Pediatric Obesity最新文献

{"title":"Parental education and neighbourhood socioeconomic status in the prediction of childhood overweight: A multilevel analysis","authors":"Timo-Kolja Pförtner,&nbsp;Monika Gube,&nbsp;Thilo Koch,&nbsp;Josef Michels,&nbsp;Simone Dohle,&nbsp;Ibrahim Demirer","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13181","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13181","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study examined cross-level interaction between parental education and neighbourhood SES in predicting overweight including obesity among school-aged children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This analysis used data from 19 984 children aged 5–6 years participating in the school-entry examination of the years 2015 to 2019 in the Aachen city region in Germany. We employed multilevel logistic regression models to predict overweight based on parental education and neighbourhood SES, along with their cross-level interaction, while controlling for several characteristics of the child.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children from families with intermediate (OR: 1.99; 95% CI, 1.65–2.40) and low parental education (OR: 2.55; 95% CI, 1.92–3.39) and from neighbourhoods with intermediate (OR: 1.25; 95% CI, 1.02–1.53) and low SES (OR: 1.61; 95% CI, 1.29–2.02) were at significantly higher odds for overweight. There was an indication of a cross-level interaction effect (<i>p</i>-value &lt;0.10) to the disadvantage of children with higher parental education, suggesting that inequalities in overweight decrease in more deprived neighbourhoods. The predicted probability of overweight for children with high parental education increased from 6.4% in high SES neighbourhoods to 7.8% in intermediate and 9.9% in low SES neighbourhoods. Sensitivity analyses for obesity and a higher context level of spatial SES confirmed the results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results highlight the crucial role of both individual and contextual socioeconomic conditions in predicting childhood overweight. They also suggest that the impact of neighbourhood socioeconomic status on childhood overweight varies by parental education, particularly disadvantaging children with higher parental education, indicating a social contagion of overweight through spatial disadvantage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11710947/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142454274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediation of genetic susceptibility to obesity through eating behaviours in children","authors":"Danick Goulet,&nbsp;Michel Boivin,&nbsp;Christopher A. Gravel,&nbsp;Julian Little,&nbsp;Beth K. Potter,&nbsp;Lise Dubois","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13180","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13180","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background/Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Few studies have examined the putative mediating role of eating behaviours linking genetic susceptibility and body weight. The goal of this study was to investigate the extent to which two polygenic scores (PGSs) for body mass index (BMI), based on child and adult data, predicted BMI through over-eating and fussy eating across childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Subjects/Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study sample involved 692 participants from a birth cohort study. Height and weight were measured on six occasions between ages 6 and 13 years. Over-eating and fussy eating behaviours were assessed five times between ages 2 and 6 years. Longitudinal growth curve mediation analysis was used to estimate the contributions of the PGSs to BMI <i>z</i>-scores mediated by over-eating and fussy eating.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both PGSs predicted BMI <i>z</i>-scores (PGS_child: <i>β</i> = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.19–0.33; PGS_adult: <i>β</i> = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.27–0.41). Over-eating significantly mediated these associations, but this mediation decreased over time from 6 years (PGS_child: 18.0%, 95% CI: 3.1–32.9, <i>p</i>-value = 0.018; PGS_adult: 14.2%, 95% CI: 2.8–25.5, <i>p</i>-value = 0.014) to 13 years (PGS_child: 11.4%, 95% CI: −0.4-23.1, <i>p</i>-value = 0.057; PGS_adult: 6.2%, 95% CI: 0.4–12.0, <i>p</i>-value = 0.037). Fussy eating did not show any mediation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our results support the view that appetite is key to translating genetic susceptibility into changes in body weight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142398866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of school closure on lifestyle behaviours and health outcomes in children during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile: A time-matched analysis","authors":"Mónica Suárez-Reyes,&nbsp;Rodrigo Fernández-Verdejo,&nbsp;Daiana Quintiliano,&nbsp;Anna Cristina Pinheiro,&nbsp;Tito Pizarro","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13182","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13182","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The COVID-19 pandemic led to school closures, potentially impairing children's behaviours and health. We aimed to explore the effects of school closure on lifestyle behaviours (dietary habits, physical activity) and health outcomes (adiposity, fitness, self-esteem, self-concept) in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We measured 247 children before school closure (October–November 2019) and after school reopening (October–November 2021) (COVID-19 group). To distinguish the changes due to school closure from changes due to growth, we included 655 age-matched children with cross-sectional measurements in October–November 2019 (control group). The response of this group (i.e., differences between children with 2 years of difference) was considered the expected response to growth. Two-way ANOVA was used to test age-by-group interactions, indicating an effect of school