Tobacco Induced Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Smoking-related bladder cancer burden from 1990 to 2021: An age-period-cohort analysis of the global burden of disease study.","authors":"Qingqing Yu, Bing Li, Hao Lin, Chao Sun, Xinyue Yang, Zhiqiang Zhang","doi":"10.18332/tid/204744","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/204744","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bladder cancer is common in the elderly, with smoking as a major risk factor. This study assesses the global burden of bladder cancer attributable to smoking, using data from 204 countries and regions (1990-2021).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mortality, age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), and age-standardized DALY rates (ASDR) were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. The burden of smoking-related bladder cancer was analyzed by age, gender, and sociodemographic index (SDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1990 and 2021, global deaths due to smoking-related bladder cancer increased by 42.9%, while disability rose by 31.0%. In 2021, the global number of bladder cancer deaths due to smoking reached 58766 (95% UI: 49381-70891). Despite these increases, both ASMR and ASDR declined globally. Males experienced a higher increase in mortality and disability, with rates approximately 10 times higher than females. Middle SDI countries saw the largest rise in burden. The annual decline in mortality was 2.06%, greater in males than females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The burden of smoking-related bladder cancer is higher in males, middle-aged and elderly individuals, and medium to high SDI countries. Targeted prevention and health policies are crucial to reducing the disease's impact on populations and healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12160010/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global, regional, and national burden of secondhand smoke-related tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer: Results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2021.","authors":"Jinfeng Yao, Liming Xia, Huiqin Lu, Tao Zhang, Tongfei Zhang, Guo Chen","doi":"10.18332/tid/205049","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/205049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study analyzes the global, regional, and national health burden of secondhand smoke-related tracheal, bronchus, and lung (TBL) cancer from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary dataset analysis of the GBD dataset. First, the number and age-standardized rate (ASR) per 100000 population of deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) related to TBL cancer due to secondhand smoke in 2021 were analyzed at multiple levels. The temporal trends in disease burden between 1990 and 2021 were then analyzed by a linear regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, the number of deaths and DALYs from secondhand smoke-related TBL cancer increased from 57.6 thousand and 1598.9 thousand in 1990 to 97.9 thousand and 2355.9 thousand in 2021. Men faced higher risks, with 56.8 thousand deaths and 1359.6 thousand DALYs in 2021. The highest number of deaths and DALYs occurred in the age groups of 70-74 years (15731; 95% UI: 1787-30495) and 65-69 years (380606; 95% UI: 47383-717297), respectively. Disease burden varies widely across sociodemographic index (SDI) regions, GBD regions, and countries. In 2021, the high-middle SDI region had the highest ASRs of deaths (1.96; 95% UI: 0.23-3.67) and DALYs (47.2; 95% UI: 5.65-87.54), and the highest number of deaths (39124; 95% UI: 4613-73341) and DALYs (936577; 95% UI: 111577-1736627). ASR for deaths and DALYs was highest in East Asia (2.75; 95% UI: 0.34-5.18 and 62.42; 95% UI: 7.79-116.4). Among the countries, China has the highest number of deaths (58034; 95% UI: 7170-109625) and DALYs (1359730; 95% UI: 170188-2537368), and Montenegro has the highest ASR of deaths (3.45; 95% UI: 0.38-7.06) and DALYs (84.34; 95% UI: 9.36-170.96).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study describes the disease burden of secondhand smoke-related TBL cancer, emphasizing secondhand smoke is a non-negligible risk factor for TBL cancer. The findings of this study can serve as a basis for formulating targeted tobacco control policies, which could significantly contribute to reducing the global burden of TBL cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12160775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144286579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco imagery in prime-time television in Spain: A content analysis.","authors":"Armando Peruga, Olena Tigova, Ariadna Feliu, Dolors Carnicer-Pont, Laura Anton, Félix Bosch, Juan Miguel Rey-Pino, Esteve Salto, Esteve Fernández, Cristina Martínez","doi":"10.18332/tid/204750","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/204750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exposure to tobacco content in media among youth is a well-established risk factor for smoking initiation and continued use. This study assessed the prevalence and nature of tobacco imagery on Spanish prime-time television (TV) programming and its associations with program characteristics: genre, production nationality, and broadcast timing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A content analysis of 63959 minutes of TV programming in 2021, excluding advertisements and trailers, across 18 broadcast channels examined the presence of tobacco imagery: actual tobacco use, tobacco cultural cues, smoking ban violations, tobacco brand appearances, or any of these.