Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal最新文献_第10页

Magnitude and Determinants of Awareness and Practice Regarding Refractive Surgeries Including Laser Procedures among Saudi Adults 沙特成人对包括激光手术在内的屈光手术的认识和实践的程度和决定因素

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.10.2023.060

Reem AlHuthail, Dalal AlEssa, Amani Abualnaja, Shuruq AlKhalaf, Nadeef AlQahtani, Yara AlDosari, Jood AlNojaidi, Dalal AlDosari, Shahad AlRuwaili

{"title":"Magnitude and Determinants of Awareness and Practice Regarding Refractive Surgeries Including Laser Procedures among Saudi Adults","authors":"Reem AlHuthail, Dalal AlEssa, Amani Abualnaja, Shuruq AlKhalaf, Nadeef AlQahtani, Yara AlDosari, Jood AlNojaidi, Dalal AlDosari, Shahad AlRuwaili","doi":"10.18295/squmj.10.2023.060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.10.2023.060","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To present the magnitude and determinants of awareness about refractive surgery among the adult Saudi population and recommend improving their knowledge. Methods: This used a web-based cross-sectional survey of the adult Saudi population held in 2020–2021. Eleven close-ended questions related to indication, contraindication, preparation, and surgery procedures were asked. The awareness score was grouped as 6 or more for good and 5 or less for poor. Demographic and ocular parameters were associated with the outcomes. Results: Among the 6,746 participants, 6,580 (97.5%) completed the survey. The participation of younger women and older man was more than their proportions in the population, and older women participated less than their proportion in the population. Good awareness about refractive surgery was noted in 1,165 (17.7%; 95% confidence interval 16.2; 18.0) adult Saudi participants. Women (P<0.001), 15–29 ages group (P<0.001), residents in the central region (P <0.001), health professionals (P <0.001), health sector students (P = 0.0004), people with myopia (P <0.001), and history of refractive surgery (P <0.001) were associated with good awareness. Women (Adjusted Odd’s Ratio = 1.5, P <0.001), health sector students (Adj OR 1.57, P <0.001), and residents in the central region (Adj OR = 1.27, P <0.001) were independent predictors of awareness. Information about contraindications for surgery was good in more than one-third of participants. Of the 535 participants who underwent operation in the past, 452 (84.5%) were satisfied with the refractive surgery. Conclusions: Awareness of refractive surgeries was low in the adult Saudi population. Targeted counseling is recommended to improve the knowledge and acceptance of refractive surgery. KEYWORDS: Refractive surgeries, Awareness, web-based survey, LASIK, Refractive errors","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differential Gene Expression Profiles in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients from Kurdistan, Iraq 伊拉克库尔德斯坦地区炎症性肠病患者的差异基因表达谱

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.10.2023.061

Blnd Ibrahim Mohammed, Bushra K Amin

{"title":"Differential Gene Expression Profiles in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients from Kurdistan, Iraq","authors":"Blnd Ibrahim Mohammed, Bushra K Amin","doi":"10.18295/squmj.10.2023.061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.10.2023.061","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease, generally comprising Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), has become a significant global public health concern in the last decade. The present study aimed to determine the alterations of the whole genomic expression profile among patients with inflammatory bowel disease. This study was conducted to provide the expression profile of IBD patients for the first time in this geographic location, as there are very few articles in the literature addressing this specific aspect. Methods: A study conducted in Erbil province, Kurdistan region of Iraq, from July 2021 to July 2022 compared the genome expression profiles of 10 patients with inflammatory bowel diseases to their matched controls. The sequences used in the design of this array were selected from GenBank®, dbEST, and RefSeq, Whole blood RNA extracted and hybridization on GeneChip® human genome U133A 2.0. The Scanner 3000 was used for the scanning high-resolution image and operating software (GCOS) was used for reading the results. Results: Shared upregulated genes between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) were (RIT2, BCL2L1, MDM2, and FKBP8) while shared downregulated genes were (NFKBIB, DDX24, and RASA3). Conclusions: Upregulated and downregulated gene expression patterns are detected in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease, offering diagnostic potential and opportunities for treatment by targeting the associated pathways. \u0000Keywords: Crohn’s disease, Expression, Erbil, Gene, Ulcerative colitis.","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correlation between Vascularity and Advancing Histological Grades of Oral Submucous Fibrosis with a Plausible Role in Malignisation 血管状况与口腔黏膜下纤维化组织学分级的相关性及其在恶性肿瘤中的可能作用