closure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 7-to-9-year-old children, the COVID-19 group had larger-than-expected decreases in physical activity (by 0.4 points), resulting in higher physical inactivity prevalence (by 19 percent points) at 9 years. This was accompanied by larger-than-expected increases in fat percentage (by 6.1 percent point). In 8-to-10-year-old children, the COVID-19 group had higher physical inactivity prevalence at 10 years (by 20 percent points). This was accompanied by larger-than-expected increases in fat percentage (by 8.3 percent points), z-score BMI (by 0.90 units), and waist circumference (by 6.1 cm). In 9-to-11-year-old children, the COVID-19 group had larger-than-expected decreases in physical activity (by 0.3 points) and increases in self-concept (by 0.2 points). The response in dietary habits, fitness, or self-esteem was not different between groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, school closure negatively impacted physical activity and adiposity, particularly in the youngest children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560478/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early life social conditions and adverse experiences are associated with childhood BMI and perceived overeating","authors":"Anna Bartoskova Polcrova,&nbsp;Gabriela Ksinan Jiskrova,&nbsp;Martin Bobak,&nbsp;Hynek Pikhart,&nbsp;Jana Klánová,&nbsp;Albert J. Ksinan","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13179","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13179","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early life socioeconomic disadvantage and adverse experiences may lead to overeating, which is in turn associated with increased body mass index (BMI). However, recent evidence indicated that the association between childhood BMI and overeating might be bidirectional. This bidirectionality prompts the need for further investigation of early life predictors of BMI in childhood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To longitudinally assess the directionality of the association between childhood BMI and perceived overeating and to investigate their antecedent early life predictors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sample included data from 5151 children from the ELSPAC study, collected between 18 months and 11 years of child age. The outcomes were child BMI and mother-reported overeating, assessed at the age of 3, 5, 7 and 11 years. Predictors included maternal BMI, maternal education, single parenthood, financial difficulties and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) reported by parents and paediatricians. The random intercept cross-lagged panel model was applied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean child's BMI at age 3 was 15.59 kg/m² and increased to 17.86 kg/m² at age 11. The percentage of parent-reported overeating increased in the following period, from about 12% at age 3 to 17% at age 11. The results showed temporal stability in perceived overeating and BMI, with a bidirectional relationship strengthening over time. The child's BMI was associated with maternal BMI. Maternal BMI was positively associated with child-perceived overeating, but a stronger effect was found for ACEs. ACEs mediated the impact of maternal education, financial difficulties and single parenthood on overeating.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We observed stable bidirectional associations between BMI and perceived overeating. The results indicated two main pathways: one linked to maternal BMI and early childhood BMI increase followed by perceived overeating and the second associated with ACEs mediating the effect of early childhood social factors on perceived overeating, leading to gradual BMI gain.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142386799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of surgical interventions for managing obesity in children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis framed using minimal important difference estimates based on GRADE guidance to inform a clinical practice guideline","authors":"Krista Oei,&nbsp;Bradley C. Johnston,&nbsp;Geoff D. C. Ball,&nbsp;Donna Fitzpatrick-Lewis,&nbsp;Ali Usman,&nbsp;Diana Sherifali,&nbsp;Zahra Esmaeilinezhad,&nbsp;Roah Merdad,&nbsp;Elizabeth Dettmer,&nbsp;Julius Erdstein,&nbsp;Jacob C. Langer,&nbsp;Catherine Birken,&nbsp;Mélanie Henderson,&nbsp;Sarah A. Moore,&nbsp;Katherine M. Morrison,&nbsp;Jill Hamilton,&nbsp;the Steering Committee for Updating the Canadian Clinical Practice Guideline for Managing Pediatric Obesity","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13119","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13119","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To summarize the literature on bariatric surgery for managing pediatric obesity, including intervention effects to improve patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometry, and assess adverse events (AEs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eligible studies were published between January 2012 and January 2022 and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational (controlled and uncontrolled) studies before and after surgery with a mean age &lt;18 years old. Outcomes and subgroups were selected a priori by stakeholders; estimates of effect for outcomes were presented relative to minimal important differences (MIDs) and GRADE certainty of evidence. We examined data on PROMs, cardiometabolic risk factors, anthropometry, and AEs. Subgroup analyses examined outcomes by follow-up duration and surgical technique, when possible.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 63 publications (43 original studies) met our inclusion criteria (<i>n</i> = 6128 participants; 66% female). Studies reported six different surgical techniques that were evaluated using uncontrolled single arm observational (<i>n</i> = 49), controlled observational (<i>n</i> = 13), and RCT (<i>n</i> = 1) designs. Most studies included short-term follow-up (&lt;18 months) only. PROMs were measured in 12 (28%) studies. Surgery led to large improvements in health-related quality of life compared to baseline and control groups, and moderate to very large improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors compared to baseline. Large to very large improvements in BMIz were noted compared to baseline across all follow-up periods. There was limited evidence of AEs with most reporting mild or non-specific AEs; serious AEs were uncommon.