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis revealed that 2.4% of the TV programming time contained at least one instance of tobacco imagery, resulting in 8.5 million impressions for viewers aged 4-24 years. Feature films had the highest prevalence of tobacco-related content (adjusted prevalence ratio, APR=11.9; 95% CI: 9.5-14.9). Tobacco-related content appeared more frequently outside designated children's protection hours (PR=0.7; 95% CI: 0.6-0.80). However, its presence within the designated children's protection schedule remains a significant concern, generating 15.6 million tobacco impressions for young viewers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The seemingly modest content level of tobacco imagery (2.4%) translates into a substantial number of impressions for young viewers aged 4-24 years, including during the designated children's protection schedule. Reducing tobacco imagery in films and TV series represents a promising strategy for curbing youth smoking. However, the current reliance on youth protection schedules is inadequate. To better protect children from tobacco imagery, policies should mandate strong anti-tobacco disclaimers preceding programs featuring tobacco and certificates of No Pay-off for tobacco portrayals.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12150290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an extended full-time equivalent framework: A workforce metric for the beedi rolling industry in India.","authors":"Eshwari Kundangar, Muralidhar M Kulkarni, Yash Alok, Ambigai Rajendran, Satish Kumar, Praveen Kumar, Priyanka Bantwal, Rohith Bhagawath, Ashwath Naik, Praveen Sinha, Mark Goodchild","doi":"10.18332/tid/203508","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/203508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>India's significant role in the global tobacco industry is underscored by its position as the second largest producer and consumer. Among the various tobacco products, beedis are the most popular in South Asia. These small, thin, hand-rolled cigarettes are wrapped in leaves from native Asian plants and are a traditional form of tobacco consumption in the region. For many women in regions like coastal Karnataka, beedi rolling is a primary occupation and a vital source of income. Labor unions estimate that there are around 7-8 million people in the beedi industry across India, with around 5.5 million registered workers nationwide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-method approach was initially used to finalize the parameters required for calculating the full-time equivalent (FTE), which comprised expert opinion, scoping review, and focus group discussions among beedi rollers. A 14-item questionnaire was developed, and four experts validated readability, relevance, and clarity in both the local language (Kannada) and English. Content validity was measured using the item-content validity index (I-CVI) and scale content validity index (S-CVI), with a modified Cohen's kappa value for inter-rater agreement. Subsequently, a cross-sectional design was followed for pilot testing the developed framework for FTE among ten beedi rollers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The article outlines various frameworks for determining the full-time equivalent (FTE) for beedi workers, broadly categorized into workload-based, productivity-based, and forecasting models. Among these categories, the productivity-based model appears suitable for beedi rollers. Using the extended FTE-index, beedi rolling work was classified as underloaded (≤0.95), normal (0.95-1.04), and overloaded (≥1.05). A pilot study suggests that the proposed FTE framework can be implemented and utilized to assess their workload.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study presents a pilot-tested framework to evaluate beedi rollers' workload and advocates for improved working conditions. Three different models were compared: workload-based, productivity-based, and forecasting. As beedi rollers are paid based on the number of beedis they roll in a week rather than the time it takes, the productivity-based model is best suited for calculating FTE for this occupation.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12142004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of global and Chinese trends in the burden of ischemic stroke attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990-2021.","authors":"Xiao Zhou, Jiaming Liu, Xin Li","doi":"10.18332/tid/204510","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/204510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ischemic stroke (IS) represents a major health burden in China, and tobacco control is recognized as a practical and effective strategy to alleviate this impact. This study examines the influence of secondhand smoke (SHS) on the IS burden in China from 1990-2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021, this study analyzed the mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) burden of ischemic stroke (IS) attributable to secondhand smoke (SHS) in China and globally from 1990 to 2021. This study examined trends across different age and sex groups and projected future mortality and DALYs, providing a scientific basis for targeted public health strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over the past 32 years, the number of IS deaths from SHS exposure in China rose from 23394.83 (95% UI: 15837.47-32315.19) in 1990 to 53697.88 (95% UI: 35003.84-76382.65) in 2021. Despite this increase, the ASMR declined from 3.94 (95% UI: 2.59-5.54) per 100000 population in 1990 to 2.92 (95% UI: 1.88-4.21) in 2021, with an AAPC of -0.04 (95% CI: -0.04-0.03). However, China's ASMR and ASDR remain significantly higher than the global average. APC analysis revealed greater mortality trends among the elderly and females. Over the next 30 years, mortality rates will decline across all ages, but deaths will rise, especially in those aged 75 years and older.