Translational Animal Science最新文献

{"title":"Short communication: performance of beef cows fed Kernza intermediate wheatgrass straw mixed with alfalfa haylage.","authors":"Dante M Pizarro, Arin Crooks, Michel A Wattiaux, Valentin D Picasso","doi":"10.1093/tas/txaf131","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txaf131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kernza intermediate wheatgrass (<i>Thinopyrum intermedium</i> [Host] Barkworth & D.R. Dewey) is a novel dual-use perennial grain and forage crop with environmental and economic benefits for farmers. Perennial crop byproducts, such as Kernza straw, have been suggested as an alternative forage source in livestock systems. However, there is limited information on cattle performance offered Kernza straw. Therefore, our study assessed the performance of mature beef cows fed Kernza straw mixed with a haylage composed of alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.) and cool-season grasses. Grasses included orchardgrass (<i>Dactylis glomerata</i> L.), meadow fescue (<i>Festuca pratensis</i> L.) and Kentucky bluegrass (<i>Poa pratensis</i> L.). Two feeding trials conducted in two different years were performed with 36 pregnant Angus cows (<i>Bos taurus</i>) in six pens of six animals each in a completely randomized design with three replications. Dietary treatments included: (i) a 100% grass-alfalfa haylage (control), and (ii) a 50% Kernza straw - 50% grass-alfalfa haylage. Average daily gain was lower in the Kernza straw cows than in the control group (0.41 vs 0.92 kg day^-1) in Trial 1 (<i>P </i>= 0.02) with no differences in Trial 2 (<i>P </i>= 0.13). Daily dry matter intake did not change in Trial 1 (<i>P </i>= 0.08), while for the cows offered Kernza straw it was reduced from 12.9 to 11.3 kg cow^-1day^-1 in Trial 2 (<i>P</i> < 0.01). There were no changes in body condition among cows fed different diets in both trials (<i>P </i>> 0.05). Therefore, 50% Kernza straw can be successfully used in beef cow diets at least for 60 days without negative impacts on animal performance and potential economic and environmental benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txaf131"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12967033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147378670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary yeast culture supplementation alleviates transportation stress in goats.","authors":"Pei Qi, Lizhi Wang, Wanguo Wang","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The addition of yeast cultures to diets has been demonstrated to maintain the homeostasis of the rumen endo-environment and to enhance the body's immunity. However, the effect of yeast cultures on alleviating transportation stress remains unclear. A total of 16 goats were randomly distributed into 2 dietary treatments (8 replicates/treatment) as follows: Basic diet group (CON); basic diet + 0.3% YC group (YC). The experiment lasted for a total of 46 days, consisting of a 30-day growth trial, followed by a one-day transportation stress treatment, and subsequently a 14-day feeding trial. Samples were taken on days 31, 32, 39 and 46. The results showed that YC improved growth performance, as evidenced by an increase in the average daily gain and a reduction in feed intake and weight gain ratio in goats (<i>P</i> < 0.05). There was a significant interaction between time effect and dietary effect on the rumen histamine (His) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) content (<i>P</i> < 0.05). There were significant interactions between diet and time on serum interleukin (IL) -1β, IL -6, Tumor Necrosis Factor-α, Glutamic pyruvic transaminase, His, LPS and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) concentrations (<i>P</i> < 0.05). At the phylum level, Bacteroidota and Firmicutes showed significant interactions between time and diet (<i>P</i> < 0.05). These evidences suggests that the supplementation of YC in the diet has been demonstrated to significantly enhance the immune function of goats, while simultaneously maintaining the homeostasis of the intra-rumen environment. This has the beneficial effect of alleviating the physiological stress associated with transportation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13680091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149228485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of an oregano-based essential oil on growth performance and carcass traits of beef steers.","authors":"Bergin M DeBruin, Christina E Bakker, Keith R Underwood, Judson K Grubbs, Warren C Rusche, Zachary K Smith, Amanda D Blair","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag157","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to determine the influence of an oregano-based essential oil on growth performance, health outcomes, and carcass characteristics of yearling beef steers finished in an all-natural program. Single-sourced yearling steers (<i>N</i> = 128; initial body weight [BW] = 335 ± 7.9 kg) were allotted to 16 pens (<i>n</i> = 8 pens/treatment with 8 steers/pen). Steers were blocked by pen location in a randomized complete block design (<i>n</i> = 8 blocks total). Treatment groups consisted of (1) control group fed no oregano-based essential oil product (CON) and (2) a group fed 4 g/steer daily of By-O-Reg + Beef (Advanced Ag Products, Canton, SD; OEO). Steers were individually weighed on d 0 (arrival), d 38, d 66, d 108, and d 149 for growth performance measures. Steers were transitioned from a 70% concentrate diet to a 90% concentrate diet over the first 14 d and remained on the finishing diet until d 149. The finishing diet provided 1.37 Mcal/kg of NEg. Steers were evaluated daily for indications of disease or visible digestive disorders by a trained technician blinded to the treatments. Steers were harvested at a commercial packing facility when they reached a common compositional endpoint determined by visual assessment. Prior to carcass chilling, hot carcass weight and liver score was recorded for each carcass. Following chilling, ribeye area, 12th rib backfat thickness, marbling score, USDA Quality grade, USDA Yield grade, and instrumental color (<i>L*</i>, <i>a*</i>, <i>b*</i>) were recorded. Health outcomes were not influenced by dietary treatment (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.18). Inclusion of OEO did not influence (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.73) carcass-adjusted final BW, dry matter intake, average daily gain, gain: feed, observed dietary net energy for maintenance (NEm) or net energy for gain (NEg), observed-to-expected dietary NEm or NEg. No differences (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.30) were observed between treatment groups for carcass traits or the distribution of USDA Yield and Quality Grades (<i>P</i> = 0.94 and <i>P</i> = 0.79 respectively). Collectively, growth performance, health, and carcass traits of steers finished in an all-natural program in this experiment were not influenced by dietary inclusion of an oregano-based essential oil feed additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag157"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13677078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonality of bovine respiratory disease and mitigation techniques used in receiving beef cattle in the last 10 years: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Robin A Cheek, E B Kegley, S M Howe, A Goswami, J G Powell","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite recent advances in technology and biological, nutritional, and pharmaceutical products designed to mitigate disease, bovine respiratory disease (BRD) remains the leading cause of feedlot morbidity. The objectives were to (1) quantify the effects of BRD interventions that have been reported in the literature within the United States for the previous decade, and (2) to investigate seasonal effects on BRD incidence. A detailed literature search was conducted using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses methods. A total of 103 records (56 studies) met criteria by providing percentages of cattle treated at least once for BRD and reporting a control. Available data were extracted from each study for control groups and treatment groups and a logs risk ratio of both metrics (ai = controlBRD, bi = controlHealthy, ci = treatmentBRD, di = treatmentHealthy) was calculated for each record using the escalc function in the R package metafor (v4.8) in R (v4.5). A multi-level meta-analytical (MLMA) model was used to determine overall effects on BRD morbidity because data non-independence existed. The MLMA model yielded a pooled estimate for log ratios of 0.07 (<i>P</i> = 0.09) and indicated the presence of heterogeneity (Q = 336, <i>P</i> < 0.0001), suggesting that BRD incidence tended to decrease in treated cattle. When testing study-level characteristics, season (<i>P</i> = 0.02) and study location (<i>P</i> = 0.02) influenced overall BRD incidence. Metaphylactic programs (ln<i>OR = </i>0.17; <i>P</i> = 0.05) and technological diagnostic tools (ln<i>OR = </i>0.40; <i>P</i> = 0.06) modestly decreased overall BRD incidence. Metaphylactic experiments evaluating antimicrobial resistance reduced BRD incidence (ln<i>OR = </i>1.28; <i>P</i> = 0.01), specifically studies including tulathromycin. Nutritional experiments testing additional vitamin E (ln<i>OR = </i>-0.32; <i>P</i> = 0.05) and pelleting feed (ln<i>OR = </i>0.34; <i>P</i> = 0.08) had the greatest influence on BRD. The Egger's regression test for funnel plot asymmetry was performed which revealed significant asymmetry (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) suggesting evidence of publication bias. To conclude, BRD tended to decrease in cattle that were applied with treatments, but there was great variation among studies, therefore, the magnitude varied. The results support prioritizing management decisions based on environmental and regional conditions. Interventions for BRD in this analysis suggest that metaphylactic programs and technological diagnostics may be more effective in certain contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13662695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149196810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth performance, meat quality, and fatty acid profile of different chicken genotypes in selected areas of the hill tracts of Bangladesh.","authors":"Md Kabirul Islam Khan, Md Enamul Haq Hazary, Gous Miah, Ashutosh Das, Md Moksedul Momin, Tahmina Bilkis","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was