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.10.2023.062

Deepak Pandiar, Suvarna K Nair, Ronell Bologna-Molina, Reshma P Krishnan, Naina Sivakumar, Rahul Anand, Sahil Chaudhari, Pooja Sharma

{"title":"Correlation between Vascularity and Advancing Histological Grades of Oral Submucous Fibrosis with a Plausible Role in Malignisation","authors":"Deepak Pandiar, Suvarna K Nair, Ronell Bologna-Molina, Reshma P Krishnan, Naina Sivakumar, Rahul Anand, Sahil Chaudhari, Pooja Sharma","doi":"10.18295/squmj.10.2023.062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.10.2023.062","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Recent studies showed that as the stage advances there is no significant change in the vascularity as opposed to the conventional concept, thus, the present was designed to quantify the vascularity in histological grades of OSMF and to assess if there is any connection between vasculogenesis and malignisation. Methods: A comprehensive database search was done for published articles on vascularity in oral submucous fibrosis following PRISMA guidelines without date constrains; the search was done till December 2022. The review was registered in Prospero. After screening 607 articles, a total of 13 studies were finally included for systematic evaluation. Results: A total of 607 cases were included, with a definite predilection for the male gender. 11/13 studies evaluated mean vascular density; in more than half, the vascularity decreased as the stage advanced. Similar results were obtained for endothelial cells /square μm, mean vascular area percentage & mean vascular area. Conclusion: The present review supports the prevailing concept that vascularity decreases with advancement of the stage of OSMF, denying systemic absorption of carcinogens into the circulation with resultant longer exposure of compromised epithelium and malignisation. Keywords: Malignisation; Mean Vascular Density; Oral Submucous Fibrosis; OSMF; Vascularity.","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135732548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Case Report of Chlorophyllum palaeotropicum Mushroom Poisoning 古热带吊兰菌中毒1例报告

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-10-19 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.10.2023.064

Woi H Boo, Muhamad R Zakaria, Hidayatul F Sulaiman, Hasmaizal Hassim

引用次数: 0

Managing the Adverse Events Associated with the Combination Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib Therapy in Endometrial Cancer 子宫内膜癌患者联合使用派姆单抗和Lenvatinib治疗相关不良事件的管理

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.9.2023.057

Aref Zribi, Khulood Al Riyami, Hajar S Al Zahibi, Ikram A Burney

{"title":"Managing the Adverse Events Associated with the Combination Pembrolizumab and Lenvatinib Therapy in Endometrial Cancer","authors":"Aref Zribi, Khulood Al Riyami, Hajar S Al Zahibi, Ikram A Burney","doi":"10.18295/squmj.9.2023.057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.9.2023.057","url":null,"abstract":"Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecological cancer. The combination of lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab has exhibited efficacy as the second line treatment for advanced EC, with a significant benefit in terms of progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), but the adverse effects (AE) profile is complex. AEs associated with the treatment may represent a limitation to this combination. Here, we report the case of a 38-year-old lady diagnosed with stage IV EC elsewhere, whose disease progressed after the first line of treatment, and was referred to our center in 2021. We treated her with the combination of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab. During the course of the treatment. she developed hand- foot syndrome (HFS) grade III, and hypothyroidism grade II. The AEs were managed with supportive medications, dose interruptions, dose reductions, and multidisciplinary care, which allowed us to continue the treatment. The patient achieved a good partial response, and an ongoing PFS of more than 12 months. Keywords: cancer, endometrial, lenvatinib, pembrolizumab, adverse drug events, hand foot syndrome, hypothyroidism, Oman.","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136313252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plate-Assisted Intramedullary Nailing of Distal Tibia Fractures 钢板辅助髓内钉治疗胫骨远端骨折

