Thoracic Cancer最新文献

{"title":"A Case of Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma With Recurrent Brain Metastasis due to Transformation to Small Cell Carcinoma During Adjuvant Atezolizumab Therapy.","authors":"Nao Kobayashi, Noriaki Sunaga, Masakiyo Yatomi, Ikuo Wakamatsu, Sohei Muto, Hayato Ikota, Rei Yamaguchi, Yoichi Ohtaki, Toshiteru Nagashima, Nobuteru Kubo, Tomomi Masuda, Yosuke Miura, Hiroaki Tsurumaki, Reiko Sakurai, Yasuhiko Koga, Takeshi Hisada, Toshitaka Maeno","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Histologic transformation from non-small cell to small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a resistance mechanism to immune checkpoint inhibitors. We report herein a case of lung adenocarcinoma who developed liver and brain metastases during adjuvant atezolizumab therapy. The patient underwent a craniotomy to resect a brain metastasis, which was pathologically diagnosed as SCLC. He subsequently received platinum-based chemotherapy with durvalumab, resulting in sustained regression of the liver metastases. This case demonstrates a metastatic brain tumor-acquired resistance to atezolizumab through histologic transformation from adenocarcinoma to SCLC. Therefore, rebiopsy is needed if recurrent disease appears during immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Plus Blue Dye for Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Miao Liu, Yang Yang, Bin Hua, Rui Feng, Tianyu Xu, Mengyuan Wang, Xiaowei Qi, Yingming Cao, Bo Zhou, Fuzhong Tong, Peng Liu, Hongjun Liu, Lin Cheng, Houpu Yang, Fei Xie, Siyuan Wang, Chaobin Wang, Yuan Peng, Danhua Shen, Lei Chen, Jun Jiang, Shu Wang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using radioisotope tracer plus blue dye is the gold standard after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in initially cN1 breast cancer patients, but clinical use still has limitations. This study aims to examine diagnostic performance of dual indocyanine green (ICG) and methylene blue tracing for SLNB in patients who have completed NAC for breast cancer with initially cN1 disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adult women (20-80 years of age) scheduled to undergo NAC for biopsy-proven cT0-3N1M0 primary invasive breast cancer were consecutively enrolled in this prospective, multicenter, cohort study. Upon the completion of NAC, SLNB was conducted using ICG and methylene blue, followed by axillary lymph node dissection. The primary outcome was the detection rate (DR); secondary outcomes included the false-negative rate (FNR) and adverse events associated with the use of tracers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 156 patients were enrolled; all underwent SLNB after NAC. The median number of lymph nodes retrieved during SLNB was 3 (range: 0-11). The DR was 97.4% (152/156; 95% CI, 93.6%-99.0%). The FNR was 6.7% (4/60; 95% CI, 2.6%-15.9%). Negative predictive value was 95.7% (88/92; 95% CI, 89.4%-98.3%). In the subgroup analysis stratified by ycN status, FNR was 4.0% (1/25; 95% CI, 0.7%-19.5%) and 8.6% (3/35; 95% CI, 3.0%-22.4%) in the ycN0 and ycN+ subgroups, respectively. No allergic reaction was reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SLNB with ICG plus methylene blue achieved a high DR and a very low FNR in breast cancer patients with initially cN1 disease.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov (https://www.</p><p><strong>Clinicaltrials: </strong>gov/), NCT02869815.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EGFR, TP53, and CUL3 Triple Mutation in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and its Potentially Poor Prognosis: A Case Report and Database Analysis.","authors":"Hiroto Hatano, Tatsuya Yoshida, Ryoko Higashiyama, Masahiro Torasawa, Yuji Uehara, Yuichiro Ohe","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Concurrent mutations in tumor protein p53 (TP53) or Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2-pathway components are linked to poor outcomes in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but the impact of triple mutations remains unclear. We report a case of EGFR-, TP53-, and Cullin 3 (CUL3)-mutant NSCLC in a 43-year-old woman with widespread metastases at diagnosis, including those in the contralateral lung, distant lymph nodes, pericardium, liver, bones, left adrenal gland, and brain. She received osimertinib as first-line therapy, but pericardial effusion and liver metastases progressed rapidly over 3 months, and she was switched to carboplatin and pemetrexed. By the eighth cycle of pemetrexed, the bone metastases had progressed, resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) due to bone marrow carcinomatosis. The patient received third-line therapy with albumin-bound paclitaxel and fourth-line therapy with docetaxel, but further treatment was suspended owing to DIC progression. She passed away 23 months after