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bariatric surgery demonstrated primarily moderate to very large improvements across diverse outcomes with limited evidence of AEs, albeit with low to moderate certainty of evidence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13119","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of childhood physical activity and screen time with cardiometabolic health in preteens who were born to mothers with previous macrosomic delivery: Findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study","authors":"Sophie Callanan,&nbsp;Sarah Louise Killeen,&nbsp;Anna Delahunt,&nbsp;Eileen C. O'Brien,&nbsp;Aisling A. Geraghty,&nbsp;Rosemary Cushion,&nbsp;Amy Gainfort,&nbsp;Rachel K. Crowley,&nbsp;Patrick J. Twomey,&nbsp;Ciara M. McDonnell,&nbsp;Fionnuala M. McAuliffe","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13178","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13178","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Macrosomia (birthweight ≥4 kg) may alter the associations of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) throughout childhood with later cardiometabolic risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate associations of PA and ST over a 4–6-year follow-up period with cardiometabolic outcomes in preteens (9–11-year-olds) who were born to mothers with previous macrosomic delivery.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is an analysis of 402 preteens from the ROLO study, who were born to mothers that previously delivered an infant with macrosomia. Parental-reported measures of PA and ST were obtained in early childhood at 5-years of age. Preteen self-reported PA, parental-reported ST, anthropometry, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, blood pressure, heart rate, cardiorespiratory endurance, and blood biomarkers were obtained at 9–11-years. Crude and adjusted linear regression models explored associations and the interaction of birthweight was investigated in all models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Early childhood PA and ST at the 5-year follow-up were not related to preteen cardiometabolic outcomes. In adjusted models, higher preteen PA was associated with lower sum of skinfolds (<i>B</i> = −3.00, 95% CI −5.98, −0.02, <i>p</i> = 0.048) and higher cardiorespiratory endurance (<i>B</i> = 0.50, 95% CI 0.20, 0.80, <i>p</i> = 0.001) at the same time point. No strong evidence for modification by birthweight was found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher preteen PA may have potential benefits for cardiometabolic health, irrespective of birthweight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142370386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of fast-food environments on children's eating behaviour: A random effect within between analysis within the Generation R Study","authors":"Thera A. M. Peeters,&nbsp;Famke J. M. Mölenberg,&nbsp;Pauline W. Jansen,&nbsp;Joost Oude Groeniger,&nbsp;Frank J. van Lenthe,&nbsp;Mariëlle A. Beenackers","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13175","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13175","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Focussing on appetitive traits associated with obesity, this study aimed to estimate the association between the fast-food environment and satiety responsiveness, enjoyment of food and food responsiveness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used data from the Generation R Study. We included 2008 children with repeated measurements at the age of 4–10 years old. Three eating behaviour subscales from the Child Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (CEBQ) were used as outcomes. Geographical Information System data were used to map individual-level exposure to fast-food outlets within 400 m from home. Random Effect Within Between (REWB) models were used to derive estimates. We tested for moderation of the associations with parental restriction at baseline using the parent-reported Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We did not find evidence of between-associations of fast-food exposure and eating behaviour subscales. Considering within-associations, an increase in absolute fast-food exposure was associated with a significant marginal increase in satiety responsiveness (<i>β</i>: 0.02 [95% confidence interval: 0.00–0.03]). No moderation by parental restriction was found.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In environments with ubiquitous fast-food outlets, an increased exposure to fast-food outlets does not seem to have a substantial impact on eating behaviour. Further research is needed to better understand how fast-food exposure contributes to overweight.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ijpo.13175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142338006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of ultra-processed food intake with adolescent metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in the NHANES","authors":"Maarten Buytaert,&nbsp;Dimitri Declercq,&nbsp;Fleur Depoorter,&nbsp;Zerlina Cosijn,&nbsp;Lindsey Devisscher,&nbsp;Sarah Raevens,&nbsp;Xavier Verhelst,&nbsp;Hans Van Vlierberghe,&nbsp;Anja Geerts,&nbsp;Ruth De Bruyne,&nbsp;Sander Lefere","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13174","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13174","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become a major public health concern. A thorough analysis of the link between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and MASLD in the adolescent population is lacking.