Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-05-01Epub Date: 2025-04-04DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.005
Aisling M Chaney, Brian A Gordon
{"title":"[<sup>11</sup>C]ER176 images brain inflammation across TSPO genotypes and colocalizes with tau.","authors":"Aisling M Chaney, Brian A Gordon","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurately measuring brain inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial due to the role of inflammatory processes in neurodegeneration. In a recent study, Appleton, Finn, et al. used [<sup>11</sup>C]ER176, a novel translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO)-positron emission tomography (PET) tracer overcoming genotype-related binding issues, to show increased inflammation in early-onset AD, with patterns aligning more closely with tau pathology than amyloid deposition or atrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"315-316"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-05-01Epub Date: 2025-04-08DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.006
Kami Koldewyn, Hilary Richardson
{"title":"Understanding the development of social interaction perception.","authors":"Kami Koldewyn, Hilary Richardson","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a recent study, Im, Shirahatti, and Isik used voxel-wise encoding modelling to show that cues to social interaction predict brain activity in children aged 3-12 years. Their findings have implications for understanding early social development, and their approach holds promise for investigating other domains of cognitive development.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"317-318"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-05-01Epub Date: 2025-03-31DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.002
Baruch Haimson, Adi Mizrahi
{"title":"Integrating innate and learned behavior through brain circuits.","authors":"Baruch Haimson, Adi Mizrahi","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how innate predispositions and learned experiences interact to shape behavior is a central question in systems neuroscience. Traditionally, innate behaviors, that is, those present without prior learning and governed by evolutionarily conserved neural circuits, have been studied separately from learned behaviors, which depend on experience and neural plasticity. This division has led to a compartmentalized view of behavior and neural circuit organization. Increasing evidence suggests that innate and learned behaviors are not independent, but rather deeply intertwined, with plasticity evident even in circuits classically considered 'innate'. In this opinion, we highlight examples across species that illustrate the dynamic interaction between these behavioral domains and discuss the implications for unifying theoretical and empirical frameworks. We argue that a more integrative approach, namely one that acknowledges the reciprocal influences of innate and learned processes, is essential for advancing our understanding of how neuronal activity drives complex behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"319-329"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143765193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"MicroRNA regulation of enteric nervous system development and disease.","authors":"Amy Marie Holland, Reindert Jehoul, Jorunn Vranken, Stefanie Gabriele Wohl, Werend Boesmans","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The enteric nervous system (ENS), an elaborate network of neurons and glia woven through the gastrointestinal tract, is integral for digestive physiology and broader human health. Commensurate with its importance, ENS dysfunction is linked to a range of debilitating gastrointestinal disorders. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), with their pleiotropic roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation, serve as key developmental effectors within the ENS. Herein, we review the regulatory dynamics of miRNAs in ENS ontogeny, showcasing specific miRNAs implicated in both congenital and acquired enteric neuropathies, such as Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR), achalasia, intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND), chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO), and slow transit constipation (STC). By delineating miRNA-mediated mechanisms in these diseases, we underscore their importance for ENS homeostasis and highlight their potential as therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"268-282"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981837/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.008
Campbell Le Heron, Lee-Anne Morris, Sanjay Manohar
{"title":"Understanding disrupted motivation in Parkinson's disease through a value-based decision-making lens.","authors":"Campbell Le Heron, Lee-Anne Morris, Sanjay Manohar","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurobehavioural disturbances such as loss of motivation have profound effects on the lives of many people living with Parkinson's disease (PD), as well as other brain disorders. The field of decision-making neuroscience, underpinned by a plethora of work across species, provides an important framework within which to investigate apathy in clinical populations. Here we review how changes in a number of different processes underlying value-based decision making may lead to the common phenotype of apathy in PD. The application of computational models to probe both behaviour and neurophysiology show promise in elucidating these cognitive processes crucial for motivated behaviour. However, observations from the clinical management of PD demand an expanded view of this relationship, which we aim to delineate. Ultimately, effective treatment of apathy may depend on identifying the pattern in which decision making and related mechanisms have been disrupted in individuals living with PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"297-311"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143721633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.002
