Seminars in Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Readership Awareness Series – Paper 11: Copyright Licensing for Scientific Publications","authors":"Mohammad Javed Ali, Ali Djalilian","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2338045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2338045","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Seminars in Ophthalmology (Ahead of Print, 2024)","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140584795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical and Functional Results of Early or Late Switching from Anti-VEGF to Dexamethasone Implant in Case of Poor Anatomical Response in Naïve Patients with Macular Edema Secondary to Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion.","authors":"Zübeyir Yozgat, Mehmed Uğur Işik","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2310662","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2310662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare the outcomes of early or late switching from intravitreal (IV) anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injection to IV Dexamethasone (DEX) implant injection in treatment-naïve patients with macular edema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 68 eyes of 68 treatment-naïve BRVO patients who started anti-VEGF treatment. After the loading dose, the patients were divided into two groups: Early DEX group (n:34) (DEX implant treatment started after 3 loading doses) and Late DEX group (n:34) (DEX implant treatment started after 6 months). Visual acuity and examination findings were recorded at baseline, 3rd, 6th, and 12th month follow-ups. Optical coherence tomography data were recorded for central macular subfield thickness assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 30 (44.1%) women and 38 (55.9%) men participated, and the average age was 67.6 ± 6.4 years. The mean letter gains at week 52 was 15.1 and 20.9 in the Early DEX and Late DEX groups, respectively. The group with the highest gain of ≥15 letters was the Late DEX group (26/34 patients) and the gain of ≥15 letters was 14/34 in the Early DEX group (p: 0.006). At week 52, the anatomical gain was 115.3 µm and 136.9 µm in the Early DEX and Late DEX groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A gain of 15 or more letters was demonstrated to be higher in patients who switched to DEX implant late after anti-VEGF treatment. If it is necessary to switch, the late switch may be more effective for more visual gain at the end of the first year.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139571078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orbital Fat Density as a Diagnostic Tool in Pre-Septal and Orbital Cellulitis.","authors":"Daphna Landau Prat, Ella Nissan, Eilon Shcolnik, Alon Weissman, Alik Rosenfeld, Mattan Arazi, Gahl Greenberg, Guy J Ben Simon","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2275641","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2275641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the usefulness of measuring orbital fat density in identifying post-septal involvement when initial differential diagnosis between orbital and periorbital cellulitis (OC and POC) is unclear.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Retrospective study of patients with clinical diagnosis of OC or POC who underwent contrast-enhanced computerized tomographic scans over a span of 10 years. Intraconal orbital fat density was measured with Hounsfield units (HU) in six areas on axial scans consisting of nasal and temporal intraconal sites. These measurements correlated with the initial and final diagnoses. Main outcome measures were HU values at the initial and final diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-seven patients were included. Mean HU measurement was -52 ± 18 HU for the involved side vs. -63 ± 13 for the uninvolved side (<i>P</i> < .001). The values were higher in cases of a final diagnosis of OC in the involved side (<i>P</i> < .001). The HU values were significantly higher in the nasal vs. the temporal locations of each orbit bilaterally (<i>P</i> < .001). The initial POC diagnosis of 20 patients (35%) was revised to OC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Intraconal fat density measurements can assist in the primary assessment of orbital involvement in patients with an uncertain initial diagnosis, with a HU value higher than -50 is suggestive of orbital involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66784269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Reapplicants to Ophthalmology Residency: Factors Associated with Successful Matching.","authors":"Jared Moon, Saima Khan, Sara Tao, Gene Kim","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2278540","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2278540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ophthalmology residency programs are highly competitive and each year there are many unmatched reapplicants who must make time-sensitive decisions on how to prepare for their reapplication. Our analysis of reapplication factors will be the first evidence-based guide to reapplying ophthalmology.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the components of a reapplicants application that contribute and that do not contribute to ophthalmology residency match success.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-eight total reapplicants to Dell Medical School's Department of Ophthalmology residency program for the year of 2022 and 2023 were analyzed in a retrospective review in 2023 based on their San Francisco match applications. We assessed match success in the context of demographics, academic performance, cognitive measures, letters of recommendation, personal statements, and extracurricular activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 84 reapplicants who completed the San Francisco Match, 41 matched successfully (48.8%). Factors that significantly affected match success include quantity of LORs written by ophthalmologists (<i>P</i> = .0143), choice of interim year activity (<i>p</i> = .0019), and Step 2 Clinical Knowledge score (<i>P</i> = .0017). Our findings demonstrate that noncontributory factors to reapplicant match rate include number of publications during research years, demographics, clinical grades, Alpha Omega Alpha (AOA) membership, LOR qualities, and Step 1 score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ophthalmology residency reapplicants should focus their efforts on finding a research year or established pre-ophthalmology residency program for their interim year and bolstering their letters of recommendations within the field. The quality of in-specialty relationships and letters of recommendation are more impactful than the number of publications during a research gap year. Step 2 CK score is a significant factor but would have already been determined by the time of reapplication. Metrics such as Step 1 scores, AOA status, number of volunteering experiences, and LOR and personal statement qualities had no effect on a reapplicant's chance of matching.