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The mortality rate of SHS-related IS in China declined from 1990 to 2021, but elderly and female patients still face a high burden. China's disease burden remains higher than the global average. While mortality rates may continue to decline, deaths are expected to rise, especially among those aged 75 years and older.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The growing public health concern of nicotine pouch consumption among Pakistani youth.","authors":"Rehan Jan, Maryam Jan","doi":"10.18332/tid/205164","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/205164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139390/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediately scheduled for an appointment to smoking cessation clinics: Key to quitting smoking in chronic airway disease - a multicenter randomized study.","authors":"Dilek Karadoğan, Tahsin Gökhan Telatar, İlknur Kaya, Siahmet Atlı, Neslihan Köse Kabil, Feride Marım, Merve Yumrukuz Şenel, Aycan Yüksel, Burcu Yalçın, Ökkeş Gültekin, Merve Erçelik, Metin Akgün","doi":"10.18332/tid/204254","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/204254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A significant proportion of patients with chronic airway diseases continue to smoke even after the diagnosis. In addition, smoking cessation support continues to be a neglected issue in real-life settings by physicians for that patient group. Therefore, in our search for a solution to this issue, we conducted our study to evaluate the effect of arranging immediate appointments to smoking cessation outpatient clinics on smoking cessation success in patients with chronic airway disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, randomized, parallel-arm prospective study (NCT05764343) was conducted in pulmonary outpatient clinics between November 2022 and June 2023. Current smoker patients aged ≥18 years diagnosed with COPD, asthma, or bronchiectasis for at least 6 months were included and sequentially randomized in a 1:1 ratio. Both arms received brief smoking cessation interventions, and the intervention arm had immediate access to a smoking cessation clinic appointment. In contrast, the control arm received a standard quitline appointment for routine service. The primary endpoint was the self-reported smoking cessation rate at 3 months, analyzed using an intentionto-treat approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study comprised 198 patients in the immediate appointment arm and 199 in the usual care arm. The quit rate was significantly higher in the immediate appointment arm (26.7%) than in the usual care arm (16.5%, p=0.014). Access to smoking cessation medication was 69.3% in the intervention group against 22.0% in the control group (p<0.001). Multivariable analysis identified access to smoking cessation medication as the sole significant predictor of cessation success at 3 months (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=5.64; 95% CI: 2.89-11.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study revealed that access to evidence-based smoking cessation support is positively associated with successful quitting. Compared to the usual care arm, the immediately appointment-scheduled arm has a higher access rate of cessation support. Therefore, smoking cessation support, including pharmacotherapy, should be part of routine care for patients with chronic airway diseases.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>The study is registered on the official website of ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: ID NCT05764343.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12139391/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory response to chronic nicotine-containing electronic cigarette exposure in a rat model of myocardial infarction.","authors":"Jianru Shi, Wangde Dai, Juan Carreno, Jaspreet Sachdeva, Jesus Chavez, Michael T Kleinman, David A Herman, Rebecca J Arechavala, Irene Hasen, Amanda Ting, Robert A Kloner","doi":"10.18332/tid/204010","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/204010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The long-term effects of chronic electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) exposure on lung and heart inflammation during the healing phase of myocardial infarction (MI) remain unexplored. Additionally, the impact of e-cigarette exposure on blood parameters in this context is unclear. This study aims to assess e-cigarette with nicotine (e-cig Nic+) effects on lung histology, inflammatory gene expression in cardiac tissue, and blood parameters during MI recovery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes underwent proximal left coronary artery occlusion to induce a large anterior wall MI. After one week, rats were randomized to either air or e-cig Nic+ exposure for 12 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the lungs, e-cig Nic+ exposure led to a significant accumulation of inflammatory cells within the alveolar spaces and increased inflammatory cell numbers in the lung parenchyma compared to the air group. Numerically elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress biomarker, were observed in the e-cig Nic+ group. In the heart, a PCR array analysis of inflammatory cytokines and receptors revealed that 70 out of 84 inflammatory-related genes were downregulated in the e-cig Nic+ group, with 11 reaching statistical significance. Additionally, the blood of rats exposed to e-cig Nic+ exhibited significantly lower white blood cell, lymphocyte, and platelet counts compared to the air group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic exposure to e-cig Nic+ exacerbates lung inflammation, alters inflammatory gene expression in the heart, and suppresses immune cell counts in the blood during MI recovery. These findings suggest that e-cigarette with nicotine aerosol inhalation contributes to lung lesions and dampens immune and inflammatory responses in an already compromised MI setting.