Translational Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of copper feeding strategies and sources on nursery and finishing pig performance.","authors":"Samantha A Swanson, Jason C Woodworth, Mike D Tokach, Robert D Goodband, Joel M DeRouchey, Katelyn N Gaffield, Jordan T Gebhardt, Roger Cochrane, Matt Einarson","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two experiments evaluated the use of approximately 150 mg/kg of added Cu in nursery and finishing pig diets. In Exp. 1, 2204 pigs (initially 5.3 ± 0.09 kg) were used in a 38-d study with 29 pigs/pen and 19 pens/treatment. Pens of pigs were allotted to four feeding strategies in a randomized complete block design. Strategies consisted of feeding duration of 150 mg/kg added Cu: (i) control with 17 mg/kg added Cu, (ii) 150 mg/kg added Cu in phase 3, (iii) 150 mg/kg added Cu in phases 2 and 3, and (iv) 150 mg/kg added Cu in all phases. Treatment diets were fed based on feed budgets of 1.8 kg/pig for phase 1 (d 0 to approximately 10), 5.4 kg/pig for phase 2 (approximately d 10 to 24), and phase 3 was fed for the remainder of the trial (approximately d 24 to 38). Diets within each phase contained either 17 mg/kg (base) or the 17 mg/kg provided by the premix with an additional 150 mg/kg Cu from tribasic copper chloride (NexTrace TBCC, 58%, SAM Nutrition, Bloomington, MN). All diets contained 3000 mg/kg Zn in phase 1 and 2000 mg/kg Zn in phase 2. In phase 2, pigs fed 150 mg/kg added Cu had greater average daily gain (ADG; <i>P</i> = 0.012) and average daily feed intake (ADFI; <i>P</i> = 0.021) than pigs fed the control diet. However, no differences were observed among strategies for overall performance. In Exp. 2, 2160 pigs (initially 24.1 ± 0.60 kg) were used in a 110-d study with 27 pigs/pen and 20 pens/treatment. Pens of pigs were allotted to one of four treatments: base level of Cu or 150 mg/kg Cu from TBCC source 1 (NexTrace TBCC, 58%, SAM Nutrition, Bloomington, MN), TBCC source 2 (Intellibond C, 54%, Selko, Tilburg, Netherlands), and CuSO₄ (25.2%, Phibro Animal Health Corp., Teaneck, NJ). All diets contained basal Cu from the premix with those containing added Cu containing an additional 150 mg/kg Cu from treatment sources. From d 0 to 56, pigs fed added Cu had greater ADG (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and a tendency for increased ADFI and G:F (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.059) with no source differences. From d 56 to 110, no differences in growth were observed. Overall, the addition of 150 mg/kg Cu increased ADG (<i>P</i> = 0.018) and final weight (<i>P</i> = 0.008) and a tendency for increased ADFI (<i>P</i> = 0.072); however, there were no differences observed between Cu source. In summary, 150 mg/kg added Cu provided limited overall benefit in the nursery when 2000 to 3000 mg/kg of Zn were fed. In grow-finish pig diets, 150 mg/kg of added Cu improved growth performance regardless of source, with the greatest response during the early growing phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13489703/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of pumpkin seeds as an alternative anthelmintic to reduce parasite burden in naturally infected lambs.","authors":"M Tacuri Vera, M Schramm, A E Relling, B A Wenner, B J Campbell","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag112","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasite control continues to be an important management consideration for small ruminant producers worldwide because of the increased cost associated with anthelmintic treatment and the growing risk of parasite resistance to commercially available anthelmintics. As an alternative, pumpkin seeds (PS) have demonstrated anthelmintic properties in vitro that may be applied on-farm to control parasitic infection. Therefore, the objective of these experiments was to evaluate lamb growth and monitor parasite burden in lambs offered PS supplemented growing diets by measuring lamb body weight (BW), dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), fecal egg count (FEC), FAMACHA eye score (FAM), and packed cell volume (PCV). We hypothesized that the supplementation of PS would decrease parasite burden in growing lambs. Analysis of data included fixed effects of pen and treatment, random effect of lamb, with repeated effect of week. In Experiment 1, all lambs were fed a common pelleted diet for 28 days. The control group (CON) was supplemented with 0.21 kg as fed/hd/day of whole shell corn while the PS group was supplemented with 0.45 kg as fed/hd/day. These treatments were isocaloric and limit fed. At the conclusion of the supplementation period (d 28), lamb BW was lesser for those lambs offered PS when compared with CON (<i>P</i> < 0.01). In addition, there was evidence of compensatory gain as lamb ADG tended to be greater post-treatment for PS lambs when compared with CON lambs (<i>P</i> = 0.14). Lamb FAM and log₁₀(FEC) did not differ between treatments (<i>P</i> > 0.05). However, lamb PCV was greater (<i>P</i> < 0.01) for