Tanaffos最新文献

{"title":"Oxidative Stress Mediates Cross-Talk between the Thioredoxin System and NLRP3 Inflammasome in Patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Rajab Mardani, Seyed Davood Mosavinasab, Heidar Tavilani, Jamshid Karimi, Jalal Poorolajal, Iraj Khodadadi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 is known as a fatal respiratory disease with an inflammatory basis. Imbalance of the thioredoxin system in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) may cause NLRP3 inflammasome activation and interleukin-1β production.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty patients with COVID-19 and forty healthy individuals were included in this case-control study. All participants had previously received two doses of the coronavirus vaccine. PBMCs were isolated, and the expression of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1), NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β genes was determined. Protein levels of TXNIP, NLRP3, and IL-1β were measured. Moreover, to confirm the involvement of oxidative stress in evoking inflammation in COVID-19, PBMCs were isolated from three independent healthy subjects, cultured <i>in vitro</i>, and infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus in the presence or absence of vitamin C. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and IL-1β levels were determined in cultured PBMCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oxidative stress was higher in COVID-19 patients. The mRNA expression and protein levels of TXNIP, NLRP3, and IL-1β were significantly higher in PBMCs of COVID-19 patients compared with the control group, whereas the expression of TRX-1 was found to be lower in patients. The enhancement in ROS, TXNIP protein, and NLRP3 gene expression levels was positively associated with increased IL-1β.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The concurrent elevation of ROS, TXNIP, NLRP3, and IL-1β suggests the potential role of the thioredoxin system in activating the NLRP3 inflammasome and generating inflammatory IL-1β in patients with COVID-19. In addition, vitamin C, as an adjunct therapeutic agent, beneficially suppressed oxidative stress and inflammation in infected PBMCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"338-352"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Mechanism of Hypoxemia: A Case Report.","authors":"Maria Laura Vega Pittao, Davide Femia, Marco Carpano, Massimiliano Polastri, Vito Catalanotti, Manuel Lucchin, Chiara Folchi Vici d'Arcevia, Anna Gabriela Lisowska, Lara Pisani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The leading causes of hypoxemia and acute respiratory failure commonly observed in the intensive care unit setting are ventilator/perfusion mismatch and intrapulmonary shunt. The main objective of the current report was to describe the treatment and the diagnostic procedures in a patient with methemoglobinemia. A 66-year-old woman arrived at the emergency department after suddenly losing coordination while walking and reported having experienced increased cough and sputum in the previous days. The patient, a current smoker with 35 pack-years, had comorbidities and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, requiring long-term oxygen therapy. Extensive laboratory analyses revealed elevated methemoglobin (MetHb) levels, increasing from 10% upon admission to 25% of total hemoglobin (Hb), and the onset of post-surgical anemia (Hb 9.6 g/dL). In the present case, the hypoxemia was caused by an increase in MetHb levels, in addition to anemia due to surgical intervention and overhydration. Antibiotic and diuretic therapy for treating infection and right heart failure was effective, leading to a favorable postoperative course.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"399-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13671980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting COPD Severity by Red Cell Distribution Width as a Potential Marker.","authors":"Fateme Mohammadzade, Mohammad Yousefi, Amirali Moodi Ghalibaf, Mostafa Kamandi, Farid Poursadegh, Fariba Rezaeetalab, Sepide Hejazi, Mahnaz Mozdourian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition of the lower airways and lungs with stable inflammation and alterations in the structure of small airways. There are some biomarkers linked to acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD). Red cell distribution width (RDW) is one of these biomarkers. To investigate the correlation between RDW and the severity of COPD, and to assess its relationship with the stage of airway obstruction in spirometry among COPD patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In an 18-month retrospective study, a total of 255 participants were enrolled, including 170 patients with COPD (85 with stable COPD and 85 with acute exacerbations of COPD) and 85 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Demographic factors and blood laboratory tests were conducted for each group. The COPD groups had their COPD severity, spirometry parameters, and inflammation indices recorded and then compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RDW levels are increased in COPD patients (p<0.001). However, no statistically significant relationships between RDW values and CAT scores or mMRC grades were observed. Our analysis revealed that spirometry parameters and RDW levels are negatively correlated (p<0.05). Additionally, the RDW parameter has a positive and significant correlation with PCO ₂ and a negative and significant relationship with pH (p<0.05), while no significant correlation exists between the RDW parameter and PHCO ₃ .