the initiation of osimertinib. Public database analysis revealed that the EGFR/TP53/CUL3 triple mutation accounts for 0.4% of EGFR-mutant NSCLC cases, yielding significantly shorter survival than EGFR mutations alone and likely shorter than EGFR/TP53 double mutations. Gaining a deeper understanding of the clinical significance of coexisting genetic mutations in patients with EGFR-mutant NSCLC will be crucial to develop future therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of DLL3 Expression as Prognostic Factor in Extensive Stage of Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated With First-Line Chemotherapy.","authors":"Hohyung Nam, Soon-Hee Jung, Jii Bum Lee, Jee Hyun Kong, Seungtaek Lim","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is known for its high proliferative rate and poor prognosis. Although Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) is specifically expressed on the surface of SCLC, the association of DLL3 with prognosis in SCLC remains uncertain. Hence, we aimed to evaluate prognostic role of DLL3 in extensive stage of SCLC treated with first-line chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 54 patients with extensive stage of SCLC (ES-SCLC) who were treated with first-line chemotherapy were included for our analysis. In addition, tissue specimen should be available for immuno-histochemical staining for DLL3, and their clinico-pathologic data, including progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), were obtained. DLL3 expression and the percentage of tumor cells with DLL3 positive among total cancer cells were analyzed microscopically and DLL3 high and DLL3 low were defined as the percentage of DLL3 positive tumor cells versus total cancer cells ≧ 75% and < 75%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DLL3 expression was not associated with any of the clinico-pathological characteristics such as age at diagnosis, sex, response to first-line chemotherapy, second-line chemotherapy (Yes or No), and number of metastatic sites. However, response to first-line chemotherapy and number of metastatic sites were correlated to PFS, while DLL3 expression and number of metastatic sites were correlated to OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DLL3 was highly expressed in SCLC, and not associated with any clinico-pathological characteristics. In survival outcome, DLL3 was correlated with worse OS, which suggests the prognostic role of DLL3 in ES-SCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomal PVRL4 Promotes Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression by Enhancing the Generation of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cell-Secreted TGF-β1.","authors":"Yahai Liang, Jinmei Li, Lihua Zhang, Jinling Zhou, Meilian Liu, Xiaoxia Peng, Weizhen Zheng, Zhennan Lai","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The cancer cell marker poliovirus receptor-like protein 4 (PVRL4) has been shown to be highly expressed in many cancers, including lung cancer. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a population of immature myeloid cells with immunosuppressive roles that can attenuate the anticancer response. Here, the precise functions and the relationship between PVRL4 and MDSCs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) progression were investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Detection of levels of mRNAs and proteins was conducted using qRT-PCR and western blotting. The CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, wound healing assays, and flow cytometry were used to explore cell growth, invasion, migration, and apoptosis, respectively. ELISA analysis detected TGF-β1 contents. LUAD mouse models were established for in vivo assay. Exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation. MDSCs were induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by cytokine or co-culture with cancer cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LUAD tissues and cells showed high PVRL4 expression, and PVRL4 deficiency suppressed LUAD cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and induced cell apoptosis in vitro, and impeded LUAD growth in vivo. Thereafter, we found that PVRL4 was packaged into exosomes in LUAD cells, and could be transferred into PBMCs to promote MDSC induction and the expression of MDSC-secreted TGF-β1. Functionally, the silencing of exosomal PVRL4 impaired LUAD cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and evoked cell apoptosis, which could be reversed by the incubation of TGF-β1-overexpressed MDSCs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Exosomal PVRL4 promoted LUAD progression by inducing the secretion of TGF-β1 in MDSCs, indicating a novel direction for LUAD immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142898355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Stratification and Adjuvant