Tobacco Induced Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Trends, cross-country inequalities and risk factors in the global burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mortality, 1990-2021: a secondary data analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.","authors":"Yu Sun, Shu Li, Dan Xu, Yao Li, Wei Li","doi":"10.18332/tid/228906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/228906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death worldwide. Understanding the mortality trends and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is crucial for addressing systemic health disparities and informing fair decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary data analysis based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. The mortality burden of COPD from 1990 to 2021 was evaluated using decomposition analysis, risk factor analysis, health inequality analysis, and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) prediction model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Globally, COPD deaths increased from 2495513.45 (95% UI: 2238986.25-2694755.05) in 1990 to 3719936.55 (95% UI: 3347912.32-4084218.2) in 2021, while the age-standardized mortality rate per 100000 population (ASMR) decreased from 71.92 (95% UI: 64.47-77.53) to 45.22 (95% UI: 40.61-49.7). Significant reductions in ASMR were observed in high and high-middle sociodemographic index (SDI) regions, whereas low and low-middle SDI regions saw minimal improvements. The highest ASMRs were noted in Oceania, South Asia, and East Asia. Risk factors such as environmental/occupational risks, air pollution, and tobacco use remained significant contributors to COPD mortality. Gender disparities were evident, with males having higher ASMRs than females, particularly after the age of 60 years. Cross-country health inequalities worsened, with the concentration index indicating a shift towards greater burden in low SDI countries. The future forecast indicated that ASMR will continue to decrease to 19.97 (95% CI: 10.98-28.96) by 2051.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite overall improvements in COPD mortality rates, the increasing total number of deaths underscores the challenges posed by demographic shifts and health inequalities. Differentiated prevention and control strategies targeting low SDI regions, with attention to gender and older population differences, are needed to address key risk factors and reduce health inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13678534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149224928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between smoking cessation duration and prediabetes among former smokers: A secondary dataset analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2024.","authors":"Minchai Kim, Hongji Lee, Yeon Woo Oh, Eun-Cheol Park","doi":"10.18332/tid/236889","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/236889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prediabetes is an early stage of glucose dysregulation and an important target for diabetes prevention. Smoking is a modifiable risk factor for impaired glucose metabolism, and metabolic risk after smoking cessation may differ by time since cessation. This study examined the association between smoking cessation duration and prediabetes among Korean adult former smokers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary dataset analysis used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), a nationwide cross-sectional survey conducted in the Republic of Korea, from 2015 to 2024, and included 8790 former smokers aged ≥30 years without diabetes. Smoking cessation duration was the primary exposure, and prediabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose 100-125 mg/dL or hemoglobin A1c 5.7-6.4%. Sex-stratified multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prediabetes was present in 4205 men (56.9%) and 478 women (34.3%). Among men, each additional year since smoking cessation was associated with lower odds of prediabetes (AOR=0.99; 95% CI: 0.99-1.00; p=0.019), whereas no significant association was observed among women (AOR=1.00; 95% CI: 0.99-1.02; p=0.554). In subgroup analyses among men, inverse associations were observed in those with 10-19 pack-years (AOR=0.99; 95% CI: 0.98-1.00) and ≥20 pack-years (AOR=0.99; 95% CI: 0.98-1.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Longer smoking cessation duration was associated with lower odds of prediabetes among Korean male former smokers, whereas no comparable association was observed among women. The association was more evident in men with greater cumulative smoking exposure. Because of the cross-sectional design, these findings should be interpreted as associations and do not establish a causal effect of smoking cessation duration on metabolic risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic determinants, knowledge, and patterns of e-cigarette use among adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Bayan Alzahrani, Peter Cahusac, Abdullah Alsharif, Manal Alhumud, Noara Alhusseini","doi":"10.18332/tid/231135","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/231135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use has increased globally and in Saudi Arabia. Evidence regarding sociodemographic determinants, perceptions, and patterns of use among Saudi adults remains limited. This study investigated sociodemographic determinants, knowledge, perceptions, and patterns of e-cigarette use among Saudi adult users in Riyadh.