</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings indicate that RDW could serve as a potential predictor of COPD conditions, especially in spirometry parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 4","pages":"330-337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13672039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathological Changes in the Stenotic Part of the Airway in Post-Intubation Tracheal Stenosis.","authors":"Hossein Kalantari Dehaghi, Fariba Ghorbani, Mohammad Bayat, Amirbahador Abbasi, Maryam Kalantari Dehaghi, Makan Sadr, Nafiseh Mohammadizadeh, Bardya Mohseni, Mohammad Behgam Shadmehr","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) is one of the most important early complications of intubation. In this study, a detailed examination of the histopathological changes of the trachea is presented.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, specimens of the stenotic region of the trachea in 25 patients with type III, type IV, and subglottic airway stenosis were evaluated using hematoxylin/eosin and Masson's trichrome staining. Also, the prevalence of microscopic changes in the different structures of the tracheal wall was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the patients was 37.12±13.96 years, and the intubation duration was 12.6 ± 4.8 days. The length of stenosis part was 30.12± 6.4 mm. The location of stenosis in 19 patients was in the trachea, in five patients both the trachea and the subglottic area were affected, and in one patient only the subglottic area was restricted. In grade III, the epithelial layer was disorganized, and widespread cell destruction occurred. Also, the mucosal and submucosal layers were destroyed, and the accumulation of extracellular matrix and collagen fibers was clear, but the hyaline cartilage of the trachea was still intact and non-pathological. In Grade IV lesions, the tracheal tissue was extensively damaged, with complete destruction of the epithelial layers, lamina propria, mucosa, submucosa, seromucous glands, and tracheal cartilage. The extracellular matrix and collagen fibers were also extensively disrupted and replaced by fibrotic tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tissue destruction in tracheal stenosis sometimes progresses to the depth of the cartilage layer and is irreversible. Thus, in many cases, anastomotic resection surgery is the only treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 3","pages":"292-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Research Trends on Tuberculosis: A Bibliometric and Visualized Study of Clinical Trials.","authors":"Mansoureh Feizabadi, Esmaeil Vaziri, Seyed Mohammad Reza Nejatollahi, Elham Sadati, Arman Hasanzade, Masoud Shafaghi, Fariba Ghorbani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis stands as a prominent global infectious disease, ranking among the leading causes of mortality. Its complex pathogenesis and significant resistance to existing treatments have made the eradication of this disease challenging. Over the 20th century and into the present, numerous endeavors have been undertaken to comprehensively understand various aspects of this disease and find a proper solution to this challenge. This scientometric study employs the content analysis method to provide an overview of existing clinical trials in the tuberculosis field. We conducted a comprehensive review using the World Health Organization Clinical Trials Registry database, covering studies registered between 1998 and 2021. A total of 1,590 tuberculosis-related clinical trials were registered across global clinical trial registries through the end of 2021. Significant joint initiatives were observed, notably between South Africa and India (53 studies), South Africa and Peru (47 studies), and South Africa and Uganda (40 studies). There was a predominant focus on Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) diseases (14.15% of trials). Pulmonary tuberculosis with 316 (19.87%) trials and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis with 92 (5.76%) trials were the most evaluated topics. Drug-based interventions led with 942 studies (58.25), and Isoniazid was evaluated in 261 trials (16.42%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Scientometric analyses provide valuable insights into research trends across diverse fields, helping researchers identify knowledge gaps and guide future investigations. The steadily increasing annual registration of clinical trials, together with persistent gaps in our understanding of tuberculosis pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment, and the substantial global burden of disease, underscores the need for continued research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 3","pages":"213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Molecular Mechanism of Ferroptosis in A549 Lung Cancer Cells.","authors":"Mohammad Rostami-Nejad, Zahra Razzaghi, Reza M Robati, Babak Arjmand, Vahid Mansouri, Maryam Hamzeloo-Moghadam, Mitra Rezaei, Fatemeh Bandarian, Farideh Razi, Mostafa Rezaei-Tavirani","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ferroptosis is a non-apoptotic cell death pattern caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation injury. It is a new strategy for lung cancer treatment. Molecular mechanism detection of ferroptosis via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis is the main aim of this