Tobacco Induced Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Examining longitudinal associations between initial perceptions and experiences with electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) use and use patterns among adults who smoke and recently initiated ENDS.","authors":"Michelle Mavreles Ogrodnick, Nikita G Kute, Vuong Van Do, Paige Wiley, Katherine Henderson, Claire A Spears, Terry F Pechacek, Scott R Weaver","doi":"10.18332/tid/193009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/193009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Limited data exist on factors associated with concurrent use patterns of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) and cigarettes. We examined longitudinally perceptions and experiences with ENDS in relationship to concurrent use patterns among established, recent smokers who recently initiated ENDS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participant recruitment took place using paid digital advertisements on social media. Between December 2020 and October 2021, 303 adults aged ≥21 years from across the US who currently or recently smoked and had initiated ENDS use within the past 30 days or reinitiated ENDS use after more than one year of non-use were surveyed. Multinomial logistic regressions were conducted to analyze association between the outcome of current use pattern at follow-up at 1 month [rejectors (discontinued ENDS, continued smoking), primary smokers (concurrent users, mostly smoke), dual user (similar smoking and ENDS use), primary vapers (concurrent users, mostly vape), and switchers (discontinued smoking, continued using ENDS) or quitters (discontinued both smoking and ENDS] and perceptions of and experiences with ENDS predictors at baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At follow-up at 1 to 2 months after initiating ENDS, 20% were rejectors, 31% were primary smokers, 13% were dual users, 19% were primary vapers, and 17% were switchers/quitters. Perceiving ENDS as less harmful than smoking or being uncertain and as equally or more enjoyable smoking, experiencing a lot or complete reduction in cravings to smoking and in irritability with ENDS use, liking the taste of ENDS, and being satisfied with vaping were associated with higher odds of quitting smoking compared to rejecting ENDS or mostly smoking at follow-up at 1 month.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings highlight the importance of initial ENDS perceptions and experiences when examining tobacco outcomes and potentially for developing policies and interventions targeting smoking cessation. ENDS initiators are differentiating into distinct use patterns based on these factors within a short period of time.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11427937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142354499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoked, smokeless, and poly-tobacco use during pregnancy in relation to infant mortality in Cambodia: Findings from a nationwide sample.","authors":"Jiahao Peng, Anne Berit Petersen, David Shavlik, Daliao Xiao, Daravuth Yel, They Kheam, Pramil N Singh","doi":"10.18332/tid/191718","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/191718","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is an established risk factor for adverse maternal, fetal, and infant outcomes. In contrast, maternal smokeless tobacco use (i.e. e-cigarettes, snus, betel quid, iqmik) during pregnancy has a more complex risk profile due to its potential use as a smoking cessation aid or to reduce the harm from smoking tobacco. The overall aim of this study was to investigate the association between smoked, smokeless, and poly-tobacco (smoked + smokeless) use during pregnancy and infant mortality, in a national sample of women in Cambodia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used data from the National Adult Tobacco Survey of Cambodia (NATSC) that employed sampling methods and tobacco survey items from the CDC Global Adult Tobacco Survey but also included a supplement on reproductive health and birthing history. We selected 5342 women of the NATSC who reported complete data on at least one pregnancy, and our unit of analysis was the 15998 pregnancies from these women. We conducted a multivariable logistic regression to relate tobacco use to infant mortality. Taylor linearized variance estimators were used to account for clustering by sampling unit and mother.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that smokeless tobacco in the form of a betel quid was the most common form of tobacco used during pregnancy. In multivariable logistic regression, we found increased odds of infant death for all tobacco use categories (smoked, smokeless), but that the strongest effects were seen for habits that included smokeless tobacco (relative to never use of tobacco in any form): exclusive use of smokeless tobacco (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=2.08; 95% CI: 1.15-3.76), and poly-tobacco use (AOR=5.68; 95% CI: 1.03-31.46). In more detailed analyses that considered the composition of the betel quid (tobacco, areca nut/leaf, slaked lime), we found that even chewing of tobacco leaves with no processing or additives was associated with a three-fold increase in odds of infant death relative to a never user (AOR=3.05; 95% CI: 1.45-6.45).