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 207 Saudi adult e-cigarette users residing in Riyadh from 21 January to 18 April 2024. Participants were recruited using a convenience sampling strategy. Data were collected using a self-administered online questionnaire distributed through social media platforms. The inclusion criteria included Saudi adults aged ≥18 years who reported current e-cigarette use and resided in Riyadh. Data were analyzed using jamovi (version 2.6). Descriptive statistics, likelihood ratio tests, correlation analyses, and regression models were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants were male (71.0%) and aged 18-39 years. Friends and relatives were the primary source of information about e-cigarettes (80%). Although awareness of the legality of e-cigarettes was high (85%), misconceptions remained common. Approximately 42.5% believed e-cigarettes were safer than conventional cigarettes, while 13% believed that only water vapor was emitted. Gender was significantly associated with vaping situations (Likelihood ratio χ²(3)=8.215, p=0.042), safety perceptions (LR χ²(2)=9.226, p=0.010), vaping frequency (B=1.870; 95% CI: 0.913-2.891; p<0.001), and harm perception (B= -1.583; 95% CI: -2.947 - -0.219; p=0.023), with males reporting higher vaping frequency and lower perceived harm. Participants who reported successful smoking cessation through vaping also perceived lower levels of harm (B= -2.802; 95% CI: -4.496 - -1.108; p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Gender, age, and current occupation were linked to vaping use, with males more likely to vape frequently, age was associated with vaping locations, and occupation was linked to vaping situations. Perceptions and knowledge were associated with demographic factors, revealing relationships between gender and safety and emissions beliefs, as well as age and legality and chemical awareness. Furthermore, individuals who quit tobacco through vaping and males generally had lower harm perceptions. Future studies should be conducted to capture these associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13648282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149138426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heated tobacco products in Serbia: Tax differentials, relative prices, and excise tax pass-through.","authors":"Aleksandar Zdravković, Jovan Zubović, Boban Nedeljković","doi":"10.18332/tid/231126","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/231126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Heated tobacco products (HTPs) have become a rapidly growing segment of the tobacco market in Serbia. This study examines the evolution of HTP prices, taxation, and relative market positioning in Serbia following their entry into the market.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A secondary data analysis was conducted using administrative and publicly available market data from Serbia. Monthly retail price and excise series covered Q3 2018 - Q1 2025, while aggregate tobacco sales data covered 2018-2023. Descriptive analysis was combined with first-difference panel regression models to estimate the pass-through effect, defined as the extent to which changes in HTP and cigarette excise taxes were reflected in HTP retail prices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HTPs accounted for approximately 2.5% of estimated tobacco packs sold in 2019 and 6.25% in 2023. While HTP prices moved closer to the medium cigarette segment, real HTP prices in 2023-2024 were lower than in 2018 and the excise burden on HTPs remained much lower than on cigarettes. The excise share of the leading HTP brand reached 13.4% in 2024, compared with 61.4% for the leading cigarette brand. The estimated direct pass-through coefficient for HTP excise changes was 0.26 (95% CI: -0.07-0.59). The point estimate was below full pass-through, but the confidence interval included zero. By contrast, cigarette excise changes were positively associated with HTP price changes (0.99; 95% CI: 0.61-1.36).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Serbia, HTP market expansion has taken place under a tax regime in which the effective tax burden on HTPs remains substantially lower than that on cigarettes. The estimated pass-through effects suggest that the industry may have absorbed part of recent HTP excise increases, although this finding should be interpreted cautiously given the observational design of the study and limited identifying variation. Overall, the results point to the relevance of considering closer alignment between HTP and cigarette taxation within tobacco tax policy.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13640022/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal smoking around birth and respiratory tract infection in adult offspring: A Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Huan Ma, Yuanyuan Li, Hang Liang","doi":"10.18332/tid/226837","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/226837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maternal smoking during pregnancy impairs lung immune responses and leads to a higher frequency of respiratory infection in children. This study aims to assess the association of maternal smoking around birth with respiratory tract infection in adult offspring, using Mendelian randomization (MR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an MR study based on the Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) open Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) data. The exposure was maternal smoking around birth; the outcomes were upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), acute bronchitis, pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, viral pneumonia, influenza pneumonia, and pneumonia death. The inverse variance weighted, weighted median, and MR-Egger methods were used as the main methods of MR analysis. Heterogeneity and pleiotropic analysis were performed to ensure the accuracy of the results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After removing single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) related to smoking by the offspring, maternal smoking around birth was associated with an increased risk of LRTI (OR=2.68; 95% CI: 1.29-5.58; p=0.008), COVID-19 (OR=2.32; 95% CI: 1.30-4.14; p=0.004), acute bronchitis (OR=7.14; 95% CI: 2.54-20.06; p<0.001), pneumonia (OR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.07-3.38; p=0.030), and bacterial pneumonia (OR=2.96; 95% CI: 1.14-7.69; p=0.026). No significant correlation was detected between maternal smoking and URTI (OR=4.29; 95% CI: 0.72-25.68; p=0.111).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This Mendelian randomization study provides evidence that maternal smoking around birth is associated with an increased risk of LRTIs, particularly acute bronchitis, pneumonia, and bacterial pneumonia, along with COVID-19, in adult offspring. These findings suggest that the detrimental impact of early-life tobacco smoke exposure on respiratory health persists into adulthood, likely mediated by long-term alterations in pulmonary development and immune system programming.