Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of distal versus proximal greater occipital nerve pulsed radiofrequency in migraine management: a prospective randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Gülçin Babaoğlu, Şükriye Dadali, Ülkü Sabuncu, Erkan Yavuz Akçaboy, Şeref Çelik, Mustafa Yemliha Ayhan, Yağmur Can Dadakçi, Mustafa Cem Yilmaz, Şaziye Şahin","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6007","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of distal versus proximal greater occipital nerve (GON) pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) treatments in patients with episodic or chronic migraine.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective, randomized controlled study, sixty participants were randomized to either distal GON PRF (n = 30) or proximal GON PRF (n = 30). Migraine related assessments were conducted at the baseline and at the first, second, and third month.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics indicated a higher migraine burden in the proximal group, including increased monthly headache frequency (15.0 vs. 9.5 attacks, p = 0.007). Both groups experienced significant reductions in headache duration, severity and frequency over three months (Friedman test, p < 0.001). Notably, the proximal group experienced greater reductions in severe headache frequency at all time points (1st month: p = 0.004; 3rd month: p = 0.022) and total headache days by the third month (14.0 vs. 9.5 days, p = 0.039). The distal group exhibited some advantages in reducing headache severity (VAS), showing a trend toward improvement in the second month (p = 0.055) and achieving statistical significance by the third month (p = 0.011). No unexpected adverse effects were observed in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both treatments were well-tolerated, with minimal adverse effects. Our findings indicate that both proximal and distal approaches are safe and effective for migraine management. The proximal approach might offer slightly superior outcomes for patients experiencing severe and frequent migraine attacks.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"602-612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270285/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medicolegal evaluation of pediatric patients with injection neuropathy.","authors":"Hızır Asliyüksek, Caner Beşkoç, Ömer Faruk Şimşeker, Nihan Hande Akçakaya, Adem Karbuz","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6021","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Injection neuropathy (IN) is a rare but preventable form of iatrogenic nerve injury, particularly affecting the sciatic nerve when intramuscular injections are administered incorrectly. While IN is uncommon in high-income countries, it remains a significant public health issue in Türkiye, especially in pediatric populations. The aim of this study is to evaluate pediatric IN cases referred to the Council of Forensic Medicine and highlight medicolegal aspects to inform clinical and legal preventive strategies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 67 pediatric cases (age range: 1-17 years; mean age: 10.5 years; 57 boys, 10 girls) referred to the Council of Forensic Medicine between January 01/01/2015 and January 01/01/2023, due to suspected injection-related sciatic neuropathy. Demographic data, clinical findings, suspected drugs, injection sites, and medicolegal conclusions were reviewed using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sciatic nerve involvement was confirmed in 64 cases. The most frequently implicated drug was diclofenac sodium (n = 38), followed by sulbactam-ampicillin and clindamycin. In 59 cases, complications were identified; 2 cases were classified as malpractice due to incorrect site or technique. Six cases could not be evaluated due to insufficient medical documentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intramuscular injections, especially in pediatric patients, should not be considered routine procedures. Given the potential for severe complications, oral alternatives should be prioritized. When unavoidable, injections must be performed by qualified professionals considering patient age, muscle mass, and anatomical safety. This study underscores the medicolegal importance of accurate technique and documentation to prevent lifelong disability and litigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"727-732"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270299/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic factors for long-term outcomes of unilateral atrophic kidneys in adult patients: a single-center retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Zülal Istemihan, Ahmet Burak Dirim, Ali Rıza Uçar, Ceren Bağriaçik, Gamze Kemeç, Şafak Mirioğlu, Seda Şafak, Vafa Suleymanova, Özgür Akın Oto, Ayşe Serra Artan, Alaattin Yildiz, Aydın Türkmen, Halil Yazici","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6016","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Unilateral atrophic kidney (UAK) could be related to many etiologies that can cause chronic kidney disease in adults. There is limited data on the long-term outcome of adults with UAK in the literature.