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found that even among those pregnant women who limited their nicotine habit to chewing tobacco leaves with no processing or additives, there remained higher odds of fetal or infant death from that pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes of campus tobacco control environment and the impact on tobacco control behaviors among secondary school personnel in Shanghai, China.","authors":"Nuo Chen, Luojia Dai, Juanjuan Wang, Lulu Zhang, Jingfen Zhu","doi":"10.18332/tid/191763","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/191763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Youth smoking is a serious public health problem. Nevertheless, a rigorous tobacco-free environment within schools, combined with exemplary tobacco control behavior among school personnel can effectively contribute to reducing adolescent smoking. This study compared the tobacco control environment in Shanghai secondary schools in 2017 and 2021, and explored how the tobacco control environment influenced the tobacco control behaviors of school personnel.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two cross-sectional studies were conducted from October to December 2017 and October to December 2021, using stratified cluster random sampling method, and 2403 and 1761 valid questionnaires were collected, respectively. The chi-squared test was used to test the differences between categorical variables. Binary logistic regression was conducted using survey data from 2021 to explore the influencing factors of staff's tobacco control behaviors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with 2017, the percentages of staff members who were current smokers, had smoked on campus in the past year and were exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) on campus in the past 7 days in 2021 decreased by 2.95%, 2.30% and 8.91%, respectively. However, the proportion of personnel who knew the school had organized tobacco control education decreased. Furthermore, school personnel who had received tobacco control education and agreed the school should strictly prohibit students from smoking (AOR=1.64; 95% CI: 1.25-2.15) were more likely to inform about the harm of tobacco to students. Those who had participated in tobacco control education activities or tobacco control trainings (AOR=1.87; 95% CI: 1.30-2.69) and believed that the school did not strictly prohibit either students (AOR=0.30; 95% CI: 0.22-0.41) or personnel (AOR=0.46; 95% CI: 0.36-0.59) from smoking were more inclined to stop students from smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with 2017, the rates of smoking and secondhand smoke exposure among school personnel decreased in 2021, but some schools still lacked comprehensive education on tobacco control behaviors for the staff. Enhancing the health literacy and strengthening tobacco control education among staff were effective strategies to encouraging their active adoption of tobacco control behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11413989/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence, mortality and risk factors for self-reported COPD among smokers and never smokers, NHANES 1999-2018.","authors":"Xiaohua Li,Minwei Xue,Donggang Xu,Caiyun Fan,Jianquan Zhang","doi":"10.18332/tid/192745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/192745","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONCigarette smoke is the main risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but 25% to 50% of cases occur in non-smokers. In the US, limited recent national data compare COPD prevalence between smokers and never smokers. Furthermore, our study seeks to explore the prevalence and mortality of self-reported COPD among smokers (including current smokers and ex-smokers) and never smokers in the US from 1999 to 2018, and to identify the risk factors and differences.METHODSThis cross-sectional analysis used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2018. Age-standardized prevalence of self-reported COPD among current smokers, ex-smokers, and never smokers was calculated using sample weights and 2010 US Census estimates. Risk factors were evaluated through weighted logistic regression models. Subsequently, participants who enrolled in the study cohort were followed until 31 December 2019, to determine all-cause mortality rates.RESULTSBetween 1999 and 2018, the weighted prevalence of COPD among current smokers, ex-smokers, and never smokers in the U.S. was 12.6%, 9.6%, and 4.1%, respectively. The mortality rates observed were 21.1% among current smokers with COPD, 29% among ex-smokers with COPD, and 12% among never smokers with COPD. Over this period, among the general population in the U.S., the proportion of current smokers has declined, the proportion of never smokers has increased, and the proportion of ex-smokers has remained relatively stable. From 1999 to 2018, COPD prevalence rose from 