Thoracic Cancer最新文献

{"title":"RETRACTION: Novel Circular RNA Hsa_circ_0036683 Suppresses Proliferation and Migration by Mediating the MiR-4664-3p/CDK2AP2 Axis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70394","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Retraction: </strong>R. Liu, H. Zhang, J. Xin, S.-Y. Xie, F. Jiao, Y.-J. Li, M.-Y. Chu, J. Qiu and Y.-F. Yan, \"Novel Circular RNA Hsa_circ_0036683 Suppresses Proliferation and Migration by Mediating the MiR-4664-3p/CDK2AP2 Axis in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer,\" Thoracic Cancer 15, no. 27 (2024): 1929-1945, https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15396. The above article, published online on 07 August 2024 in Wiley Online Library (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor-in-Chief, Tateaki Naito; and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. The retraction has been agreed upon following concerns raised by a third party. An investigation identified apparent splice sites around the circ-36683 IgG band shown in Figure 7i. The authors cooperated with the investigation and provided supporting data; however, this did not resolve the concern, and doubts remain regarding the integrity of the figure. As a result, the editors have lost confidence in the reliability of the results and conclusions reported in this study. The authors disagree with the retraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 19","pages":"e70394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652948/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KRAS G12S Positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Mimicking KRAS G12C Positivity on the AmoyDx PCR Panel: A Case Report.","authors":"Tadashi Sakaguchi, Kentaro Ito, Miho Nishio, Yuta Suzuki, Akemi Iketani, Kengo Ushiro, Osamu Hataji","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70361","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A false-positive KRAS G12C on a multi-PCR assay using the amplification refractory mutation system can potentially occur in cases harboring certain multi-nucleotide variants other than KRAS G12C. A 62-year-old man with a large left upper lobe tumor was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma. A multi-PCR assay by the AmoyDx Pan Lung Cancer PCR panel showed positivity for KRAS G12C and KRAS G12A/G12V/G12R/G13C. However, next-generation sequencing revealed a KRAS variant of c.34_35delinsTC (p.G12S). KRAS G12S multi-nucleotide variants may lead to false-positive KRAS G12C results on the multi-PCR assay.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 20","pages":"e70361"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Cigarette Smoke Extract Exposure Promotes Genomic and Phenotypic Reprogramming in Lung Cancer Cells.","authors":"Hyun Soo Kim, Se-Eun Choi, In Kyoung Kim, Seulbee Lee, Seo-Hee You, Rachel Hyunkyung Kim, Chang Dong Yeo, Jin-A Kim, Seok Chung, Sang Haak Lee, Semin Lee, Hye Joung Kim","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70392","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cigarette smoke contains numerous toxic compounds that can induce oxidative stress and DNA damage. While smoking is a well-established driver of lung cancer initiation, the biological consequences of continued exposure after tumor establishment remain poorly understood. This study investigated the genomic and phenotypic effects of chronic cigarette smoke exposure in established lung cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells were chronically exposed to cigarette smoke extract to model sustained exposure. Cellular proliferation and migration assays were performed to evaluate phenotypic changes. Transcriptomic profiling was used to examine alterations in gene expression related to cell cycle regulation and DNA repair pathways. Whole-genome sequencing was conducted to identify mutational signatures associated with genomic instability. Tumor growth and histological features were further evaluated using xenograft models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chronic cigarette smoke extract exposure increased the clonogenic capacity and migratory behavior of A549 cells and induced phenotypic features consistent with partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Transcriptomic analysis revealed disruption of cell cycle regulation and reduced expression of homologous recombination DNA repair genes, including RAD51. Whole-genome sequencing identified mutational signatures associated with oxidative damage, mismatch repair deficiency, and homologous recombination defects. These alterations were accompanied by increased tumor growth and cellular atypia in xenograft models.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic cigarette smoke exposure may enhance genomic instability and promote aggressive phenotypes in established lung cancer cells, suggesting that continued smoking after cancer development may contribute to tumor progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 19","pages":"e70392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Trilaciclib for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Myelosuppression in Patients With Solid Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Wei Tian, Qianxin Liu, Ying Zhou, Zhuo Zhang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70402","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trilaciclib, a cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor administered before chemotherapy, reduces chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM) in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC), but its efficacy across solid tumors remains unclear. This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of trilaciclib in solid tumor patients receiving chemotherapy. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception to January 21, 2026. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies comparing chemotherapy with or without trilaciclib were included. Primary outcomes were severe neutropenia (SN), febrile neutropenia (FN), duration of severe neutropenia (DSN), Grade 3/4 leukopenia, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) use. Secondary outcomes included other hematologic toxicities, supportive care interventions, and efficacy outcomes. Ten studies involving 1172 patients (six RCTs and four cohort studies) were identified. Trilaciclib significantly reduced SN (OR, 0.14; 95% CI, 0.06-0.31; p < 0.001), FN (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.11-0.36; p < 0.001), Grade 3/4 leukopenia (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.13-0.46; p < 0.001), and G-CSF use (OR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18-0.71; p = 0.0087), and shortened DSN (MD, -2.30 days; 95% CI, -4.28 to -0.31; p = 0.0309). It also reduced Grade 3/4 anemia and thrombocytopenia and decreased use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents, red blood cell transfusions, and platelet transfusions. Overall survival showed a borderline improvement (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.71-0.99; p = 0.0373), while no significant differences were observed in progression-free survival, overall response rate, or non-hematologic adverse events. Subgroup analyses suggested greater benefit in ES-SCLC. Overall, trilaciclib before chemotherapy significantly reduced CIM and supportive care needs, with no apparent compromise in antitumor efficacy and more pronounced effects in ES-SCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 20","pages":"e70402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinicopathological Features of DLL3 Expression and T-Cell Infiltration in LCNEC: Insights From Pathology and Clinical Response to Tarlatamab.","authors":"Shotaro Kaneko, Naoki Furuya, Yoshihisa Sugiura, Hajime Tsuruoka, Kazuhiro Nishiyama, Honoka Morita, Tomoki Okura, Hisashi Saji, Junki Koike, Nobuyuki Ohike, Masamichi Mineshita","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70400","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare and aggressive lung neuroendocrine neoplasm with poor prognosis. Recently, DLL3-targeted bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) have shown promising efficacy in small cell lung cancer, and clinical trials are ongoing in LCNEC. This study evaluated DLL3 expression and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) infiltration in LCNEC and investigated their clinical significance and association with tarlatamab efficacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who were diagnosed with LCNEC. Immunohistochemical analyses for DLL3 and CD8 were performed. DLL3 positivity was defined as staining in ≥ 1% of tumor cells. CD8+ TIL infiltration was graded as low, moderate, or high.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 77 screened LCNEC cases, 44 were eligible for analysis. The median age was 75 years. DLL3 expression was observed in 70.5% of cases and was associated with worse survival. Low CD8+ TIL infiltration was observed in 59.1% of cases. Patients with high CD8+ TIL infiltration demonstrated significantly longer survival than those with low infiltration (p = 0.03). Among representative clinical cases, a patient with DLL3 (+)/CD8 TILs (-) LCNEC achieved marked tumor shrinkage, whereas a patient with DLL3 (-)/CD8 TILs (-) LCNEC showed no response.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DLL3 is frequently expressed in LCNEC and correlates with a poorer prognosis. A majority of LCNEC cases are immunologically characterized as cold tumors lacking CD8+ TILs, which contributes to unfavorable clinical outcomes. Tarlatamab induced a robust antitumor response even in a DLL3 (+) cold tumor. DLL3-BiTE represents a promising therapeutic strategy for DLL3 (+) LCNEC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 20","pages":"e70400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nodule Dye-Localization Using Interventional Fluoroscopy for Image-Guided Sublobar Lung Resection.","authors":"Yueh-Lin Wu, Kam-Hong Kam, Chi-Yen Liang, Yu-Ting Lai, Tien-Hsin Jeng, Chang-Ching Lee, Ya-Fen Wu, Yung-Cheng Yang, Hsin-Yi Yang, Jia-Ming Chang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70401","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Precise localization is critical for sublobar resection of small pulmonary nodules. We evaluated the safety, technical efficiency, and clinical outcomes of preoperative percutaneous dye-localization using a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-enabled flat-panel detector interventional fluoroscopy system in a hybrid operating room (HOR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 74 consecutive patients (137 lesions) who underwent image-guided localization followed by video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) sublobar resection (wedge resection or segmentectomy) between 2022 and 2023 at Chia-Yi Christian Hospital. Procedural workflow, localization success, surgical margins, and perioperative outcomes were systematically analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Technical localization success was achieved in 100% of lesions (mean nodule diameter: 8.59 ± 4.85 mm). The procedure required a mean of 1.31 ± 0.67 puncture attempts per lesion at a mean depth of 5.22 ± 1.86 cm. Procedure-related pneumothorax occurred in 29.7% (22/74) of patients, with 14.9% (11/74) requiring pigtail catheter drainage; pneumothorax occurrence was significantly associated with multiple puncture attempts (p < 0.001) and lower-lobe lesions (p = 0.001). Lower-lobe location was significantly associated with requiring more puncture attempts (p = 0.028). For malignant lesions, the mean pathological resection margin was 17.16 ± 8.73 mm, with 92.31% achieving a margin-to-tumor ratio (MTR) ≥ 1. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.04 ± 1.16 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Single-stage image-guided dye-localization and VATS sublobar lung resection in an HOR using a biplane CBCT-enabled platform is safe, feasible, and effective. This streamlined workflow ensures high technical success and adequate surgical margins with manageable complications. Further studies are warranted to evaluate long-term oncological outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 20","pages":"e70401"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13673405/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Lung Cancer Complicated by Interstitial Pneumonia: The CS-Lung 003 Study, Branch Number 28.","authors":"Kosuke Hamai, Nobuhiro Kanaji, Naoki Watanabe, Nobuhisa Ishikawa, Sayaka Ueno, Takeshi Masuda, Noboru Hattori, Masahiro Yamasaki, Naoko Matsumoto, Masamoto Nakanishi, Nobukazu Fujimoto, Nagio Takigawa, Kazuya Nishii, Katsuyuki Hotta, Katsuyuki Kiura","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70399","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) improve the prognosis of patients with previously treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the efficacy and safety of ICIs for patients with NSCLC complicated with interstitial pneumonia (IP) remain unknown. This study aimed to analyze patients with NSCLC and IP treated with ICIs and to investigate the efficacy and exacerbation frequency of ICI therapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively enrolled patients with NSCLC and IP at multiple centers and examined progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) using the Kaplan-Meier method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median PFS was 5.8 months, and the median OS was 9.7 months. ICI-related lung injury was observed in seven of the 19 patients (36.8%). Pneumonitis was observed in one of five patients with a usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern and in six of 14 patients with a non-UIP pattern; however, there was no significant difference in onset frequency. Furthermore, we observed no significant difference in PFS between patients with and without ICI-related pneumonitis (6.8 vs. 3.3 months, respectively; p = 0.826). OS tended to be shorter in patients with ICI-related pneumonitis, but the difference was not significant (8.0 vs. 16.7 months, respectively; p = 0.172).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of ICIs in patients with NSCLC and IP produces long-term responses in some cases; however, there is a high possibility of ICI-related pneumonitis. In cases where the condition worsens, post-treatment may be difficult, and the prognosis may be poor.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 20","pages":"e70399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149184692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exhaled Breath Analysis for Lung Cancer Detection: From VOCs Signatures to EBC-Based Liquid Biopsy and Clinical Translation.","authors":"Penghai Sun, Zhenkai Fu, Shaodong Wang, Yun Li, Mantang Qiu","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70404","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70404","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. Although low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is the current standard for early screening, its high false-positive rates and cumulative radiation exposure create a pressing clinical need for complementary, non-invasive diagnostic tools. Exhaled breath analysis represents an accessible strategy for early detection and risk stratification. Early breathomics primarily focused on gas-phase volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, as volatile metabolites, VOCs are chemically unstable and highly susceptible to background ambient air and physiological confounders. Distinct from gas-phase analysis, exhaled breath condensate (EBC) offers enhanced biomarker stability and functions as a lung-proximal liquid biopsy. By capturing non-volatile, high-molecular-weight analytes, including tumor-derived nucleic acids and proteins, EBC more closely reflects the underlying molecular mechanisms of the respiratory microenvironment. Nevertheless, the clinical translation of EBC remains constrained by severe sample dilution, unstandardized collection device architectures, and pre-analytical inconsistencies. This review summarizes the progression from VOCs profiling to EBC-based platforms, detailing recent advances in sample harvesting, ultrasensitive detection technologies, and multi-omics integration. Advancing EBC toward routine clinical use requires consensus-driven standard operating procedures and the