carried out to evaluate the growth performance, meat quality, and fatty acid composition of various chicken genotypes [Spotted Black and White (SBW), Reddish Brown (RB) Hilly chicken, crossbred (Hilly × Fayoumi), and Non-descript deshi (ND)] in selected Hilly areas of Bangladesh from July 2018 to June 2022. In a semi-intensive production system, 50 male and 300 female chickens of each genotype were reared at a sex ratio of 1:6 through random mating. These chickens' growth performance (hatch weight, age and weight at sexual maturity, body weight at 35 weeks), proximate components of thigh and breast meat, dressing yields, different carcass characteristics, meat quality traits (muscle pH, drip loss, and cooking loss), and fatty acid profile were studied. Weights at sexual maturity of different chicken genotypes varied significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) between genotype and sexes across two locations. Mature live weight of chickens varied significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.05) by location, sex, and genotype. Compared to breast meat, thigh meat had higher crude protein (22.95-24.81 vs. 19.75-20.88). Thigh and breast meat contained higher ether extract values, with differences found by location, sex, and genotype. The pH of thigh meat varied from 6.12 to 6.36 in males and 6.06 to 6.20 in females, showing no influence by sex or genetics. Drip loss and cooking loss at 7 d varied significantly between breast and thigh meat. The nutritive value of meat for both SBW and RB Hilly chickens was similar to non-descriptive deshi but differed from crossbred chickens. Crossbred chickens had a more favourable fatty acid profile (unsaturated fatty acids) than others, and the main monounsaturated fatty acids C16:1, C18:1n-9, C22:1n-3, and C24:1n-5 in both breast and thigh meat. It can be concluded that Hilly chickens are suitable for meat production, and their production potential can be improved through conservation and improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13680093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149228529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic resistance confers protection against clinical severity, intestinal colonization, and mortality in weaned pigs experimentally challenged with pathogenic F18 and F4 InPEC <i>Escherichia coli</i>.","authors":"Rodrigo C Paiva, Lucina Galina Pantoja, Justin Holl, Ana Paula Poeta Silva, Nubia R Macedo, Eric R Burrough, Phillip C Gauger, Ethan K Aljets, Hao Tong, Pablo E Piñeyro, Marcelo N Almeida","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-weaning colibacillosis (PWC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in nursery pigs, affecting a large proportion of individuals on affected farms, caused by intestinal pathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) (InPEC). Its control requires comprehensive control strategies, including measures to address multidrug-resistant <i>E. coli</i> strains and reduced susceptibility to disinfectants. This study assessed the clinical outcome in two pig lines with distinct genetic susceptibility to enterotoxigenic <i>E. coli</i>: a resistant line (Genotype A) and a susceptible line (Genotype B), following experimental challenge with F18 and F4 (K88) pathogenic <i>E. coli</i> strains. At 7 d post-challenge, F18- and F4-challenged genotype B groups had lower body weight (-2.24 kg and -0.77 kg, respectively) and reduced average body temperature (-0.44 °C and -0.28 °C) compared with genotype A pigs. Genotype B pigs exhibited higher lethargy scores and greater loss of body condition compared with genotype A pigs. Following F18 and F4 challenge, genotype B pigs had 6.72-fold (95% CI 2.56-17.60) and 9.06-fold (95% CI 3.95-20.74) higher odds, respectively, of developing a diarrhea score 3 (liquid feces) compared to genotype A pigs. Genotypes A and B pigs shed the challenge strains after DPI 1; however, genotype B pigs challenged with F18 or F4 had increased odds of heavy shedding (score 4) compared with genotype A pigs, with odds ratios of 1.85 (95% CI 0.98-3.49) and 2.86 (95% CI 1.53-5.33), respectively. Marked distal jejunum and mild-to-moderate ileum colonization were observed in F18- and F4-challenged genotype B pigs, respectively, while no bacterial attachment was observed on genotype A pigs. Survival was significantly reduced (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05) in F18-challenged genotype B pigs and showed a decreasing trend (<i>P</i> = 0.07) in F4-challenged genotype B pigs, while no mortality was observed in genotype A pigs. These findings support the potential use of genetically resistant pigs as a promising strategy to reduce the clinical impact of PWC and warrant further investigation under field conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag148"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13649577/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of lubabegron fumarate feeding duration on the growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing steers.","authors":"Ty A Skartvedt, Emily D Dahlback, Dathan T Smerchek","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag147","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Angus-cross steers (<i>n</i> = 180; 