Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Al Muhalab Bin Aby Sufra Hall, Ibri, Oman, 16 September 2024.","authors":"","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/2075-0528.2862","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"485-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coexisting Dual Mechanisms of Ischaemic Stroke: <i>Frequency and outcomes in a university hospital-based stroke registry</i>.","authors":"Arunodaya R Gujjar, Darshan Lal, Sunil Kumar, Shyam S Ganguly, Sameer Raniga, Faizal Al-Azri, Abdullah Rashid Al-Asmi","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2833","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Ischaemic stroke (IS) is a heterogeneous condition with varied mechanisms. Some patients have more than 1 stroke mechanism coexisting, irrespective of the mechanism of the incident stroke.~This study aimed to examine the association of coexisting dual stroke mechanisms among IS patients with risk factors and clinical outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included adult patients with IS diagnosed using the TOAST criteria in Sultan Qaboos University Hospital's stroke registry who were admitted and treated from January 2011 to December 2020. The records were reviewed for the presence of dual IS mechanisms (combinations involving small vessel disease [SVD], cardioembolism [CE] or large artery atherosclerosis [LA]). Outcomes were classified as modified Rankin score (mRS) = 0-3 (favourable) or mRS = 4-6 (poor). Univariate and multivariate methods of analysis were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1,220 patients with IS (age = 64 ± 13 years; male:female = 63:37), 177 (14.5%) had an additional mechanism of stroke. The most common second mechanism was SVD (53.1%), while CE stroke (23.7%) and LA stroke (23.2%) were similar in frequency. Patients with dual stroke mechanisms were significantly older (<i>P</i> <0.001), had a higher frequency of conventional risk factors (<i>P</i> <0.007), abnormal brain magnetic resonance imaging (<i>P</i> = 0.004) and worse outcomes (<i>P</i> = 0.058). Poor outcomes at hospital discharge or 12-month follow-up were independently associated with older age (<i>P</i> = 0.007), female gender (<i>P</i> = 0.017), poor sensorium (<i>P</i> <0.001) and type of primary stroke (<i>P</i> <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Up to 1 in 7 patients with IS may have an additional mechanism of stroke. Such patients are likely older, with poorly controlled risk factors, worse sensorium and possibly worse outcomes. SVD is the most common additional stroke mechanism. Studies to explore the influence of dual stroke mechanisms on outcomes, as well as strategies for secondary prevention, are indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"200-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240030/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurturing the Future: <i>Understanding maternal knowledge of child development in Oman</i>.","authors":"Watfa Al-Mamari, Ahmed B Idris, Saquib Jalees, Muna Al-Jabri, Mohammed A Mirghani, Dina Al Khalili, Asila Al Yarubi, Jamana Al Zadjali, Zahra Al Lawati, Ayat Al Lawati, Ahmed Al Saidi, Kamila Al Alawi, Sathiya Murthi, Wafa S Al-Maamari","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2845","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine the knowledge of Omani women of childbearing age concerning infant developmental care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 1,006 Omani women of childbearing age, recruited from outpatient clinics at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (response rate = 71%). Their knowledge was evaluated using the Knowledge of Infant Development Inventory (KIDI), a validated self-report questionnaire. The KIDI scores were analysed to identify associations with demographic variables such as women's age, education level, employment status and number of children. Data were collected from June 2023 to October 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participating women was 31.6 ± 8.4 years. The majority were from Muscat (49.6%), with over half holding bachelor's degrees (57.1%) and 39% being employed. The mean correct response rate for KIDI was 0.63 ± 0.11, suggesting that, on average, the women answered 63% of the questions accurately. Higher education levels and employment status were significantly associated with better knowledge scores (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Misconceptions were prevalent in areas such as infant sensory capabilities and developmental milestones.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings reveal significant gaps in knowledge regarding child development among Omani women, particularly those with lower levels of educational attainment. Targeted educational interventions are needed to enhance maternal knowledge and support child development in Oman.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"352-362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244243/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psoriasis Presenting as Koebner Phenomena.","authors":"Zamzam Al Qutaiti, Ayida Al Khalili, Asem Shalaby","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2844","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2844","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"349-351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chondromyxoid Fibroma of Phalanges.","authors":"Lubna S Khan, Sifa Farheen, Vijay K Pandey, Vinay P Singh, Manoj G Madakshira","doi":"10.18295/squmj.10.2024.068","DOIUrl":"10.18295/squmj.10.2024.068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chondromyxoid fibroma (CMF) is a rare, benign metaphyseal bone tumour characterised by a combination of chondroid, myxoid, and fibrous elements. It can affect any bone at any age, with no gender predilection. We report a case of CMF in a 47-year-old female patient who presented with swelling of the left little finger at a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India, in 2024. Imaging revealed a lobulated lesion originating from the middle phalanx of the left little finger, extending to involve the base of the distal phalanx. Fine needle aspiration cytology indicated a moderately cellular myxoid lesion. Histopathology, which remains crucial for diagnosis, showed a lobulated tumour with zones of spindle to stellate cells, associated with an abundant myxoid and chondroid matrix in the intercellular spaces. Treatment involves complete local excision with tumour-free margins, as recurrence may occur with local curettage.