Sustainable Materials and Technologies最新文献

{"title":"Systematic study on synthesis and characterization of lithium manganese oxides for direct lithium extraction from natural brines","authors":"Eva Carolina Arrua ,&nbsp;Giselle Bedogni ,&nbsp;Jhonny Villarroel-Rocha ,&nbsp;Kiara Montiel-Centeno ,&nbsp;Karim Sapag ,&nbsp;Victoria Flexer","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lithium recovery from natural sources such as continental brines is an alternative to reaching high lithium demands. However, the current evaporitic technology is recognized for its techno-economic disadvantages and negative environmental impacts. Lithium manganese oxides were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated in this work regarding their capacity for selective lithium recovery from natural brine through adsorption. Two synthetic methodologies were assessed, a solid-state synthesis and a hydrothermal method, and the conditions of formulations were modified to prepare 13 different lithium manganese oxides with very high lithium recovery capacity. The formulated sub-micrometer sized particles showed diameters ranging from 149 nm to particles of about 1500 nm. Several lithium manganese oxide ion sieves were obtained from different Li:Mn ratios of precursors: LiMn₂O₄, Li_1.33Mn_1.67O₄, and Li_1.6Mn_1.6O₄. Lithium adsorption capacity showed significant differences depending on the chemical structure, but especially on the particle size of the adsorbent, with some influence of the mesoporosity. The maximum lithium recovery capacity was 35.4 mg_Li/g_HMO when Li_1.6Mn_1.6O₄ of 317 nm or 166 nm was used. The cyclability showed a high dependence on particle size. The general trend is that the adsorption capacity is more significant when particle size is smaller. All lithium-ion sieves showed high lithium selectivity in complex media, such as natural brine. Mn was not detected in neither the lithium deprived brine, nor in the HCl recovery solution, which was attributed to the room temperature and the neutral pH of the adsorption tests, as compared with previous studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01420"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2D Janus transition metal dichalcogenides: Contact nature engineered optical and catalytic properties","authors":"Karma J. Lepcha ,&nbsp;Ziqi Sun ,&nbsp;Ting Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deliberate manipulation of the atomic types and geometry of two-dimensional materials in contact, can profoundly alter their physical, chemical, and electronic properties. In this paper, we investigated the impact of interface coupling pattern and distance on the electronic, optical, and catalytic properties of 2D Janus Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) bilayers MXY (M = Mo, W; X, Y = S, Se, Te). Our findings reveal that the bandgap of TMDs can be easily narrowed extensively by breaking their inversion symmetry, either by changing the nature of atoms to larger size or by adopting the coupling configurations with non-identical atoms facing each other. Additionally, interfacial coupling pattern and distance turn out to be more practical strategies to alter the optical response of Janus TMD compared to simply changing the atomic type on Janus end. By reducing the interlayer distance, there is a redshift and splitting of absorption peaks in TMD bilayers as a result of symmetry breaking and lifting of the degeneracy of electronic states. Strikingly, the energy cost needed to initiate water splitting in the oxygen evolution reaction lowers by reducing the interlayer distance compromised by increasing limiting potential. The interlayer distance for an optimum catalytic OER cycle on the 2H-MoSSe Janus bilayer was around 3.5 Å. The hydrogen evolution reaction is more likely to occur on the S surface of Janus 2H-MoSSe in an alkaline medium. Decreasing the interlayer distance lowers the energy barrier for H₂O destabilization and facilitates easier H₂ desorption from the active site during HER. These findings underscore the importance of engineering interface coupling pattern and distance in advancing the application of Janus TMDs in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01414"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143902153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of morphology and hierarchically porous properties of NiO-loaded chicken feather activated carbon composites on catalytic activity towards chromenes synthesis","authors":"Rajendran Lakshmi Priya,&nbsp;Sundaram Ganesh Babu","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing a wide range of nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticle assorted morphologies, including fluffy sphere and hexagonal sheets, solid smooth sphere, and caterpillar-like nanoparticles, through precise engineering. The catalytic activity of tunned morphologies of NiO is compared for multicomponent condensation reactions of 4<em>H</em>-chromenes synthesis. The catalytic activity order is as follows: fluffy sphere &gt; solid smooth sphere &gt; hexagonal sheets &gt; caterpillar shape of NiO. The results confirm that the catalytic activity is significantly influenced by the shape effect, which plays a predominant