Tobacco Induced Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Association of metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 gene with nicotine dependence in a Chinese Han population: A cross-sectional candidate-gene association study.","authors":"Jinjie Zhao, Mengying Li, Ruibo Wang, Wenjing Shen, Meng Li","doi":"10.18332/tid/219820","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/219820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite a global decline in prevalence, cigarette smoking remains a significant public health issue. Tobacco addiction is principally caused by nicotine dependence (ND). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (<i>GRM7</i>) gene and ND in Chinese adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This two-stage, cross-sectional, candidate-gene association study first enrolled a discovery cohort of 1609 participants from Kunming, Yunnan, China (2017-2019), followed by a replication stage involving 1329 individuals from Jincheng and Taiyuan, Shanxi, China (2012-2013). Association analysis between the <i>GRM7</i> gene and ND was performed at individual SNP, haplotype, and whole-gene levels. Logistic and linear regression models were employed for single-SNP association analyses. Heaviness of smoking index (HSI) and Fagerström test for nicotine dependence (FTND) were used to assess ND.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rs77452956, rs74791991, and rs2176404 were significantly associated with ND proxied by HSI, with p-values of <0.001, 0.001, and 0.002, respectively. In the replication analysis, rs74791991 and rs2176404 showed associations with ND (p=0.006 and 0.082, respectively), while rs77452956 was linked to smoking status (p=0.014). Haplotype-based association analysis revealed that two haplotypes, C-C-T and T-G-C, comprising rs74791991, rs111848366, and rs7633313, were associated significantly with HSI, with p<0.001 and p=0.003, respectively. Gene-based analysis also revealed a significant association between <i>GRM7</i> and HSI (p=0.006). Functional assessment suggested that rs77452956 and rs74791991 have regulatory capacity. Furthermore, the derived C alleles of rs74791991, rs2176404, and rs77452956 showed accelerated evolution.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We identified three SNPs, rs74791991, rs2176404, and rs77452956, associated with ND in Han Chinese individuals. Our findings suggest a potential role of <i>GRM7</i> in susceptibility to smoking-related behaviors and warrant further investigation to determine its relevance in smoking cessation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco smoke exposure and sleep problems: A secondary dataset analysis of NHANES and Mendelian randomization analyses.","authors":"Xindong Zhu, Chunming Jiang","doi":"10.18332/tid/220984","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/220984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking and sleep problems are both major public health concerns, but the causal nature of their association remains unclear due to confounding and reverse causality. To address this, observational and Mendelian randomization approaches were combined to investigate the causal relationships between smoking status, cotinine levels, and sleep deprivation and sleep disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from NHANES (2005-2020) were analyzed using weighted logistic regression, subgroup, and threshold analyses to assess associations between smoking status, cotinine levels, and sleep deprivation and sleep disorder. Mendelian randomization was then performed using genetic instruments for smoking phenotypes to evaluate causal relationships.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In NHANES (n=22380), current smokers showed significantly higher risk of sleep disorder (OR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.49-1.90) and sleep deprivation (OR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.36-1.70) compared to never smokers. Serum cotinine was positively associated with both outcomes in a nonlinear manner, with threshold effects observed. In Mendelian randomization, genetic predisposition to current smoking was causally associated with increased risk of sleep deprivation (OR=1.253; 95% CI: 1.015-1.548), while never smoking showed protective causal effects on both outcomes. However, no causal associations were found between cotinine and sleep outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Observational analyses revealed associations between smoking status, serum cotinine levels, and both insufficient sleep and sleep disorders. However, while Mendelian randomization provided evidence supporting a causal relationship between smoking status and sleep outcomes, it did not establish a causal link between serum cotinine and either insufficient sleep or sleep disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13450132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148697886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of withdrawal symptoms among e-cigarette users in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Fahad H Alahmadi, Ahmed A Alzahrani, Noof Aloufi, Eman Sobh, Ziyad Alshehri, Abdulrahman M Hawsawi, Ali M Alasmari, Keir E J Philip, Foad Bukhari","doi":"10.18332/tid/224315","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/224315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>E-cigarette use or 'vaping' is increasing globally. Withdrawal symptoms have been extensively researched in tobacco users, but less is known regarding withdrawal among e-cigarette users. We aimed to explore the type, relative frequency, and severity of withdrawal symptoms experienced by e-cigarette users in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was administered to e-cigarette users aged ≥18 years residing in Saudi Arabia in 2023, using a convenience sampling frame. The primary outcome is the withdrawal symptoms. Descriptive statistics and correlations