PS supplemented lambs when compared with CON lambs during the duration of the supplementation period (Week 1-4). In Experiment 2, lambs were fed a common meal diet with differing concentrations of ground PS (0-g [A], 100-g [B], and 200-g [C], respectively) for 14 days. Lamb BW at the conclusion of the supplementation period (d 14) and lamb ADG had linear effects whereas the concentration of PS in the diet increased, lamb BW decreased (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Additionally, there was no evidence of post-treatment compensatory growth (<i>P</i> < 0.33) and no differences in lamb PCV, log₁₀FEC, and FAM (<i>P</i> > 0.12). Under the conditions of these experiments, animal growth decreased, and parasite burden remained unchanged for lamb offered PS. Additional research may be considered to better understand a preferred method of PS feed delivery that does not negatively impact lamb DMI and growth.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13451080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of pellet quality and pellet die thickness on growth performance of finishing pigs.","authors":"Patrick A Badger, Haley K Otott, Charles R Stark, Adam Donnelly, Robert Goodband, Nelsa M Beckman, Allison K Blomme, Diego A Lopez, Chad B Paulk","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag111","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of percentage pellet fines and pellet die thickness on finishing pig growth performance. In Exp. 1, 350 finishing pigs (600 × 241; DNA, Columbus, NE) were used over time across three separate weight ranges. In each of the three studies, there were 10 pigs per pen and seven pens per treatment. The three weight ranges were 44 to 68, 81 to 106, and 118 to 144 kg. Treatments consisted of a meal control diet and pelleted diets with 9 to 16, 41 to 47, 60 to 68, and 84 to 91% fines measured at the feeder. From 44 to 68 kg pigs, meal as percentage fines at the feeder increased, ADFI increased (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.006) and G: F decreased (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.002). Pigs fed the diet averaging 13% fines had increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) G: F compared to those fed the meal diet. For 81 to 106 kg pigs, ADFI increased (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.016) and G: F decreased (linear, <i>P</i> < 0.001) as percentage fines at the feeder increased. Pigs fed pellets with an average of 13% fines had increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) G: F compared to pigs fed the meal diet. From 118 to 144 kg pigs, ADFI increased (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.006) and G: F increased (linear, <i>P</i> = 0.002) as percentage fines at the feeder increased. Pigs fed pellets with up to 42% fines had improved (<i>P</i> < 0.05) G: F compared to pigs fed meal feed. In Exp. 2, 314 pigs (initially 52 kg) were used in a 76-day study to evaluate the effects of pellet die thickness on pig growth performance. Treatments consisted of a meal control diet or pelleted diets from a thick die effective length: diameter (L: D) ratio of 8.7 fed as-is, pellets from a thin die (L: D 5.5) fed as-is, screened thin die pellets (L: D 5.5), and screened pelleted fines fed as a meal. There were nine pigs per pen and seven pens per treatment. Overall, pigs fed thick die pellets (L: D 8.75, 28% fines) had increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) ADG compared to those fed either meal, thin die pellets (L: D 5.5, 42% fines), or pellet fines. Pigs fed L: D 8.75 pellets had increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) G: F compared to pigs fed the meal treatment. In conclusion, minimizing the amount of pellet fines present at the feeder increased G: F. Increasing pellet die thickness which reduced the amount of pellet fines at the feeder also led to an improvement in ADG and G: F compared to pigs fed meal diets, diets pelleted using the L: D 5.5, or pellet fines.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13509956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts on water quality before and after water line cleaning and disinfection with peracetic acid in swine farms.","authors":"Gabrielle E Doughan, Becca K Walthart, Meredith B Petersen, Cora E Schau, Kristin J Skoland, Justin T Brown, Scott L Radke, Jessica L Bonnema, Danyang Zhang, Chong Wang, Locke A Karriker","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While it is well recognized that maintaining good water quality is a cornerstone of swine husbandry, research on its role in swine health, performance, and management remains limited. This study evaluated the impacts on water quality after a 0.78% peracetic acid administration in water lines for 24 h between groups of pigs to remove water line mineral scale and biofilm. A secondary objective of the study was to evaluate if there were water quality differences between the water sample location (well source vs. rooms). Six, wean-to-finish swine farms in