Progress in Photovoltaics最新文献

{"title":"Design for the environment: SHJ module with ultra-low carbon footprint","authors":"Timea Béjat,&nbsp;Nouha Gazbour,&nbsp;Amandine Boulanger,&nbsp;Rémi Monna,&nbsp;Renaud Varache,&nbsp;Jérôme François,&nbsp;Wilfried Favre,&nbsp;Charles Roux,&nbsp;Aude Derrier,&nbsp;Eszter Voroshazi","doi":"10.1002/pip.3803","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3803","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The photovoltaic (PV) industry is reaching an inflection point to become a major source of energy. Last decades brought important technical progression in modules' yield and durability. Already available technical solutions might reach the highest power output and the lowest environmental impact in a module. Nevertheless, cost remains the major driver for innovation; top PV panels must combine cost/delay/yield to reach reasonable market share. Our paper presents the development of silicon heterojunction (SHJ) modules with exemplary power and reliability with significantly reduced environmental impact and components sourced from Europe. In order to guide the technology choice in the design phase, we performed a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) sensitivity study. For a standard PV module, we identify the main steps to improve in order to reduce its environmental footprint. This guided us to tackle the components with the highest impact on the carbon footprint, namely the wafer, glass front sheet and aluminium frame. The proposed improvements will be tested from technical and economic point of view and assembled within one PV module. At the cell scale, we achieved the reduction of the carbon footprint by reducing the thickness of the wafers issued from the European value chain. Optimisation of metallisation and cell interconnection has limited the consumption of silver (Ag), a critical raw metal. At the module level, we implemented the reduction of glass thickness and the replacement of the aluminium frame with a natural fibre-based frame in a glass-backsheet module configuration. In addition, we applied a ‘design for recycling’ approach for the choice of encapsulant and backsheet. The combination of these innovations led us to the realisation of a 566-Wp recyclable module using a tiling interconnection, cells with an average efficiency of 22.57% with a carbon footprint of 313 kgCO₂eq/kWp.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"33 1","pages":"184-199"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pip.3803","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental fatigue crack growth of PV glass/EVA laminates in the melting range","authors":"Gabriel Riedl,&nbsp;Philipp Haselsteiner,&nbsp;Gary Säckl,&nbsp;Gernot M. Wallner","doi":"10.1002/pip.3800","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3800","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The delamination of encapsulants in photovoltaic (PV) modules is a common issue that leads to power loss due to optical losses. Encapsulant debonding is usually examined under monotonic loading conditions subsequent to environmental exposure such as damp heat. Service-relevant, superimposed environmental-mechanical fatigue loads are not considered adequately. Hence, the environmental fatigue delamination resistance of thermally toughened double glass laminates with an ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) adhesive layer was investigated in this study. Focus was given to the melting range of EVA, in which the non-crosslinked crystalline phase fraction is already in the partly molten state. Double cantilever beam specimens were tested on an electrodynamic test machine at temperatures of 60, 70, 80, and 90°C and relative humidity (rh) levels of 2%, 30%, 50%, and 80%. The fractured surfaces were characterized by digital microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The cyclic fatigue tests revealed a decay in delamination resistance at elevated temperature and humidity levels. At 70°C, the delamination resistance was low, regardless of the relative humidity. Most of the laminates failed by debonding. XPS analysis showed a reduction of the C=O and C–O content, along with an increase in Si–O content with increasing relative humidity. For laminates tested at 60 and 70°C, an EVA recrystallization peak was observed in DSC experiments. This peak was shifted to significantly higher temperatures at 80% rh. XPS and DSC indicated local hydrolysis within the porous fracture process zone ahead of the crack tip. Consequently, acetic acid formation led to a decrease in delamination resistance, resulting in lower fatigue threshold values. The investigations confirmed the significant impact of environmental conditions on the fatigue delamination resistance within glass/encapsulant laminates. Notably, acetic acid formation and a significant reduction in delamination properties were observed after around 100 h of environmental fatigue exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"32 9","pages":"623-635"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pip.3800","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical design and bandgap engineering in ultrathin multiple quantum well solar cell featuring photonic nanocavity","authors":"Hosni Meddeb,&nbsp;Kai Gehrke,&nbsp;Martin Vehse","doi":"10.1002/pip.3802","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3802","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ultrathin solar cells are efficient and captivating devices with unique technological and scientific features in terms of minimal material consumption, fast fabrication processes, and good compatibility with semi-transparent applications. Such photovoltaic (PV) technologies can enable effective synergy between optical and electronic confinements with large tuning capabilities of all the optoelectronic characteristics. In this work, the implications of the optical design and the bandgap engineering in ultrathin hydrogenated amorphous Si/Ge multiple quantum well (MQW) solar cells featuring photonic nanocavity are analyzed based on experimental measurements and optoelectronic modelling. By changing the period thicknesses and the positions of QWs inside the deep-subwavelength nanophotonic resonator, the spatial and spectral distributions of the optical field and the local absorption are strongly affected. This leads to a modulation of the absorption resonance condition, the absorption edge and the resulting photocurrent outputs. Because of quantum confinement effect, the change of MQW configurations with different individual QW periods while keeping similar total thickness of about 20 nm alters both the bandgap energy and the band offset at the QW/barrier heterojunctions. This in turn controls the photovoltage as well as the carrier collection efficiency in solar cells. The highest open circuit voltage and fill factor values are achieved by employing MQW device configuration with 2.5 nm-thin QWs. A record efficiency above 5.5% is reached for such emerging ultrathin Si/Ge MQW solar cell technology using thinner QWs with sufficient number, because of the optimum trade-off between all the optoelectronic characteristic outputs. The presented design rules for opaque ultrathin solar cells with quantum-confined nanostructures integrated in a photonic nanocavity can be generalized for the engineering of relevant multifunctional semitransparent PV devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"33 1","pages":"170-183"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pip.3802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140590826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silver-lean metallization and hybrid contacts via plating on screen-printed metal for silicon solar cells manufacturing","authors":"Yuan-Chih Chang,&nbsp;Yuchao Zhang,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Sisi Wang,&nbsp;Haoran Wang,&nbsp;Chien-Yu Huang,&nbsp;Ran Chen,&nbsp;Catherine Chan,&nbsp;Brett Hallam","doi":"10.1002/pip.3799","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3799","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As PV manufacturing heads towards the multi-TW scale, it is required to carefully evaluate a wide range of concepts including not only efficiency and cost but also material consumption to ensure sustainable manufacturing of PV technologies. The rapid growth of PV could significantly increase the demand for several materials required in solar cells such as silver, aluminium, copper and even silicon, thereby causing dramatic price fluctuations. Furthermore, the PV manufacturing capacity would be at risk of being limited by the supply of some scarce metals, e.g. with current industrial implementations – screen printing (SP) metallization, the capacities of PERC and TOPCon could be capped at 377 GW and 227 GW with 20% of global silver supply available to the PV industry. In addition, PV systems have ~25–30 years lifespan to ensure low LCOE and emissions. Recycling alone will not provide an immediate solution to overcome the limitation of material consumption in the exponentially growing PV market. It is expected that the Ag usage needs to be reduced to no more than 5 mg/W or even 2 mg/W for all solar cell technologies to allow a multi-TW manufacturing scale without depleting the global silver supply. Therefore, further advancements in metallization technologies are critically and urgently required to significantly reduce the silver consumption of current screen-printed contacts in industrial silicon solar cells. This paper firstly presents a roadmap towards the 5 mg/W and 2 mg/W silver consumption targets with various metallization technologies and screen-printing designs. Subsequently, a hybrid plating on screen-printed metallization design was proposed to improve the performance and reduce the silver consumption of screen-printed contacts. The experimental results have demonstrated up to 1.08%_abs improvements in fill factor and 0.3%_abs gains in cell efficiency. In addition, up to 40%_rel reductions in finger silver consumption have been achieved without any sacrifices in the electrical conductivity of such hybrid screen-printed and plated fingers. This work proposes not only a roadmap but also a promising approach to significantly reduce the Ag demand and benefit sustainable production of industrial screen-printed silicon solar cells in the TW era.