Tanaffos最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Hyssop (<i>Hyssopus officinalis</i>) Syrup on Mild to Moderate Asthma: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.","authors":"Babak Daneshfard, Fatemeh Amini, Amir Mohammad Jaladat, Behrouz Momeni, Ali Abdolahinia, Ayda Hosseinkhani, Leila Hosseini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Asthma is one of the most common respiratory diseases. <i>Hyssopus officinalis</i> L. is a medicinal herb that has shown anti-asthmatic effects and has also been recommended in Persian Medicine literature for its treatment. In this study, the efficacy of hyssop in mild to moderate asthma was investigated considering the patients' phenotype (having productive/non-productive cough).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a randomized triple-blind placebo-controlled trial, 60 mild-to-moderate asthmatic patients were randomized to receive either hyssop syrup (5 ml twice daily containing 6g <i>Hyssopus officinalis</i> L. extract) or plain sugar syrup (5 ml twice daily) for 4 weeks as an adjuvant to routine treatment. Outcome measures were the Asthma Control Test (ACT), pulmonary function tests, Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR3), and wheezing severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patients with productive cough in the hyssop group showed significant improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), ACT (at the 4th week), peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximal expiratory flow rate 25-75 (MEF25-75%), and wheezing severity. However, those with dry cough got worse regarding these indices.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hyssop syrup is effective for asthmatic patients with productive cough and a higher BMI, but it is not suitable for those experiencing a dry cough. It highlights the importance of syndrome differentiation in asthmatic patients and a posteriori subgrouping in data analysis. This approach enhances treatment accuracy and response rates while reducing adverse effects. Future trials are guaranteed to approve this categorization in asthma treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"146-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Side Effects of COVID-19 Vaccination Following First and Second Doses: A Cross-Sectional Survey Based on Vaccine-associated Factors.","authors":"Sajjad Tavakkoli, Mohammad Rostami Nejad, Mohamad Amin Pourhoseingholi, Golshan Mirmomeni, Fatemeh Ghorbani, Mostafa Rezaei Tavirani, Somayeh Jahani-Sherafat, Mohammad Ali EmamHadi, Shahriar Janbazi, Alireza Zali, Mitra Rezaei, Reza M Robati","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Due to the rapid launch and development of vaccines (the most ideal protocol for countering COVID-19), monitoring of post-vaccination side effects is essential. This study aimed to assess symptoms and side effects of three types of COVID-19 vaccines (Sputnik, AstraZeneca, and Sinopharm) and the details of their relationship with demographic characteristics in Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional and telephonic interview-based study was conducted from May 12 to July 11, 2021, among 420 university staff who received both doses of the COVID-19 vaccine. The association of vaccination behavior-related symptoms after the first and second doses with age, gender, vaccine type, blood type, underlying medical situation, and past infection and reinfection with SARS-CoV-2 was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of participants were men (58.7%), the median age was 41.30+11.208 years, and 18.6% were vaccinated with the Sputnik vaccine, 75.1% with Sinopharm, and 6.3% with AstraZeneca. In addition, 47.3% and 41.8% were symptomatic after first and second dose vaccination, respectively. The frequency of symptoms was higher in younger individuals, women, and AstraZeneca recipients (p = 0.001). The most frequently reported symptoms were fever, weakness, and muscular and injection site pain. These symptoms were more reported after the first dose than the second one. There was no significant connection between blood types, underlying medical situations, past infection and reinfection with SARS-CoV-2, and the prevalence of symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AstraZeneca, Sputnik, and Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccines were found to be safe and the lowest incidence of symptoms was seen in Sinopharm recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"115-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A 26-Year-Old Man with Productive Cough, Hemoptysis, and Weight Loss.","authors":"Faezeh Sharafi, Mitra Rezaei, Payam Tabarsi, Majid Marjani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"213-214"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Alarm for Pediatricians Facing BCG Vaccine Complications.","authors":"Shirin Sayyahfar, Abdoulreza Esteghamati, Nima Rezaei","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"100-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and Adverse Effects Related to COVID-19 Viral Vector Vaccines: A Systematic Review.","authors":"SeyedAhmad SeyedAlinaghi, Ava Pashaei, Marcarious M Tantuoyir, Amirali Karimi, Hengameh Mojdeganlou, Newsha Nazarian, Farzin Vahedi, Arian Afzalian, Parnian Shobeiri, Mohsen Dashti, Afsaneh Ghasemzadeh, Pegah Mirzapour, Sahar Nooralioghli Parikhani, Esmaeil Mehraeen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There have been safety concerns regarding the COVID-19 vaccines because of their unprecedented speed of development. Therefore, systematic reviews are necessary to address these concerns and reduce public hesitancy regarding COVID-19 vaccines. This study aims to systematically review the reported adverse events related to viral vector COVID-19 vaccines.