were employed to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 339 participants were analyzed: 87% males, 66% students, 90% used nicotine-containing e-cigarettes, with 55% using higher strength nicotine concentrations (>18 mg/mL). The most frequently reported psychological withdrawal symptoms were intense cravings for nicotine (43%), anger (29%), restlessness (28%), and poor concentration (20%), while 71% of participants reported experiencing at least one withdrawal symptom. The most commonly reported physical withdrawal symptoms were headache (34%), dizziness (17%), heart palpitations (15%), and breathing difficulties (14%). Approximately 42% of participants reported moderate-to-severe withdrawal symptoms. Notably, 36.9% returned to smoking to alleviate withdrawal symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>E-cigarette users in Saudi Arabia experienced a range of psychological and physical withdrawal symptoms. Psychological symptoms were more commonly reported than physical ones. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the factors influencing the occurrence and severity of these symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative analysis of smoke-free regulations in 23 Chinese cities, 2015-2022.","authors":"Yu Chen, Xinjie Zhao, Zhifeng Chen, Xinyi Zhang, Jinghan Li, Jiayi Lan, Shiyu Liu, Xinyao Yu, Kin-Sun Chan, Qian Zeng","doi":"10.18332/tid/221923","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/221923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>China ratified the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) in 2005 but lacks a national comprehensive smoke-free law. By 2024, 23 cities had achieved FCTC Article 8 compliance through three distinct legislative vehicles: Dedicated Tobacco Control regulations (DTC), Patriotic Health regulations (PH), and Civilization Promotion regulations (CP). This study compared their legal authority, textual scale, and FCTC-related content coverage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Full legislative texts of all 23 FCTC-compliant city regulations, identified via the Healthy China Smoke-Free Legislation platform, were analyzed. Two coders independently extracted 16 variables (5 legislative-feature variables; 11 FCTC-related content dimensions, of which 9 were eligible for cross-vehicle comparison). Legislative scale was compared using Kruskal-Wallis H tests with exact permutation p-values and epsilon-squared effect sizes; content coverage was compared using exact chi-squared tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 23 cities protect approximately 178 million residents (12.64% of China's 2023 population), below the Healthy China 2030 target of 80%. Regulations were enacted as local statutes or government rules of differing legal rank. Legislative scale differed markedly: median clause count 27.5 (DTC) versus 3.0 (PH) and 2.0 (CP); median character count 4158 (DTC) versus 319 (PH) and 88 (CP) (both p<0.001, ε²>0.76). Seven of 9 FCTC-related dimensions differed significantly across vehicles - individual violator penalty, venue-operator penalty, complaint hotline, youth cigarette sales ban, tobacco advertising ban, cessation services, and health education - with DTC showing near-complete coverage and CP concentrating on Article 8 core prohibitions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chinese cities implement FCTC Article 8 through legislative vehicles of differing legal rank and markedly divergent textual scope. To progress toward the 80% coverage target of Healthy China 2030, these findings support the case for comprehensive national smoke-free legislation extending protections beyond municipal-level legislative authority, ideally with graduated penalties, designated enforcement authorities, and public complaint mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secondhand smoke exposure among non-smoking adolescents in three Vietnamese cities in 2025: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Hoang Le Tu, Thao Nguyen Thi Bich, Quynh Anh Nguyen, Tan Luong Minh, Trang Phan Thi Thu, Quynh Chi Nguyen Thai, Nga Nguyen Thi, Mai Tran Thi Hoa, Hoang Minh Dao Le, Lam Nguyen Tuan, Meheret Melles-Brewer, Huong Le Thi Thanh","doi":"10.18332/tid/224237","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/224237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Secondhand smoke (SHS) remains common among adolescents, but evidence on setting-specific exposure in Vietnam is limited. This study estimated the prevalence of any and setting-specific SHS exposure from conventional cigarettes among non-current smoking students in three Vietnamese cities and identified associated factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a secondary analysis of self-reported questionnaire data from a school-based cross-sectional survey in Hanoi, Da Nang, and Ho Chi Minh City in 2025. The analysis included non-current smoking students aged 13 to under 18 years. The primary outcome was any SHS exposure in the past 7 days, defined as exposure at home, in indoor public places, or in outdoor public places. Secondary outcomes were setting-specific exposures. Associations were examined using Poisson regression with robust standard errors clustered at the school level, reported as adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4437 non-current smoking students, 67.2% reported any SHS exposure, 22.0% reported home exposure, 50.4% reported indoor public-place exposure, and 57.5% reported outdoor public-place exposure. Indoor smoking at home was the strongest factor associated with any SHS exposure (APR=1.62; 95% CI: 1.55-1.70). Higher prevalence was also observed among male students (APR=1.05; 95% CI:1.01-1.10), Grade 12 students (APR=1.15; 95% CI:1.06-1.25), students in Ho Chi Minh City (APR=1.08; 95% CI: 1.01-1.15), and selected weekly allowance groups, which may reflect greater mobility and spending autonomy. Setting-specific analyses showed lower home exposure but higher public-place exposure among older students.