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13640021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of long-term e-cigarette use on the inflammation marker fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO): A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Mohammed A Almeshari, Afaf M Alrashdi, Alhanouf G Almutairi, Lujain A Alfaiz, Rimas M Almalki, Salma A Kaabi","doi":"10.18332/tid/224361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/224361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>E-cigarettes are perceived as a less harmful alternative to conventional cigarettes; however, concerns remain about the potential health risks associated with long-term use. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the long-term effects of e-cigarettes on airway inflammation, as measured by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a systematic review and meta-analysis. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched via Ovid, with the last search conducted on 3 October 2025. Studies were included if they used FeNO to assess the effects of long-term e-cigarette use; those without FeNO measurements were excluded. Risk of bias was assessed with validated tools according to study design, and meta-analysis was performed when quantitative data were available. The protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024508780).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 1018 records, six studies (n=792 participants) met the eligibility criteria. The included studies varied in population characteristics and findings: one reported higher FeNO in complete quitters versus failures/reducers; two found higher FeNO in e-cigarette users versus controls; two observed no difference; and one found lower FeNO among e-cigarette users. The meta-analysis of three studies showed a pooled mean difference of -0.26 (95% CI: -9.74-9.22), indicating no significant difference between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results across studies were heterogeneous and inconclusive, highlighting the variability in findings related to the impact of long-term e-cigarette use on airway inflammation. These inconsistencies underscore the need for further research, particularly well-powered longitudinal prospective studies, to better understand the long-term effects of e-cigarette use on inflammatory biomarkers such as FeNO.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149115252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of smoking habits in periodontal health and disease: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Tuğba Şahin, Nazurah Binti Nik-Eezammuddeen","doi":"10.18332/tid/225931","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/225931","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking is a major environmental factor in oral and periodontal tissue deterioration. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of cigarette smoking with periodontal health and disease severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Periodontology Clinic at Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University conducted a cross-sectional study from 2024 to 2026. Participants (aged ≥18 years) without systemic diseases and with no periodontal treatment within 6 months, were eligible. Antibiotic and anti-inflammatory drug users, pregnant or breastfeeding women, diabetics, waterpipe smokers, and chemotherapy and radiotherapy patients were excluded. Pack-years were computed by multiplying daily cigarette use by smoking years. Current periodontal status was determined using the 2017 World Workshop classification and 2023 EFP criteria. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 27.0 with t-tests, chi-squared tests, and logistic regression, with significance set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 484 participants (242 current smokers and 242 non-smokers) attended the Periodontology Clinic of Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University. While the overall distribution of periodontal diagnoses did not differ significantly (p=0.449), smokers exhibited more rapid progression of periodontitis (Grade C: 40.4% vs 11.5% in non-smokers, p<0.05). Smokers presented with significantly higher plaque index (PI) (p=0.024) and lower bleeding on probing values (p=0.028). Furthermore, longer smoking duration and higher pack-years were strongly associated with periodontitis severity (p=0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that female gender (AOR=2.51; 95% CI: 1.70-3.98, p=0.001) gingival recession (AOR=1.76; 95% CI: 1.05-2.94, p=0.001) were the strongest independent factors associated with smoking status, while each unit increase in PI was associated with 42% lower odds (AOR=0.58; 95% CI: 0.37-0.90, p=0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Smoking was associated with periodontal status and differences in disease severity and grade distribution. Additionally, tobacco exposure accelerated plaque and periodontal problems. These findings underscore the need to cease smoking for periodontal care.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13622882/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smoking prevalence, perceptions and cessation practices among dental hygienists in Japan: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Chika Watanabe, Koji Inagaki, Yukie Watanabe, Mari Niino, Izumi Kanamori, Mieko Kawano, Mayumi Shimokawa, Toshimi Kosaka, Junko Inukai","doi":"10.18332/tid/226401","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/226401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking is a risk factor for oral diseases such as periodontal disease and oral cancer. Dental hygienists play an important role in oral health promotion and smoking cessation support. The aim of this study was to clarify the smoking status, tobacco perceptions, and smoking cessation support among dental hygienists (DHs) in Japan.