investigation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To detect gene expression changes related to ferroptosis, Gse247883 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was a candidate to be analyzed via PPI network analysis. The gene expression profiles of A549 lung cancer cells were compared with those of controls via the GEO2R program. Volcano plot visualized the significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The hubs of up- and downregulated PPI networks were determined and enriched for related biological processes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Some 14 hubs, including EGFR, TXNRD1, SOD1, TXN, PRDX1, PTGS2, CXCL8, TLR4, CALR, P4HB, UBC, GSR, and VCP, among the 295 recognized significant upregulated DEGs and 13 hubs; PTEN, HNRNPA1, HNRNPA2B1, HSP90AB1, NPM1, XPO1, ANLN, HNRNPC, PPP1CC, NCL, EEF1A1, HSPD1, and MATR3 for the downregulated PPI network of 249 recognized significant DEGs were determined. A total of 11 and 6 groups of various types of biological groups related to the hubs of the up- and downregulated PPI network were identified, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, most effects of ferroptosis are regulation of EGFR, TXNRD1, SOD1, TXN, PRDX1, PTGS2, TLR4, P4HB, UBC, GSR, VCP, PTEN, HNRNPA1, HNRNPA2B1, HSP90AB1, NPM1, XPO1, HNRNPC, NCL, EEF1A1, and HSPD1 genes and \"Regulation of oxidative stress-induced cell death\", \"Telomere maintenance via telomere lengthening\", and \"RNA-dependent DNA biosynthetic process\" groups of biological processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 3","pages":"272-280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585211/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Insights on the Relationship Between Body Composition and COPD in Iranian Patients.","authors":"Somayeh Lookzadeh, Mansour Rezaei, Hamidreza Jamaati, Roqayeh Aliari, Mahbube Hemmati Azandaryani, Vida Mortezaee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifaceted respiratory illness with significant systemic effects, notably changes in body composition like muscle atrophy and depletion of fat-free mass (FFM). Such alterations are associated with diminished physical performance, increased exacerbation frequency, and heightened mortality. In the Middle Eastern context, the interplay between body composition and COPD severity remains inadequately explored. This study investigates the correlation between body composition and COPD severity among Iranian patients, emphasizing anthropometric markers as predictors of disease outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional analysis was conducted involving 184 COPD patients at Dr. Masih Daneshvari Hospital, Tehran. Anthropometric measurements included BMI, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), and thigh circumference. Disease severity was evaluated through spirometry and the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) dyspnea scale. Correlations between these parameters and pulmonary function (FEV1) were assessed using Spearman's correlation and regression analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Positive associations were identified between FEV1 and BMI (p=0.001), TSF (p=0.004), MUAC (p<0.001), and thigh circumference (p=0.008), indicating that greater anthropometric values predict superior lung function. Negative correlations with mMRC scores highlighted reduced dyspnea severity in participants with healthier body composition. Overweight patients exhibited better spirometric outcomes and fewer exacerbations compared to those underweight.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anthropometric indices such as BMI and MUAC are instrumental in evaluating COPD severity and guiding individualized management strategies. Further research should validate these findings across broader populations and employ advanced diagnostic tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 3","pages":"237-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione Reductase Gene Expression as Key Factors in the Glutathione System, in Oxidative Stress Pathways in Patients with COVID-19.","authors":"Abdolreza Mohamadnia, Shadi Shafaghi, Hamidreza Jamaati, Hossein Dargahi, Mohammad Bayat, Farnoosh Mohammadi, Amir Jalal Abbasi, Mehdi Kazempour Dizaji, Mahya Daustany, Mona Mohajeri Tehrani, Farnaz Ahmadi, Maryam Hajimoradi, Somayeh Lookzadeh, Maryam Sadat Mirenayat, Mohammad Varahram, Naghmeh Bahrami","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>COVID-19 emerged as a major global health challenge, rapidly spreading worldwide and affecting millions of people. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, this study aimed to address the gene expression of Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) and Glutathione Reductase at the mRNA level and specify which group is being referenced.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>RNA was extracted from blood samples of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU with severe symptoms of the disease, as well as infectious wards, with mild symptoms of COVID-19, and then cDNA was synthesized. The sequence of the designed primers was examined in the human genome sequence using BLAST software, and finally, the Real-Time RT-PCR reactions were duplicated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Glutathione Peroxidase and Glutathione Reductase markers in the peripheral blood of patients with severe and mild symptoms showed a statistically significant difference in terms of positivity (P-value <0.001). Then, the Ct of each sample was determined. The difference in the expression of markers between the two groups was calculated using \"2^{-ΔΔ<i>Ct</i>} \" and showed that the increased expression of these markers in the group of patients with severe symptoms compared to mild ones.