application of machine learning algorithms to high-dimensional datasets. Future efforts should prioritize large-scale, multicenter prospective trials to validate specific EBC signatures, thereby establishing this technology as a reliable liquid biopsy for precision pulmonary oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 20","pages":"e70404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13680110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding Malignant Lung Ground Glass Opacities: A Radiologic-Pathologic Study From Pure to Semi-Solid Lesions.","authors":"Alessandro Bonis, Giulia Pagliarini, Vincenzo Verzeletti, Sara Cecchinato, Anna Michielin, Serena Zanardo, Marco De Silvestro, Luigi Lione, Chiara Giraudo, Eleonora Faccioli, Giorgio Cannone, Marco Mammana, Alessandro Rebusso, Giovanni Maria Comacchio, Marco Schiavon, Andrea Dell'Amore","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70384","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Ground-glass opacities (GGOs) are increasingly detected due to widespread low-dose CT screening for lung cancer. Among them, malignant GGOs (mGGOs) are a clinical challenge. This study aimed to compare the radiological and anatomopathological characteristics of pure and semi-solid mGGOs and to identify radiological predictive factors for consolidation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on patients resected due to mGGOs between 2016 and 2023. Patients were classified based on whether initially pure mGGOs remained pure or developed a solid component before surgery. Radiological, pathological, and molecular characteristics were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 135 patients, 61 (46%) mGGOs became partially solid during surveillance. Semi-solid mGGOs had a higher acinar component (p = 0.038) and larger pathological diameter (20 vs. 18 mm, p = 0.047), while pure mGGOs had a higher lepidic percentage (20% vs. 10%, p = 0.026). STAS and LVI were observed in 25% and 15% of cases. Logistic regression showed pleural contact was protective against consolidation (p = 0.033), while arterial vascularization was predictive of consolidation (p = 0.028). Five-year survival was comparable and satisfactory for both groups (81.7% for pures and 85.5% for semi-solids). Overall, LVI but no STAS was cause of a lower survival expectancy in the entire sample, regardless of consolidation (p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both pure and semi-solid mGGOs showed precocious pathological and molecular features. Surgical intervention with curative intent, even in pure GGOs, is accompanied by long expected survivals. Vascular features on imaging may help inform surgical decision-making, whereas pathological LVI may have prognostic significance in patients with mGGOs.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 17","pages":"e70384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13523728/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148841308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Signals of CRS and ICANS With Tarlatamab in Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer: Insights From a Small Case Study.","authors":"Juwhan Choi, Seunghun Lee, Sung Yong Lee","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.70389","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1759-7714.70389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tarlatamab, a delta-like ligand 3-targeted bispecific T-cell engager, has shown activity in previously treated small cell lung cancer (SCLC); however, real-world data on cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) remain limited. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of tarlatamab and laboratory findings associated with CRS in patients previously treated for extensive-stage SCLC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 11 patients who received tarlatamab through an expanded access program between October 2024 and May 2026. Repeated laboratory measurements were analyzed using generalized estimating equations and mixed-effects models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The objective response and disease control rates were 54.5% and 72.7%, respectively. The mean and median tumor size changes from baseline were -9.1% and -25.0%, respectively. The median progression-free survival and overall survival were 3.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.9-not reached) and 10.1 months (95% CI: 4.5-not reached), respectively. CRS occurred in seven patients (63.6%), with 10 events, all occurring during the first cycle and limited to Grade 1 or 2. No CRS event required tocilizumab treatment, intensive care unit admission, dose reduction, or treatment discontinuation. One patient developed Grade 3 ICANS and recovered fully. CRS events were associated with higher neutrophil percentages, lower lymphocyte percentages, and higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios than no-CRS events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tarlatamab shows encouraging antitumor activity and manageable toxicity in heavily pretreated Korean patients with SCLC. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may represent an exploratory, concurrent hematologic correlate of CRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":"17 18","pages":"e70389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13590431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149012843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}