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between smoking and the occurrence of hyperuricemia: A retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Peihua Li, Xinyu Li, Guosheng Li, Bing Wang, Yudan Liu, Yuedong Zhao, Qing Yu, Zhengnan Gao, Xuhan Liu","doi":"10.18332/tid/204253","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/204253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted to study the association between smoking and hyperuricemia (HUA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By collecting and analyzing clinical data of 3196 patients with undiagnosed HUA at baseline in Dalian Municipal Central Hospital of China between 1 January 2010 and 1 January 2021, patients were grouped according to baseline smoking status and smoking index (the number of cigarettes smoked per day × number of years of smoking). Cox regression analysis was used to perform univariable and multivariable analyses of factors that may influence the occurrence of HUA. And further stratification was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up time was 3.62 years. A total of 485 (15.2%) patients developed HUA (≥420 μmol/L). The incidence of HUA was significantly higher in the smoking group than in the non-smoking group (p<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of HUA between the smoking index 1-4 (>0) groups and the smoking index 0 (0) group (p<0.05). Multifactorial Cox regression analyses were performed separately and after adjustment for relevant influences, the results showed that smoking was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of HUA with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.38 (95% CI: 1.11-1.72). And the smoking index groups 401-600 and ≥601 were independent risk factors for the occurrence of HUA, with HRs of 1.46 (95% CI: 1.20-1.70) and 1.53 (95% CI: 1.06-2.22), respectively. The further stratified analysis revealed that smoking remained an independent risk factor for the occurrence of HUA in all subgroups, and the smoking index ≥601 group was also an independent risk factor for the occurrence of HUA, with HRs greater than 1 (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of HUA and is independent of gender, whether a woman is menopausal, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption. The smoking index ≥601 was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of HUA.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12124120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144200087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study of knowledge about secondhand smoke-attributed diseases, awareness, and applicability of the smoking control law in a southern province of Thailand.","authors":"Chutarat Sathirapanya, Napakkawat Buathong, Polathep Vichitkunakorn, Phoomjai Sornsenee, Vasin Pipattanachat, Pornchai Sathirapanya","doi":"10.18332/tid/204397","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/204397","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is a significant cause of illness. This study aimed to explore the awareness of SHS-attributed illnesses and the legal control of the Tobacco Product Control (TPC) Act 2017 among the local people living in Meung district, a municipality of Songkhla Province, Thailand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This quantitative and qualitative study was conducted in 3 marketplaces and 6 public bus terminals in a southern province of Thailand between November 2021 and September 2022. A total of 330 volunteers were enrolled for the quantitative analysis. Meanwhile, 13 local government officers (LGOs), 2 market visitors, and 5 public vehicle passengers were interviewed for qualitative analysis to evaluate applicability of the law in this province. We collected the participants' general demographics, prevalence of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure, knowledge about SHS-attributed diseases, and awareness of the law. Chi-squared test was used to assess the associations between demographics and knowledge of SHS-attributed diseases and awareness of the legal restrictions regarding SHS exposure (p<0.05). Thematic analysis for evaluating applicability of the law was conducted from the interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tobacco smell was experienced more frequently than witnessing smokers in marketplaces (49.8% vs 30.0%) and on public vehicles (45.5% vs 20.7%). The mean ± SD scores of knowledge regarding the law were low (marketplace, 4.09 ± 1.61; bus, 4.07 ± 1.69), while that of SHS-attributed health harms were moderate (marketplace, 6.31 ± 2.14; bus, 6.30 ± 1.64). Age, education level, and religion had significant associations with knowledge about SHS-attributed diseases (p=0.001, <0.001, <0.001, respectively), while age and education level were significantly associated with awareness of the law (p<0.001). We found weaknesses in the collaboration of LGOs. Inadequate resources and a high volume of routine workload were the attributed barriers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Enhancing knowledge about SHS-attributed illnesses, awareness of the SHS control law, and strengthening public engagement are crucial for SHS exposure control. The collaboration between the local people and LGOs for effective SHS control is advocated.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12121484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}