role. Besides, the biomass waste-activated carbon is used as a support and is produced from the Leghorn chicken feathers rachis. This biomass-waste chicken feather-activated carbon (CFAC) serves as a low-cost support material for the decoration of nickel oxide and reduces metal loading. The fluffy sphere NiO decorated on CFAC is prepared via the simple ultrasonic-assisted method. The catalytic performances are analyzed through the multicomponent reactions of different substituted aldehydes, 5,5-dimethylcyclohexanone, and malononitrile in a green solvent to form 4<em>H</em>-chromenes with the highest conversion of 90–99 % within 10–30 min. A meager amount (150 ppb) of Ni is found in the reaction mixture by ICP-OES analysis, which reveals the heterogeneous nature of the catalyst. Additionally, the nanocomposites are reused for up to 6 cycles without significant loss in activity. The 0.03 mmol of 15 wt% FS-NiO loaded CFAC catalyst is used effectively for the bulk-scale synthesis of chromene. This methodology offers several key benefits, including straightforward work-up, cost efficiency, non-toxicity, and environmentally friendly conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01417"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143894772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reinforced monomaterial polyhydroxyalkanoates for sustainable packaging and piezoelectric applications","authors":"Pejman Heidarian ,&nbsp;Shazed Aziz ,&nbsp;Peter Halley ,&nbsp;Tony McNally ,&nbsp;Ton Peijs ,&nbsp;Luigi-Jules Vandi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Mokhtari ,&nbsp;Russell J. Varley","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are environmentally friendly and biodegradable alternatives to petroleum-based plastics derived from bacteria, that decompose under ambient conditions. However, commonly used short chain length (SCL) PHAs, in particular, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-<em>co</em>-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), tend to be rigid and brittle inhibiting their wider usage. To address this, self-reinforced PHA monomaterial films, varying only by the comonomers in their backbone structure, were prepared using both electrospinning and electrospraying techniques. PHBV, a SCL-PHA, was electrospun as the highly crystalline fiber phase, while poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-<em>co</em>-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBH), a medium-chain-length (MCL) PHA, was electrosprayed as the flexible low crystalline matrix phase. The resulting self-reinforced PHA monomaterial films were annealed below the melting point of PHBV to improve fiber matrix adhesion and increase mechanical properties. These self-reinforced PHA monomaterial films were then characterized to assess their suitability for sustainable packaging and piezoelectric applications, showing promising results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01419"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spherical mesoporous NiCo2O4@SrFe12O19 nanocomposites decorated on reduced graphene oxide for efficient electromagnetic shielding performance","authors":"Ritu Chahal ,&nbsp;Shivani Sheoran ,&nbsp;Sajjan Dahiya ,&nbsp;Rajesh Punia ,&nbsp;A.S. Maan ,&nbsp;Kuldeep Singh ,&nbsp;I.M. Ashraf ,&nbsp;Mohd Shkir ,&nbsp;Anil Ohlan","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic waves present serious health risks and can disrupt the operation of electronic devices in today's world. A practical solution to this issue is to develop composite materials that serve as effective shields against electromagnetic (EM) radiation. Optimizing the morphology of these materials is a key strategy for improving their ability to effectively shield/absorb electromagnetic radiation. Herein, we fabricate spherical mesoporous composites (NRSF) consisting of bud-shaped nickel cobaltite (NiCo₂O₄) decorated on strontium ferrite (SrFe₁₂O₁₉) grafted within the layers of reduced graphene oxide (RGO). The hydrothermal reaction aided by sodium tartrate, which acts as a structure-directing agent, has been used. The BET results confirmed that the NRSF2 sample having NiCo₂O₄: RGO: SrFe₁₂O₁₉ in a 1:1:2 weight ratio exhibits a mesoporous assembly with a specific surface area of 30.2 m²/g and a pore diameter of 4.8 nm. The maximum shielding effectiveness (SE) of NRSF2 is achieved as 53.91 dB (&gt;99.999 % attenuation) in the Ku-band which is significantly larger as compared to SE achieved for pristine NiCo₂O₄. The considerable enhancement of shielding effectiveness (SE) in composite material is accredited to the synergistic effect of nickel cobaltite and RGO because of their conducting and dielectric properties. In addition, the strontium ferrite contributed due to its lossy nature and the overall porous morphology of the composite leading to multiple internal scattering of radiation and more defect sites linked to dipolar polarisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01416"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rational design of supra-aggregation g-C3N4 in heterojunction with tungsten disulfide for enhanced photocatalytic water splitting via visible light","authors":"Junsheng Ye ,&nbsp;Takudzwa