The Scientific World Journal最新文献

{"title":"Agronomic Performance and Nutritive Value Evaluation of Desho Grass Varieties Under Supplementary Irrigation in Western Oromia, Ethiopia.","authors":"Fikre Dereba, Zemene Worku, Diriba Geleti","doi":"10.1155/tswj/8834746","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/8834746","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study was conducted to evaluate the agronomic performance, forage yield, and nutritive values of desho grass (Pennisetum glaucifolium) varieties under supplementary irrigation at Dambi Dollo University experimental site, Western Ethiopia. The varieties (Areka/DZF #590, Kindu kosha-1/DZF #591, and Kulumsa/DZF #592) were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The crop water requirements 8.0 model, local climate data, forage data, and soil data were used to determine desho grass water requirements and irrigation schedules. The parameters such as agronomic performance, yield, chemical composition, and in vitro digestibility of the forage samples at 105 days after planting were determined following the standard procedures. The results showed significant differences (p < 0.05) among varieties in most agronomic parameters except plant height and leaf width. The highest dry matter and crude protein yields were recorded from Areka/DZF #590 (12.64 and 1.35 t/ha) followed by Kulumsa/DZF #592 (11.63 and 1.12 t/ha). The chemical composition of varieties differed significantly except for hemicellulose. The in vitro digestibility of Areka/DZF #590 (624.7 g/kg) was significantly higher than Kulumsa/DZF #592 (584.3 g/kg) and Kindu kosha-1/DZF #591 (580.9 g/kg). In conclusion, the Areka (DZF #590) desho grass variety showed superior dry matter yield and good nutritive value under supplementary irrigation conditions. Therefore, this variety is suitable and recommended for use as animal feed in the study area.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e8834746"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13330123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148377030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in East African Agriculture: A Systematic Review of Applications, Adoption, and Implications for Smallholder Farmers.","authors":"Zebenay Shitaye, Manale Andargie Embyale, Tewodros Adane Nega, Getachew Eshetu Gidelew, Marta Mohammed","doi":"10.1155/tswj/5128133","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/5128133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved over several decades and is increasingly recognized as a transformative tool for improving agricultural productivity, resilience, and access to information, particularly in smallholder farming systems such as those in East Africa. This systematic literature review synthesizes existing evidence on the applications, adoption dynamics, implications, and policy considerations of AI in East African agriculture over the period 1985-2025. The study follows PRISMA guidelines and draws on peer-reviewed articles, conference papers, and institutional reports retrieved from major academic databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. A thematic analysis approach was used to organize and interpret the findings. The review shows that early developments in AI-related agricultural technologies were limited and largely experimental, but advancements in digital technologies, mobile connectivity, remote sensing, and data analytics have significantly expanded AI applications in recent years. Key application areas identified include AI-powered advisory services, precision agriculture, crop and pest monitoring, financial and market intelligence, and climate-smart agriculture. These technologies support farmers by enabling real-time, data-driven decision-making, improving resource use efficiency, and enhancing access to agricultural information and markets. Despite these advancements, the adoption of AI among smallholder farmers in East Africa remains relatively low and uneven. The review identifies several factors influencing adoption, including education, digital literacy, access to extension services, infrastructure availability, income levels, and institutional support. Major barriers include limited rural infrastructure, high costs, inadequate digital skills, weak integration with extension systems, and data-related constraints. Although AI offers promising benefits in terms of productivity, information access, and inclusivity, concerns remain regarding digital inequality, affordability, data privacy, and potential exclusion of marginalized groups. From a policy perspective, the study underscores the importance of strengthening digital infrastructure, investing in capacity building, enhancing extension services, and promoting inclusive public-private partnerships to support the effective deployment of AI technologies. Overall, the review concludes that although AI has significant potential to transform East African agriculture, its impact depends on addressing systemic constraints and ensuring that technologies are accessible, affordable, and aligned with the needs of smallholder farmers. The study also identifies research gaps and suggests future directions for advancing AI integration in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5128133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13277772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148272915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Wet Extraction Parameters on Glucomannan Purity and Calcium Oxalate Reduction in Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) Tuber Flour.","authors":"Heny Herawati, Abdullah Bin Arif, Suparlan Suparlan, Feri Kusnandar, Iceu Agustinisari, Sri Widowati, Sintha Suhirman, Misgiyarta Misgiyarta, Muchamad Bachtiar, Hernani Hernani, Atika Hamaisa, Tri Marwati, Fetriyuna