Tanaffos最新文献

{"title":"Observational Examination of Cerebral Perfusion Changes in Patients Diagnosed with Sepsis Using Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography.","authors":"Payam Rahimi, Remzi Işçimen, Pınar Küçükdemirci Kaya, Tutku Karaman Sağlam","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sepsis-associated Brain Dysfunction (SABD) affects over 70% of septic patients, often manifesting early and increasing the risk of neurological sequelae if undiagnosed. Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography is a noninvasive, bedside method to assess Cerebral Blood Flow (CBF). This study evaluates temporal changes in middle cerebral artery blood flow in septic patients using Pulsatility Index (PI), Resistance Index (RI), and CBFi at 0, 6, 24, and 48 hours.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-seven septic patients admitted to the Bursa Uludag University Intensive Care Unit were prospectively studied. Demographic data, comorbidities, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II scores, vital signs, laboratory parameters, and TCD measurements (PI, RI, CBFi) were recorded at baseline, 6, 24, and 48 hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant changes were observed in PI, RI, or CBFi at 6, 24, or 48 hours compared to baseline (p>0.05), though slight increases in PI (2.13%) and CBFi (16.99%) were noted at 48 hours. A significant difference in PI was found at 48 hours in patients receiving vasoactive drugs (p<0.05), and in RI at 6 hours in those receiving sedoanalgesics (p<0.05). Stable systemic hemodynamics were maintained using advanced monitoring.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In septic patients with optimized hemodynamic management, cerebrovascular resistance and perfusion indices (PI, RI, CBFi) remain largely stable within 48 hours, suggesting effective autoregulation. TCD shows potential as a tool to monitor cerebral perfusion and guide therapy in sepsis, warranting further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"187-193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Biofilm Formation, Alginate Production, Pattern of Drug Resistance, and the Presence of Efflux Pump <i>MexAB-OprM, MexXY</i> (-OprA), and <i>AmpC</i> Gene in Clinical Isolates of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>.","authors":"Saeid Besharati, Mohammad Rahbar, Neda Soleimani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One of the most significant factors contributing to multidrug resistance in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> infections is the formation of biofilms and the production of alginate. This study aimed to evaluate the overexpression of efflux pumps <i>MexAB-OprM, MexXY</i> (-OprA), and the <i>AmpC</i> gene and investigate biofilm and alginate in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> clinical isolates.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>One-hundred isolates of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> were collected two government-specialized hospitals from February 2024 to June 2024 in Tehran, Iran. The disk diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility and detecting the pattern of antibiotics. We used a microtiter plate and carbazole assay to investigate biofilm formation and alginate production, respectively. We investigated the efflux pump <i>MexAB-OprM, MexXY</i> (-OprA), and the <i>AmpC</i> gene expression with real-time PCR and its correlation with biofilm, alginate, and antibiotic resistance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>30 multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates were detected, and 27 antibiotic patterns were obtained. A significant relationship between biofilm formation and resistance to PRL was observed (P<0.01). All of the samples with more than 250μg/ml level of alginate production were resistant to Piperacillin-Tazobactam (PTZ), which was significant (P<0.05). Also, the relationship between alginate production and strong biofilm formation was significant. The expression of resistance-nodulation-division (RND) efflux pumps <i>MexABOprM, MexXY</i> (-OprA), and <i>AmpC</i> gene in MDR isolates of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was significantly increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High prevalence of MDR, along with high expression of efflux pump genes, was concerning. High production of biofilm formation and its relationship with alginate were observed in <i>P. aeruginosa</i> clinical isolates. To prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance, implementing monitoring methods and not overusing and abusing antibiotics is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"163-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introducing Critical Genes Related to X-ray Radiation in Human Bronchial Epithelial BEAS-2B Cells.","authors":"Mitra Rezaei, Farideh Razi, Alireza Ahmadzadeh, Fatemeh Bandarian, Babak Arjmand, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>X-ray radiation application in radiology is a challenging subject for patients. Understanding the molecular events triggered by X-ray radiation can provide a suitable protocol for maintaining patient health. The primary aim of this study is to explore crucial affected genes in this regard.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Extraction and validation of data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database is the first step in identifying significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Analysis of gene expression profiles of human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells through a directed protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was used to identify the key targeted genes affected by X-ray radiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of the analyzed directed PPI networks, based on expression, activation, inhibition, and reaction actions, and considering outdegree values, showed that IL1B, CCND1, RAC2, NDC80, and MIB1 are the crucial genes targeted by X-ray.