Tobacco Induced Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of vaping, vaping-associated short-term symptoms of respiratory and cardiovascular morbidities, and factors associated with the initiation of vaping among young adults in Kuwait.","authors":"Aisha Altanaib, Arwa Alkhannah, Dhuha Alfouderi, Mariam Almutairi, Rawan Abdullah, Maryam Almuhaileej, Fajer Alqadeeri, Reema Alajmi, Loulwah Alenizi, Ahmad Alsultan, Saeed Akhtar","doi":"10.18332/tid/201441","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/201441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>E-cigarette use or vaping is a public health concern, especially among young adults worldwide. This cross-sectional study aimed to: 1) assess the prevalence of vaping among young adults; 2) assess the prevalence of short-term vaping-associated respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms; and 3) identify factors associated with vaping status among a student population in Kuwait.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In October 2024, a cross-sectional study enrolled students, aged ≥18 years, from various colleges of Kuwait University. Data were collected using a structured e-questionnaire administered through in-person invitations and online platforms. The prevalence (%) of vaping was computed. A multivariable log-binomial regression model was used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the factors significantly associated with vaping status. All the statistical tests were two-tailed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1144 participants, most were females (78.5%), Kuwaiti (85.5%), and aged 18-21 years (70.6%). The prevalence of vaping in our sample was 15.5% (177/1144). After adjusting for the effects of age and monthly family income (in KWD), the factors that were significantly (p<0.05) and independently associated with vaping status were male gender (APR=4.52; 95% CI: 3.28-6.22), being a student at a literary college (APR=1.50; 95% CI: 1.12-2.02), a positive belief that 'vaping is less harmful than cigarette smoking' (APR=1.46; 95% CI: 1.06-2.01), and a 'disbelief that vaping leads to cigarette smoking' (APR=1.80; 95% CI: 1.32-2.45), and 'perception about easy accessibility of vaping products' (APR=3.27; 95% CI: 1.04-10.32).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A moderately high prevalence (15.5%) of vaping in the study sample was recorded. Male gender and some misplaced beliefs and perceptions were significantly associated with vaping status in the study sample. The high prevalences of respiratory symptoms among the participants call for targeted interventions. If instituted, future studies may evaluate the impact of such efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11921432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143664571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is secondhand smoke exposure associated with depressive symptoms among secondary school students in Malaysia? Findings from a national school-based study.","authors":"Kuang Hock Lim, Yoon Ling Cheong, Chee Cheong Kee, Sumarni Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Hazilas Mat Hashim, Ali Aman Marine, Jia Hui Lim, Hui Li Lim","doi":"10.18332/tid/197278","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/197278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Numerous studies have shown that secondhand smoke (SHS) is harmful to human health. Thus, the purpose of this study was to look into the relationship between exposure to SHS and depression among secondary-school students in Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We derived the data from the Malaysian National Health and Morbidity Survey 2017: Adolescents Health Survey (NHMS 2017: AHS). We examined the association between SHS exposure and depression in 24497 secondary school students. Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed that 42% of the students were exposed to SHS during the last seven days. Depression symptoms were associated with SHS exposure (AOR=1.16; 95% CI: 1.07-1.25) after adjusting for possible confounding effects of other independent variables, including age, gender, ethnicity, smoking status of respondents, marital status of parents, physically being bullied, and physical and verbal abuse.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To prevent and control school-going adolescents' exposure to SHS, health education and smoking cessation among those who have close contact with adolescents should be enhanced. In addition, promoting more smoke-free areas, including houses and public places, should be intensified among secondary school students in Malaysia as they transition to adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNA-21 plays a role in exacerbating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by regulating necroptosis and apoptosis in bronchial epithelial cells.","authors":"Zhengpeng Zeng, Xuelian Liu, Fei Xiang, Xue He, Jiahui Li, Hanying Liu, Lihua Xie","doi":"10.18332/tid/202182","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/202182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Bronchial epithelial cell damage is an important determinant of the severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD). However, the exact molecular mechanisms underlying this cell death in COPD development are not well understood. This study investigates the involvement of microRNA-21 (miR-21/miRNA-21) in COPD and its underlying molecular mechanism.