Tobacco Induced Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Level and timing of product substitution in a trial of e-cigarettes for smokers not interested in quitting.","authors":"James D Sargent, Sarah I Pratt, Mary F Brunette, Joelle C Ferron, Meghan M Santos, Mike Stoolmiller","doi":"10.18332/tid/189220","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/189220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The e-cigarette market is large and diverse. Traditional smoking cessation trials involving a control group and a 6-month observation period are an inefficient methodology for testing the multiple treatment options e-cigarettes provide for harm reduction in cigarette smokers. We determined when product substitution occurred in the e-cigarette provision arm of an e-cigarette substitution trial for cigarette smokers who were not interested in quitting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a secondary analysis of 120 cigarette smokers with severe mental illness (recruitment 2017-2020) who were given disposable e-cigarettes for 8 weeks and assessed at weeks 0 (t0), 2, 4, 6, and 8. We explored product substitution through visit-to-visit correlations in change in product use, then developed a dual process growth model for cigarette and e-cigarette use to test the association between increases in e-cigarette use and concurrent decreases in cigarettes smoked.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of the participants was 45.9 years, and 42.7% smoked ≥20 cigarettes per day. Almost all product substitution occurred between t0 and t2. For the average smoker (18 cigarettes per day), t2 cigarette frequency decreased by 0.39 (95% CI: -0.56 - -0.22) cigarettes for each additional e-cigarette session. There was effect modification (p=0.033), such that baseline light smokers (<10 cigarettes/day) had no significant decrease in t2 cigarette frequency, regardless of their initial increase in e-cigarette use, while heavy smokers (38 cigarettes/day) switched products nearly on a one-to-one basis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, most product substitution occurred early, and heavier smokers had larger t2 decreases in cigarettes/day with increased e-cigarette use. If confirmed with replication studies, the findings could suggest establishment of a novel outcome for e-cigarette studies - early product substitution - and support the value of short-term comparative effectiveness trials that compare multiple potentially lower harm tobacco products.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The study was registered on the official website of ClinicalTrials.gov.</p><p><strong>Identifier: </strong>ID NCT03050853.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11170977/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141318401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco exposure and alcohol drinking prevalence and associations with hypertension in rural southwest China: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Guohui Li, Lan Liu, Du-Li Liu, Zi-Zi Yu, Allison R Golden, Xiang-Yang Yin, Le Cai","doi":"10.18332/tid/189222","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/189222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study examined the prevalence of tobacco exposure and drinking and ascertained the relationships between tobacco exposure, alcohol drinking, concurrent smoking and drinking, and hypertension in rural southwestern China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected from a cross-sectional health interview and examination survey, which included 7572 adults aged ≥35 years, in rural China. Participant demographic characteristics, smoking habits, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), and alcohol drinking habits were obtained using a standard questionnaire. Blood pressure (BP), height, weight, and waist circumference were measured for each participant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall prevalence of smoking, SHS exposure, drinking, concurrent smoking and drinking, concurrent exposure to SHS and drinking, and hypertension was 37.7%, 27.4%, 16.2%, 12.6%, 1.6%, and 41.3%, respectively. Males had a significantly higher prevalence of smoking (74.1% vs 2.2%, p<0.01), drinking (31.1% vs 1.7%, p<0.01), and concurrent smoking and drinking than females (25.3% vs 0.3%, p<0.01). However, females had a higher prevalence of SHS exposure than males (30.2% vs 20.6%, p<0.01). Ethnic minorities had a higher prevalence of SHS exposure, drinking, and concurrent smoking and drinking, than Han participants (p<0.01). Participants with a higher education level had a higher prevalence of smoking, drinking, and concurrent smoking and drinking than their counterparts (p<0.01). In contrast, participants with a lower education level had a higher prevalence of SHS exposure than their counterparts (p<0.01). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that smokers (AOR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.13-1.51), individuals exposed to SHS (AOR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.11-1.43), drinkers (AOR=1.31; 95%: CI: 1.15-1.50), and concurrent smokers and drinkers (AOR=1.45; 95% CI: 1.25-1.67) all had a higher probability of having hypertension (p<0.01). Additionally, concurrent smoking and drinking had the strongest association with the prevalence of hypertension (AOR=1.45; 95% CI: 1.25-1.67; p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Socioeconomic factors play an important role in influencing the prevalence of smoking, exposure to SHS, and drinking in rural southwest China. Interventions to prevent and reduce hypertension should, in particular, focus on smokers, individuals exposed to SHS, drinkers, and, in particular, concurrent smokers and drinkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the mediation effects of cigarettes per day on time to first cigarette and carcinogen biomarkers: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016.","authors":"Wenxue Lin","doi":"10.18332/tid/187766","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/187766","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous research indicates that cigarette smokers with a time to first cigarette (TTFC) of less than 30 minutes after waking up had significantly higher levels of carcinogen biomarkers compared to those with a TTFC of more than 30 minutes. The mediation (potential mediator: cigarettes smoked per day) between TTFC and carcinogen biomarkers, remains unclear and has yet to be established.