Tanaffos最新文献

{"title":"Association between Telomere Length and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Alireza Eslaminejad, Jalal Heshmatnia, Seyed Alireza Nadji, Makan Sadr, Hooman Sharifi, Reyhaneh Dehghani, Mobina Zargar, Mohsen Sadeghi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the poor survival of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), it is necessary to investigate the effect of telomere length on this disease and on treatments that improve it; therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between telomere length and IPF.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In our case-control study, 144 participants, including 72 IPF patients admitted to Masih Daneshvari Hospital and 72 healthy controls, were selected. Blood tests were done for all subjects. Telomere length was measured using quantitative real-time PCR. The results were analyzed using SPSS version 22 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean telomere length in the IPF group was 0.94±0.06, which was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.97±0.03) (P<0.001). Also, there was no significant correlation between telomere length with 6-minute walk test (6MWT) (r=-0.126, P=0.296), saturated oxygen (SpO₂) (r=-0.204, P=0.088), transfer factor of the lung for carbon monoxide (TLCO) (r=-0.049, P=0.687), total lung capacity (TLC) (r=-0.028, P=0.819), FEV₁/FVC (r=-0.018, P=0.884), forced vital capacity (FVC) (r=0.022, P=0.858), body mass index (BMI) (r=0.014, P=0.908), and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) (r=0.096, P=0.425).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the present study showed that IPF is an accelerated-aging disease because the telomere length index, which reflects oxidative damage, cellular turnover, and aging, is significantly reduced in these patients compared with healthy individuals of the same age.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"390-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pericardiocentesis in Massive Pericardial Effusion in the Setting of Pulmonary Hypertension: Is It Beneficial?","authors":"Ahmad Mirdamadi, Mahsa Hashemirad, Shakiba Seifi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A serious complication of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is pericardial effusion (PE), which can significantly increase the mortality rate of affected patients. While managing this condition is critical, there is ongoing debate regarding the best therapeutic approaches. Although pericardiocentesis is mostly indicated in patients with cardiac tamponade, it may inadvertently increase mortality in the context of PH.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>This case series reports on three patients who experienced PE associated with PH. Each patient received a different treatment, resulting in varying outcomes. One patient, unfortunately, died within 24 hours after undergoing pericardiocentesis. In contrast, the other two patients did not receive the procedure; instead, they were treated with medication. One of them has shown significant improvement after receiving more aggressive medical treatment. Both are alive with unremarkable limitations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The coexistence of pulmonary hypertension and massive pericardial effusion presents a complex challenge for management decisions. An effective approach requires a multidisciplinary strategy to optimize patient outcomes. While pericardiocentesis is essential in cases of massive pericardial effusion, it should be reconsidered if the underlying cause is pulmonary hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"404-407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COPD and Bronchiectasis Overlap: Coincidence or Phenotype?","authors":"Elissavet Kosti, Ourania S Kotsiou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and bronchiectasis is increasingly recognized as a distinct clinical phenotype that presents unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This overlap syndrome is characterized by heightened airway inflammation, frequent bacterial colonization, and a greater burden of respiratory symptoms, leading to poorer clinical outcomes. In this review, we explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying COPD-bronchiectasis overlap, emphasizing the role of chronic infection, impaired mucociliary clearance, and structural lung damage in driving disease progression. Bronchiectasis in COPD patients is associated with increased airflow obstruction, higher exacerbation rates, and greater disease severity compared to COPD alone. The shared pathophysiology includes chronic inflammation, often initiated by cigarette smoke or other environmental pollutants, and recurrent infections, especially with pathogens like Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These infections create a vicious cycle of inflammation and bronchial wall damage, resulting in airway dilation and impaired lung function. Diagnosing bronchiectasis in COPD patients remains challenging due to overlapping symptoms. High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is essential for identifying bronchial abnormalities, while spirometry confirms obstructive patterns. This review also highlights the need for tailored therapeutic strategies, including aggressive management of infections, use of long-acting bronchodilators, and cautious application of inhaled corticosteroids, which may exacerbate inflammation in patients with bronchiectasis. By recognizing COPD-bronchiectasis overlap as a distinct phenotype, we aim to improve clinical outcomes through a more personalized and comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment, ultimately enhancing patient quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"312-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Bacterial