Min Chen, Hailan Hu
{"title":"A novel brainstem nucleus orchestrating reward and aversion.","authors":"Min Chen, Hailan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reward processing is a critical brain function. Zichó and colleagues recently identified a previously unrecognized brainstem nucleus, the subventricular tegmental nucleus (SVTg), as a novel reward center that modulates dopamine release and regulates reward processing by balancing the lateral habenula (LHb)-ventral tegmental area (VTA) axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"243-244"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-03-22DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.006
Matthijs A A van der Meer, Daniel Bendor
{"title":"Awake replay: off the clock but on the job.","authors":"Matthijs A A van der Meer, Daniel Bendor","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hippocampal replay is widely thought to support two key cognitive functions: online decision-making and offline memory consolidation. In this review, we take a closer look at the hypothesized link between awake replay and online decision-making in rodents, and find only marginal evidence in support of this role. By contrast, the consolidation view is bolstered by new computational ideas and recent data, suggesting that (i) replay performs offline fictive learning for later goal-oriented behavior; and (ii) replay tags memories prior to sleep, prioritizing them for consolidation. Based on these recent advances, we favor an updated and refined role for awake replay - that is, supporting prioritized offline learning and tagging outside the hippocampus - rather than a direct, online role in guiding behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"257-267"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143693467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.003
Adam P Swiercz, Mumeko C Tsuda, Heather A Cameron
{"title":"The curious interpretation of novel object recognition tests.","authors":"Adam P Swiercz, Mumeko C Tsuda, Heather A Cameron","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel object recognition tasks are commonly used to assess memory in rodents. These tests rely on an innate preference for exploring objects that are new or have been moved or changed. However, this preference, while normally seen in control conditions, is not immutable. Stressful experiences as well as lesions and genetic mutations can lead mice and rats to show clear preferences for exploring familiar objects and familiar locations. This opinion article discusses the evidence for changes in novelty preference, implications of this lability for assessing memory, and the significance of shifts in novelty preference as a readout of changes in curiosity with implications in approach-avoidance behavior and explore-exploit decision-making. Finally, we provide some recommendations for reporting and interpreting novelty preference task findings moving forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"250-256"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12087062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143630833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-03-10DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.007
Mathilde Solyga, Florence Besse
{"title":"Attenuating the neuronal response to chronic stress through transcription factor aggregation.","authors":"Mathilde Solyga, Florence Besse","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How do neurons cope with chronic stress? In a recent study using blind Drosophila models, Shekhar and colleagues uncovered that chronic sensory deprivation induces brain-wide accumulation of aggregates sequestering transcription factors of the Integrated Stress Response (ISR). However, this protective mechanism prevents cells from triggering adapted transcriptional responses upon exogenous stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"245-246"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143605995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in NeurosciencesPub Date : 2025-04-01Epub Date: 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2024.12.011
Zoe M Tapp, Amiya K Ghosh, Karl H Obrietan, Leah M Pyter
{"title":"Mechanistic insights into chemotherapy-induced circadian disruption using rodent models.","authors":"Zoe M Tapp, Amiya K Ghosh, Karl H Obrietan, Leah M Pyter","doi":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tins.2024.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy treatment can significantly increase the survival of patients with cancer, but it also causes collateral damage in the body that can lead to treatment dose reductions and can reduce patient quality of life. One understudied side effect of chemotherapy is circadian disruption, which is associated with lasting biological and behavioral toxicities. Mechanisms of how chemotherapy alters circadian rhythms remain largely unknown, although leveraging rodent models may provide insights into causes and consequences of this disruption. Here, we review physiological, molecular, and behavioral evidence of central and peripheral circadian disruption in various rodent models of chemotherapy and discuss possible mechanisms driving these circadian disruptions. Overall, restoring circadian rhythms following treatment-induced disruptions may be a novel target by which to improve the health and quality of life of survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23325,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Neurosciences","volume":" ","pages":"283-296"},"PeriodicalIF":15.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981850/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143024889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}