Iowa sourcing water from on-site wells were enrolled in the study and water samples were collected pre-treatment (0), post-treatment (1), and 3, 5, 7, 14, 21, 42, 56, and 77 d post-treatment. Water samples were tested for minerals, nitrate, sulfate, total dissolved solids, on-farm temperature, on-farm and in-lab pH, total coliforms and <i>E. coli</i>. Study results demonstrated that most chemical water quality parameters (calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, phosphorus, potassium, selenium) were not significantly different over sample collection dates, sample locations, and the interaction terms. Total coliforms, total dissolved solids, zinc, on-farm and in-lab pH, and water temperature displayed significant differences. This study showed that total coliforms were not statistically significant pre-and post-treatment with a one-time application of 0.78% peracetic acid for 24 h, and that total coliforms numerically peaked and reached the upper reporting limit at 7 d post-treatment in rooms. Total coliforms were significantly different between sample locations (well source vs. room water lines), with room water lines having greater total coliform counts. These results demonstrate that an application of 0.78% of peracetic acid does not significantly impact most chemical water quality parameters post-treatment. Water sample location demonstrated significant differences in microbial water quality, with rooms water samples having significantly greater total coliforms than well collected samples. This demonstrates that water line biofilms are potentially contributing to decreased water quality in farms. Room vs. well differences were appreciated for total dissolved solids, on-farm and in-lab pH, and water temperature. This research provides further water sampling guidance considering multiple locations and provides additional insights into water line management strategies in swine farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13600367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of economic selection indexes for beef-on-dairy systems and implication for sire re-ranking in U.S. production systems.","authors":"Larissa E Meier, Bruce L Golden, Scott Newman, Matthew L Spangler","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag107","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid expansion of beef-on-dairy (B×D) crossbreeding in the United States has increased the need for selection tools tailored to this unique production system. The objectives of this study were to develop economic selection indexes specific to B×D systems under U.S. conditions and to evaluate the extent of sire re-ranking relative to conventional beef-on-beef (B×B) indexes. The current study utilized iGENDEC, a web-based decision support platform hosted by the Beef Improvement Federation. iGENDEC enables users to enter enterprise-specific information related to breeding goals, breeding systems, economic costs/returns, and current phenotypic performance. Using stochastic simulation, iGENDEC creates a simulated population informed by the user's parameters to enable calculation of the marginal economic value of each trait in the specified breeding objective. Using iGENDEC, economic selection indexes were constructed for multiple crossbreeding scenarios incorporating traits related to carcass merit, feed intake, and calving performance. Beef bulls (<i>n</i> = 27,123) were evaluated to quantify differences in ranking across production systems and index assumptions. Results indicated that BxD systems placed greater economic emphasis on feed intake and hot carcass weight, while B×B systems placed more emphasis on carcass marbling. Despite strong Spearman rank correlations between indexes (average = 0.931), only 70.7% of the 100 top-ranked sires overlapped between B×D and B×B systems, indicating meaningful differences in sire selection. Differences in production assumptions, including carcass weight targets and days on feed, further influenced economic weights and selection outcomes. Opportunity costs associated with using B×B-based indexes in B×D systems averaged $3.24 per exposure with a maximum value of $8.26 per exposure. These findings demonstrate that even small differences in index construction can lead to suboptimal sire selection and reduced profitability. Consequently, selection indexes should be tailored to specific production environments to ensure alignment with economic drivers and to maximize genetic progress in beef-on-dairy systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of fixed and changing dietary forage neutral detergent fiber levels on ingestive behavior and blood biomarkers of Nellore bulls in the feedlot.","authors":"Mailza Gonçalves de Souza, Filipe Araújo Canêdo Mendonça, João Pedro Azevedo Ventorin, Rafael Perches Guiducci, Matheus Sousa de Paula Carlis, Dante Pazzanese Duarte Lanna","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag108","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag108","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study