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mouse model of COPD was created by exposing the mice to cigarette smoke (CS) and injecting them with cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Both wild-type mice and miR-21 knockout (miR-21-/-) mice were used to investigate the role of microRNA-21 (miR-21) in exacerbating COPD. Various assays and analyses were performed, including HE staining, tunel staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), and western blotting (WB) to measure outcomes such as the pathological morphological changes, necroptosis, apoptosis, and levels of inflammatory factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our results revealed an upregulation of miR-21 in the lung tissue of COPD model mice. Additionally, knockout of miR-21 resulted in decreased levels of bronchial epithelial cell necroptosis and apoptosis, as evidenced by the downregulation of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1), phosphoryl-mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (p-MLKL) and caspase-3. This downregulation of necroptosis and apoptosis ultimately led to a reduction of inflammatory factors and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL- 1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) and high mobility group protein B1(HMGB1) in the lungs, thereby ameliorating COPD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest that miR-21 contributes to the worsening of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by modulating necroptosis and apoptosis in bronchial epithelial cells, providing a new theoretical basis for the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effects of Apelin-13 on nicotine-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress.","authors":"Can Xu, Xinyu Nie, Ru Xu, Luyang Zhou, Dongjin Wang","doi":"10.18332/tid/201400","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/201400","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to explore the role of Apelin-13 in resisting oxidation, inflammation as well as apoptosis and its underlying mechanisms of action using a model of nicotine-induced H9c2 cardiomyocyte injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>H9c2 cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into control, nicotine, nicotine + Apelin-13, and Apelin-13 groups. Cell counting kit-8 assay was conducted to determine the cell viability. Interleukin (IL)-6, superoxide dismutase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), IL-β, catalase (CAT), IL-8, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were examined. A 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay was conducted to measure the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. The morphology of apoptotic cardiomyocytes was observed by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining. Western blotting was employed to measure the protein expressions of apoptotic factors B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X (Bax). Apoptosis was quantified using Annexin V/propidium iodide staining.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure of H9c2 cardiomyocytes to 10 μM nicotine significantly reduced cell viability and increased LDH release, oxidative stress (elevated MDA and ROS levels with decreased superoxide dismutase, GSH-Px, and CAT activities), pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-8), and apoptotic markers (increased Bax with decreased Bcl-2 expression, along with nuclear condensation) (p<0.05). In contrast, treatment with 2 μM Apelin-13 significantly alleviated these deleterious effects, enhancing cell viability, restoring antioxidant enzyme activities, reducing oxidative and inflammatory responses, and inhibiting apoptosis (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nicotine induction increases the oxidative stress and apoptotic capacity of H9c2 cardiomyocytes, but Apelin-13 protects H9c2 cardiomyocytes against nicotine-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydroxycotinine exhibits a stronger association with chronic kidney disease in smokers when compared to cotinine: Evidence from NHANES 2013-2018.","authors":"Shili Zhao, Shijing Zheng, Zhiqiang Liu, Yue Xu, Ning Jia, Cihang Lu, Yaning Wang","doi":"10.18332/tid/201969","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/201969","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking is a recognized risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cotinine and hydroxycotinine are tobacco metabolites that can be used to quantify smoking. This study evaluated their relationship with CKD in smokers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This secondary dataset analysis is based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2013 to 2018. A cross-sectional examination of a subsample of 2930 adult smokers aged ≥20 years was conducted to investigate the relationship between serum cotinine and its metabolite, hydroxycotinine, and CKD. Linear regression, multivariable-adjusted logistic regression, restrictive cubic splines, and subgroup analysis were utilized.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum cotinine and hydroxycotinine levels were significantly elevated in CKD patients compared to the non-CKD population (230.00 vs 212.00 ng/mL, p=0.02 for cotinine; 97.30 vs 74.70 ng/mL, p<0.001 for hydroxycotinine). In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models, cotinine (≥316 ng/mL) showed a positive association solely with renal insufficiency (adjusted odds ratio, AOR=1.53; 95% CI: 1.07-2.17). In contrast, hydroxycotinine (≥124 ng/mL) was independently associated with three CKD indices: CKD diagnosis (AOR=1.61; 95% CI: 1.06-2.43), renal insufficiency (AOR=2.07; 95% CI: 1.33-3.23), and albuminuria (or proteinuria) (AOR=1.61; 95% CI: 1.06-2.43). Restricted cubic spline analyses revealed nonlinear dose-response relationships: hydroxycotinine exhibited broader negative associations with