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescent participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) pre-pandemic cohort were included. Different controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) cut-offs were used to assess MASLD. The percentage energy intake of UPF, categorized according to the NOVA classification, to total energy intake was taken as the main outcome marker. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to better quantify the causal connection between UPF and liver steatosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>UPF consumption constituted a median 75% (62–86) of total energy intake. There was no significant correlation between UPF intake and CAP (<i>ρ</i> = 0.061, <i>p</i> = 0.091). The median proportion UPF intake was not associated with steatosis severity. SEM similarly yielded a weak and non-significant correlation of 0.078. In participants with MASLD, total energy intake was significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and sugar-containing beverage (SCB) consumption showed a non-significant trend towards higher consumption.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>No clinically relevant association between UPF intake and MASLD in adolescents could be demonstrated. Our results nonetheless suggest that total energy intake and consumption of SCBs are important contributors to paediatric obesity and MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142338008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fructose intake, endogenous biomarkers and latent metabolic construct in adolescents: Exploring path associations and mediating effects","authors":"Pei-Wen Wu,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Chin,&nbsp;Wei-Ting Lin,&nbsp;Sharon Tsai,&nbsp;Chun-Ying Lee,&nbsp;Wei-Chung Tsai,&nbsp;David W. Seal,&nbsp;Chien-Hung Lee","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13176","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13176","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Uric acid (UA) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) are endogenous biomarkers implicated in metabolic disorders and dysfunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the structural associations between sugar-sweetened beverage intake (SSB), UA, HOMA-IR and adolescent latent MetS construct (MetsC) representing paediatric metabolic syndrome (MetS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A population-based representative adolescent cohort (<i>n</i> = 1454) was evaluated for risk profiles of MetS. Structural equation modelling was performed to identify multifactor structural associations between study parameters and evaluate mediating effects.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adolescents had a single-factor latent construct representing MetS. Increased SSB intake was associated with higher UA and HOMA-IR levels, and the two biomarkers were positively associated with the MetsC score. UA and HOMA-IR exerted three mediating effects on the association between fructose-rich tea beverage (FTB) intake of &gt;500 mL/day and MetsC: adjusted standardized coefficient and mediating effect (%), FTB → UA → MetsC: 0.071, 23.1%; FTB → HOMA-IR → MetsC: 0.034, 11.0%; FTB → UA → HOMA-IR → MetsC: 0.010, 3.1%. The UA-associated pathways accounted for 31.1% of the overall mediation on the association between bottled sugar-containing beverage intake and MetsC. After accounting for the UA- and HOMA-IR-derived detrimental effects, the fructose-rich tea beverage intake of &gt;500 mL/day had a tea-related beneficial effect on MetsC, with an adjusted standardized coefficient of −0.103.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>UA and HOMA-IR individually and jointly mediate the adverse effects of high fructose-rich SSB intake on the mechanisms underlying paediatric MetS. Fructose-free tea-based beverages may have a beneficial effect on latent MetS structure in adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142338007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The predictive utility of the in utero exposome for childhood adiposity in independent and integrated frameworks","authors":"Jonathan VanHawkins,&nbsp;Ryan Peterson,&nbsp;Kylie Harrall,&nbsp;Brandy Moon,&nbsp;Dana Dabelea,&nbsp;Katerina Kechris,&nbsp;Wei Perng","doi":"10.1111/ijpo.13172","DOIUrl":"10.1111/ijpo.13172","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the predictive potential of the in utero exposome in relation to childhood adiposity as indicated by body mass index z-scores (BMIz) and the fourth versus first quartile of % fat mass (FM) at median age of 4.6 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We leveraged data on clinical risk factors for childhood obesity during the perinatal period, along with cord blood per/polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and cord blood DNA methylation, in 268 mother–offspring pairs. We used the sparsity ranked LASSO penalized regression framework for each outcome and assessed model performance based on % variability explained for BMIz and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the fourth versus first quartile of %FM. We employed cross-validation for model tuning and split-sample validation for model evaluation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mean ± SD BMIz was 0.01 ± 1.1, %FM was 19.8 ± 6.34%. The optimal model for predicting BMIz explained 19.1% of the variability in the validation set and included only clinical characteristics: maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, paternal BMI, gestational weight gain, physical activity during pregnancy and child race/ethnicity. The optimal model for fourth versus first quartiles of %FM achieved an AUC of 0.82 ± 0.01 in the validation set, with the clinical features again emerging as the strongest predictors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study sample, perinatal chemical exposures and the epigenome have low utility in predicting childhood adiposity, beyond known clinical risk factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":217,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Obesity","volume":"19 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142338009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}