13.7% to 21.9% among current smokers, stayed at 10.1% among ex-smokers, and dropped from 4.9% to 3.3% among never smokers. Independent risk factors for COPD across all groups included being female, older, and lower income. In particular, US citizens and non-Hispanic Whites (among ex-smokers and never smokers) were at higher risk compared to their counterparts.CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence and all-cause mortality of COPD among current smokers and ex-smokers remain elevated. Although the prevalence of COPD among never smokers is gradually declining, it continues to be significant, thereby maintaining a substantial burden of disease. Furthermore, common independent risk factors for COPD across current smokers, ex-smokers, and never smokers include female gender, advanced age, lower income, and deviations from normal body weight whether overweight or underweight.","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of weight control related behaviors with current cigarette smoking among Chinese adolescents: Results from an ongoing school-based survey in Zhejiang province.","authors":"Meng Wang, Jue Xu, Haiping Fang, Liping Yang, Tao Yang, Jianqiang Fan, Xiaofu Du, Chunxiao Xu, Yunqi Guan, Jieming Zhong, Min Yu","doi":"10.18332/tid/192001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/192001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Previous studies have suggested that adolescents may smoke cigarettes to control weight, but relevant research is scarce in Chinese youth. This study was conducted to examine the associations of weight control related behaviors with cigarette smoking in Chinese students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a secondary analysis of data for 24835 middle and high school students drawn from the 2022 Zhejiang Youth Risk Behavior Survey of China which collected self-reported information of cigarette smoking, weight control strategies and other health-related behaviors. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the study associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, there were 998 (4.02%) current cigarette smokers in this wave of the Zhejiang YRBS (2022). Neither trying to control weight nor healthy weight control behavior of exercising was associated with current cigarette smoking (AOR=1.15; 95% CI: 0.97-1.37 and AOR=1.01; 95% CI: 0.85-1.20, respectively). Meanwhile, unhealthy weight control behaviors of taking laxatives (AOR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.03-2.26), taking diet pills (AOR=1.82; 95% CI: 1.26-2.62), dieting (AOR=1.24; 95% CI: 1.04-1.49), and fasting (AOR=1.81; 95% CI: 1.40-2.34) were significantly associated with increased odds of current cigarette smoking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Screening and developing interventions for unhealthy weight control behaviors should be considered as part of smoking prevention programs among adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11401605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An observational study of the marketing practice of e-cigarette specialty stores in two large cities in China: Is there potential to normalize the use of e-cigarettes?","authors":"Hui Deng, Ling Fang, Lingyun Zhang, Sisi Wen, Shuai Zhang, Fan Wang, Pinpin Zheng","doi":"10.18332/tid/191840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/191840","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Supervision measures in China have designated offline retail as the only legal channel for the sale and advertising of e-cigarettes. Specialty stores, exclusively selling vaping devices and e-liquids, are professionally designed to showcase company images and provide the best examples of e-cigarette marketing strategies. The goal was to analyze the retail marketing practice of e-cigarette specialty stores and provide a scientific reference for future e-cigarette point-of-sale regulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On-site observations were conducted in specialty stores among the popular business districts of Chengdu and Shanghai, China, from January to May 2021. 'Dianping', known as 'Chinese Yelp', was used to identify 8 business districts in Shanghai and 5 in Chengdu as observation sites. Two trained observers visited each store in the identified business districts. The data were collected with a checklist, which consisted of 5 sections with 37 items, including basic information, marketing practice, age restriction and health warnings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 161 e-cigarette specialty stores, including 82 specialty stores in Shanghai and 79 in Chengdu, were identified. Of these stores, 156 were single-brand retailers and 5 were multi-brand retailers. Each store displayed e-cigarette products, which were visible from outside the store. The most common e-cigarette products were rechargeable kits and nicotine-containing e-liquids, which were available at all specialty stores. Frequent forms of promotion were free e-liquid samples (100%) and slogans (57.8%). Signage stating prohibition of minor use and purchase was presented at 141 (87.6%) specialty stores. Relatively few specialty stores (31.7%) displayed health warnings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>E-cigarette specialty stores featured highly visible product displays, varied product selections, abundant marketing materials, free trial services, absent entry restrictions for minors, and a lack of health warnings. Policymakers should move to reduce youth exposure to e-cigarette products and marketing in the retail environment by strengthening regulations on product display and marketing.