Isolates from Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and the Hospital Environment in Urmia, Iran.","authors":"Mahdieh Delfi, Masome Rabieepour, Vajihe Sadat Nikbin, Saber Yousefi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a nosocomial infection involving hospitalized patients using mechanical ventilation. The endotracheal tube is a place for colonizing microbial populations and subsequent biofilm formation, leading to relative drug resistance. Also, the hospital environment may worsen the infection. This study aims to identify the microbial cause of the infection and evaluate its characteristics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Sampling was done using endotracheal tube suction among hospitalized patients and from different places in intensive care units in selected hospitals in Urmia, Iran. All specimens were identified by microbial and biochemical tests. Then, the antibiotic susceptibility tests were performed using disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory and bacteriocidal concentrations for selected antibiotics. Finally, the biofilm formation rates of all isolates were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of clinical bacterial isolates were Gram-negative bacilli, including <i>A. baumannii</i>. <i>Bacillus spp.</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> were the most isolated bacteria from environmental samples. The antibiotic susceptibility testing results showed that most Gram-negative bacilli were resistant to common antibiotics and were extensively-drug resistant. The intermediate rate was higher than resistance to colistin, but evidence showed the efficiency of colistin against Gram-negative bacilli. Most of the isolates were strong biofilm producers, and this was correlated with the extensively drug-resistant pattern of bacteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evidence shows that Ventilator-associated pneumonia is a critical infection. According to the findings, there is a high rate of biofilm formation and consequent drug resistance among bacterial causes of Ventilator-associated pneumonia, which needs new insights for preventing and controlling this healthcare problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"364-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672016/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Galactooligosaccharides Suppress the Development of Biofilm in the Presence of Blood Polymorphonuclear Cells of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients: A Pilot Study.","authors":"Masoumeh Nomani, Babak Salimi, Mohammad Varahram, Hamidreza Jamaati, Esmaeil Mortaz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bacterial biofilms pose a significant healthcare challenge due to their robust resistance to antibiotics and their involvement in various diseases, including cancer and infectious conditions. Biofilms hinder the antimicrobial activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) by restricting their penetration through the extracellular matrix. With the rise of antimicrobial resistance, non-antibiotic strategies are gaining attention. Galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) have been investigated for their potential to inhibit bacterial growth. This study investigates the impact of GOS on the biofilm development of GFP-labelled <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (GFP-SA) and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (GFP-PA) in the presence of blood PMNs from patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and healthy controls.<b>Materials and Methods:</b> Bacterial biofilms were investigated in the presence or absence of PMNs isolated from the blood of 12 NSCLC patients and 3 healthy controls (HC), with the inclusion of GOS. These PMNs were incubated with GFP-SA or GFP-PA biofilms and exposed to various concentrations of GOS (2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) for 24 hours in a microplate setting. The progress of bacterial biofilm was quantified using the crystal violet assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GOS itself, with bacteria at high concentrations (10%, 15%, and 20%), suppressed biofilm formation. PMNs of NSCLC patients show higher biofilm formation than in the absence of PMNs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on our findings, PMNs in NSCLC patients may disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the lungs, potentially leading to an overgrowth of biofilm-forming bacteria. GOS are known to influence immune function and may improve the ability of PMNs to fight infections. Consequently, it is proposed that GOS could enhance the ability of PMNs to phagocytose bacterial biofilms and counteract the negative effects of cancerous PMNs on biofilm formation. However, further research is needed to confirm whether GOS can effectively manage bacterial biofilms in lung cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"321-329"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary Nodules and Lymphadenopathy in a Patient with Advanced HIV Infection.","authors":"Alireza Eskandari, Mitra Rezaei, Babak Salimi, Majid Marjani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shelter Challenges for Asthma Patients during Disasters: Experiences and Solutions.","authors":"Ameneh Marzban","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"309-311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can the Eosinophil-to-Platelet Ratio Predict Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations and Length of Hospital Stay?","authors":"Sina Homaee, Reyhaneh Toluei, Atefeh Abedini, Azadeh Moradkhani, Niloufar Taherpour, Farnaz Saberian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a severe condition that escalates the burden on patients and the healthcare system. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the eosinophil-to-platelet ratio (EPR) in predicting COPD exacerbations and hospital admissions, with these outcomes also assessed as secondary endpoints.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cohort study was conducted from 2023 to 2025 at Masih Daneshvari Educational Hospital in Tehran, Iran, among patients with confirmed COPD exacerbation. Participants were assessed during the recovery phase after management of the acute exacerbation. Collected clinical data included the history and frequency of exacerbations in the preceding 12 months; blood test results at discharge; 90-day mortality; hospital readmission; ICU admission; and corticosteroid use within 12 months post-discharge. Data were analyzed using STATA version 17.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study evaluated 249 individuals with COPD exacerbation, with a mean age of 65.66±9.17 years. In individuals with EPR≤1, the risk of experiencing more COPD exacerbations was 17% higher than in those with EPR>1 (adjusted RR=1.17, 95% CI=0.92 -1.49, P=0.195). These results were not statistically significant. In addition, in patients with EPR≤1, the risk of having a higher number of hospitalization days was 16% lower compared to those with EPR>1 (adjusted RR=0.84, 95% CI=0.72-0.98, P=0.036). EPR was not associated with ICU admission and the need for systemic corticosteroids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The association between lower EPR values and a higher number of exacerbations, as well as shorter hospital stays, suggests that EPR could reflect distinct exacerbation phenotypes or patterns of disease activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"353-363"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic Variants in Inflammatory Response Genes and Lung Cancer Risk: A Case-Control Study.","authors":"Adnan Khosravi, Sharareh Seifi, Babak Salimi, Maryam Mabani, Parsa Rostami, Masoumeh Nomani, Shima Seif, Hoda Dezhkhi, Seyedeh Faezeh Sadatkiaei","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, is influenced by both environmental and genetic factors. Chronic inflammation is recognized as a key driver of tumorigenesis. This study investigates the role of genetic variations in three inflammatory response genes in modulating lung cancer susceptibility. By examining the frequencies of specific polymorphisms in lung cancer patients and healthy controls, we aim to identify potential genetic markers for increased risk.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We conducted a case-control study comparing the frequencies of 5 inflammatory response gene polymorphisms (TNF-α-308, TNF-α-238, IFN-γ-2109, IL-10-819, and IL-10-1082) in 62 patients with lung cancer and 78 controls. DNA samples were genotyped using PCR-based methods, and statistical analyses were performed to assess the associations between polymorphisms and lung cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study is the first to comprehensively analyze five key inflammatory response gene polymorphisms (TNF-α-308, TNF-α-238, IFN-γ-2109, IL-10-819, and IL-10-1082) in lung cancer patients. Our findings reveal significant associations between four of these polymorphisms and lung cancer risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides novel insights into the genetic basis of lung cancer susceptibility, highlighting the potential role of inflammatory response gene polymorphisms as biomarkers for risk assessment. Future research should develop deeper into the underlying biological mechanisms through which these genetic variants influence lung cancer development. By elucidating these pathways, we may identify novel therapeutic targets and develop personalized prevention and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"375-383"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672035/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Clinical, Laboratory, and Imaging Profiles in Tuberculosis Patients Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Roya Alavi-Naini, Ilia Mirzaei, Mohammad Ali Zeinali Moghadam, Abolfazl Parsi-Moud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While the COVID-19 pandemic has understandably dominated global attention, Tuberculosis (TB) remains a persistent and formidable global health threat. Acknowledging the impact of COVID-19 on immune function and the decreased referrals of TB patients to medical clinics during the pandemic, we sought to assess the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of TB patients in two distinct periods: pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively identified 105 TB patients from the year preceding the pandemic and, during the pandemic, selected 72 TB patients with a positive history of COVID-19. A comprehensive analysis of various features, including age, gender, fever, cough, hemoptysis, and different imaging and laboratory parameters, was conducted and compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-pandemic TB patients exhibited a higher prevalence of hemoptysis, chest pain, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels, with P-values of 0.014, 0.006, and <0.001, respectively. Furthermore, our findings indicated an increased incidence of bilateral imaging features in COVID-19 TB patients (P= 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the potential effects of COVID-19 on immune function and the diagnostic challenges posed by overlapping clinical manifestations, clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for tuberculosis (TB) in patients with COVID-19, particularly those presenting with atypical or complex symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"384-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}