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We performed a systematic search in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane on September 15^th, 2021. This study adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. The records underwent two-step title/abstract and full-text screenings, and the eligible records were included in the data extraction process. We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for the Bias Assessment of included articles.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The adenovirus vector-based COVID-19 vaccines, including the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine, the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, and the Sputnik V vaccine were included in this review. Among these vaccines, the AstraZeneca has presented enormous side effects with most being systemic and a few sporadic cases of life-threatening events such as thrombosis and capillary leak syndrome and even death in a few cases. Prominent systemic side effects of the adenovirus vaccines include fever, fatigue, malaise, arthralgia, myalgia, sweating, and dizziness. Erythema, swelling, tenderness, itching, and numbness at the injection site are the most common local reactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It appeared that the frequency of serious adverse events is negligible, and vaccination to prevent severe COVID-19 and mortality has greater benefits than adverse events in the general population.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"102-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Acromio-Axillo-Suprasternal Notch Index (AASI) with Hyomental Distance Ratio Test (HMDR) in Predicting Difficult Visualization of the Larynx.","authors":"Alireza Jaffari, Homayoun Aghamohammadi, Mahdis Hamedi, Mohammad Reza Kamranmanesh, Parisa Sezari, Kamran Mottaghi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Safe airway management during anesthesia induction is a challenging issue. Airway-related morbidity can be prevented by carefully evaluating patients and formulating a difficult airway management strategy. The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare two indices, AASI, and HMDR, in predicting difficult laryngoscopic visualization.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Six hundred and twenty-two patients, who entered the operating room for any type of elective surgery and were candidates for general anesthesia, underwent AASI and HMDR measurements after filling out a questionnaire containing personal information, oral examinations, and history of illness or surgery before anesthesia prescription. The Cormack grade was recorded during laryngoscopy, and finally, the predictive value of the two methods was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on analysis, AASI has a higher specificity than HDMR (87.5% vs. 76.1%) and the positive predictive value of AASI is 97%. Therefore, both HMDR and AASI are valid and significant indicators for predicting difficult laryngoscopy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AASI has a better diagnostic profile than HMDR regarding sensitivity and positive predictive value, Additionally, AASI is more convenient to use because it is simpler and visually predictable, making it a reliable clinical predictor.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halo Sign and Reverse Halo Sign in a Patient with Primary Lung Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report.","authors":"Pouyan Ebrahimi, Hamidreza Jamaati, Amir Morteza Soleimani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The halo sign and reverse halo sign are two computerized tomography scan views based on the placement of ground glass opacity. These two views have various differential diagnoses, but infections are known to be the most important differential diagnosis in both views. Lung adenocarcinoma, one of the deadliest tumors of both genders, can be included in the differential diagnosis. Nevertheless, we decided to report this case since both of these features were present in the same patient.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 51-year-old man presented with gradual symptoms such as shortness of breath and myalgia, with a history of smoking and coronavirus disease 2019. In his computerized tomography scan, two views of the halo sign and the reverse halo sign were seen along with other lesions. In further investigations, due to his lack of recovery, a biopsy was prepared. Finally, with a definitive diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma, we treated the patient appropriately.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When a patient presents with a halo sign and reverse halo sign on a computerized tomography scan and has a smoking history, it is necessary to take a biopsy of the observed lesions to rule out primary lung carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"209-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825078/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airflow-Related Shear Stress: The Main Cause of VILI or not?","authors":"Hamidreza Jamaati, Mojdeh Monjezi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The physical basis of ventilator-induced lung injury has been explored extensively in the last decades. The three mechanisms named volutrauma (overdistension of alveoli), barotrauma (high airway pressure), and atelectrauma (cyclic opening and closing of alveoli) have been known as the main mechanisms of lung injury. Lowering tidal volume and applying positive end-expiratory pressure have been suggested to minimize these mechanisms. Besides, some researchers believe that elevated airflow-related shear stress on the epithelial cell layer could cause an inflammatory response.