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11401606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical location, cigarette risk perceptions, and current smoking among older US adults.","authors":"Jenny E Ozga,Cassandra A Stanton,James D Sargent,Alexander W Steinberg,Zhiqun Tang,Laura M Paulin","doi":"10.18332/tid/191827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/191827","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONCigarette smoking and smoking-related lung disease are more common in rural (vs urban) areas of the United States (US). This study examined relationships between geographical location, cigarette risk perceptions, and current smoking among older adults who are at greatest risk of developing smoking-related lung disease.METHODSThe study was a secondary data analysis of 12126 respondents aged ≥40 years from Wave 5 of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study. Weighted descriptive statistics and Poisson regressions assessed current smoking (vs never or former) as a function of geographical location in a stepwise fashion, first unadjusted, then adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, and finally for both sociodemographic characteristics and cigarette risk perceptions (4-item scale), in three separate models. Sensitivity analyses examined whether individual risk perceptions items had a greater impact on the association between geographical location and current smoking.RESULTSCurrent smoking was more common among rural (20.6%) than urban (17.6%) residents. The risk ratio (RR) for rural (vs urban) residence on current smoking decreased from 1.17 (95% CI: 1.03-1.32) to 1.14 (95% CI: 1.01-1.29) to 1.08 (95% CI: 0.96-1.21) across the stepwise models. Lower cigarette risk perceptions confounded the rural-current smoking association and was an independent risk factor for smoking (adjusted RR, ARR=2.15; 95% CI: 1.94-2.18). In sensitivity analyses, believing that cigarettes are very or extremely (vs somewhat, slightly, or not at all) harmful to health and agreeing (vs not agreeing) that secondhand smoke causes lung disease in people who do not smoke, confounded the rural-current smoking association whereas beliefs about smoking causing lung cancer or lung disease in people who smoke did not.CONCLUSIONSLower cigarette risk perceptions among rural residents confounded the positive association between rural residence and current smoking. Results from sensitivity analyses highlight potential targets for communication campaigns aimed at promoting more accurate perceptions of the harmful health consequences of cigarette smoking.","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142253348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the extension of the use of a standard operating procedure for nicotine, glycerol and propylene glycol analysis in e-liquids using mass spectrometry.","authors":"Alessia Turina,Alice Passoni,Silvano Gallus,Alessandra Lugo,Walther Klerx,Reinskje Talhout,Ranti Fayokun,Constantine Vardavas,Enrico Davoli","doi":"10.18332/tid/191823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/191823","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONStandard operating procedures (SOP), accessible to several laboratories, are essential for product verification. EU-JATC (European-Joint Action on Tobacco Control) SOP and the WHO TobLabNet (World Health Organization Tobacco Laboratories Network) SOP (SOP11) are available standard methodologies to measure nicotine, glycerol, and propylene glycol, and propose mass spectrometer (MS) as an alternative method to flame ionization detector (FID). This study conducted a comparison between FID and MS concentration results, following the MS method described in SOP11.METHODSIn May 2020, five test e-liquids in replicates (A-E) were prepared at the Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri and sent, with SOP 11, validation document and results datasheet to 32 different laboratories all over the world from WHO TobLabNet and EU-JATC (18 from JATC, ten from WHO TobLabNet and four academic laboratories). Among thirty-two independent laboratories that participated in the study, results were received from 30 laboratories.RESULTSThe e-liquids analyses, using the two approaches, were compared. Of the 30 laboratories surveyed, 21 utilized the FID approach exclusively, 7 opted for MS detection, and 2 employed both methods. The findings demonstrated that the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method offers comparable analytical capabilities regarding accuracy and precision for nicotine, glycerol, and propylene glycol to the FID approach. Through Pearson's correlation test with