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"33 1","pages":"158-169"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pip.3799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140202935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of solar PV in net-zero growth: An analysis of international manufacturers and policies","authors":"Arcipowska Aleksandra,&nbsp;Blanco Perez Sara,&nbsp;Jakimów Małgorzata,&nbsp;Baldassarre Brian,&nbsp;Polverini Davide,&nbsp;Cabrera Miguel","doi":"10.1002/pip.3797","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3797","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In May 2022, the European Commission adopted a new European Union (EU) Solar Energy Strategy [1] aiming to ensure that solar energy achieves its full potential in helping to meet the European Green Deal's climate and energy targets. A goal of the strategy is to reach nearly 600 GW of installed solar photovoltaics (PV) capacity by 2030. While Europe is a pioneer in the definition of new policy requirements to ensure the circularity and sustainability of PV products, its manufacturing capabilities are limited. The EU mostly imports PV modules from China, which for the last decade has remained the global leader in PV manufacturing across the supply chain. This article aims to provide insight into the solar PV industry and the surrounding policy context, focusing on the manufacturing phase and its climate impact. It provides a comparative overview of the key players in the European and Chinese PV markets with an overview of the whole supply chain (i.e. production of polysilicon, cells, wafers and modules). Having in mind the net-zero commitments across the globe, and a central role of the solar PV in the energy transition, the demand for PV products is expected to grow exponentially in the next decades. With this in mind, the authors look into environmental impacts from the PV manufacturing. A simplified analysis concludes on the suitability of the PV manufacturing process today and indicates the opportunities for the net-zero transition in the future. While the focus is on the carbon impacts of the solar PV industry, the authors also identify other relevant aspects (such as circularity), laying the ground for a future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"32 9","pages":"607-622"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pip.3797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140203020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photovoltaics literature survey (No. 190)","authors":"Ziv Hameiri","doi":"10.1002/pip.3795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3795","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Hu F, Mou S, Wei S, et al &lt;b&gt;Research on the evolution of China's photovoltaic technology innovation network from the perspective of patents.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Energy Strategy Reviews&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;51&lt;/b&gt;: 101309.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;De Keersmaecker M, Tirado J, Armstrong NR, et al &lt;b&gt;Defect quantification in metal halide perovskites anticipates photoluminescence and photovoltaic performance.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Acs Energy Letters&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;9&lt;/b&gt;(1): 243–252.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Wang S, Wang C, Ge Y, et al &lt;b&gt;In-depth analysis of photovoltaic module parameter estimation.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Energy&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;291&lt;/b&gt;: 130345.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cao Y, Pang D, Zhao Q, et al &lt;b&gt;Improved YOLOv8-GD deep learning model for defect detection in electroluminescence images of solar photovoltaic modules.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;131&lt;/b&gt;: 107866.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Musiienko A, Yang FJ, Gries TW, et al &lt;b&gt;Resolving electron and hole transport properties in semiconductor materials by constant light-induced magneto transport.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Nature Communications&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;15&lt;/b&gt;(1): 316.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Qin Y, Yonemoto A, Gotoh K, et al &lt;b&gt;Potential-induced degradation phenomena in single-encapsulation crystalline Si photovoltaic modules.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Japanese Journal of Applied Physics&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;63&lt;/b&gt;(2): 02SP11.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chen W, Liu W, Yu Y, et al &lt;b&gt;Study on selective emitter fabrication through an innovative pre-diffusion process for enhanced efficiency in TOPCon solar cells.