483 kg<i> ± </i>56.9 [SD] initial BW) were used in a finishing trial to determine the effect of lubabegron fumarate (Experior 10, Elanco; Greenfield, IN, USA) feeding duration on growth performance and carcass outcomes. Steers were stratified by BW into 36 pens (5 steers/pen; 9 pens/treatment) and assigned 1 of 4 treatments: no lubabegron fumarate (LUB) supplementation (<b>CTRL),</b> or LUB supplementation on the last 21 (<b>LUB21</b>), 49 (<b>LUB49</b>), and 77 (<b>LUB77</b>) days prior to harvest. All LUB treatments received 36 mg/steer·d^-1 with a 4-day withdrawal prior to harvest. Body weights, blood, and ultrasound measurements were collected throughout the study. Serum glucose, NEFA, and insulin were used to calculate revised quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (RQUICKI) (De Sousa et al. 2022). Estimated ultrasound empty body fat (EBF) % was calculated using equations from Guiroy et al. (2002) and Tatum et al. (2012). Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design and repeated measures using Proc Mixed SAS 9.4. Steers fed LUB for 49 or 77 days had greater final shrunk body weight (<i>P</i> = 0.01) and HCW (<i>P</i> = 0.02) compared to CTRL steers with LUB21 being intermediate, while DMI was unchanged (<i>P</i> = 0.90). Feeding LUB tended to increase overall ADG (<i>P</i> = 0.09) and enhance G: F (<i>P</i> = 0.01) compared to CTRL. Estimated ultrasound EBF% was the least for LUB77 (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Feeding LUB for 77 days reduced marbling score compared to the other treatments (<i>P</i> < 0.01). Rib fat thickness tended to be lower in LUB77 compared to LUB21 (<i>P</i> = 0.09), while REA tended to be greater in LUB49 and LUB77 compared to CTRL (<i>P</i> = 0.06). No TRT × DAY effect interactions were observed for ultrasound intramuscular fat, rib fat, or ribeye area (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.13), although DAY effect (<i>P</i> < 0.01) indicated these measures increased over time. Serum NEFA concentrations were lower in LUB77 than in CTRL, LUB21, and LUB49 (<i>P</i> = 0.03), whereas insulin concentrations tended to be lower in LUB49 and LUB77 than in CTRL (<i>P</i> = 0.09), with LUB21 intermediate. Overall, LUB supplementation improved G: F without affecting DMI; LUB49 and LUB77 increased FSBW and HCW relative to CTRL, with LUB21 intermediate. Feeding LUB for 77 d reduced marbling score, whereas no statistically detectable reduction relative to CTRL was observed with 21 or 49 d of supplementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675101/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A retrospective evaluation on the effects of a <i>Bacillus</i>-based probiotic supplementation on milk yield, milk composition, health status, and reproductive performance of dairy cows in Argentina.","authors":"Elias Giugge, Fernando M Clemente, Melina Briosso, Oscar C M Queiroz, Jens N Joergensen, Bruno I Cappellozza","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this retrospective before-and-after trial was to evaluate the effects of a <i>Bacillus</i>-based direct-fed microbial <i>(DFM)</i> on milk yield, composition, reproductive performance, and health status of dairy cows in a single commercial dairy farm in Argentina. The dataset used in the current study comprised January 2019 until September 2025, including roughly 1,300 to 1,600 lactating Holstein cows across the study period, split into 10 pens. The data between January 2019 to September 2023 was considered as the period pre-DFM feeding (57 mo; <i>PRE</i>), whereas the period of DFM supplementation (<i>B. licheniformis</i> 809 and <i>B. subtilis</i> 810) considered in the analysis ranged from October 2023 to September 2025 (24 mo; <i>POST</i>). During this period, the <i>Bacillus</i>-based DFM was fed at 3 g/cow per day. Milk yield was evaluated daily and individually for all lactating cows, while milk composition was evaluated monthly for the whole-farm. Based on these results, 4% FCM and ECM yield were determined. Moreover, reproductive and health data were also collected. All data were analyzed with the GLIMMIX and GLM procedure of SAS, considering pen as the experimental unit. No treatment × season interactions were observed for any of the productive and health variables (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.08). Treatment group and season were associated with differences in milk yield (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.02). Milk yield was 1.0 kg/cow per day greater (<i>P</i> = 0.02) in POST cows, while 4% FCM and ECM were 3.6 and 4.1 kg/day greater (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.01), respectively, following the DFM supplementation. Cows in the winter and spring produced more milk (<i>P</i> < 0.01) than in the fall and summer. For milk composition (kg and %), positive changes were observed and associated with the DFM supplementation period (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.07). The occurrence of adverse heath events and mortality rate were observed to be reduced (<i>P</i> < 0.001) from 32.8 and 1.6% to 23.7 and 0.7% for PRE and POST periods, respectively. Among the individual adverse health outcomes, mastitis, ketosis, metritis, displaced abomasum, and pneumonia occurrence were significantly reduced