r≃1 showing a positive correlation between GC-FID and GC-MS data, and the Student's t-test, no significant differences between the two approaches were revealed, showing p>0.005 for almost all three analytes in all samples.CONCLUSIONSThis study indicates that it is possible to apply the available EU-JATC SOP and the WHO TobLabNet SOP11 even in laboratories that do not have access to an FID, for example, to analyze flavors, trace compounds or carcinogenic, mutagenic, or toxic for reproduction (CMR) in electronic cigarette liquids.","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of smoking conventional cigarettes and using heated tobacco products on the olfactory and gustatory function in healthy young adults: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ella Sever,Daniela Kovačević Pavičić,Aleksandar Pupovac,Ema Saltović,Stjepan Špalj,Irena Glažar","doi":"10.18332/tid/192524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/192524","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTIONSmoking has a negative impact on the chemosensory function. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of smoking experience and type of tobacco products on gustatory and olfactory function.METHODSThis study included 30 conventional cigarette smokers, 30 heated tobacco products (HTPs) users, and 30 non-smokers. Olfactory function was assessed with a 'Sniffin' Sticks Screening 12 Test' while the taste function was assessed with 'taste strips' for the basic tastes of sweet, sour, salty, and bitter. The lifetime exposure to smoking was calculated using the Brinkman index (BI).RESULTSConventional cigarette smokers demonstrated decreased olfactory function in comparison to non-smokers (median: 10 vs 11; p=0.001) but HTPs users did not differ between those two groups. Overall gustatory function was lower in conventional cigarette smokers (median: 9.5) and HTPs users (median: 10) than in non-smokers (median: 14; p<0.001). A difference was detected in the sour, salty and bitter taste but without significant difference between HTPs users and conventional cigarette smokers. Negative linear correlations were found between the BI and olfactory function, overall gustatory function, sour, salty, and bitter taste (r= -0.317 - -0.585; p≤0.002). In multiple linear regression, BI was the only predictor of olfactory dysfunction when controlling for the effect of tobacco products, age, and gender accounting for 11% of variance (p=0.024, R2=0.123). For gustatory dysfunction, BI was the strongest predictor followed by gender and tobacco products accounting for 11%, 5%, and 4% (p<0.001, R2=0.259).CONCLUSIONSOlfactory and gustatory function are adversely associated with smoking, more depending on BI than tobacco product.","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142186059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study of lung cancer between smokers and nonsmokers: A real-world study based on the whole population from Tianjin City, China.","authors":"Wenlong Zheng, Guohong Jiang, Chong Wang, Luning Xun, Chengfeng Shen, Shuang Zhang, Hui Zhang, Qingxin Zhou, Meiqiu Xie, Xiaodan Xue, Dezheng Wang, Jun Lv","doi":"10.18332/tid/192191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/192191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and changing trends of non-smokers with lung cancer (LC) based on data from a population-wide cancer registry in northern China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study used LC incidence and follow-up data from 2010 to 2019 from the Cancer Registry System of Tianjin city, which included 82769 cases. Trends in the incidence and proportion of non-smokers with LC were examined by joinpoint regression analysis. Life table and Cox survival analyses were used to calculate the survival rates and compare the death hazard ratios (HRs) in different groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 82769 new diagnosis cases of LC during 2010 to 2019, there were 34589 (41.8%) current smokers, 14913 (18.0%) ex-smokers, 28123 (34.0%) non-smokers, and 5144 (6.2%) unknowns. The proportion of non-smokers changed slightly from 2010 (35.36%) to 2019 (36.87%) (annual percentage change, APC= -0.01%, p>0.05). This proportion declined in men (2010 vs 2019; 22.06% vs 20.66%) and increased in women (2010 vs 2019; 53.02% vs 62.35%), and in the 0-44 years age group it showed an upward trend from 2015 to 2019 (APC=4.82%, 95% CI: 1.8-7.9). Compared with smokers with LC, non-smokers with LC were predominantly females (64.15% vs 27.26%), had a predominantly adenocarcinoma histological subtypes (76.71% vs 42.22%), and had a 20% lower risk of death than smokers (HR=0.80; 95% CI: 0.78-0.81).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proportion of non-smokers with LC was relatively high in northern China, with an increasing trend in the proportion of females and younger age groups. Non-smokers with LC had different epidemiological and clinical characteristics compared with smokers with LC.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11382349/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142296213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}