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate adjusted geometric means (GMs) and ratios of GMs for urine biomarkers of VOCs by smokers' TTFC status (≤30 vs >30 min). Further, data from the NHANES 2015-2016 special sample were analyzed to assess the mediation between TTFC (exposure) and carcinogen biomarkers, including urine metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and cadmium.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cigarette smokers with a short TTFC (≤30 min) presented significantly higher concentrations in 8 out of 17 urine metabolites of VOCs examined compared to smokers with TTFC >30 min. The association between exposure and carcinogen biomarkers was not mediated by CPD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cigarette smokers with a short TTFC (≤30 min) had significantly higher levels in VOCs, PAHs, and cadmium, but the association was not mediated by cigarettes smoked per day.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in current inhalable tobacco toxicity assessment models: A narrative review.","authors":"Thivanka Muthumalage, Alexandra Noel, Yasmin Thanavala, Aleksandra Alcheva, Irfan Rahman","doi":"10.18332/tid/188197","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/188197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging tobacco products such as electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and heated tobacco products (HTPs) have a dynamic landscape and are becoming widely popular as they claim to offer a low-risk alternative to conventional smoking. Most pre-clinical laboratories currently exploit <i>in vitro</i>, <i>ex vivo</i>, and <i>in vivo</i> experimental models to assess toxicological outcomes as well as to develop risk-estimation models. While most laboratories have produced a wide range of cell culture and mouse model data utilizing current smoke/aerosol generators and standardized puffing profiles, much variation still exists between research studies, hindering the generation of usable data appropriate for the standardization of these tobacco products. In this review, we discuss current state-of-the-art <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models and their challenges, as well as insights into risk estimation of novel products and recommendations for toxicological parameters for reporting, allowing comparability of the research studies between laboratories, resulting in usable data for regulation of these products before approval by regulatory authorities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11163881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141301620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of smoking on prostate cancer: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2018 and Mendelian randomization analyses.","authors":"Hairong He, Liang Liang, Tao Tian, Xiaoyu Zhang, Jun Lyu","doi":"10.18332/tid/189199","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/189199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The controversial relationship between smoking and prostate cancer (PCa) risk prompted us to conduct a cross-sectional study using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database and apply Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses in order to clarify the possible causal effect of smoking on PCa risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods, a secondary analysis of the pooled 2003-2018 NHANES dataset was performed to explore the association between smoking and PCa risk. Propensity-score matching was used to reduce selection bias. Then, we conducted subsequent MR analysis study to investigate the potential causal effect of smoking on PCa risk, with genetic variants of four exposure factors including the lifetime smoking index, light smoking, smoking initiation, and the amount of smoking per day obtained from genome-wide association studies, and PCa summary statistics obtained from three database populations. Inverse-variance weighting was the primary analytical method, and weighted median and MR-Egger regression were used for sensitivity analyses. The MR results for the three PCa databases were combined using meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 16073 NHANES subjects, comprising 554 with PCa and 15519 without PCa. Logistic regression before and after matching did not reveal any significant association. Meta-analysis of the MR results also did not support an association of PCa risk with lifetime smoking index (OR=0.95; 95% CI: 0.83-1.09), light smoking (OR=1.00; 95% CI: 0.95-1.06), smoking initiation (OR=0.99, 95% CI=0.99-1.00), or the amount of smoking per day (OR=1.00; 95% CI: 0.99-1.00) and PCa risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was no evidence for an association between smoking and the risk of PCa. Further studies are needed to determine if there are any associations of other forms of smoking with the risk of PCa at different stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141246699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The inclusion of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products in smoke-free home and car rules: A cross-sectional survey of adults in Armenia and Georgia.","authors":"Varduhi Hayrumyan, Zhanna Sargsyan, Arevik Torosyan, Ana Dekanosidze, Lilit Grigoryan, Nour Alayan, Michelle C Kegler, Lela Sturua, Varduhi Petrosyan, Alexander Bazarchyan, Regine Haardörfer, Yuxian Cui, Carla J