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.9.2023.054

Ioannis E Kougioumtzis, George D Chloros, Peyman Bakhshayesh

引用次数: 0

Prevalence, Characteristics and Determinants of Polypharmacy Among Elderly Patients Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Bahrain 在巴林初级卫生保健中心就诊的老年患者中使用多种药物的患病率、特点和决定因素

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.9.2023.052

Mahmood Alawainati, Fatima Habib, Eman Ateya, Eman Dakheel, Muneera Al-Buainain

{"title":"Prevalence, Characteristics and Determinants of Polypharmacy Among Elderly Patients Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Bahrain","authors":"Mahmood Alawainati, Fatima Habib, Eman Ateya, Eman Dakheel, Muneera Al-Buainain","doi":"10.18295/squmj.9.2023.052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.9.2023.052","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: This study aims to determine the prevalence, characteristics and determinants of polypharmacy among elderly patients in Bahrain. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the period between March and April 2022 in all primary healthcare centres in Bahrain. A simple random sample was obtained. An elderly patient was defined as a patient aged 60 years or above. In addition, polypharmacy was defined as the concomitant use of 5 medications or more and excessive polypharmacy was defined as the concomitant use of 10 medications or more. Results: A total of 977 patients were included, more than half of them were females (n=533, 54.44%) and the mean age of the participants was 67.90 ±6.87 years. Essential hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbidities among the participants (61.51%, 57.63% and 53.22%, respectively). Of the cohort, 443 were on 5 or more medications i.e., polypharmacy (45.34%), and around 7% were on at least 10 medications (n=66, 6.76%). A multivariate analysis revealed that patients with diabetes (OR=5.836, CI 4.061-8.385, P<0.001), hypertension (OR=6.231, CI= 4.235-9.168, P<0.001), hyperlipidemia (OR 3.999, 95% CI 2.756-5.802, P<0.001), cardiovascular diseases (OR 3.589, 95 CI 1.787-7.205, P<0.001) and asthma (OR 3.148, 95% CI 1.646-6.019, P<0.001) were significantly more likely to suffer from polypharmacy. Conclusion: Polypharmacy was prevalent among elderly patients in Bahrain, particularly among those with non-communicable diseases. Polypharmacy should be considered while delivering elderly healthcare services, especially in patients with non-communicable diseases. Keywords: Aged, Bahrain, Elderly, Polymorbidity, Polypharmacy.","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136313123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Frequency of Asthma Exacerbations and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Among Adult with Asthma According to Vaccination Status 成人哮喘患者哮喘加重及上呼吸道感染频率与疫苗接种状况的关系

