Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the Marvels of 3D Echo: <i>Illuminating prosthetic mitral valve dehiscence through 3D transillumination</i>.","authors":"Sheeraz Ahmad, Muhammad A Sadiq, Jai Parkash, Ahmad Kamal, Abdullah Al Ismaili, Fahad Al Kindi","doi":"10.18295/squmj.10.2024.061","DOIUrl":"10.18295/squmj.10.2024.061","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"296-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology, Risk Factors and Clinical Outcome of Candidaemia: <i>A decade-long experience at a university hospital in Oman</i>.","authors":"Tasneem Al Salmani, Asmaa S Mahdi, Abdullah Balkhair, Turkiya Al Siyabi, Hashim Ba Wazir","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2832","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to examine a decade-long epidemiology of candidaemia to explore the risk factors associated with it, and describe its clinical outcomes in hospitalised adult patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study was conducted at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman. Adult patients with candidaemia hospitalised between January 2007 and December 2016 were included. The hospital infection control department surveillance registry on bloodstream infections (BSIs) was used to identify <i>Candida</i> BSIs. Patients' electronic medical records were searched for demographic characteristics, clinical risk factors and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>Candida albicans</i> was the most common <i>Candida</i> species among 152 patients with candidaemia comprising 25.0% of all <i>Candida</i> blood culture isolates. <i>Nakaseomyces glabrata</i>, <i>C. tropicalis</i> and <i>C. parapsilosis</i> were the most frequently isolated non-<i>albicans</i> species. Past antibiotics use, presence of central venous catheters, intensive care unit admission, diabetes mellitus, sickle cell disease and solid cancer were the most commonly identified underlying risk factors for candidaemia. A total of 30 days' all-cause mortality was 53.3% among all patients with candidaemia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study found an increasing trend of non-<i>albicans Candida.</i> Diabetes was the most identified risk factor for candidaemia. A relatively low rate of initiation of empirical antifungal therapy in at-risk patients was found. Unacceptably high mortality rates and prolonged hospital stay of patients with candidaemia are a call for action.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"233-241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12240031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: Meniscal Ossicle.","authors":"Vitorino Modesto Dos Santos, Andressa Plaça Tedeschi","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2882","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2882","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"598-599"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12293514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ear Health, Care Practices, and Hearing Loss on Academic Performance among Male Adolescents in Residential Schools: <i>A cross-sectional study in Eastern India</i>.","authors":"Sumeet Angral, Bijit Biswas, Ksbs Krishna Sasanka, Gulistan Bano","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.6872","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.6872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between ear health, ear care practices, and academic performance among male adolescents in residential schools.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted among 684 male adolescents residing in residential schools in Deoghar, Jharkhand, India, during World Hearing Day 2023. Data were collected on socio-demographic characteristics, ear care practices, and academic performance. Comprehensive ear examinations and pure tone audiometry were performed to assess ear morbidity and hearing thresholds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ear morbidity was identified in 43% of participants, with bilateral involvement in 85% of these cases. Ear-related symptoms were reported by 26.3% of participants, including ear pain (46.1%) and hearing difficulty (37.2%). Chronic ear morbidity was present in 36.5% of the cohort. Hearing loss was detected in 5% of participants, with 4.6% experiencing mild and 0.4% moderate hearing loss; among these, 74.1% had bilateral involvement. Self-ear cleaning was commonly practiced (93%), predominantly using cotton buds (85.2%). Multivariate analysis showed that inserting substances into the ear (Spearman's rho [ρ] = -0.095; <i>P</i> = 0.014), exposure to loud firecrackers (ρ = -0.095; <i>P</i> = 0.014), being slapped hard (ρ = -0.102; <i>P</i> = 0.008), presence of chronic ear morbidity (ρ = -0.185; <i>P</i> <0.001), and hearing loss (ρ = -0.292; <i>P</i> <0.001) were significantly and negatively correlated with academic performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study reveals a high prevalence of ear morbidities, which were associated with lower academic performance among the study population. Regular screenings, educational interventions and timely healthcare are crucial to protect this vulnerable group.