Fetriyuna, Fitria Riany Eris, Novitri Hastuti","doi":"10.1155/tswj/9982272","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/9982272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porang tuber is one of the commodities containing high glucomannan, which increases the body's immunity and reduces cholesterol, blood sugar, and body weight. However, porang tubers contain calcium oxalate, which hurts the human body. The study aimed to define the effect of soaking ratio, solvent concentration, and processing time on the purification technique to obtain high-purity flour and determine the best characteristics of porang flour. The porang tubers were extracted using the wet method, which consisted of the immersion ratio of adding sodium metabisulfite (Na₂S₂O₅) and sodium chloride (NaCl) with ethanol solvent at different extraction times. The research resulted in the treatment significantly affecting all observed parameters except fat content in porang glucomannan flour. In addition, the best characteristics were obtained from the treatment of a 1:3 soaking ratio, 96% ethanol concentration, and 120 min of extraction time, which showed a flour whiteness value of 99.38, oxalate of 0.10%, viscosity of 52,758.5 cP, and glucomannan content of 88% on dry basis. Considering the results of all parameters mentioned above, treating a 1:3 soaking ratio, 96% ethanol concentration, and 120 min of extraction time improves the yield and quality of glucomannan flour by decreasing calcium oxalate content by 0.37% from 0.47% to 0.10%. Porang flour with these characteristics is suitable as a thickener or a source of thickening food additives.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e9982272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13129216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RETRACTION: Synthesis, Characterization, and Anticancer Activity of New Quinazoline Derivatives against MCF-7 Cells.","authors":"The Scientific World Journal","doi":"10.1155/tswj/9828625","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/9828625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e9828625"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13238499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148144680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Growth Stage and Environmental Conditions in Root Rot Development and Grain Yield of Spring Wheat in the Almaty Region, Southeast Kazakhstan.","authors":"Vladimir Tsygankov, Alma Kokhmetova, Yerlan Dutbayev, Kanat Bakhytuly, Aidana Kharipzhanova, Madina Kumarbayeva, Zhenis Keishilov, Baktigul Raimbekova, Assiya Kokhmetova, Kanat Mukhametzhanov, Ardak Bolatbekova","doi":"10.1155/tswj/6567136","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/6567136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2024, a study was conducted in the Almaty Region on 16 varieties of spring soft wheat to assess the impact of growth stages, cultivation conditions, and the severity of root rot infection on biometric parameters and crop yield. This study represents the first systematic evaluation of root rot dynamics across multiple growth stages and contrasting agronomic backgrounds in Kazakhstan. It was found that the maximum root rot prevalence (32.65%) and severity (8.78%) were observed during the tillering phase. By the harvesting phase, these indicators decreased, indicating the dynamic nature of pathogenesis. Cultivation conditions had a significant influence: Under natural conditions, disease prevalence was 26.79%, while on an infectious background, it increased to 31.60%. With fungicide application, prevalence decreased to 8.80%. Fungicide treatment proved effective in suppressing infection, though some varieties exhibited stress responses, leading to reduced productivity. The highest grain weight per plant (13.71 g) was recorded under natural conditions, while the lowest (8.31 g) was observed on the infectious background. Analysis of biometric parameters revealed significant differences between varieties in traits such as tillering capacity, stem length, spike length, and spikelet number. These findings provide a practical framework for improving integrated disease management strategies and for breeding wheat varieties adapted to regional agroecological conditions. These results highlight the importance of integrated disease management and genotype selection to sustain wheat productivity under biotic stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6567136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13051844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147609729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban Agriculture Enterprises and Food Security Outcomes in Secondary African Cities: Evidence From Mbarara City, Uganda.","authors":"Nabalegwa Muhamud Wambede, Turyahabwe Remigio, Arinaitwe Justine, Turyabanawe Loy, Mulabbi Andrew","doi":"10.1155/tswj/6930486","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/6930486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban agriculture is increasingly promoted as a strategy for enhancing household food security in African cities, yet empirical evidence from rapidly growing secondary cities remains limited, particularly regarding how different urban agricultural enterprises contribute to food access. This study examines the role of urban agriculture in shaping household food security in Mbarara City, Uganda, by comparing outcomes across arable, poultry, livestock and mixed farming enterprises. Using a cross-sectional survey of 310 urban farming households, food security was assessed using the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS), and differences across enterprise types were analysed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. The results indicate variation in food security outcomes across