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study included 199 adult patients with UAK. The etiology, baseline clinical/laboratory, and radiological findings were evaluated. Composite primary outcomes (CPO) (chronic kidney disease stage 5 or doubling of serum creatinine) and secondary outcomes (new-onset proteinuria (>0.5 g/day or g/g) or >50% increase in proteinuria level according to baseline, mortality, and nephrectomy requirement during follow-up) were evaluated in 166 patients with at least 3 months of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 199 patients, 57.3% were female. The mean age at presentation was 44.4 years. Right and left kidney atrophy rates were 51.8% and 48.2%, respectively. Among the known etiologies, the most common was chronic pyelonephritis (17.1%, n = 34). Of 166 patients, 19 had a CPO. Patients with CPO had higher rates of hypertension (p = 0.033), proteinuria (p < 0.001), and renal artery stenosis. Baseline systolic blood pressure (p = 0.004) and serum creatinine (p < 0.001) were higher, and baseline eGFR (p < 0.001) and serum albumin (p = 0.001) were lower in these patients than in patients without CPO. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that baseline creatinine (p < 0.001), serum albumin (p = 0.034), and renal artery stenosis (p = 0.015) were independent risk factors for CPO.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Higher baseline serum creatinine and lower serum albumin levels were associated with poor renal prognosis in adult patients with UAK. Also, UAK due to renal artery stenosis might be associated with worse outcomes than UAK related to other etiologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"687-695"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of ultrasonography-guided periforaminal oxygen-ozone therapy in chronic low back pain.","authors":"Esra Ülgen Kiratlioğlu, Kutay Tezel, Eda Gürçay","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6015","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Treatment of chronic low back pain (LBP) includes various minimally invasive image-guided interventional techniques. The aim of this study, which was planned based on the idea that periforaminal oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) gas application with ultrasonography (USG) could be an alternative treatment option, was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of USG-guided periforaminal ozone infiltration (PFOI) or transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) in patients with chronic radicular LBP on pain, disability, and quality of life (QoL).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 50 patients were randomly divided into 2 groups of 25 patients each underwent PFOI by USG or TFESI via fluoroscopy. Pain intensity was assessed with visual analogue score (VAS), disability with Oswestry disability index (ODI), and QoL with short form-36 (SF-36), before treatment, at the 2nd week, 1st month, and 2nd month, after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Intra-group comparisons showed significant improvements in LBP VAS, radicular pain VAS, and ODI after treatment for both groups. The reduction in LBP VAS was found to be higher in the PFOI group at week 2 (p = 0.010) and month 1 (p = 0.037), and the improvement in ODI scores was significantly better in the PFOI group at week 2 (p = 0.017) compared to the TFESI group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings have shown that PFOI and TFESI have positive effects on chronic radicular LBP, disability, and QoL parameters. Since ultrasound-guided O2-O3 injections were found to be more effective than epidural steroid injections, particularly in the early period, it was suggested that O2-O3 therapy may be considered in the preoperative treatment algorithm of patients with chronic radicular LBP.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"676-686"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish translation, validity, and reliability of the European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life-high dose chemotherapy29 in patients undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.","authors":"Vesile Yildiz Kabak, Sevilay Karahan, Elifcan Aladağ Karakulak, Tülin Düger, Songül Atasavun Uysal, Fulya Ipek Erdem, Hakan Göker","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6001","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Our aim was to investigate psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life-high dose chemotherapy29 (EORTC QLQ-HDC29) in patients treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients between the ages of 18 and 65 years and undergone HSCT were included. The European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-cancer30 the Eastern cooperative oncology group performance score, and the functional assessment of cancer therapy-bone marrow transplant were used to determine convergent validity. Reliability was assessed through the calculation of Cronbach's alpha and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) values.