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SHS exposure was highly prevalent among non-current smoking students in three major Vietnamese cities and varied by household and public-place contexts. Further longitudinal and implementation studies are needed to clarify causal pathways and strengthen the evidence base for strategies to reduce adolescent SHS exposure in home and public environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet use, socioeconomic status, and smoking behaviors among Chinese men: A secondary longitudinal dataset analysis of the China Family Panel Study.","authors":"Hao Yuan, Fanrong Wu","doi":"10.18332/tid/225231","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/225231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite intensified tobacco-control efforts, male smoking prevalence in China has decreased, but remains high at 45%. With the rapid development of the Internet, the influence and strength of Internet use on smoking behaviors are unclear in China. This study tests whether socioeconomic status and Internet use, respectively, are positively associated with smoking behaviors among Chinese men, and examines the moderating effects of Internet use in the correlation between socioeconomic status and smoking behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary dataset analysis using data from the China Family Panel Study (2014-2022), involving 8916 male participants aged ≥16 years. Key variables included daily cigarette consumption (outcome), socioeconomic status (household income, education level, occupation), and Internet use (access, online chatting/learning/shopping/entertainment). This study applies two-way fixed-effects negative-binomial models to assess the moderating effect of Internet use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher SES (higher income: IRR=1.03; 95% CI: 1.02-1.04, p<0.001; education level: IRR=1.01; 95% CI: 1.01-1.02, p<0.001) is associated with increased daily cigarette consumption. Internet use is also positively related to daily cigarette consumption (IRR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04, p<0.001). Income strengthens the association between Internet use and smoking behaviors (interaction effect: IRR=1.005; 95% CI: 1.001-1.009, p<0.01), while more years of schooling weakens this relationship (interaction effect: IRR=0.998; 95% CI: 0.996-0.999, p<0.001). Moreover, being out of the labor force can also weaken the Internet-smoking link (interaction effect: IRR=0.962; 95% CI: 0.947-0.977, p<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Socioeconomic status and Internet use are positively related to smoking behaviors. Economic advancement can strengthen the impact of Internet use on DCC, but education level and employment status make Internet use much less important for smoking behaviors. Therefore, tobacco control interventions could incorporate online outreach approaches, with targeted initiatives developed specifically for males of high socioeconomic status with frequent online access. Policymakers are strongly encouraged to develop and implement more comprehensive, forward-looking tobacco control strategies that are specifically tailored to the online environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13426431/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-diagnostic smoking cessation and heart-disease mortality among adults smoking at cardiopulmonary disease diagnosis: An NHANES linked-mortality analysis.","authors":"Dongdong Xu, Yang Liu, Huifeng Zhang, Quan Zhou, Jiangtao Huang, Rendong Li, Xuezhi Zhang","doi":"10.18332/tid/226287","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/226287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Population-based analyses usually classify smoking status at survey enrollment, which combines people who quit before disease recognition with those who continued smoking through diagnosis and quit afterward. This study evaluated whether smoking cessation after a self-reported cardiopulmonary disease diagnosis was associated with subsequent all-cause and cause-specific mortality among adults reconstructed as smoking at diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary analysis pooled ten cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) cycles from 1999-2000 through 2017-2018 and linked survey records to mortality follow-up through 2019. Adults aged ≥40 years with self-reported cardiovascular or chronic lung disease were included when self-reported smoking initiation, diagnosis, cessation, and current-smoking information permitted classification as smoking at diagnosis. Survey-weighted Cox models compared post-diagnostic quitters with persistent smokers. Models were unadjusted, demographic-adjusted, and fully adjusted for prespecified demographic, disease-history, smoking-history, and survey-cycle covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2319 participants, 975 were post-diagnostic quitters, and 1344 were persistent smokers. During a median follow-up of 6.33 years, 999 all-cause, 272 heart-disease, and 244 cancer deaths occurred. In the fully adjusted model, post-diagnostic quitting was associated with lower heart-disease mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, AHR=0.59; 95% CI: 0.42-0.82; p=0.001). Associations with all-cause mortality (AHR=0.90; 95% CI: 0.74-1.09; p=0.276) and cancer mortality (AHR=0.72; 95% CI: 0.49-1.06; p=0.100) were not statistically significant. Findings for heart-disease mortality were consistent across landmark, overlap-weighted, smoking-burden-adjusted, disease-restricted, quit-age reconstruction, and leave-one-covariate-out analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among adults retrospectively classified as smoking when cardiopulmonary disease was diagnosed, post-diagnostic cessation was associated with lower subsequent heart-disease mortality. The findings are observational and remain susceptible to survivor selection, reverse causation, recall and social-desirability bias, exposure changes after enrollment, mortality misclassification, and residual confounding.