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"600-610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12293490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and Evaluation of a Weight Management Programme for Overweight or Obese Pregnant Women: <i>A Randomised Controlled Trial</i>.","authors":"Elahe Banafshe, Nahid Javadifar, Zahra Abbaspoor, Saeed Ghanbari, Majid Karandish","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2878","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2878","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Obesity is a major health concern, particularly among women of reproductive age. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a psychosocial-based intervention on weight management and pregnancy outcomes in overweight or obese pregnant women.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomised controlled trial included overweight or obese pregnant women from healthcare centres affiliated with Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences in Ahvaz, Iran and was conducted from June to December 2023. Participants were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. The intervention group received a comprehensive weight management programme during pregnancy, while the control group received standard prenatal care.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 202 women participated in this study. The intervention helped improve appropriate weight gain, healthier food choices (<i>P</i> < 0.001), and increased physical activity. In overweight women, 29.3% of the intervention group and 20.6% of the control group achieved normal weight gain. Among obese women, 39.3% in the intervention group and 37% in the control group reached the recommended weight gain. Physical activity scores improved significantly in both groups, with the intervention group showing greater changes (<i>P</i> = 0.0001). However, there were no significant differences in pregnancy outcomes, including gestational diabetes (<i>P</i> = 0.533), preeclampsia (<i>P</i> = 0.948), and caesarean section rates (<i>P</i> = 0.489).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The psychosocial-based intervention used in this study positively impacted nutritional behaviour and physical activity but did not significantly reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes. More comprehensive, personalised and long-term interventions are recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"580-591"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12293536/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144733353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Abdominal Ultrasonographic Sliding Sign in the Evaluation of Severe Intra-Abdominal Adhesions Involving the Uterus in Women Undergoing Repeat Caesarean Delivery: <i>Systematic review and meta-analysis</i>.","authors":"Amira M Taha, Wesam A Moawad, Sara A A Saed, Tala J Alhejazi, Youstina A Sabri, Mohamed Abd-ElGawad, Juan L Alcazar, Nihal Al Riyami, Ayatallah Khafagy, Yasmine A Mohammed, Ahmed H Saad","doi":"10.18295/squmj.10.2024.063","DOIUrl":"10.18295/squmj.10.2024.063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review aimed to assess diagnostic accuracy of transabdominal ultrasonography (TAS) sliding sign in diagnosing severe intra-abdominal adhesions with repeated Caesarean delivery (CD). PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science and Scopus were searched for published studies until October 2022. Studies evaluating the sliding sign as a predictor of intra-abdominal adhesions after repeat CD were included. STATA and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis for meta-analysis was used. A total of 7 studies (1,318 patients) were included. For identifying severe intra-abdominal adhesions, sliding sign on TAS had a combined sensitivity (64%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 55-71%), specificity (93%, 95% CI: 89-96%), positive likelihood ratio (9.5, 95% CI: 5.7-16), negative likelihood ratio (0.39, 95% CI: 0.31-0.49) and diagnostic odds ratio (24, 95% CI: 13-46). Prediction intervals for sensitivity and specificity were 0.444-0.786 and 0.711-0.985, respectively. Sliding sign on TAS is a simple, non-invasive, good negative and practical method to exclude severe intra-abdominal adhesions involving the uterus with low sensitivity and high specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"29-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12244295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144609569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Citrobacter Sedlakii</i> as a Rare Cause of Brain Abscess in a Late-Preterm Omani Infant: <i>Case report and literature review</i>.","authors":"Mohammed S Al Reesi, Moza Al Mamari, Sara Magzoub, Yasser AbdulRazek","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.7458","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.7458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain abscess in neonates is rare but remains a severe, life-threatening complication of meningitis with significant morbidity and mortality. While <i>Citrobacter koseri</i> and <i>Citrobacter freundii</i> are commonly implicated in brain-abscess formation, <i>Citrobacter sedlakii</i> is an uncommon