enterprise types. Households engaged in arable farming were more likely to be food-secure than those relying primarily on poultry or livestock enterprises, whereas mixed-enterprise households were associated with more stable food security outcomes, suggesting that diversification may buffer households against production- and market-related risks. These differences reflect variations in land requirements, input costs and compatibility with dense urban environments. Overall, the study demonstrates that urban agriculture is associated with differing food security outcomes across enterprise types. By focusing on a secondary city context, the findings provide empirical evidence for debates on urban food systems and highlight the importance of enterprise selection and diversification in urban food planning amid rapid urbanisation and land constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6930486"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13260864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148227811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Mechanical Footprint of Dual Rinse 1-Hydroxyethane 1,1-Diphosphonate on Fast-Set Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Microhardness and Dislocation Resistance.","authors":"Sahar Akbari Iraj, Anahita Kaboli, Noushin Shokouhinejad","doi":"10.1155/tswj/5210867","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/5210867","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study evaluated the effects of various root canal irrigation protocols on the surface microhardness and push-out bond strength of a fast-set hydraulic calcium silicate-based cement at two different stages of hydration.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Standardized 3-mm-thick root slices with uniform lumens were filled with RetroMTA (BioMTA, Seoul, Korea). The slices were randomly assigned to two setting intervals (1 or 14 days), after which their upper surfaces were irrigated using one of several protocols, including 2% NaOCl, 5.25% NaOCl, Dual Rinse HEDP mixed with either 2% or 5.25% NaOCl, 2% or 5.25% NaOCl followed by EDTA, or normal saline (as a control). The dislocation resistance of RetroMTA was then measured using the push-out bond strength test. For surface microhardness assessment, RetroMTA-filled polymethyl methacrylate molds were exposed to the same irrigation protocols, and their surface microhardness was measured using the Vickers microhardness test. The data were analyzed using one-way and three-way ANOVA tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One-way ANOVA showed that neither the 1-day nor the 14-day RetroMTA groups differed significantly from the control group in push-out bond strength or surface microhardness (p > 0.05). Three-way ANOVA demonstrated that no two-way or three-way interaction effects were statistically significant. Moreover, NaOCl concentration, chelator type, and the time interval between RetroMTA placement and irrigation had no significant effects on push-out bond strength or surface microhardness (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Under the limitations of this experimental study, no significant differences were detected among the effects of Dual Rinse HEDP mixed with either 2% or 5.25% NaOCl, NaOCl alone, or NaOCl followed by 17% EDTA on the push-out bond strength or surface microhardness of 1-day and 14-day RetroMTA samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5210867"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13058439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147634010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antenatal Ultrasound Utilization and Associated Factors Among Postpartum Women in Durame Town Public Health Institutions, Central Ethiopia: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Abdulaziz Assefa, Aynalem Belay, Mulugeta Animaw, Mangistu Abera, Fikremariam Endeshaw, Seid Jemal, Ayele Sahile Abdo, Aberash Beyene Derribow, Yohannes Fikadu Geda","doi":"10.1155/tswj/5637805","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/5637805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antenatal ultrasound scanning is a fundamental component of antenatal care across the globe. It is of significant public health importance because it enables early detection of fetal abnormalities, monitors fetal growth and maternal health, informs timely medical interventions, and supports strategies to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. Despite its clinical importance, there are limited studies on the use of antenatal ultrasound in developing countries, including Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study is aimed at assessing the antenatal ultrasound utilization and associated factors among postpartum mothers in Durame Town public health institutions, Central Ethiopia, 2025.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 379 postpartum mothers attending postpartum care from September 10 to November 10, 2025, in Durame Town public health institutions. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected using structured and pretested questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS Version 26. Factors associated with antenatal ultrasound utilization among postpartum mothers were assessed using binary logistic regressions. The strength of the association of dependent and independent variables was presented as crude and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) at a 95% confidence interval. The level of significance was declared at a p value of less than 0.05 in multivariable logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the present study, the proportion of antenatal ultrasound utilization was 249 (65.7%) (95% CI: 60.9-70.5); 46.2% of mothers had early antenatal ultrasound utilization, done before they were 24 weeks. Factors associated with antenatal ultrasound utilization were living in urban residence (AOR = 3.25; 95% CI: 1.55-5.65), previous delivery with a congenital malformation (AOR = 2.906; 95% CI: 1.222-6.91), and mothers' knowledge on antenatal ultrasound utilization (AOR = 3.132; 95% CI: 1.425-6.