in POST vs. PRE (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.02). Treatment group × season interactions were observed for both conception and abortion rates (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.03); however, the interactions were noted mainly because of the season effect, given that within the same season, no treatment differences were observed (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.14). No treatment effects were observed either on conception or abortion rate (<i>P</i> ≥ 0.31). In summary, in this retrospective before-and-after study, <i>B. licheniformis</i> 809 and <i>B. subtilis</i> 810 supplementation was associated with an improved milk production, composition, and the health of the herd, while maintaining the reproductive performance of the commercial farm in Argentina.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic mapping of threats to U.S. beef production.","authors":"Zhihong Xu, Shuai Ma, Anjorin Ezekiel Adeyemi, Jaehyun Ahn, Ashlynn Kogut, Xiting Zhuang, Guadalupe Ceja, Matt Baker, Kent Toyonaga, Tian Chen, Fahmida Husain Choudhury, Abdul Saboor Rahmany","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag143","DOIUrl":"10.1093/tas/txag143","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For the last 65 years, the United States (U.S.) agriculture has been a global leader in total factor productivity (TFP). Within this highly productive and diverse agri-food system, the beef cattle industry stands out distinctly in its operations and for its substantial contributions. After the 11 September 2001, attacks, potential threats to the U.S. agricultural sector, especially the beef supply chain, became a key concern. Agroterrorism and other cross-border threats pose severe challenges to this vital supply chain, raising food and national security concerns. This study aims to comprehensively map potential U.S. beef supply chain threats, focusing on the production phase. The production phase refers to the production phases before harvest: feed production, veterinary services, genetics/breeding, cow-calf operations, background and stocker operations, grass-finishing, and feedlots. The review focuses on three goals: (a) the distribution of research on threats to the production phase of the U.S. beef supply chain. (b) Systematically identify and categorize risks in U.S. beef production, focusing on variables such as threat categories, threat type, specific diseases, pathogens, transmission sources, and their impacts on stakeholders and cattle health. (c) Categorize the solutions/strategies. We set the time frame from 2010 to 2024 and included the publications in the CAB Abstracts (Ovid) database, grey literature from research organizations and conferences proceedings. Evidence and gap maps (EGMs) were employed to visualize the characteristics and distribution of the included studies and identify major scholarly interests and research gaps. This mapping review provides an accessible, comprehensive, and understandable synthesis of data that will inform stakeholders for quickly identifying trends and solutions from diverse research efforts nationally and globally, enabling more effective responses to emerging threats in the U.S. beef supply chain and providing valuable insights for future research to address gaps in the beef production phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13677081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149220624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The carbon intensity (CI) of co-products fed to beef cattle in the Northern Plains.","authors":"Felipe Almeida, Richard K Perrin, Lilyan E Fulginiti, Elliott Dennis","doi":"10.1093/tas/txag137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/tas/txag137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The beef production chain accounts for about 40% of world livestock greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with feed production representing a substantial component of livestock's carbon footprint. Two important components of livestock rations in the United States are co-products from grain processing: soybean meal (SBM) from soybean crushing, and distillers grains and solubles (DGS) from corn ethanol production. In response to interest in low-carbon beef production, this study estimates the likely carbon intensity (CI) scores of these two co-product feeds, using two life-cycle emissions packages available for use by producers and others. For feedstuffs produced in the Northern Plains we find expected CI estimates of 0.196-0.385 kg CO₂e kg^-1 of dry matter for DGS and 0.330-0.456 kg CO₂e kg^-1 of dry matter for SBM. The analysis reveals that expected co-product CIs for a given product and model vary by 15%-19% across subregions in which the crop was grown, and that CI of co-products from irrigated crops in this region are about 10% lower than those from non-irrigated crops. These results suggest that beef producers may find opportunities to reduce their product CI by choosing among available supplies of distillers grains and soybean meal.</p>","PeriodicalId":23272,"journal":{"name":"Translational Animal Science","volume":"10 ","pages":"txag137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13623517/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}