Chemotherapy for High-Risk Stage IA Lung Adenocarcinoma: The Unmet Needs.","authors":"Chen Shen, Haoran Liu, Bofei Li, Jiaming Wang, Yiyang Wang, Feichao Bao, Zhitao Gu, Wentao Fang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>To identify high-risk patients for recurrence in resected stage IA lung adenocarcinoma and evaluate the impact of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on their prognosis, as well as explore potential novel adjuvant therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive stage IA patients with ≥ 5% solid or micropapillary subtypes were analyzed. A nomogram was developed using Cox proportional hazards regression to predict recurrence-free survival (RFS). In the high-risk group after stratification, RFS was compared between patients receiving ACT and those under observation, as well as between patients with and without driver gene alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This real-world study included 1328 patients, with a 5-year RFS of 79.0%. T stage and predominant subtype were independent risk factors for RFS. Patients with T1c or solid/micropapillary-predominant tumors were stratified into a high-risk group (n = 483) using the nomogram. A significant difference in 5-year RFS was observed between the high- and low-risk groups (73.6% vs. 84.3%, p < 0.001). Among high-risk patients, sixty-seven (13.8%) received ACT; however, there was no improvement in 5-year RFS compared to observation alone (69.1% vs. 75.0%, p = 0.655). Testing rates for EGFR mutation and ALK fusion among high-risk patients were only 52.4% and 43.9%, respectively, while mutation rates reached up to 55.7% and 9.4%, respectively. These molecular alterations exhibited numerically worse 5-year RFS compared to wild-type (EGFR mutation, 70.6% vs. 87.8%, p = 0.108; ALK fusion, 66.3% vs. 73.6%, p = 0.404), though not significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ACT failed to meet the needs of stage IA patients with histological high-risk features. Further exploration of effective adjuvant target therapies is warranted for this patient subgroup.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Tracheal Obstruction Secondary to Cervical Liposarcoma Metastasis.","authors":"Haoyu Chen, Song Zhang, Haining Zhou","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tracheal obstruction can arise from multiple conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, foreign bodies, tumors, and acute heart failure. We report a case of a 43-year-old man with cervical liposarcoma who, following surgical excision, chemotherapy, and radiation, presented with severe dyspnea and was admitted to our hospital. A CT scan detected an endotracheal mass causing significant obstruction, suspected to be malignant. The patient required intensive care due to respiratory distress. Bronchoscopy revealed a red polypoid lesion causing nearly 90% tracheal narrowing, which was successfully resected using high-frequency electrotrap and argon coagulation, confirming it as a metastasis from the previously treated liposarcoma. Remarkably, there were no significant recurrences after 6 months. While lung metastases are frequent, intratracheal metastasis is rare; this case is the first documenting bronchial and tracheal metastasis of liposarcoma. It highlights the dangers of airway obstruction and the need for timely intervention. Although CT scans are helpful in identifying intrabronchial tumors, bronchoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosis and treatment, with several options available for urgent cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"USP8-Dependent Family Tyrosine Kinase Promotes the Malignant Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Upregulating Protein Tyrosine Kinase 2 Expression.","authors":"Yuechang Wu, Dubiao Xian, Yunzhong Liu, Ding Huang, Qingfeng Liu, Shubo Yang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a lethal malignancy, and the molecular underpinnings of its aggressive behavior are not fully understood. FYN proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase (FYN) has been linked to cancer progression, yet its role in ESCC remains elusive. This study investigated the influence of FYN on ESCC malignancy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the mRNA expression of FYN, while western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC) assays were performed to detect the protein expression of FYN, ubiquitin specific peptidase 8 (USP8) and protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2). Cell viability was measured with a cell counting kit-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FYN expression was increased in ESCC tissues and cells when compared with normal esophageal tissues and normal esophageal epithelial cells. Knockdown of FYN inhibited cell invasion, migration, stem-like traits, and glycolysis, while promoting