Keith Banda ,&nbsp;Ming Liu ,&nbsp;Norah A. Albassami ,&nbsp;Pengfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zeeshan Ajmal ,&nbsp;Saleem Raza ,&nbsp;Hamid Ali ,&nbsp;Asma M. Alenad ,&nbsp;Ehsan Ghasali ,&nbsp;Asif Hayat ,&nbsp;Sheng-Rong Guo ,&nbsp;Yasin Orooji","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) has emerged as a promising metal-free photocatalyst, yet its photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (HER) efficiency remains limited due to rapid charge recombination and insufficient visible-light absorption. In this study, a supramolecular preorganization strategy using cyanuric acid-modified urea (UCA) was used, followed by heterojunction formation with tungsten disulfide (WS₂) to enhance charge separation and light absorption. The optimized UCA/WS₂ composite exhibited a remarkable HER rate of 81.9 μmol·h⁻¹ under visible light (λ = 420 nm), which is 9 times higher than that of pristine g-C₃N₄ (CN = 8.5 μmol·h⁻¹). This improvement is attributed to the extended conjugation, increased surface area, and reduced charge recombination. This work provides a cost-effective and scalable strategy for designing high-performance g-C₃N₄-based photocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01415"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143899329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing polymetallic nanohybrids from waste for unrivaled fluoride and phosphorus capture","authors":"Lei Han ,&nbsp;Tianyang Wang ,&nbsp;Jinfang Wu ,&nbsp;Lijian Du ,&nbsp;Zhuoying Shan ,&nbsp;Zexu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yue Yin ,&nbsp;Wenbo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phosphorus and fluoride pollution pose significant ecological and health risks. The efficient removal of these pollutants is hindered by a lack of low-cost, high-performance adsorbents that do not rely on rare earth elements. To address this challenge, we developed polymetallic nanohybrid adsorbents using an ion coupling engineering approach through pH-induced precipitation of Mg, Al, Ca, and other metals from nanoclay acid-leaching waste liquid. The multi-metal active sites, primarily composed of Mg-Al-Ca, render the adsorbent highly efficient in capturing phosphorus and fluoride, achieving remarkable adsorption capacities of 267 mgP/g and 344 mgF/g, respectively. With a minimal adsorbent dosage of just 1 g/L, over 99 % of phosphorus and 90 % of fluoride can be removed from initial solutions with concentrations of 200 mg/L, outperforming commercial adsorbents such as activated carbon. In complex natural waters, like Yellow River water and seawater, the adsorbent effectively removes more than 99.98 % of phosphorus and 97 % of fluoride. The adsorbent remains effective for at least four cycles, maintaining a phosphorus removal rate above 99.9 % and a fluoride adsorption capacity of 101 mgF/g. This enhanced performance is attributed to electrostatic attraction, ligand exchange, and complexation between active sites and adsorbates, significantly improving mass transfer efficiency. This method not only facilitates the harmless treatment of acidic waste liquids but also recovers abandoned metal ions, converting them into reusable materials. It supports the overarching goal of “turning waste into materials” for effective wastewater decontamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01418"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of slag leachability in support of slag recycling: Development of experimental methodology","authors":"Igor Babaian ,&nbsp;Jiang (Jeff) Chen,&nbsp;Maksym Shevchenko,&nbsp;Denis Shishin,&nbsp;Evgueni Jak","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While the amount of metallurgical slag grows rapidly, its recycling has great potential. Main concern associated with the use of slags in various applications is their susceptibility to natural leaching. Characterisation and prediction of the leaching phenomena are essential to minimize the environmental impact of the slag recycling. The current study focuses on fundamentals of leaching behaviour of synthetic amorphous slags with the CaO-“FeO”-MgO-SiO₂ matrix with heavy elements Pb and Cu, added to imitate the common impurities in the copper and lead smelting slags. The original experimental methodology has been developed with an aim to derive the mechanisms of the reactions between slag and aqueous solution. It consists of high-temperature slag synthesis and quenching, bulk leaching or macro leaching type of experiments, and micro-leaching experiments investigating controlled leachability of well characterised surface, followed by characterisation using advanced analytical methods including high-resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis (EPMA), Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy (ICP-MS), Focus Ion Beam (FIB) sample preparation, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS). Leachability of Fe, Mg, Si, Pb and Cu was investigated and analysed. The effect of pH on the slag leachability kinetics has been established. Initial results show the formation of altered layer of approximately 300 nm thickness on the surface of the amorphous slag subjected to leaching in acidic conditions, which