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Progress in Photovoltaics: Research and Applications&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;32&lt;/b&gt;(3): 199–211.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Chen S, Shi J, Yao Y, et al &lt;b&gt;Enhancement of short-circuit current density in silicon heterojunction solar cells by hydrogenated multiple-doped In&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;2&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;O&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;3&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;b&gt;thin films.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;267&lt;/b&gt;: 112727.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Hossain MJ, Sun M, Davis KO. &lt;b&gt;Photon management in silicon photovoltaic cells: A critical review.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;267&lt;/b&gt;: 112715.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Li Y, Shi B, Xu Q, et al &lt;b&gt;CsCl induced efficient fully-textured perovskite/crystalline silicon tandem solar cell.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Nano Energy&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;122&lt;/b&gt;: 109285.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Ravidas BK, Das A, Agnihotri SK, et al &lt;b&gt;Design principles of crystalline silicon/CsGeI&lt;/b&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;b&gt;3&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; &lt;b&gt;perovskite tandem solar cells using a combination of density functional theory and SCAPS-1D frameworks.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;267&lt;/b&gt;: 112688.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Du B, Ma MY, Zhang PP, et al &lt;b&gt;High-performance all-small-molecule organic solar cells fabricated via halogen-free preparation process.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Acs Applied Materials and Interfaces&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;16&lt;/b&gt;(2): 2564–2,572.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Fan B, Gao H, Jen AK. &lt;b&gt;Biaxially conjugated materials for organic solar cells.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Acs Nano&lt;/i&gt; 2024; &lt;b&gt;18&lt;/b&gt;(1): 136–154.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Kim JH, Park B, Song S, et al &lt;b&gt;Stretchable and transparent nanopillar arrays for high-performance ultra-flexible organic photovoltaics.&lt;/b&gt; &lt;i&gt;Applied Physic","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"32 4","pages":"276-279"},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pip.3795","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140104467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical limiting-efficiency assessment on advanced crystalline silicon solar cells with Auger ideality factor and wafer thickness modifications","authors":"Qiao Su,&nbsp;Hao Lin,&nbsp;Genshun Wang,&nbsp;Hanbo Tang,&nbsp;Chaowei Xue,&nbsp;Zhenguo Li,&nbsp;Xixiang Xu,&nbsp;Pingqi Gao","doi":"10.1002/pip.3790","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3790","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the improvement of surface passivation, bulk recombination is becoming an indispensable and decisive factor to assess the theoretical limiting efficiency (\u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>η</mi>\u0000 <mi>lim</mi>\u0000 </msub></math>) of crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells. In simultaneous consideration of surface and bulk recombination, a modified model of \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>η</mi>\u0000 <mi>lim</mi>\u0000 </msub></math> evaluation is developed. Surface recombination is directly depicted with contact selectivity while bulk recombination is revised on the aspects of ideality factor and wafer thickness. The \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>η</mi>\u0000 <mi>lim</mi>\u0000 </msub></math> of the double-side silicon heterojunction (SHJ) and double-side tunneling-oxide passivating contact (TOPCon) solar cells are numerically simulated using the new model as 28.99% and 29.19%, respectively. However, the \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>η</mi>\u0000 <mi>lim</mi>\u0000 </msub></math> of single-side TOPCon solar cells, the more practicable scenario, is only 27.79%. Besides, the \u0000<span></span><math>\u0000 <msub>\u0000 <mi>η</mi>\u0000 <mi>lim</mi>\u0000 </msub></math> of the double-side SHJ solar cells would exceed the double-side TOPCon solar cells if the recombination parameter of the non-contacted area is higher than 0.6 fA/cm², instead of perfect passivation. Our results are instructive in accurately assessing efficiency potential and accordingly optimizing design strategies of c-Si solar cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"32 9","pages":"587-598"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140045737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-area MoOx/c-Si heterojunction solar cells with a