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Totally 151 patients were included. The convergent validity analysis between the EORTC QLQ-HDC29 and the other variables revealed significant, low to strong correlations (p < 0.05). The test-retest reliability of the questionnaire was excellent (ICC values ranged from 0.886 to 1.000). The internal consistency values were acceptable except for the \"Worries/Anxiety\" and \"Inpatient Issues\" scales (ranged from 0.175 to 0.985).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The reliability and validity of Turkish version of the EORTC QLQ-HDC29 was feasible and acceptable in patients treated with HSCT. Further research is required to ascertain the psychometric properties of the EORTC QLQ-HD29.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"540-546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term efficacy and safety of nondamaging retinal laser therapy for retinitis pigmentosa-associated cystoid macular edema.","authors":"Seda Çevik Kaya, Mehmet Çitirik, Mevlüt Yilmaz, Eyüpcan Şensoy","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6012","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of nondamaging retinal laser therapy (NRT) for retinitis pigmentosa-associated cystoid macular edema (RP-CME) and analyze anatomical and functional outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective case series of 40 eyes from 30 patients with RP-CME was conducted. The patients underwent NRT using a PASCAL laser system with endpoint management (EpM) software. Central macular thickness (CMT) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were assessed at baseline and 2 months posttreatment. Long-term follow-up data, including recurrence rates were also reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At the 2-month follow-up, NRT significantly reduced mean CMT by 79.7 μm (p < 0.001) and improved BCVA by 0.10 LogMAR (p < 0.001). Complete resolution of CME was observed in 30% of the eyes, while 52.5% experienced recurrence within 6 months. Unilateral cases exhibited greater CMT reductions than bilateral cases (p < 0.05). No retinal damage from the laser was observed. The long-term sustainability of these effects remains unclear, and repeated treatments have not yet been assessed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NRT is a safe and effective short-term treatment for RP-CME, achieving significant anatomical and functional improvements without evidence of retinal damage. However, the high recurrence rate and absence of long-term data warrant further investigation. Future studies should explore repeated treatments, genetic subtypes, and correlations with the ellipsoid zone integrity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"652-657"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270286/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do the amplitude ratios of sensory nerve action potentials in the lower extremities have any diagnostic utility in distal diabetic polyneuropathy?","authors":"Işıl Yazici Gençdal, Nermin Görkem Şirin, İrem Ilgezdi, Ümmü Mutlu, Elif Kocasoy-Orhan, Mehmet Barış Baslo, Nevin Dinççağ, Ali Emre Öge","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6014","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>To investigate the diagnostic sensitivity of sural sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) to medial femoral cutaneous nerve and dorsal sural to sural SNAP amplitude ratios in patients with diabetic polyneuropathy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sural/radial (SRAR), sural/medial femoral cutaneous (SMFAR), and dorsal sural/sural (DSSAR) SNAP amplitude ratios were calculated in 22 controls and 46 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Combined sensory scores (superficial peroneal, sural, dorsal sural, and medial plantar SNAPs), and amplitude ratio scores (SRAR, DSSAR, and SMFAR) were assessed. The parameters were compared statistically between the patient and control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All SNAP amplitudes were significantly lower in patients as compared with those of the controls. Reduced medial plantar SNAP amplitude was the most frequent abnormality in the patient group. DSSAR and SMFAR, but not SRAR were found to have significant value in differentiating patients from controls with low sensitivity and moderate specificity. The combined sensory score improved the diagnostic accuracy for diabetic polyneuropathy, while the other combined scores add no additional value in this respect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distal nerve conduction studies (NCSs) are most useful in diagnosing mild diabetic polyneuropathy. Although DSSAR and SMFAR can be moderately sensitive alternatives, particularly when used in combined scores, these ratios do not add any diagnostic value in patients with axonal polyneuropathies of similar severity.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"666-675"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose index and metabolic and hematological parameters in obese individuals.","authors":"Özge Baş Aksu, Feride Özkara, Rıfat Emral, Volkan Genç, Demet Çorapçioğlu, Mustafa Şahin","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6019","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This research examined the association between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and metabolic, hepatic, and hematologic variables in a population of severely obese subjects, with a focus on the assessment of glycemic control.