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusion and recommendation: </strong>Based on the present study, the proportion of antenatal ultrasound utilization was lower than the WHO and FIGO recommendations. Significant factors of antenatal ultrasound utilization were residence, women's knowledge, and congenital malformation. Therefore, healthcare providers better to enhance awareness and education among pregnant women regarding the benefits of antenatal ultrasound services, whereas policymakers and health facility administrators better to improve service accessibility and availability to increase antenatal ultrasound utilization, especially in rural and underserved areas, and pay special attention to mothers with prior adverse pregnancy outcomes or congenital malformations.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e5637805"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13438867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Signs and Hematological and Biochemical Alterations in Salmonella-Plasmodium Sequentially Coinfected Albino Wistar Rats.","authors":"Omer Bébé Ngouateu, Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo, Paul Keilah Lunga, Ulrich Kévin Kento Temfack, Léon Daniel Kede Kede, Albert Donatien Atsamo, Marius Jaures Tsakem Nangap, Paul Désiré Dzeufiet Djomeni, Blaise Dondji, Pierre Kamtchouing","doi":"10.1155/tswj/6174005","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/6174005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In endemic countries, people remain at risk of contracting both malaria and typhoid concurrently. Though experimental animal models are very reliable for understanding human diseases, the rat model for Plasmodium-Salmonella coinfection remains underresearched.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present study was performed to characterize the rat model of malaria-typhoid coinfection focusing on physical, hematological, and biochemical parameters.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-four Wistar rats were distributed into five groups including normal control, immunosuppressed, Salmonella-infected, Plasmodium-infected, and Salmonella-Plasmodium-coinfected. Physical signs, mobility, and the fecal appearance of animals were observed. Plasmodium load was monitored through microscopic Giemsa-staining thin blood smears. Concurrently, Salmonella load was evaluated after feces culture in Shigella-Salmonella agar medium based on the McFarland turbidity to determine the number of colony-forming units. Hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed using an automatic hematology analyzer and a spectrophotometer, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All the infected animals exhibited at least one clinical sign including piloerection, eye depigmentation, or hyperthermia. Coinfected animals showed severe anemia, leukocytosis, and thrombocytosis compared with monoinfected animals. A significant (p < 0.001) drop in total blood proteins and cholesterol levels was observed in infected rats, with a remarkable decrease in Salmonella-Plasmodium-coinfected rats, whereas transaminase levels significantly (p < 0.001) increased in the same coinfected group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This model provides many important features of Salmonella and Plasmodium sequential coinfection and therefore may be used as a tool to better understand, diagnose, and care for human malaria and/or typhoid pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6174005"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13402856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Extended Pareto Distribution: Statistical Properties, Estimation, and Applications.","authors":"Merga Abdissa Aga","doi":"10.1155/tswj/6572559","DOIUrl":"10.1155/tswj/6572559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Pareto distribution is a fundamental model for heavy-tailed data, but its rigid structure often fails to capture the diverse tail behaviors and hazard rate patterns observed in real-world applications. To address this limitation, we propose a new extended Pareto (EP) distribution, obtained by applying the modified Fréchet generator to the classical Pareto baseline. This novel construction introduces an additional shape parameter that enhances tail flexibility and accommodates a wide range of hazard rate shapes, including decreasing, increasing, bathtub, and upside-down bathtub forms. We derive several key distributional properties, including the probability density and cumulative distribution functions, quantile function, and moments. Parameter estimation is carried out using the method of maximum likelihood, and the asymptotic properties of the estimators are established. Monte Carlo simulations confirm the consistency and efficiency of the estimators. The practical utility of the EP model is demonstrated through applications to diverse real datasets, where it consistently outperforms classical Pareto and other Pareto-type competitors based on likelihood-based criteria and goodness-of-fit tests. The proposed distribution provides a powerful new tool for modeling heavy-tailed phenomena in economics, finance, reliability, hydrology, and environmental sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":22985,"journal":{"name":"The Scientific World Journal","volume":"2026 1","pages":"e6572559"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13420363/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148621506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}