causative pathogen. To date, only two cases of neonatal brain abscess caused by <i>C. sedlakii</i> have been reported in the literature. Early diagnosis, timely surgical intervention and prompt antibiotic therapy are critical to achieving a favourable outcome. A third case of a <i>C. sedlakii</i> brain abscess in a preterm infant, presenting in 2024 to a tertiary-care hospital in Oman, is reported together with a brief review of the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145782812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Mycoplasma pneumoniae-Induced Mucositis Sine Rash: <i>Case report in an adult patient</i>.","authors":"","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2928","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18295/2075-0528.2907.].</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"938"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12709208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145782829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Strategies for Unilateral Pulmonary Artery Agenesis: <i>A case series</i>.","authors":"Amr Abolwafa, Alaa Al-Lawati, Hamood Nasar Al-Kindi, Sunny Zacharias, Pranav Subbaraya Kandachar, Madan Mohan Maddali","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2951","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis, typically affecting the right pulmonary artery, is a rare condition that may lead to congestive heart failure or pulmonary hypertension in infants and early surgical intervention improves outcomes. We report 5 cases from Muscat, Oman, of unilateral pulmonary artery agenesis who underwent surgical correction between November 2019 and August 2023, at an average age of 4.4 months. Most presented with cyanosis or respiratory distress and all had pulmonary hypertension confirmed by imaging. Surgical approaches included Gore-Tex conduit placement, autologous pericardial reconstruction and patent ductus arteriosus unifocalisation. All patients successfully restored pulmonary blood flow with no perioperative mortality. The median intensive unit care stay was 13 days and the median hospital stay was 20 days. Only 1 patient required repeat surgery for graft compression. Over a 27.6-month follow-up period, 4 patients showed regression of pulmonary hypertension and 2 underwent pulmonary angioplasty, reinforcing the benefits of timely intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12797268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145971146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anthracycline-Induced Cardiomyopathy in Breast Cancer Patients in Oman: <i>A retrospective study</i>.","authors":"Hussain A Al-Lawati, Khalid Al Baimani, Mohammed N Al Rawahi","doi":"10.18295/2075-0528.2891","DOIUrl":"10.18295/2075-0528.2891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Anthracyclines are widely used in the treatment of breast cancer. One of the known adverse effects of anthracyclines is anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy. Studies done worldwide showed that the prevalence of chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy is approximately 9%. However, studies evaluating this complication prevalence, risk factors and cumulative dose are lacking in Oman. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy among breast cancer patients in Oman.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included all breast cancer patients who received anthracycline-based chemotherapy exclusively between September 2008 and December 2020 at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital in Muscat. Patients with partial treatment, coexisting heart failure and who did not receive anthracycline as part of the chemotherapy regimen were excluded. Chemotherapy-induced cardiomyopathy was defined as a drop of left ventricular ejection fraction >10% from the patient's baseline during or after receiving anthracycline-based chemotherapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 385 patients were included in this study of which 39 (10.1%) developed cardiomyopathy after exposure to anthracyclines. The mean cumulative dose of doxorubicin among these patients was 239 mg/m² (epirubicin was converted to doxorubicin equivalent dose). Univariate analysis showed that the risk of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy was influenced by cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension (33.3%), diabetes (25.6%), dyslipidaemia (20.5%) and previous cardiovascular medications use (10.3%). Trastuzumab exposure significantly correlated with an increased risk of developing cardiomyopathy (<i>P</i> < 0.001). However, multivariate analysis did not show any significant association.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy was influenced by various cardiovascular risk factors as well as trastuzumab exposure. Further studies are recommended to investigate the prevention and management of anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":22083,"journal":{"name":"Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"839-846"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12538945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145347487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}