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.9.2023.053

Zalkha Al Kharusi, Rahma Al Kalbani, Rahma Al-Hadhrami

{"title":"Frequency of Asthma Exacerbations and Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Among Adult with Asthma According to Vaccination Status","authors":"Zalkha Al Kharusi, Rahma Al Kalbani, Rahma Al-Hadhrami","doi":"10.18295/squmj.9.2023.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.9.2023.053","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Annual influenza vaccinations are recommended for patients with asthma to prevent against seasonal influenza and influenza-triggered asthma exacerbations. However, there is conflicting data as to the benefit of the influenza vaccine on the frequency of asthma exacerbations. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the effectiveness of the influenza vaccine in terms of reducing the frequency of asthma-related exacerbations and upper respiratory tract infections among adult patients with asthma. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was performed from January to December 2018 in Muscat Governorate, Oman. A total of 466 patients attending nine randomly selected primary health centres in Muscat Governorate were enrolled in the study and followed-up for one year post-vaccination. Results: Most patients were female (70.6%) and had moderate-persistent asthma (42.9%). Overall, there were 203 patients (43.6%) in the vaccinated group and 263 (56.4%) in the non-vaccinated group. A proportion of patients in each group had allergic rhinitis (28.6% and 25.5%, respectively). The frequency of upper respiratory tract infections over the one-year follow-up period was significant lower in the vaccinated group compared to the non-vaccinated group (37.9% versus 73%; relative risk [RR]: 2.299, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.834–2.882; P <0.001); however, there was no significant difference in terms of the frequency of asthma exacerbations (41.9% versus 45.2%; RR: 0.925, 95% CI: 0.750–1.141; P >0.050). Conclusion: The influenza vaccine significantly reduces the frequency of upper respiratory tract infections over the following year. However, it did not significantly reduce the frequency of asthma exacerbations among adult Omanis with asthma. Further studies are recommended to support the protective effect of the vaccine in this regard. Keywords: Influenza Vaccines; Immunization; Asthma; Upper Respiratory Tract Infections; Observational Study; Oman.","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Paediatric Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Challenges 儿童限制性心肌病-诊断和挑战

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.9.2023.055

Dalal S Husain, Niranjan P Joshi, Khalfan S Al Senaidi, Hilal Al Riyami

引用次数: 0

Appropriateness of Emergency Referrals Made by Primary Care Clinicians 初级保健临床医生急诊转诊的适当性

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal Pub Date : 2023-09-20 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.9.2023.049

Huda Anwar, Thuraiya Al Harthi, Najlaa Jaafar, Fathiya Al Shuraiqi, Nihal Afifi, Khadeeja Al Abri, Salha Al Rujaibi, Thamra Al Ghafri

{"title":"Appropriateness of Emergency Referrals Made by Primary Care Clinicians","authors":"Huda Anwar, Thuraiya Al Harthi, Najlaa Jaafar, Fathiya Al Shuraiqi, Nihal Afifi, Khadeeja Al Abri, Salha Al Rujaibi, Thamra Al Ghafri","doi":"10.18295/squmj.9.2023.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.9.2023.049","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the appropriateness of emergency referrals made by primary care clinicians and determine factors contributing to inappropriate referrals. Methods: A cross sectional study, based on referral notes review. Patients referred to Khawla Hospital emergency department by a primary care clinician in Muscat governorate were randomly selected. Referral notes were reviewed by five family physicians. Appropriateness of referrals were evaluated according to primary care referral protocol. Any referral document that deviated from the protocol was classified as inappropriate. The prevalence and characteristics of inappropriate referrals were identified. Factors contributing to inappropriate referral were determined using multivariable logistic regression. Results: A total of 591 referrals were reviewed. 354 (59.9%) were classified as inappropriate. The reason for inappropriate classification was due to inadequate medical notes 291 (82.2%), lack of provisional diagnosis 176 (49.7%), misdirected to a non-concerned emergency 30 (8.4%), misclassification of urgency in which 107 (30.2%) were urgent and 45 (12.7%) were routine. After adjusting for multiple variables, insufficient clinical notes, unavailability of referral guidelines, and lack of expertise were strong determinants of inappropriate referral with odds ratio 62.52 (95% CI: 32.04 - 121.96), 2.88 (95% CI: 1.40 – 5.92), and 9.37 (95% CI: 4.09 – 21.43), respectively. Conclusion: While most referrals made by primary care clinicians required emergency management, the majority were identified as inappropriate and that was mainly due to insufficient clinical documentation. Inadequate clinical notes, lack of national guidelines and expertise were found to be strong predictors for inappropriate emergency referrals. Keywords: Referral and consultation, hospital referral; emergency; primary care; physicians; documentation; records; guidelines.","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136308047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0