Berg","doi":"10.18332/tid/189200","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/189200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding who includes e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products (HTPs) in smoke-free home or car rules could inform public health interventions, particularly in countries with high smoking prevalence and recently implemented national smoke-free laws, like Armenia and Georgia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2022, we conducted a cross-sectional survey among 1468 adults in 28 Armenian and Georgian communities (mean age=42.92 years; 51.4% female, 31.6% past-month smoking). Multilevel regression (accounting for clustering within communities; adjusted for sociodemographics and cigarette use) examined e-cigarette/HTP perceptions (risk, social acceptability) and use intentions in relation to: 1) including e-cigarettes/HTPs in home and car rules among participants with home and car rules, respectively (logistic regressions); and 2) intention to include e-cigarettes/HTPs in home rules (linear regression, 1 = 'not at all' to 7 = 'extremely') among those without home rules.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 72.9% (n=1070) had home rules, 86.5% of whom included e-cigarettes/HTPs; 33.9% (n=498) had car rules, 81.3% of whom included e-cigarettes/HTPs. Greater perceived e-cigarette/HTP risk was associated with including e-cigarettes/HTPs in home rules (AOR=1.28; 95% CI: 1.08-1.50) and car rules (AOR=1.46; 95% CI: 1.14-1.87) and next-year intentions to include e-cigarettes/HTPs in home rules (β=0.38; 95% CI: 0.25-0.50). Lower e-cigarette/HTP use intentions were associated with including e-cigarettes/HTPs in home rules (AOR=0.75; 95% CI: 0.63-0.88). While perceived social acceptability was unassociated with the outcomes, other social influences were: having children and no other household smokers was associated with including e-cigarettes/HTPs in car rules, and having children was associated with intent to include e-cigarettes/HTPs in home rules.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Interventions to address gaps in home and car rules might target e-cigarette/HTP risk perceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns and determinants of tobacco purchase behaviors among male cigarette smokers in Vietnam: A latent class analysis.","authors":"Thi Ngoc Phuong Nguyen, Monica Hunsberger, Jesper Löve, Tu Anh Duong, Thi Hai Phan, Ngoc Khue Luong, Van Minh Hoang, Nawi Ng","doi":"10.18332/tid/187869","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/187869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Understanding smokers' purchasing patterns can aid in customizing tobacco control initiatives aimed at reducing the tobacco smoking prevalence. Therefore, this study identified cigarette purchase behavior among Vietnamese male smokers and associated demographic and consumption factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed a secondary dataset of male current tobacco smokers (n=3983) who participated in the Vietnam Global Adult Tobacco Survey in 2015. We applied the latent class analysis (LCA) to identify the classes of purchase behavior among cigarette smokers (n=1241). Multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify demographics (education level, ethnicity, partnership status, and household socioeconomic status) and cigarette consumption variables (smoking years and heavy smoking status) related to purchase behavior classes. The results are reported as an adjusted relative risk ratio (ARRR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LCA identified four cigarette purchase behaviors classes: Class 1 (price-insensitive and purchased international brand: 44.4%), Class 2 (price-sensitive and purchased domestic brand: 27.6%), Class 3 (price-sensitive and purchased cigarettes in a street vendor: 18.6%), and Class 4: price-sensitive and purchased loose/carton cigarette: 9.4%). The poorer economic groups were more likely to belong to the three price-sensitive classes. Heavy smokers and those who had smoked for a longer period were more likely to belong to Class 3 (ARRR=2.33; 95% CI: 1.51-3.58 and ARRR=1.02; 95% CI: 1.001-1.05, respectively) and Class 4 (ARRR=2.94; 95% CI: 1.71-5.06 and ARRR=1.05; 95% CI: 1.02-1.08, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Varied purchasing behaviors among male cigarette smokers, influenced by divergent price sensitivities and economic backgrounds, underscore the need for comprehensive tobacco control. Future efforts should include targeted policy interventions, behavior modification, and reshaping social norms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11149401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141247008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the direct economic impact of smoking-related hospitalizations in Italy.","authors":"Irene Possenti, Marco Scala, Magda Rognoni, Alessandra Lugo, Maria S Cattaruzza, Sabrina Molinaro, Anna Odone, Luc J M Smits, Vincenzo Zagà, Silvano Gallus, Luca Cavalieri d'Oro","doi":"10.18332/tid/188111","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/188111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco-related diseases have a substantial economic impact in terms of medical expenses, loss of productivity, and premature death. Tobacco use is estimated to be responsible for more than 90000 deaths each year in Italy. We aimed to evaluate the annual direct economic impact on the National Health System of hospitalizations attributable to tobacco smoking in Italy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from all the hospitalizations of patients aged ≥30 years that occurred in Italy for 12 selected tobacco-related diseases, during 2018. These diseases included oropharyngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, laryngeal cancer, ischemic heart disease, stroke, diseases of arteries, arterioles, and capillaries, pneumonia and influenza, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We obtained information on 984322 hospital discharge records, including