investigated the effects of fixed and variable dietary forage neutral detergent fiber (fNDF) levels during the finishing feedlot period on ingestive behavior and blood biomarkers in Nellore bulls. Fifty-six Nellore bulls (initial BW: 460 ± 38 kg; age: 20 ± 1 months) were randomly allocated to four pens, with 14 animals per pen equipped with an automated feeding system (GrowSafe), the animal was considered the experimental unit. The study followed a completely randomized design. Bulls were fed for 100 d. dietary treatments were evaluated in two, fifty-day periods. In the first period (0-50 days), animals received diets with 12% or 7% fNDF. In the second period (51-100 days), one pen per treatment remained on the same diet, whereas the others switched fNDF levels (12%-7% step-down strategy or 7%-12% fNDF step-up strategy). Corn silage was used as the source of fNDF. Feeding, rumination, and resting behaviors were visually assessed by trained observers over 24 h on days 21, 42, 71, and 92. Blood samples were collected after each observation to determine lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), haptoglobin, and serum amyloid A (SAA) concentrations. Data were analyzed using the GLM procedure of SAS, considering a completely randomized design. Means were compared using Tukey's test (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; ≤ 0.05). In the first period, bulls fed 12% fNDF exhibited greater rumination at 21 (354.7 vs. 296.3 min/day; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02) and 42 days (363.6 vs. 254.2; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). In the second period, on day 71, the increase from 7% to 12% fNDF step-up strategy raised rumination, while the decrease from 12% to 7% fNDF step-down strategy reduced rumination time (346.7 vs. 269 min/day; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.02), with bulls maintained on continuous 12% or 7% fNDF exhibiting intermediate rumination times. On day 92, bulls maintained on 12% fNDF exhibited longer rumination times (343.3 vs. 285 min/day; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; = 0.03). Idle time was greater in bulls fed 7% fNDF in period 1 (1037.4 vs. 935.2; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). In period 2, switching 7%-12% fNDF step-up strategy reduced idle time (993.7), whereas 12%-7% fNDF step-down strategy increased it (1045; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). On day 92, 12% fNDF exhibited lower idle time (935 vs. 1075; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Eating time was greater in bulls fed 12% fNDF at day 71 (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Chewing time was greater at 42 days (504.2 vs. 395.7; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) and at 71 and 92 days for 12% (477.1 vs. 408; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01 and 493 vs. 351; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Regarding blood parameters, LDH concentration was lower for 12% fNDF at 71 (1808 vs. 2274 U/L; &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01) and 92 days (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). No differences were observed for haptoglobin or serum amyloid A (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &gt; 0.05). During the first period (days 0-50), a significant interaction between rumination time and fNDF level was observed for LDH concentration (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01); in bulls fed 7% fNDF, LDH decreased linearly with increased rumination (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01). Haptoglobin was also affected (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13509959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148832506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear mixed models to describe the growth of Columbia sheep in Mexico.","authors":"Ricardo Martínez-Rocha, Rodolfo Ramírez-Valverde, Rafael Núñez-Domínguez, Joel Domínguez-Viveros, Víctor Díaz Sanchez, Jonathan Valerio-Hernández, Katherine Scheflen, Jorge Hidalgo","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag100","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our objective in this study was to identify the nonlinear mixed model that best describes the growth curve of Columbia sheep within the central region of Mexico. The study was conducted using a total of 1886 live body weight records (birth to 450 days of age) from 174 Columbia Sheep (90 males and 84 females). Only animals with at least four weight records were considered in the study. The sheep were fed twice daily with a ration of corn silage and oat hay. Animals were weaned at an average age of 75 days. Growth curves were fitted using four nonlinear mixed models: Brody, Logistic, Von Bertalanffy, and Gompertz. In all models, the asymptotic body weight (A), integration constant (b), and maturity rate (k) were estimated, with A and k modeled as both fixed and random effects. Sex was included as a fixed effect affecting