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 315 adult patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 35 kg/m² who were evaluated for bariatric surgery. Participants were grouped according to HbA1c levels: those with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% and those with HbA1c < 6.5%. TyG, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4), aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index (APRI), and hematological inflammation markers were assessed and compared between groups. To investigate associations, correlation and regression analyses were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with HbA1c ≥ 6.5% had significantly higher TyG, AIP, APRI, and FIB-4 values than those with lower HbA1c. The TyG index showed a strong correlation with both HbA1c (r = 0.403, p < 0.001) and AIP (r = 0.866, p < 0.001), and was identified as an independent predictor of HbA1c, explaining 20.5% of its variance. Moderate correlations were also found between liver fibrosis scores and systemic inflammatory indices. No significant differences were observed in hematologic markers across HbA1c groups, suggesting a closer link between inflammation and obesity rather than glycemic status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The TyG index may serve as a practical and accessible marker for metabolic risk and glycemic control in obese individuals. Its integration with other noninvasive indices like AIP, APRI, and FIB-4 may support a more comprehensive evaluation of cardiometabolic and hepatic risk profiles in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"710-718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270320/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiometabolic risk factors and their association with carotid intima media thickness among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Christian Saleh","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6030","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Comment to Weerarathna TP, Lekamwasam S, Kodikara I, Wasana KGP, Fonseka L. Control of cardiometabolic risk factors and their association with carotid intima media thickness among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus-single center experience in a developing country. (Turk J Med Sci. 2024 Jan 11; 54 (3): 545-554).</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"810-811"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270294/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-year clinical follow-up of granulomatous lymphadenitis diagnosed via EBUS-TBNA in a tuberculosis-endemic region.","authors":"Hasret Gizem Kurt, Ayperi Öztürk, Melahat Uzel Şener, Figen Öztürk Ergür, Zeynep Tilbe Saymaz Guvanjov, Aydın Yilmaz","doi":"10.55730/1300-0144.6006","DOIUrl":"10.55730/1300-0144.6006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Granulomatous lymphadenitis is not a specific clinical diagnosis. In regions where tuberculosis (TB) is endemic, differentiating between various diseases presenting with granulomatous lymphadenitis poses a significant clinical challenge. This study aims to evaluate the etiological distribution of underlying conditions and to assess diagnosis changes observed during at least one year of follow-up in patients diagnosed with granulomatous lymphadenitis through endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 4711 patients were included in the study, and 9353 lymph node samples were collected. Granulomatous lymphadenitis was identified in 791 patients, from whom 1505 lymph node samples were obtained. A cohort of 453 patients was monitored for at least 1 year, during which 873 lymph node samples were collected. The medical records of these patients were retrospectively reviewed in detail, and the final clinical diagnosis for each patient was established at the conclusion of the 1-year follow-up period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sarcoidosis was the most common final diagnosis, accounting for 52.3% of cases, while tuberculosis lymphadenitis was diagnosed in 42.6% of patients. Diagnostic procedures, including acid-fast bacteria (AFB) staining, culture, and TB-PCR, were performed in 94.3% of the cohort. Nonnecrotizing granulomatous lymphadenitis was identified in 8 patients with a history of extrathoracic malignancy; 5 were diagnosed with sarcoid-like reactions and 3 with TB lymphadenitis. Additionally, during the 1-year clinical follow-up period, the initial diagnosis was revised in 14 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term follow-up of clinical progression and treatment response is crucial for precise diagnosis and management. The study findings suggest that routine TB-PCR and AFB testing on EBUS-TBNA-derived lymph node samples could enhance diagnostic precision.</p>","PeriodicalId":23361,"journal":{"name":"Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences","volume":"55 3","pages":"595-601"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12270314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144675893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}