Impact of prenatal exposure to delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on birth size and postnatal growth trajectories.

IF 2.7 3区医学 Q1 PEDIATRICS

Pediatric Obesity Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-16 DOI:10.1111/ijpo.13187

Brianna F Moore, Noel T Mueller, Wei Perng, Katherine A Sauder, Emily T Hébert, Adrienne T Hoyt, Erica M Wymore, Kristen E Boyle, Emily J Su, Allison L B Shapiro, Gregory Kinney, Cristina Sempio, Jost Klawitter, Uwe Christians, Dana Dabelea

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Prenatal exposure to cannabis (or more specifically, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol [Δ9-THC]) has been consistently linked to low birthweight. Animal models further show that Δ9-THC is associated with rapid postnatal growth. Whether this association is modified by breastfeeding is unknown.

Methods: In this exploratory study, we followed 128 mother-child pairs through 3 years. Urinary Δ9-THC and cannabidiol (CBD) were measured mid-gestation. Generalized linear models estimated the associations between Δ9-THC and neonatal body composition. A mixed-effects model estimated the association between Δ9-THC and body mass index (BMI) z-score trajectories. Interaction was assessed by a three-way product term (Δ9-THC × breastmilk months × age).

Results: Fifteen children (12%) had Δ9-THC exposure; three had concomitant CBD exposure. Prenatal exposure to Δ9-THC alone was associated with lower fat mass (-95 g, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -174, -14) and neonatal adiposity (-2.1%; 95% CI: -4.2, -0.4) followed by rapid postnatal growth (0.42 increase in BMI z-score per square root year; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.72). Breastfeeding modified this association (p = 0.04), such that growth was similar for those breastfed for 5 months whereas a shorter duration of breastfeeding was associated with 1.1 higher BMI z-score at 3 years (95% CI: 0.21, 2.05).

Conclusions: Our study suggests that prenatal exposure to Δ9-THC may alter early-life growth. Breastfeeding may stabilize rapid postnatal growth, but the impact of lactational exposure requires further investigation.

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产前暴露于δ 9-四氢大麻酚和大麻二酚对出生尺寸和出生后生长轨迹的影响。

背景：产前接触大麻（或更具体地说，δ 9-四氢大麻酚[Δ9-THC]）一直与低出生体重有关。动物模型进一步表明Δ9-THC与产后快速生长有关。这种关联是否会因母乳喂养而改变尚不清楚。方法：采用探索性研究方法，对128对母子进行为期3年的随访。妊娠中期测量尿Δ9-THC和大麻二酚（CBD）。广义线性模型估计Δ9-THC和新生儿身体组成之间的关系。混合效应模型估计了Δ9-THC和身体质量指数（BMI） z得分轨迹之间的关联。相互作用的评估采用三方产品项（Δ9-THC ×母乳月龄×年龄）。结果：15名儿童（12%）有Δ9-THC暴露；其中三人同时接触了CBD。产前单独暴露于Δ9-THC与较低的脂肪量（-95 g， 95%可信区间[CI]: -174， -14）和新生儿肥胖(-2.1%；95% CI: -4.2, -0.4)，随后是产后快速生长(BMI z-score每平方根年增加0.42；95% ci: 0.12, 0.72)。母乳喂养改变了这一关联（p = 0.04），因此母乳喂养5个月的婴儿的生长情况相似，而母乳喂养时间较短的婴儿在3岁时的BMI z评分高1.1 （95% CI: 0.21, 2.05）。结论：我们的研究表明，产前暴露于Δ9-THC可能会改变生命早期的生长。母乳喂养可以稳定产后快速生长，但哺乳期暴露的影响需要进一步调查。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Obesity PEDIATRICS-

CiteScore

7.30

自引率

5.30%

发文量

117

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Obesity is a peer-reviewed, monthly journal devoted to research into obesity during childhood and adolescence. The topic is currently at the centre of intense interest in the scientific community, and is of increasing concern to health policy-makers and the public at large. Pediatric Obesity has established itself as the leading journal for high quality papers in this field, including, but not limited to, the following: Genetic, molecular, biochemical and physiological aspects of obesity – basic, applied and clinical studies relating to mechanisms of the development of obesity throughout the life course and the consequent effects of obesity on health outcomes Metabolic consequences of child and adolescent obesity Epidemiological and population-based studies of child and adolescent overweight and obesity Measurement and diagnostic issues in assessing child and adolescent adiposity, physical activity and nutrition Clinical management of children and adolescents with obesity including studies of treatment and prevention Co-morbidities linked to child and adolescent obesity – mechanisms, assessment, and treatment Life-cycle factors eg familial, intrauterine and developmental aspects of child and adolescent obesity Nutrition security and the "double burden" of obesity and malnutrition Health promotion strategies around the issues of obesity, nutrition and physical activity in children and adolescents Community and public health measures to prevent overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.