both eGFR and uACR (p<0.001), while cotinine showed threshold-dependent correlations with CKD risk (positive <180 ng/mL, attenuated above). Subgroup analyses further indicated that hydroxycotinine consistently correlated with CKD across demographics (e.g. males, age <60 years, obesity), whereas cotinine's associations were more limited, with no significant interaction effects observed (p for interaction >0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated serum concentrations of cotinine and hydroxycotinine are positively associated with low glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, and CKD in smokers, with hydroxycotinine demonstrating a stronger correlation. Smoking is established as a heightened risk factor for CKD, thus avoidance or reduction of smoking is strongly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11915096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143658733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and predictors of active and passive smoking in Saudi Arabia: A survey among attendees of primary healthcare centers in Riyadh.","authors":"Seema Nasser, Mamdouh M Shubair, Amani Alharthy, Faris Fattani, Badr F Al-Khateeb, Aljohrah I Aldubikhi, Awad Alshahrani, Lubna Alnaim, Saif Iqbal, Fatmah Othman, Ashraf A El-Metwally","doi":"10.18332/tid/202214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/202214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Smoking remains a leading cause of preventable diseases worldwide, including cancer, heart disease, and respiratory disorders. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of smoking has been increasing, particularly among men and adolescents. However, limited research has focused on the prevalence and predictors of active and passive smoking in the region, particularly within the adult population. Understanding the sociodemographic and health-related factors that influence smoking behaviors can inform tobacco control strategies. The aim of the study is to investigate the prevalence and predictors of active and passive smoking among adults attending primary healthcare centers in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between March and July 2023, targeting patients aged ≥18 years who visited primary healthcare centers. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select 48 healthcare centers from an initial list of 103 centers. Participants were recruited from the waiting areas, and a total of 14239 individuals completed an electronic questionnaire. The questionnaire assessed sociodemographic information, smoking behavior, and health conditions. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0 for Windows, with Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify factors associated with active and passive smoking. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of active smoking was 17.3% and passive smoking was 16.5% among the participants. The multivariate logistic regression analysis identified several key predictors for both active and passive smoking. Male gender, larger household size, and lower income were significant factors for active smoking, with individuals in larger households (3-5 members) (AOR=1.48; 95% CI: 1.22-1.79) and those earning between 10000-19000 Saudi Arabian Riyals (AOR=0.56; 95% CI: 0.41-0.75) showing higher odds. Perceived health status also played a role, with those reporting good health (AOR=2.96; 95% CI: 1.68-5.25) having higher odds of smoking. Males were more likely to engage in active smoking compared to females (AOR=2.59; 95% CI: 2.23-3.02). For passive smoking, similar trends were observed, with larger households (AOR=2.27; 95% CI: 1.387-3.721) and male gender (AOR=2.59; 95% CI: 2.23-3.02) being significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights male gender, larger household size, lower income, and better perceived health status as significant predictors for both active and passive smoking behaviors in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. These factors should be prioritized in public health strategies aimed at reducing tobacco exposure and promoting cessation. Further research is needed to explore the broader societal factors contributing to smoking behavior and exposure to secondhand smoke in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tobacco-related lung cancer burden in the Western Pacific Region from 1990 to 2021: An age-period-cohort analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study.","authors":"Rui Wang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Xiaoxi Shan, Jiayang Dong, Xinyue Yang, Jing Zhang, Jie Cao","doi":"10.18332/tid/201970","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/201970","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Lung cancer is a significant health issue in the Western Pacific region, where tobacco use is highly prevalent. This study examines the trends in tobacco-related lung cancer burden from 1990 to 2021, offering insights into the evolution of this critical public health challenge.