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12255334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Urine Culture Contamination in a Primary Care Outpatient Setting in Muscat, Oman: <i>A retrospective cross-sectional study</i>.","authors":"Rahma Al Hadhrami, Asma A Al Salmani, Abeer Al Houdar, Janit Francinilla, Abeer Albalushi, Buthaina Al Maskari","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2853","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of urine culture contamination, determine related factors and identify the most prevalent uropathogens among samples collected from outpatients attending a primary healthcare setting in Muscat, Oman.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2022 to July 2023 at the primary health clinic of Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. All urine cultures requested by physicians for ambulatory outpatients who attended the clinic during the study period were included. Collected urine samples underwent microbiological analysis, with positive cultures defined as significant growth of ≥10⁵ colony forming unit (CFU)/mL. Samples exhibiting 2 organisms growing at 10⁴ CFU/mL or 1 organism at 10⁴ CFU/mL and another at <10⁴ CFU/mL were considered potentially contaminated, as were samples showing the isolation of 3 or more organisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 775 urine cultures were analysed. Of these, 72.8% demonstrated no growth, 10.7% exhibited significant growth and 16.5% showed mixed growth, which may indicate possible contamination. Significant correlations were identified between positive culture growth and the patient's gender, symptoms and pregnancy status (<i>P</i> < 0.05 each). <i>Escherichia coli</i> (56.6%) and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> (12.0%) were the most frequently identified bacteria in positive cultures. Antibiotics were prescribed for 17.8% of patients, primarily empirically (79.7%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified a significant rate of urine culture contamination among outpatients attending a primary care setting in Muscat. These findings underscore the importance of proper urine sample collection techniques and judicious antibiotic prescribing practices to optimise patient care, minimise unnecessary resource utilisation and reduce the likelihood of antimicrobial resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"430-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Post-Pericardial Resection: <i>Magnificent Imaging of Extensive Residual Pericardial Calcification and Impressive Mitral Valve Thickening</i>.","authors":"Omar Al Taei, Abdullah Al Ismaili","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2836","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2836","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"303-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Marvels of 3D Echo: <i>Illuminating prosthetic mitral valve dehiscence through 3D transillumination</i>.","authors":"Sheeraz Ahmad, Muhammad A Sadiq, Jai Parkash, Ahmad Kamal, Abdullah Al Ismaili, Fahad Al Kindi","doi":"10.18295/squmj.10.2024.061","DOIUrl":"10.18295/squmj.10.2024.061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"296-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Hormonal and Non-Hormonal Vaginal Gel Preparations on the Female Sexual Satisfaction Index in Postmenopausal Women with Sexual Dysfunction Syndrome: <i>A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis</i>.","authors":"Ahmed Soliman, Hanaa Alrashidi, Mohamed A Mohamed, Reem Ghorab, Nihal Al Riyami, Ahmed S A Ashour, Yasmine A Mohammed, Ahmed H Saad","doi":"10.18295/squmj.6.2024.00","DOIUrl":"10.18295/squmj.6.2024.00","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of vaginal gel preparations versus placebo in postmenopausal women with sexual dysfunction syndrome. Searches of electronic databases from inception to January 2023 identified 8 trials (N = 672) that reported the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and compared hormonal (oestrogen, oxytocin) and/or non-hormonal (chamomile, fennel) interventions against placebo. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess studies' quality. The vaginal gel group had a significantly higher total FSFI endpoint score (mean difference [MD] = 6.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.79-9.55; <i>P</i> < 0.001) than placebo. Non-hormonal gels exhibited a greater FSFI total score (MD = 6.73, 95% CI: 4.7-8.76; <i>P</i> < 0.001) than hormonal gels (MD = 2.75, 95% CI: 1.87-3.64; <i>P</i> < 0.001), positively impacting all FSFI domains. These findings indicate that chamomile and fennel vaginal gels may improve the overall FSFI 6 domains score, reflecting enhancements in postmenopausal women's sexual activity and satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"17-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244233/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Applications in Decision-Making for Disease Management: <i>A scoping review</i>.","authors":"Mohammadhiwa Abdekhoda, Fatemeh R Madiseh","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2855","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) has several potential applications in medicine, creating opportunities for reliable and evidence-based decision-making in disease management. To explore the practical aspects of AI in decision-making, this scoping review was conducted to identify AI applications in disease management using the PRISMA-ScR checklist. Data collection involved searching relevant keywords in Web of Science and Scopus databases in May 2023. Eligibility criteria for study inclusion and exclusion were established, and the review process adhered to the PRISMA-ScR checklist. A total of 80 extracted sub-themes were identified and categorised into 6 main themes: data processing and management, characterisation and analysis, prediction and risk stratification, screening, prognosis and diagnosis. The application of AI can enhance the reliability and confidence in medical decision-making, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of medical interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"441-449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}