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, upregulation of IL1B, RAC2, and CCND1, which are associated with cellular damages and downregulation of NDC80 and MIB1, which protect the treated cells, were pointed out as the major molecular events in response to X-ray radiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bronchoscopy Procedures Implemented During the Pandemic Period in a University Hospital.","authors":"Fatih Uzer, Eminenur Topcu, Omer Ozbudak, Aykut Cilli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our objective was to review the bronchoscopy procedures conducted at our hospital during the pandemic, with a focus on the potential risks of COVID-19 transmission associated with these interventions.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This comprehensive study included all patients who underwent bronchoscopy in the Department of Pulmonology at Akdeniz University from March 15 to December 31, 2020. A retrospective review of medical records covered demographic information, procedure indications, urgency, procedure type, diagnostic results, and the patient's COVID-19 history. Data collection also recorded the number of personnel involved in bronchoscopy during the pandemic, along with their COVID-19 history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 250 bronchoscopy procedures were performed during the study period. The majority of patients were male (74.8%), with a mean age of 58 ± 13.5 years. The most common indication for bronchoscopy was lung cancer (39.2%), followed by other causes like interstitial lung diseases and sarcoidosis. No patients with a positive pre-procedural COVID-19 PCR test were included in the procedure. All patients who underwent the procedure had a negative PCR test result. No post-procedural COVID-19 cases were observed among healthcare workers or patients following the procedures. All procedures were conducted with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), and SARSCoV-2 RT-PCR testing was performed on 76.8% of patients before the procedure. No complications, other than minor hemorrhages, were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bronchoscopy performed with appropriate PPE, in a negative pressure room, and with pre-procedural SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR testing, is a safe and effective diagnostic and therapeutic procedure during the COVID-19 pandemic. The safety protocols implemented in this study successfully minimized the risk of COVID-19 transmission to healthcare workers and patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"136-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147780904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Silica Returns-Erasmus Syndrome, a Rare Entity.","authors":"Parvathi B L, Aneesa Shahul, Shahir Asfahan, Naveen Dutt, Ramniwas Jalandra","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Systemic sclerosis (SS) is an autoimmune disease with vascular changes and diffuse tissue fibrosis. Silica exposure is one of the strongest recognized risk factors for the development of systemic sclerosis (relative risk 3.2). The co-occurrence of systemic sclerosis in a patient with silica exposure is termed Erasmus Syndrome. Few case reports are available in the literature.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report here a case of Erasmus syndrome in a 54-year-old stone worker. The patient presented with diffuse skin thickening, hyperpigmentation, Raynaud's phenomenon, and arthralgia along with radiological features of silicosis. Serological markers of systemic sclerosis were strongly positive, and skin biopsy confirmed scleroderma. Hence, a diagnosis of Erasmus syndrome was made. The clinical, serological, and histopathological features of SA-SS in the patient were indistinguishable from those of idiopathic SS; however, a history of silica dust exposure and evidence of silicosis supported the diagnosis of SA-SS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Careful screening should be done in patients with silicosis along with systemic manifestations to rule out any associated connective tissue disorder. A detailed exposure history should be carefully obtained for all patients with systemic sclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"198-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interleukin-1 and Interleukin-8 are Prominent Inflammatory Markers in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis and Non-Cystic Fibrosis.","authors":"Hosein Ali Ghaffaripour, Maryam Hassanzad, Mahsa Mirzendehdel, Niloofar Esfahanian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bronchiectasis is characterized by pathological inflammation and infection that cause thickening and dilation of the airways. It is categorized into cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB). Given the disease's inflammatory nature, this study aimed to assess the levels of interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in CF and NCFB patients compared to a healthy control (HC) group.