only the A and k parameters. A model comparison was performed using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), which states that lower AIC indicates better fit. Among the evaluated models, the Von Bertalanffy model provided the best fit for the data. Estimated parameters for females were A = 40.26 kg, b = 0.516, and k = 0.011 day^-1, while the sex effects for males were + 9.55 kg for A and -0.001 for k. These estimates indicate that males reach higher mature body weights while maturing slightly more slowly than females. Including random effects for A and k improved model accuracy by reducing residual variance. These results provide useful information on growth characterization may help define age or weight targets for further evaluation of slaughter strategies in Columbia sheep.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426000/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a cheese co-product fed in lactation and nursery diets on sow, litter, and subsequent nursery pig performance.","authors":"Grady A Privett, Jason C Woodworth, Joel M DeRouchey, Katelyn N Gaffield, Jordan T Gebhardt, Mike D Tokach, Robert D Goodband, Diego A Lopez","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag106","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 86 sows (Line 241, DNA Genetics, Columbus, NE) were used to determine the effects of a cheese co-product added to lactation diets on sow and litter performance. Sows in three separate farrowing groups (approximately 31 ± 1 sows per group) were moved into the farrowing house and blocked by parity on day 112 ± 1 of gestation. Sows then were assigned to one of two dietary treatments which consisted of a standard corn-soybean-based lactation diet (control) or the control diet with 4% cheese co-product (Pro88; Keys Manufacturing, Paris, IL, USA) added at the expense of soybean meal on a digestible Lys-basis. The addition of the cheese co-product in lactation diets did not affect sow or litter performance. Offspring from the third farrowing group (395 pigs; DNA Line 241 × 600; initially 5.8 kg) were followed into the nursery and used in a 2 × 2 factorial to evaluate the effects of previous sow lactation feed treatment and addition of the cheese co-product in nursery diets in a 35-d growth trial. Nursery treatments included either a control diet or the control diet with 4% added cheese co-product fed in phases 1 (days 0 to 9) and 2 (days 9 to 21) followed by a common diet fed to all pigs in phase 3 (days 21 to 35). The cheese co-product was added at the expense of enzyme treated soybean meal in the nursery diets on a digestible Lys-basis. No sow × nursery interactions were observed. Offspring from the third group of sows fed the cheese co-product were heavier (<i>P</i> < 0.001) at weaning than those not fed cheese co-product, and this body weight advantage was maintained throughout the experiment. There was a tendency (<i>P</i> = 0.058) for fewer pigs fed the cheese co-product in the nursery to lose body weight from days 0 to 3 after weaning, regardless of previous sow treatment. During the nursery experimental period (days 0 to 21 post-weaning) and overall (days 0 to 35), pigs weaned from sows fed the cheese co-product tended to have increased (<i>P</i> < 0.10) gain-to-feed ratio (G: F). There were no effects on average daily gain or feed intake due to previous sow treatment. In addition, during the experimental period and overall, feeding the cheese co-product in the nursery diet increased (<i>P</i> < 0.05) G: F compared with pigs fed the control diet. In conclusion, feeding a cheese co-product either in lactation or early nursery diets at the expense of soybean meal or a specialty soy protein, respectively, increased G: F of pigs throughout the nursery period.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13424426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148653967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity and population structure of Mexican Gir cattle using genome-wide SNP data.","authors":"Ricardo Martínez-Rocha, Jonathan Emanuel Valerio-Hernández, Rafael Núñez-Domínguez, Rodolfo Ramírez-Valverde, Joel Domínguez-Viveros, Juan Fernando Saiz, Julius Mugambe, Jorge Hidalgo","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag094","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study characterizes the genomic diversity and population structure of Mexican Gir cattle. We sampled 226 animals from three tropical herds and isolated DNA from hair samples was genotyped using the GGP Indicus 50K array. After quality control, 212 animals and 28,394 autosomal SNPs remained for a within-breed analysis. We merged the Mexican Gir dataset with an available online database involving 134 worldwide breeds. The combined dataset was used for across-breed comparisons, with 9091 shared SNPs. Within-breed diversity was high (Heterozygosity Observed = 0.40; Heterozygosity Expected = 0.38), and genomic inbreeding by Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium ( <math> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>I</mi> <mi>S</mi></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>0.04</mn></math> ), by Genomic Relationship Matrix ( <math> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>GRM</mi></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <mn>0.02</mn></math> ) and by Runs of Homozygosity ( <math> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>ROH</mi></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.07</mn></math> ) was low. Runs of Homozygosity were dominated by short segments (1-2 Mb), which accounted for 75% of the total detected segments, consistent with historical rather than recent inbreeding. Multidimensional scaling grouped Mexican Gir with Asian zebu, particularly Gir from India and Pakistan; pairwise Fixation Index values were lowest versus Gir, Red Sindhi, Lohani, Rojhan, and Tharparkar, and IBS heatmaps showed greater similarity to Asian indicine than to unrelated zebu. ADMIXTURE-supported ancestry components were concordant with the breed's introduction history. Overall, Mexican Gir exhibit ample genetic variability and low recent inbreeding, providing a robust foundation to intensify selection for productivity and tropical adaptation while safeguarding diversity. These results support genomic monitoring ( <math> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>I</mi> <mi>S</mi></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </math> , <math> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>GRM</mi></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </math> , <math> <mrow> <mrow> <mrow> <msub><mrow><mi>F</mi></mrow> <mrow><mi>ROH</mi></mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mrow> </mrow> </math> ), balanced sire usage, and targeted germplasm introduction as management priorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag094"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13588704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of conventional and high-oleic soybean oil supplementation on rumen microbiology, physiology, immunity, and growth of recently weaned Brangus steers.","authors":"Marcelo Vedovatto, Hiam Marcon, Matheus F L Ferreira, Ashley K Edwards, Joao V Chinaglia, Gilmara P Leite, Kelsey M Harvey, Brooklyn Laubinger, Barbara R Dos Reis","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag099","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current experiment evaluated the effects of conventional (CSBO) and high-oleic soybean oils (HOSBO) on rumen microbiology, physiology, immunity, and growth of beef steers during a 56-day preconditioning period. Seventy-two Brangus steers (body weight [BW] = 248 ± 30.6 kg) were assigned to 1 of 3 treatments (4 pastures per treatment; 6 steers/pasture): (i) no oil (Control), (ii) CSBO, or (iii) HOSBO. Oils were supplemented at 0.06% BW/day mixed with soybean hulls, which were offered at 0.8% BW/day. Bermudagrass hay was provided ad libitum. Steers were vaccinated against respiratory diseases on day 0, and BW and blood samples were collected on days 0, 21, and 56, while rumen fluid was collected on days 0 and 56. The CSBO steers had lower rumen bacterial richness (<i>P</i> = 0.05) and a tendency toward lower Shannon indices (<i>P</i> = 0.10) than others at the phylum level. Furthermore, HOSBO steers had greater plasma oleic acid concentrations (<i>P</i> = 0.05) than other steers on days 21 and 56. The CSBO steers had greater plasma linoleic acid concentrations (<i>P</i> < 0.01) than HOSBO steers, which in turn had greater concentrations than Control steers on days 21 and 56. The HOSBO steers tended to have greater plasma α-linolenic acid concentrations (<i>P</i> = 0.08) than others on day 21. However, CSBO steers had greater plasma cortisol concentrations (<i>P</i> = 0.05) than Control steers and did not differ from HOSBO steers on day 21. In addition, CSBO steers tended to have greater serum alanine aminotransferase concentrations (<i>P</i> = 0.09) on day 56 than others. The CSBO steers had greater serum titers (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) against bovine viral diarrhea virus types 1 (BVDV-1) and 2 (BVDV-2) than others. Moreover, HOSBO steers had greater serum titers against bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV; <i>P</i> = 0.03) on day 21 than others. Additionally, on day 56, HOSBO steers tended (<i>P</i> = 0.10) to have greater BW than CSBO steers, which in turn tended (<i>P</i> = 0.10) to have greater BW than Control steers. Thus, HOSBO and CSBO supplementation had a low effect on rumen microbiology but modified plasma fatty acid profiles, increasing linoleic acid with CSBO and oleic acid with HOSBO supplementation. These changes resulted in distinct immune responses, with CSBO enhancing responses to BVDV-1 and BVDV-2, and HOSBO enhancing responses to BRSV. Moreover, HOSBO was more effective than CSBO in supporting the growth of recently weaned Brangus steers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148631734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}