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR), key components of the glutathione antioxidant system, may be upregulated in response to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 3","pages":"229-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron Supplementation in Anemic Patients with Cystic Fibrosis: Effects on Hematologic, Clinical, and Pulmonary Outcomes.","authors":"Soheila Hokmabadi, Maryam Hassanzad, Hosseinali Ghaffaripour, Fatemeh Malek, Mihan Pourabdollah, Poopak Farnia, Leila Mohammadpour-Belvirdy, Ali Akbar Velayati","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive multisystem disorder frequently complicated by anemia. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical, laboratory, radiological, and functional outcomes of oral iron therapy in anemic patients with CF.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this interventional before-after study, 340 patients with confirmed CF were screened for anemia. Twenty-two patients met the diagnostic criteria for anemia, and 15 completed the study and were included in the final analysis. Participants received oral ferrous sulfate at a dose of 4-6 mg/kg/day (maximum 150 mg/day) for 6-8 weeks. Demographic characteristics, CBC, iron profile, inflammatory markers, pulmonary function tests, sputum culture, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings, and Shwachman-Kulczycki scores were evaluated before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of anemia among patients with CF was 6.47% (22/340). The mean age of participants was 18.8±1.24 years, and 53.3% were male. Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels increased significantly following treatment, with the greatest improvement observed among patients with combined iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and anemia of chronic inflammation (ACI) (p=0.007 and p=0.014, respectively). Serum iron levels also increased significantly after treatment (p=0.040). No significant changes were observed in pulmonary function indices, sputum culture results, or HRCT findings. Physical examination scores within the Shwachman-Kulczycki assessment improved significantly in the IDA+ACI group (p=0.039). Hemoglobin and ferritin levels showed significant direct and inverse correlations with the total Shwachman-Kulczycki score, respectively (p=0.003 and p=0.015).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Short-term oral ferrous sulfate therapy improved hematologic and selected clinical outcomes in anemic CF patients without evidence of worsening pulmonary infection or respiratory status. Accurate identification of anemia etiology and appropriate management may improve patient outcomes, although longer-term follow-up studies are warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 3","pages":"261-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persons at High-Risk and Low-Risk for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results from the BOLD Study in Iran.","authors":"Hooman Sharifi, Makan Sadr, Maryam Akhtari, Maryam Tavanarezaei, Zahra Hesami, Alireza Eslaminejad, Mostafa Ghanei","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, heterogeneous, and largely preventable respiratory condition that is frequently undiagnosed until advanced stages. We estimated the prevalence of COPD risk categories in Iran and examined factors associated with high-risk status.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A population-based survey using stratified cluster sampling was conducted in five major Iranian provinces, representing approximately 36% of the national population. Non-institutionalized adults aged ≥18 years completed standardized questionnaires, SF-12 health-related quality-of-life assessments, and pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry under the tailored Burden of Lung Disease protocol. Participants were classified as diagnosed COPD (DN), high risk (HR; ≥10 years of tobacco use plus ≥1 respiratory symptom), or low risk (LR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 533 participants (mean age, 53.2 ± 1.83 years; 43.9% men), 5.0% (95% CI: 3.17-6.83) had diagnosed COPD, 13.2% (95% CI: 12.92-13.48) were high risk, and 81.8% (95% CI: 78.55-85.05) were low risk. Dyspnea on exertion (43.6%), productive cough (27.1%), and frequent shortness of breath (32.1%) were common and occurred more frequently in DN and HR groups. High-risk status was more prevalent among men, current smokers, and adults aged >45 years. Tobacco use for ≥10 years was strongly associated with HR classification. Smoking patterns and symptom burden varied substantially across provinces. DN and HR participants had significantly poorer SF-12 physical and mental health scores than LR participants (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A substantial proportion of Iranian adults are at high risk for COPD, indicating an important burden of potentially undiagnosed disease. Targeted screening, smoking-cessation initiatives, and earlier primary-care intervention may improve COPD detection and prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":22247,"journal":{"name":"Tanaffos","volume":"24 3","pages":"252-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13585154/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}