apoptosis. USP8 was shown to stabilize FYN protein expression through its deubiquitinating activity in ESCC cells. Overexpression of FYN reversed the effects of USP8 silencing on the malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. FYN upregulated PTK2 expression in both TE1 and KYSE150 cell lines. Furthermore, PTK2 overexpression reversed the effects of FYN silencing on the malignant phenotypes of ESCC cells. Further, USP8 silencing-induced inhibitory effect on PTK2 protein expression was counteracted after FYN overexpression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>USP8-dependent FYN contributed to the malignant progression of ESCC by interacting with PTK2. Targeting this pathway may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for ESCC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathological Complete Response to a Single Dose of Pembrolizumab-Based Chemoimmunotherapy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung: A Case Report.","authors":"Yugo Matsumura, Seiya Ichihara, Kaori Nii, Kazumasa Nanjo, Naoki Kadota, Yoshio Okano, Hisanori Machida, Nobuo Hatakeyama, Hiroyuki Hino, Keishi Naruse, Tsutomu Shinohara, Shoji Sakiyama, Eiji Takeuchi","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We herein describe a patient with non-small-cell lung cancer who achieved pCR with a single dose of pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy followed by surgery. A 61-year-old man was referred to our hospital with wheezing and an abnormal chest shadow. Squamous cell carcinoma of the left lower lobe, cT2aN1M0 stage IIB, was diagnosed and pembrolizumab-based chemoimmunotherapy was initiated at the patient's request. One month later, chest CT revealed new ground-glass opacities of the lungs, which were judged to be a CTCAE grade 2 pneumonitis due to an immune-related adverse event (irAE). Therefore, steroid therapy was initiated. Prednisolone was tapered and discontinued as symptoms improved. A sleeve resection of the left lower lobe was performed, and a pathological complete response (pCR) was confirmed in a resected specimen. There has been no recurrence for 1 year and 7 months without treatment. This is the first case report of pCR to a single dose of chemoimmunotherapy followed by surgery for lung cancer. The present results suggest the potential of a single dose of chemoimmunotherapy to achieve pCR and cause irAEs in some patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying Risk Factors Associated With False-Negative Results in US-Guided Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Lung Biopsy of Subpleural Pulmonary Lesions.","authors":"Jiawei Yi, Mengjun Shen, Junhui He, Runhe Xia, Xinyu Zhao, Yin Wang","doi":"10.1111/1759-7714.15506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aims to investigate the factors influencing false-negative results in ultrasound-guided percutaneous transthoracic needle lung biopsy results (US-PTLB).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This ambispective cohort study included patients with subpleural pulmonary lesions who underwent US-PTLB with benign pathological findings between April 2017 and June 2022 (retrospective cohort) and between July 2022 and October 2022 (prospective cohort). In the retrospective cohort, comparative and logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for false-negative biopsy results. Stratified analyses based on these risk factors were performed in the prospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The retrospective cohort included 1747 (true-negative: false-negative, 1321:426) patients with negative biopsy results, which were analyzed by comparative and logistic regression analyses, and the results demonstrated that advanced age (> 56 years) (OR = 1.08, 95% CI: 1.07-1.09), small-sized lesions (< 3 cm) (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.38-2.34), lesions with necrosis (OR = 3.00, 95% CI: 2.29-3.92), contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) showing hyper-enhancement (OR = 5.87, 95% CI: 4.09-8.42) or iso-enhancement (OR = 2.81, 95% CI: 2.05-3.83), and the presence of hemoptysis (OR = 11.82, 95% CI: 5.16-27.08) or pneumothorax (OR = 7.90, 95% CI: 2.89-21.58) during the puncture were independent predictors of false-negative US-PTLB results. The results of stratified analyses in the prospective cohort were consistent with the retrospective cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Risk factors associated with false-negative results included advanced age (> 56 years), small-sized lesion (< 3 cm), presence of necrosis in the lesion, CEUS showing hyper-enhancement or iso-enhancement of the lesion, and hemoptysis or pneumothorax during puncture.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Number: ChiCTR2000029749.</p>","PeriodicalId":23338,"journal":{"name":"Thoracic Cancer","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}