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71485742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Femtosecond Laser + Piggyback Multifocal Intraocular Lens Implantation in Patients with Super-High Myopia Complicated with Cataract.","authors":"Xian-Shan Liao, Hui-Yu Jin, Li-Ping Zhu, Wen-Jing Luo, Yong Wang, Shu-Qiong Hu","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2275618","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2275618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To observe the clinical effect of piggyback multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation in treating patients with high myopia complicated with cataract.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective controlled study. We compared 32 eyes of 32 patients who underwent femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with piggyback IOL implantation (two IOLs were implanted into the capsule) with 32 eyes of 32 patients who also underwent the same surgery (one IOL implanted into the capsule) due to high myopia complicated with cataract at the Wuhan Aier Eye Expert Hospital between January 2019 and October 2020. All patients were followed up for three months after surgery. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), uncorrected intermediate visual acuity (UCIVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UCNVA), best-corrected distance visual acuity, distance-corrected intermediate visual acuity (DCIVA), distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA), postoperative spectacle independence, postoperative visual interference, equivalent spherical lens, defocus curve, and IOL tilt and eccentricity were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three months after surgery, the patients' UCIVA, UCNVA, DCIVA, and DCNVA were 0.49 ± 0.07, 0.38 ± 0.15, 0.47 ± 0.09, and 0.36 ± 0.12, respectively, in the research group and 0.56 ± 0.18, 0.72 ± 0.22, 0.55 ± 0.13, and 0.69 ± 0.15, respectively, in the control group; the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (<i>P</i> < .05). The spectacle independence rate was higher in the research group (93%) than in the control group (13%). The overall satisfaction regarding postoperative visual quality was also higher in the research group than in the control group. The absolute mean value of the spherical equivalents was 0.48 ± 0.28 D in the research group and 0.62 ± 0.33 D in the control group; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (<i>P</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Piggyback multifocal IOL implantation can expand the multifocal IOL application range, and satisfy the desire of patients with high myopia complicated with cataract to see both near and far.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Geographic Distribution of Visual Disability - United States, 2010-2019.","authors":"Lucy V Cobbs, Raziyeh Mahmoudzadeh, Mirataollah Salabati, Jacquelyn Hamati, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, Rebecca Russ Soares","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2273855","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2273855","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We aimed to describe changes in the geographic distribution of self-reported visual impairment (VI) over the last decade (2010-2019) in the U.S.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study was an analysis of publicly available data collected between 2010 and 2019 from the Census Bureau American Community Survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean overall prevalence of self-reported VI from 2010 to 2019 was 2.31% in the United States, and there was a significant increase in VI over the past decade from 2.25% in 2010-2014 to 2.37% in 2015-2019 (<i>p</i> < .001). VI was significantly higher in rural counties (3.58%), compared to urban (3.10%) or metropolitan counties (2.18%) (<i>p</i> < .001). In terms of geographic region, the South of the United States had the highest rate of VI (2.63%) (<i>p</i> < .001). For age groups > 17-years-old in the 2010-2019 data, women had higher rates of VI compared to men.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prevalence of self-reported visual impairment has risen and disproportionately affects certain communities. This includes individuals living in the South, in rural counties, and women.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50158687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Readership Awareness Series - Paper 9: Retraction of a Publication.","authors":"Mohammad Javed Ali, Ali Djalilian","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2306434","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2306434","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmology Optical Coherence Tomography Databases for Artificial Intelligence Algorithm: A Review.","authors":"David Restrepo, Justin Michael Quion, Frederico Do Carmo Novaes, Iago Diogenes Azevedo Costa, Constanza Vasquez, Alyssa Nicole Bautista, Ellaine Quiminiano, Patricia Abigail Lim, Roger Mwavu, Leo Anthony Celi, Luis Filipe Nakayama","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2308248","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2308248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Imaging plays a pivotal role in eye assessment. With the introduction of advanced machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), the focus has shifted to imaging datasets in ophthalmology. While disparities and health inequalities hidden within data are well-documented, the ophthalmology field faces specific challenges to the creation and maintenance of datasets. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is useful for the diagnosis and monitoring of retinal pathologies, making it valuable for AI applications. This review aims to identify and compare the landscape of publicly available optical coherence tomography databases for AI applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a literature review on OCT and AI articles with publicly accessible datasets, using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The review retrieved 183 articles, and after full-text analysis, 50 articles were included. From the included articles were identified 8 publicly available OCT datasets, focusing on patient demographics and clinical details for thorough assessment and comparison.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The resulting datasets encompass 154,313 images collected from Spectralis, Cirrus HD, Topcon 3D, and Bioptigen devices. These datasets included normal exams, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic maculopathy, among others. Comprehensive demographic information is available in one dataset and the USA is the most represented population.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Current publicly available OCT databases for AI applications exhibit limitations, stemming from their non-representative nature and the lack of comprehensive demographic information. Limited datasets hamper research and equitable AI development. To promote equitable AI algorithmic development in ophthalmology, there is a need for the creation and dissemination of more representative datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139707787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of <i>PON1</i>, <i>APOE</i> and <i>SDF-1</i> Gene Polymorphisms with Treatment Response to Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Treatment in Patients with Retinal Vein Occlusion.","authors":"Antonios Ragkousis, Dimitrios Kazantzis, Ilias Georgalas, Panagiotis Theodossiadis, Christos Kroupis, Irini Chatziralli","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2283028","DOIUrl":"10.1080/08820538.2023.2283028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to determine whether specific genetic polymorphisms affect the response to intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment in patients with macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants in this prospective study were 50 patients with macular oedema secondary to RVO, who were treated with intravitreal ranibizumab or aflibercept, and were followed-up for 12 months after initiation of treatment. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from three different genes (<i>APOE</i>, <i>PON1</i>, <i>SDF-1</i>) were examined as potential predictors for treatment response to intravitreal anti-VEGF agents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with the LL genotype of the <i>PON1</i> L55M SNP had significantly higher reduction in central subfield thickness (CST) at month 12 after initiation of intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment (101.63 ± 56.80 μm in LL vs. 72.44 ± 39.41 μm in LM vs. 40.25 ± 19.33 μm in MM, <i>p</i> = .026). Patients with the M allele of the <i>PON1</i> L55M SNP were significantly associated with lower reduction in CST compared to non-carriers (68.29 ± 38.77 μm in LM + MM vs. 101.63 ± 56.80 μm in LL, <i>p</i> = .032).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>PON1</i> L55M SNP may serve as a promising genetic biomarker for predicting response to intravitreal anti-VEGF treatment in patients with macular oedema due to RVO.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138299944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Efficacy of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in Primary Angle-Closure Disease After Laser Peripheral Iridotomy.","authors":"Srishti Raj, Faisal Thattaruthody, Deepti Yadav, Deeksha Sharma, Basavaraj Tigari, Deepika Dhingra, Sushmita Kaushik, Surinder S Pandav","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2024.2312946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2024.2312946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the long-term efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in eyes with primary angle-closure (PAC) and primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) following a laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In this prospective cross-sectional study, 45 eyes of 34 patients with PAC/PACG diagnosis, uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP), and visible pigmented trabecular-meshwork (TM) at least 180° on gonioscopy following a LPI were recruited. Following a detailed baseline ophthalmic evaluation, all eligible eyes underwent SLT, and the patients were examined on day1, at 1 week, 1-, 3-, and 6-months, and 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year subsequently. The main outcomes measured were IOP, number of IOP-lowering agents, and complications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the cohort was 57.80 ± 6.44 years, the male-female ratio was 8:26, and 17 eyes were PACG, and 28 were PAC. The baseline IOP was 23.81 ± 1.78 mm Hg, and was significantly declined at all follow-ups (<i>p</i> < .0001). The cumulative probability of overall success was 91% and 84% at 2-, and 5-year, respectively. At 5-year SLT provided drug-freedom in 80% of PAC and 23% of PACG eyes. Six eyes had IOP spike at 1-week and two patients underwent repeat SLT after 1-year. No other complications, such as pain/discomfort, inflammation, an increase in peripheral anterior synechiae and cystoid-macular-edema, were noted.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SLT appears a safe and cost-effective procedure in PAC/mild- moderate PACG eyes with uncontrolled IOP after laser iridotomy. The long-term effectiveness of SLT as adjuvant treatment was good, but need large sized randomized studies for more validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139973354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}