</p><p><strong>Materials and method: </strong>In this study, a simplified 0-D model for air flow in human lungs has computed the airflow-related shear stress. The airway resistance, compliance, and inertance have been calculated using Womersley analysis and included in this model. Considering a constant flow, volume-controlled mechanical ventilation, the effect of ventilation parameters including tidal volume, respiratory rate, and inspiratory/expiratory ratio on the magnitude of shear stress has been investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results show that high tidal volume, high respiratory rate, and low inspiratory/expiratory ratio, increase the magnitude of wall shear stress but still in the safety range.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This result suggests that airflow-related shear stress is not the primary cause of mechanical damage. So far, it has been assumed that wall shear stress plays a critical role in ventilator-induced lung injury. This paper enhances our understanding of wall shear stress magnitude, indicating that the shear stress from airflow in mechanical ventilation is not high enough to inflict mechanical damage on pulmonary epithelial cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"139-145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between CT Finding Changes and Clinical Course in COVID-19 Patients: A Single Center Retrospective Study.","authors":"Ali Akbar Mahdavi, Masoomeh Raoufi, Mina Hashemi, Rezvan Aghaiepour, Hossein Mardanparvar, Sina Asaadi, Mehrdad Bakhshayesh Karam","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to summarize the baseline and radiological characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and investigate the correlation between clinical outcomes and radiological findings in the first week after admission.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A single-center retrospective study was carried out on confirmed cases of COVID-19 based on RT-PCR and chest CT scan findings according to Iran's National Guidelines for defining COVID-19 in patients admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Baseline and chest CT scan characteristics of patients were investigated, and their correlation with the change in clinical outcome was reported.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>72 patients (50%) with a mean age of 54.65±16.2 years were in two periods of time including the first day of diagnosis and 6.0±3.4 days later. Based on CT scan Severity Score (CTSS) changes (decrease/no change or increase) during the study, patients were divided into two groups of CTSS progression (n=47) and CTSS no-progression (n=25). Diabetes mellitus (20%) and hypertension (19.1%) were the most frequent comorbidities among the patients in the non-progression and progression groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in demographic features including age and gender, and comorbidities (P>0.05). On the first day of diagnosis, there was no significant difference in blood tests and radiological findings and the number of patients who managed out-patients or in-patients in both groups. However, on the second evaluation day, patients in the progression group had significantly higher CTSS in comparison with the non-progression group (13.11±4.7 vs. 9.48±4.2, P=0.003), and the clinical situation in 15 patients in progression changed from out-patient to in-patient (p=0.033). Only chest CT imaging score was a potential parameter associated with the change in clinical progression (P=0.030, RR=10.18, 95, CI=1.25-89.72).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing CTSS is a strong predictor of worsening clinical outcomes during hospitalization in COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 2","pages":"170-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11825068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143433663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological Responses to Facemask Use during a Graded Treadmill Test in Healthy Male Adolescents and Young.","authors":"Nasibeh Kazemi, Bryanne N Bellovary, Ali Shaker, Saeedeh Shadmehri, Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani, Mozhgan Ahmadi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>we aimed to investigate the physiological impact of facemasks use during a graded treadmill exercise test in male adolescents and young adults.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty-one males aged 15 to 28 volunteered. Participants completed four sessions with a 72-hour gap between each session. They completed four visits: 1 rest and 3 graded treadmill exercise test sessions no mask, surgical mask, and FFP2/N95 mask. Pre- and post-graded treadmill exercise test, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and blood oxygen saturation were measured. Repeated measures analysis of variance determined statistical differences (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were no differences in exercise performance (e.g., time to termination, estimated VO2max) nor heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure between conditions. FFP2/N95 mask resulted in lower blood oxygen saturation compared to no mask and surgical mask, and the surgical mask was lower than no mask at exhaustion.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Participants could safely complete the graded treadmill exercise test without detriment to exercise performance even though blood oxygen saturation decreased with facemask use.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"23 1","pages":"44-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11655014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142865416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}