is an important finding for further modelling of leaching process combining thermodynamics and kinetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01409"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable bio-based polyurethane coating with integrated corrosion resistance and antifouling functions","authors":"Zhenhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiyong Zheng ,&nbsp;Rongrong Chen ,&nbsp;Rumin Li ,&nbsp;Jing Yu ,&nbsp;Qi Liu ,&nbsp;Jiahui Zhu ,&nbsp;Gaohui Sun ,&nbsp;Jingyuan Liu ,&nbsp;Jun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01406","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01406","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To meet the comprehensive requirements for anticorrosion and antifouling in marine engineering equipment, a combination of primer, connecting paint and topcoat is typically employed. This multilayer protective system must not only address the challenges of layered application but also resolve the compatibility issues between coatings at each level. Consequently, the development of an integrated protective coating that possesses both anticorrosion and antifouling properties represents a new trend. This work reports the use of castor oil fatty amide (CFA) polyol modified silicon-based polyurethane coating (PPMC-x) to improve its marine corrosion resistance and anti-fouling performance. The long alkyl chains and trihydroxy crosslinking sites of CFA reduce the surface energy of the polyurethane coating and enhance its crosslinking density, which helps inhibit marine fouling adhesion and infiltration of corrosive media. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) shows that CFA significantly improves the corrosion resistance of the polyurethane coating. For PPMC-7, its low-frequency impedance modulus (|Z| _0.01Hz) remains at 1.5 × 10⁹ Ω·cm² after 40 days. The coating has effective antifouling properties against two different scales of fouling organisms: diatoms and mussels. The polyurethane coating prepared from biomass materials has significant effectiveness in inhibiting corrosion and preventing the adhesion of biological fouling. This work provides a theoretical foundation for the sustainable development of ship protective coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01406"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Random vibration impact and fatigue life analyses of aluminium tubes in latent heat thermal energy storage systems on refrigerated trucks","authors":"Soheila Riahi ,&nbsp;Michael Evans ,&nbsp;Patrick Keane ,&nbsp;Frank Bruno","doi":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.susmat.2025.e01412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Energy storage systems are paramount in enabling progress towards a zero-emission future. The structural integrity of a latent heat thermal energy storage system for transport of refrigerated food has been investigated for the first time. Fatigue failure is a critical issue for tubes made from aluminium alloys containing phase change material at low temperatures, due to random vibration loads induced by trucks moving on rough roads. Random vibration fatigue life analysis was conducted for tubes with nominal diameters of 50 mm and 32 mm, and thicknesses of either 1.6 mm and 3 mm, using ANSYS Mechanical. The results of the modal analyses showed that the natural frequencies of the tube-PCM systems are higher than 136 Hz. This is outside the frequency domain induced by driving on rough roads, which is between 1 and 100 Hz. Tube-PCM behaves as one solid body when filled with PCM and it is bonded to tube wall resulting in balanced deformation and stress on both sides of a middle support. However, tube filled partly with PCM bonded to tube wall showed an unbalanced distribution of stress concentrated to the side with confined PCM. During cyclic melting and solidification processes, contact between tube and PCM changes where PCM can slide or form a gap. This reduces the maximum stress while still unbalanced between the two sides of tube with and without confined PCM. Tube-PCM with larger ratio of diameter to thickness (Di/t) are more sensitive to contact type, for instance tube diameter of 50 mm and 1.6 thickness compared with tube 32 mm and 3 mm thickness with no sensitivity. The minimum fatigue life was found 2.6 million hours for tube-PCM size 50 mm with 1.6 mm tube thickness. This was assuming a full cycle with minimum to maximum stress ratio equal to one. The lifetime reduced to 2.8 million hours under random vibration cycles with stress ratio equal to 0.5. These results indicate that aluminium tube sizes of 50 and 32 mm with a thickness of 1.6 mm are satisfactory for an expected life of 20 years. Aluminium is well-suited for thermal energy storage in refrigeration due to its low density, excellent corrosion resistance, and high thermal conductivity. The optimal size and thickness depend on the expected lifetime and specific design criteria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":22097,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Materials and Technologies","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article e01412"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}