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 35 bronchiectasis patients (18 with CF and 16 with NCFB) and 18 individuals in the HC group were selected based on specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. After receiving informed consent, the levels of IL-1, IL-8, and TNF-α in serum and broncho-alveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were measured using ELISA. Additionally, spirometry results for the study participants were recorded before and after bronchoscopy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in serum IL-8 (p = 0.018) and in BAL IL-1 and IL-8 levels (p = 0.018 and p < 0.0001, respectively). A notable positive correlation was found between serum IL-1 and both serum and BAL IL-8 (p < 0.0001). Similarly, serum IL-8 showed a significant positive correlation with its BAL levels (p = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Findings from this study suggest that elevated IL-1 in the lungs is a key factor in bronchiectasis-related inflammation, and the increase in IL-8 may occur via an IL-1-dependent pathway. The heightened levels of IL-8 in BAL and serum among bronchiectasis patients align with known neutrophilia in these cases. Spirometry results showed no significant association with these cytokine increases, indicating that relying solely on spirometry may be insufficient for monitoring inflammation in bronchiectasis patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"141-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Antibiotic Therapy against <i>Lophomonas blattarum</i> in Asthmatic Subjects: A Phase 3 Clinical Trial.","authors":"Younos Ghaderi, Majid Mirsadraee, Fariba Berenji, Zahra Naseri Anhaei, Shadi Ghafari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong><i>Lophomonas blattarum</i> causes chronic non-specific respiratory symptoms, which can easily mask asthma symptoms. The study aimed to predict the benefits of eradicating Lophomonas on the course of asthma.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fifty subjects resistant to high-dose inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting beta 2 agonist and other controllers such as montelukast or tiotropium were enrolled in this phase 3 clinical trial. Lophomonas was evaluated using a direct wet smear of bronchial lavage or induced sputum. Random allocation was performed by drawing lots from identical envelopes, and concealment was achieved by repackaging Tinidazole and placebo (vitamin B1) tablets in identical bottles. The clinic staff were blind to the study, and the code was opened by a pharmacist. The primary outcome was the asthma control test (ACT) score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Direct smear showed Lophomonas in 52% of the Tinidazole group and 28% of the control group. Other baseline parameters were not significantly different between the Tinidazole and control groups. Cough disappeared in 12 out of 25 (48%) in the Tinidazole group (P=0.001), and the scoring of cough and dyspnea showed significant improvement in the Tinidazole group. Post-nasal drip, sputum, wheezing, and airway hyper-responsiveness were other secondary parameters that showed significant improvement. The ACT score improved from 16.84±2.65 at baseline to 23.11±2.58, and FENO and FEV1 were other objective outcomes that showed significant improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>Lophomnas blattarum</i> was detected in a significant number of severe asthmatics, and treatment directed at this protozoan will cause a significant improvement in asthmatic subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"181-186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Secret of Iran's Success in Overcoming the COVID-19 Challenge.","authors":"Mohammad Bakhtiari, Reza Sadeghi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"111-113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 15-Year-Old Healthy Girl with Streaky Hemoptysis and Cavitary Lung Lesion.","authors":"Mitra Rezaei, Sana Sadat Pourhoseini, Afshin Moniri, Forouzan Mohammadi, Payam Tabarsi, Majid Marjani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"202-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Visual Biofeedback in COPD Patients on Structured Home-Based Pulmonary Rehabilitation Program: a Double-Blind, Parallel, Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Mohd Rashid, Sudhir R Mishra, Ajay Kumar Verma, Dileep Kumar, Ganesh Yadav, Anil Kumar Gupta","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, COPD is the most common pulmonary disorder. Although Indoor Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs increase exercise tolerance and improve quality of life in COPD, they also cause a significant escalation in the expenses of treatment. This study aimed to assess the effect of home-based PR programs in patients with mild to severely affected stable COPD, to determine the impact of visual biofeedback on pulmonary function and the quality of life of these patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This Double-blind, parallel, randomized controlled study was conducted at a tertiary care center from April 2023 to June 2024. The study enrolled 70 patients, who were randomized into group A (Incentive spirometry plus conventional pulmonary exercise) and group B (Conventional pulmonary exercises). Pulmonary indices, FEV1 (Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 sec), FVC (Forced Vital Capacity), FEV1/FVC (%), and Quality of life indices, St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (symptoms score, activities score, impact score, and total score), were used as outcome measures. Data were recorded at baseline and after 4 weeks of a structured PR program and analyzed by SPSS version 24.0, and a p-value < 0.05 was chosen as the level of significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 44 males and 26 females. Inter-group assessment after 4 weeks of PR program showed improvement in FEV1 (p-value: 0.043), FVC (p-value: 0.032), Symptom score (p-value: 0.038), Impact Score (p-value: 0.005), and Total score (p-value < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Visual biofeedback can augment the PR program in stable COPD patients, and it can enhance the outcome even in a home-based rehabilitation program.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 2","pages":"174-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13102334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147781834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}