of all or part of the prepuce. Circumcision is commonly performed on males in childhood to prevent urinary tract infections and for religious reasons. This study was designed to investigate the inflammatory processes in the prepuce according to the degree of phimosis in patients who underwent circumcision.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a prospective study on 173 male children under the age of 18 who underwent circumcision between June and September 2024. A comprehensive physical examination of the genitourinary system was performed. Foreskin retraction was assessed and recorded using the Kikiros grading score, and an elective surgical appointment was scheduled accordingly.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>As the age of the patient decreases, phimosis appears to be more advanced. In Stage 2 phimosis, where the foreskin is more covered, mild to moderate inflammation is observed, whereas in Stage 1 phimosis, where the foreskin is moderately covered, severe inflammation is noted. This suggests that the partial constriction in Stage 1 phimosis may facilitate contamination from external sources.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>It is known that circumcision in boys reduces urinary tract infections. This study investigated the inflammatory processes in the prepuce according to the degrees of phimosis. The results indicate that performing circumcision at younger ages is beneficial for preventing ascending urinary infections and reducing the need for antibiotic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":"237-241"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11913518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}