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study uses data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study to analyze lung cancer rates. It employs an age-period-cohort analysis to explore patterns in mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributed to tobacco-related lung cancer. The study also uses joinpoint regression analysis to pinpoint changes over different periods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analyses revealed a substantial rise in both the number of deaths and DALYs due to tobacco-related lung cancer in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2021. Total deaths increased by 163.42% to 644.5 thousand (95% UI: 517.9-793.8) in 2021, which is 2.6 times the global growth rate of 63.25%. While global ASMR decreased by 25.46%, the Western Pacific Region showed minimal change with a slight increase (AAPC=0.08). SDI analysis revealed an inverse relationship with burden - for example, Singapore's ASMR decreased from 20.4 to 7.0 per 100000 population (high SDI) while China's increased from 23.8 to 25.8 (middle SDI). Age-period-cohort analysis showed the net drift of lung cancer mortality was -0.16% per year. The fastest increase in ASMR occurred between 1998-2004 (APC=1.53%), followed by the steepest decline during 2004-2007 (APC= -1.49%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Western Pacific region continues to face a high burden of tobacco-related lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11905381/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum: Oral symptoms potentially associated with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in tobacco users.","authors":"Hanaa E Alkharobi, Manar M Alzahrani, Shatha Bamashmous, Abdullah Alghamdi","doi":"10.18332/tid/200457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18332/tid/200457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18332/tid/186531.].</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11898621/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of alpha-fetoprotein, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen, and prostate-specific antigen among conventional cigarette smokers, heated tobacco product users and quitters.","authors":"Dae-Hyun Kim, Seung-Wan Hong, Naeun Park","doi":"10.18332/tid/200890","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/200890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The association of Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs) use on cancer-related biomarkers remains unclear. This study aimed to compare the levels of tumor markers, specifically alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), between combustible cigarette (CC) smokers, any HTP users, and quitters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study compared tumor marker levels (AFP, CA 19-9, CEA, PSA) among 750 adult males: 250 CC smokers, 250 any HTP users, and 250 quitters. Data were collected from health screenings (2021-2022). Participants were aged >18 years with at least one year of smoking history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CEA was significantly higher in CC smokers (median: 2.4) than any HTP users (median: 2.0) and quitters (median: 1.6), with any HTP users exceeding quitters. PSA was higher in any HTP users (median: 0.86) than quitters (median: 0.74). No significant differences were observed in AFP and CA 19-9.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HTP users exhibit lower CEA levels compared to conventional cigarette smokers, yet their levels remain higher than those of quitters. Additionally, quitters were found to have lower PSA levels than HTP users. Further research is needed to determine the reasons for these differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global, regional, and national burden of tobacco-related neurological disorders from 1990 to 2021: Trends and future projections.","authors":"Chenyang Zhang, Zhihan An, Jixuan Jiang, Jingyi Ge, Wanqiong Huang, Jialin Pei, Yiyao Liu, Jiayu Yao, Zirui Guo, Xuanxi Liu, Yanhui Cui","doi":"10.18332/tid/201966","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/201966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tobacco use is as a major public health concern around the world, adversely impacting quality of life. Our study aims to analyze the trends in the burden of tobacco-related neurological disorders (ND) at global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2021, as well as potential future trends.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a secondary dataset analysis for the assessment of mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, to explore the burden of tobacco-related ND. We also analyzed the associations between the burden of ND and factors such as age, gender, and the Sociodemographic Index (SDI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2021, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) and age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) for neurological disorders were 0.50 per 100000 persons (95% UI: -0.15-1.98) and 11.25 per 100000 persons (95% UI: 1.36-34.36), respectively. Alzheimer's disease and other dementias (ADOD) had a particularly significant impact on the burden of ND. However, the ASDR for Parkinson's disease was -8.38 per 100000 persons (95% UI: -10.72 - -6.20). The burden of disease was greater in men and older people, with substantial regional variation. While aging and population growth might contribute to the increase in DALYs for tobacco-related ND, epidemiological changes have the potential to reduce the burden. From 2022 to 2050, the BAPC model predicted a decline in the age-standardized rate (ASR) of DALYs and mortality for tobacco-related ND, globally.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Tobacco use increased the burden of ND such as ADOD and multiple sclerosis (MS), while reducing the burden of Parkinson's disease (PD). The burden of disease was disproportionately higher among older individuals and males, with significant disparities across nations and regions. Over the past 32 years, the burden of these diseases has gradually decreased, and this trend is expected to continue from 2022 to 2050.</p>","PeriodicalId":23202,"journal":{"name":"Tobacco Induced Diseases","volume":"23 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11897908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}