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 1481 DHs from June to July 2024. The survey items included smoking status, secondhand smoke exposure, Kano test for social nicotine dependence (KTSND) score, and implementation of smoking cessation support by DHs engaged in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Valid responses were obtained from 648 (43.8%) participants; after excluding six men, 642 female DHs (43.3%) remained for analysis. Among them: 575; 10; and 57 were never, current, and former smokers, respectively, with a smoking prevalence of 1.6%. Secondhand smoke exposure was reported by 189 (29.4%) participants. The median KTSND score was 13.0, with 188 participants (29.3%) scoring ≤9 points, thereby meeting the criteria for having a correct perception of smoking. KTSND scores were significantly lower among never smokers (12.0) than among former (15.0) and current smokers (19.0) (both p<0.01). The rate at which smoking cessation support for patients with periodontal disease was implemented by DHs in clinical practice was 51.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study findings suggest that although smoking prevalence among female DHs in Japan is low, misconceptions about tobacco remain prevalent. Enhancing tobacco-related education and training for DHs is essential to strengthen their ability to provide effective smoking cessation support and promote oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13622883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149082044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of vaping relapse based on e-cigarette use measures: A secondary analysis of longitudinal data from the 'Stop Vaping Challenge' cessation application.","authors":"Apsara Ali Nathwani, Anasua Kundu, Robert Schwartz, Michael Chaiton","doi":"10.18332/tid/224436","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/224436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There is a lack of standardized, validated measures for assessing electronic cigarette use, which limits comparability across studies and hinders the development of consistent guidelines. We aimed to evaluate and compare the predictive validity of different e-cigarette use measures in forecasting vaping relapse using a longitudinal dataset from a smartphone cessation app.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a secondary analysis of longitudinal data (2021-2025) from the 'Stop Vaping Challenge' cessation application (Ontario Tobacco Research Unit, University of Toronto; launched in 2021). Eligible participants for this study were adults aged >16 years who reported current e-cigarette use and completed >1 quit challenge lasting for ≥5 minutes with mood and cravings ratings recorded. We assessed five baseline e-cigarette usage indicators (past-month vaping frequency, vaping spending, puffs per session, average e-liquid vaped per week, and pod depletion time) against the primary outcome: duration of abstinence. Kaplan-Meier and Cox-proportional Hazard models were used to measure relapse probability, with AIC and BIC guiding predictor selection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 360 participants, the majority were women (49%), heterosexual (69%), and White (71%). Seventy-eight percent of the challenges (n=364 of 468) relapsed by day 2. Higher past-month vaping frequency (AHR=1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04), taking >9 puffs per session (AHR=1.51; 95% CI: 1.10-1.93) and shorter pod depletion time (AHR=0.96; 95% CI: 0.93-0.99) were associated with relapse in sociodemographic models. However, in the fully adjusted model including all vaping measures and sociodemographic variables, only past-month vaping frequency remained independently associated with relapse (AHR=1.02; 95% CI: 1.00-1.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Past-month vaping frequency was the strongest predictor of future vaping relapse. Other behavioral measures, such as number of puffs per session and pod depletion time, contributed to model fit; their effects were not independent when all vaping measures were included simultaneously in the same model.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13602398/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intergenerational and individual effects of smoking exposure on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Siqi Xie, Lan Liu, Bing Zhang, Jinna Zhang","doi":"10.18332/tid/226690","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/226690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco exposure has been linked to an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in observational studies, yet evidence remains unclear due to confounding factors and reverse effect. This study aimed to explore the potential associations of maternal smoking around birth and age of smoking initiation with NAFLD risk.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genome-wide association data for maternal smoking around birth, age of smoking initiation, and NAFLD were sourced from large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) datasets. Qualified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with the two exposures served as instrumental variables in two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses, which utilized the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, weighted median estimator, and MR-Egger regression to explore their potential associations with NAFLD. Sensitivity analyses confirmed no obvious directional pleiotropy, while significant heterogeneity was detected among included SNPs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genetically predicted maternal smoking significantly elevated NAFLD susceptibility (IVW: OR=1.98; 95% CI: 1.16-3.39), validated by weighted median. No definitive link was found between smoking initiation age and NAFLD. No evidence supported a potential effect of NAFLD on maternal smoking around birth in reverse MR.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study supports a potential association between maternal smoking around birth and NAFLD, while smoking initiation age lacks sufficient genetic evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"24 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13602396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149040697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}