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428304/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: A pilot stratified cluster randomized trial of school-based e-cigarette and other tobacco product use prevention for Pacific Island youths: An evaluation of the Fuetsan Manhoben curriculum.","authors":"Francis Dalisay, Scott K Okamoto, Yoshito Kawabata, Thaddeus A Herzog, Pallav Pokhrel","doi":"10.18332/tid/226270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/226270","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18332/tid/218296.].</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13420596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148631603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of smoke-free legislation on the illegal cigarette trade in China: A longitudinal study.","authors":"Mengting Xu, Zili Zhang, Xiao Hu, Rong Zheng","doi":"10.18332/tid/219212","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/219212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although numerous studies have examined the relationship between smoke-free legislation and cigarette consumption, research focusing specifically on its impact on the illicit cigarette trade remains scarce. This study explores the effects of subnational smoke-free legislation on the illicit cigarette trade in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a balanced panel dataset of nearly 300 Chinese cities from 2011 to 2016, we first extract information on illicit tobacco seizures from the administrative records of the State Tobacco Monopoly Administration (STMA). We then employ a fixed-effects model to analyze the impact of smoke-free legislation on local illicit cigarette trade. To address endogeneity, we conduct robustness tests using propensity score matching and instrumental variables methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We find that smoke-free legislation has a significant negative impact on the illicit cigarette trade. Specifically, regression results indicate that the legislation reduces local illicit trade by an average of 26.65% (β= -0.2665; 95% CI: -0.50- -0.02; p=0.026). Heterogeneity analysis reveals that this effect is more pronounced in coastal and border regions compared to inland areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that non-price tobacco control measures can effectively suppress the illicit market through a supply-side deterrence mechanism. However, further longitudinal studies are required across diverse institutional contexts to obtain sufficient evidence to inform global anti-smuggling strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13417964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between cigarette smoking exposure and sarcopenia assessed by Psoas Muscle Index: A secondary data analysis.","authors":"Osman Onur Sarı, Hasan Sözel, Yıldız Kılar Sözel","doi":"10.18332/tid/222553","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/222553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome characterized by a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, leading to decreased physical capacity, impaired quality of life, and increased mortality. Although smoking has multiple systemic effects, its relationship with sarcopenia remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between varying levels of cigarette smoking exposure and sarcopenia, assessed using the Psoas Muscle Index (PMI) measured using non-contrast abdominal computed tomography (CT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional analysis included 261 adult patients who underwent non-contrast abdominal CT between 2019 and 2022 at Akdeniz University Internal Medicine and Urology outpatient clinics. The patients were categorized into three groups: active smokers, passive smokers, and non-smokers. Passive smokers were defined as non-smoking individuals who reported regular exposure to secondhand cigarette smoke for at least two days per week. Individuals with conditions or medications known to affect body composition were excluded from the study. Bilateral psoas muscle cross-sectional areas at the L3 vertebral level were manually measured, and PMI was calculated (cm²/m²). Sarcopenia was defined based on sex-specific PMI cutoff values derived from the lowest quintile (20th percentile) of the study population (males: ≤4.421 cm²/m²; females: ≤3.150 cm²/m²). Statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests for continuous variables, chi-squared test for categorical variables, and multivariate linear and logistic regression models to adjust for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no statistically significant differences in PMI values among active, passive, and non-smokers (p=0.138). Laboratory parameters, including C-reactive protein (CRP), albumin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), were also comparable between the groups. Hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in active smokers compared to non-smokers (active: 14.40 [IQR: 13.00-15.25] vs non-smoker: 13.50 (IQR: 12.90-14.60) g/dL; p=0.029). Sarcopenia prevalence did not differ significantly among the three groups (non-smoker: 16.1%, passive smoker: 28.7%, active smoker: 16.1%; p=0.057).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this cohort, neither passive nor active cigarette smoking exposure was associated with significant changes in Psoas Muscle Index or sarcopenia prevalence. Although smoking is a well-established risk factor for many diseases, its direct effect on muscle mass remains inconclusive. Further prospective studies considering smoking intensity, duration, and other confounders are warranted to clarify this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13417967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}