ICO/Ag back reflector","authors":"Xu Wang,&nbsp;Bowen Ding,&nbsp;Yurong Zhou,&nbsp;Dongming Zhao,&nbsp;Fanying Meng,&nbsp;Hui Yan,&nbsp;Rui Life,&nbsp;Haiwei Huang,&nbsp;Zhidan Hao,&nbsp;Yuqin Zhou,&nbsp;Fengzhen Liu","doi":"10.1002/pip.3796","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3796","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Compound/silicon heterojunction (SCH) solar cells have been widely studied because of the low parasitic absorption of the window layer, high short-circuit current, and simple preparation process. So far, most reported SCH solar cells are small-area devices. By depositing MoO_x hole transport layer using hot-wire oxidation–sublimation deposition technique and employing a front-contact back-junction cell architecture, the large-area SCH solar cells are successfully fabricated on M6 (166 mm) n-type silicon wafers. Indium cerium oxide (ICO) film with the optimal thickness of about 110 nm is inserted between MoO_x and Ag. The ICO/Ag stack functions well as a back reflector and is beneficial for increasing the short-circuit current density, reducing the contact resistance, and improving the device stability. A power conversion efficiency of 21.59% is achieved on the champion SCH solar cell with the device area of 274.15 cm².</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"32 9","pages":"599-606"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140045746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Realizing SnF2-TMAB passivated lead-free formamidinum perovskite solar cells with doctor-bladed carbon electrode","authors":"Debesh Devadutta Mishra,&nbsp;Pranati Kumari Rath,&nbsp;Natarajan Thirugnanam,&nbsp;Tao Shen,&nbsp;Zihe Chen,&nbsp;Zexian Zhang,&nbsp;Xinghang Liu,&nbsp;Jinhua Li,&nbsp;Xianbao Wang,&nbsp;Cher Ming Tan","doi":"10.1002/pip.3794","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3794","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The suitable band gap with outstanding optoelectronic characteristics makes Sn-based perovskites one of the promising candidates for the preparation of efficient lead-free perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, preparing Sn²⁺-based PSCs is very difficult due to the ready oxidation of Sn²⁺ to Sn⁴⁺ when exposed to air. In this work, by incorporating the trimethylamine borane complex (TMAB) as an antioxidant additive into the perovskite precursor solution along with excess SnF₂, we report the fabrication of air-stable FASnI₃-based solar cells. The complex formed by TMAB-SNF₂ (additive layer) enables in-situ encapsulation of perovskite grains. This layer considerably improves the oxidation stability of the perovskite layer by eliminating oxygen vacancies from the NiO hole transport. The resulting PSCs can maintain more than 70% of the efficiency over 45 and 75 hours respectively in air and N₂ exposure without encapsulation. This can be regarded as a genuinely enhanced attribute, particularly considering the use of carbon in one of the electrodes in FASnI₃ perovskites. The findings suggest an alternative approach to provide effective and sustainable Sn-based PSCs in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"32 8","pages":"569-578"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139987747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence of hot carrier extraction in metal halide perovskite solar cells","authors":"Shashi Sourabh,&nbsp;Hadi Afshari,&nbsp;Vincent R. Whiteside,&nbsp;Giles E. Eperon,&nbsp;Rebecca A. Scheidt,&nbsp;Tielyr D. Creason,&nbsp;Madalina Furis,&nbsp;Ahmad R. Kirmani,&nbsp;Bayram Saparov,&nbsp;Joseph M. Luther,&nbsp;Matthew C. Beard,&nbsp;Ian R. Sellers","doi":"10.1002/pip.3777","DOIUrl":"10.1002/pip.3777","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The presence of hot carriers is presented in the operational properties of an (FA,Cs)Pb(I, Br, Cl)₃ solar cell at ambient temperatures and under practical solar concentration. Albeit, in a device architecture that is not suitably designed as a functional hot carrier solar cell. At 100 K, clear evidence of hot carriers is observed in both the high energy tail of the photoluminescence spectra and from the appearance of a nonequilibrium photocurrent at higher fluence in light <i>J–V</i> measurements. At room temperature, however, the presence of hot carriers in the emission at elevated laser fluence is shown to compete with a gradual red shift in the PL peak energy as photoinduced halide segregation begins to occur at higher lattice temperature. The effects of thermionic emission of hot carriers and the presence of a nonequilibrium carrier distribution are also shown to be distinct from simple lattice heating. This results in large unsaturated photocurrents at high powers as the Fermi distribution exceeds that of the heterointerface controlling carrier transport and rectification.</p>","PeriodicalId":223,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Photovoltaics","volume":"32 8","pages":"546-555"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139946076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}