each hospitalization's direct costs. Using relative risk estimates from the scientific literature, we computed the population attributable fraction for various tobacco-related diseases to estimate the economic impact attributable to tobacco smoking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-third of all hospitalizations occurred in 2018 in Italy among people aged ≥30 years for 12 tobacco-related diseases were found to be attributable to smoking, accounting for a total cost of €1.64 billion. Among the diseases considered, those with the highest expenditures attributable to tobacco smoking were ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and lung cancer, accounting for €556 million, €290 million, and €229 million, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tobacco has a substantial economic impact in Italy, accounting for around 6% of the total cost of hospitalizations in 2018. This figure is expected to be largely underestimated due to several conservative assumptions adopted in the statistical analyses. It is imperative to prioritize comprehensive tobacco control measures to counteract the huge healthcare costs due to tobacco smoking.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11145629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A scoping review of the toxicity and health impact of IQOS.","authors":"Sarah Ghazi, Min-Ae Song, Ahmad El-Hellani","doi":"10.18332/tid/188867","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/188867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This work aims to summarize the current evidence on the toxicity and health impact of IQOS, taking into consideration the data source. On 1 June 2022, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases using the terms: 'heated tobacco product', 'heat-not-burn', 'IQOS', and 'tobacco heating system'. The search was time-restricted to update a previous search conducted on 8 November 2021, on IQOS data from 2010-2021. The data source [independent, Philip Morris International (PMI), or other manufacturers] was retrieved from relevant sections of each publication. Publications were categorized into two general categories: 1) Toxicity assessments included in vitro, in vivo, and systems toxicology studies; and 2) The impact on human health included clinical studies assessing biomarkers of exposure and biomarkers of health effects. Generally, independent studies used classical in vitro and in vivo approaches, but PMI studies combined these with modeling of gene expression (i.e. systems toxicology). Toxicity assessment and health impact studies covered pulmonary, cardiovascular, and other systemic toxicity. PMI studies overall showed reduced toxicity and health risks of IQOS compared to cigarettes, but independent data did not always conform with this conclusion. This review highlights some discrepancies in IQOS risk assessment regarding methods, depth, and breadth of data collection, as well as conclusions based on the data source.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11145630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-cigarette use among Ecuadorian adults: A national cross-sectional study on use rates, perceptions, and associated factors.","authors":"Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy, Patricio Naranjo-Lara, Estefanía Morales-Lapo, Alexander Puglla-Mendoza, Marlon R Hidalgo, Andrea Tello-De-la-Torre, Eduardo Vásconez-González, Nathaly Izquierdo-Condoy, David Sánchez-Ordoñez, Galo S Guerrero-Castillo, Raúl F De la Rosa, Paul Vinueza-Moreano, Romina Placencia-André, M Fernanda Díaz, Esteban Ortiz-Prado","doi":"10.18332/tid/187878","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/187878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have emerged as a new paradigm in nicotine delivery systems. Although they are marketed as safer alternatives to tobacco, public perceptions of their safety and utility vary widely. This study aims to understand the percentage of use, factors associated, perceptions, and attitudes about e-cigarettes among Ecuadorian adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among the Ecuadorian population aged 18-65 years through a convenience sample, using a structured online questionnaire designed to collect responses from voluntary participants over three months, from February to April 2023. The questionnaire assessed the respondents' attitudes and perceptions towards e-cigarettes. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, and adjusted logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with e-cigarette use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of a total of 3047 Ecuadorian adults, the percentage of e-cigarette ever use was 27.9% (n=850), with 19.4% being current users and 8.5% former users. A negative stance towards e-cigarettes was predominant, with 66.3% considering e-cigarette use a public health problem in Ecuador. A significant association was observed between e-cigarette use and perceived harmfulness (p<0.001). Among non-users, there was a predominant stance in favor of control measures and disapproval of e-cigarette use among minors (p<0.001). The factors associated with the use of electronic cigarettes included being health personnel (AOR=1.51; 95% CI: 1.26-1.80). Older age (aged >24 years) and a history of tobacco use were associated with lower e-cigarette use (current users, OR=0.31; 95% CI: 0.25-0.38; previous users, OR=0.23; 95% CI: 0.18-0.28).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings highlight a significant percentage of e-cigarette use among Ecuadorian adults, especially among younger groups. There is a need for comprehensive public health education about e-cigarettes in Ecuador. There is strong support from the public for control measures, suggesting the potential acceptability of regulations concerning e-cigarettes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11141133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141200644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}