Seminars in Ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Lacrimal History - Part 18: Doyens of Dacryology Series - Jacques François-Marie Duverney (1661-1748) and His First Description of the Horner-Duverney Muscle.","authors":"Mohammad Javed Ali","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2516367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2516367","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Topical Cyclosporine A in Ocular Surface Inflammatory Disorders.","authors":"Mariya B Doctor, Anahita Kate, Haritha Goud Tallapelly, Sayan Basu","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2512759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2512759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong> Various ocular surface inflammatory disorders (OSID) such as allergic eye disease, Sjogren's syndrome, cicatrizing conjunctivitis, and ocular graft versus host disease have a chronic course, leading to visual morbidity and significantly impacting quality of life. They have chronic ocular surface inflammation which needs topical anti-inflammatory therapy to break the vicious cycle of inflammation and prevent worsening of the ocular surface disease. Topical cyclosporine A (CsA) acts by inhibiting T-cell activation and inflammatory cytokine production, thereby reducing inflammation and maintain the health of the tear film and the surface epithelial cells. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of mechanism of action, indications, formulations, concentration and efficacy of topical cyclosporine available for the treatment of ocular surface diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> After carrying out a literature search on \"Cyclosporine A\", \"Ocular surface disease\", \"Dry eye\", \"Vernal keratoconjunctivitis\", \"Graft versus host disease\", \"Restasis\", \"Cequa\", \"Vevye\", \"Ikervis\", a total of 101 articles were included for this review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> CsA has been found useful in cases of dry eye disease, vernal keratoconjunctivitis, graft versus host disease, SJS and high-risk corneal transplantation. Multiple clinical trials have demonstrated significant improvement in corneal fluorescein staining, Schirmer's test scores, and tear break-up time with CsA use in patients with dry eye. Topical CsA formulations such as Restasis (0.05%), Cequa (0.09%), and Vevye (0.1%) have been FDA-approved, showing long-term efficacy and safety. Advancements in drug delivery, including cationic emulsions (Ikervis), nanomicellar solutions (Cequa), and water-free technology (Vevye), have enhanced its bioavailability and patient compliance. However, challenges such as delayed onset of action, transient irritation, and high discontinuation rates remain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong> Topical CsA remains a cornerstone therapy in the management of OSID, providing long-term inflammation control, improved ocular surface integrity, and symptomatic relief. Continued research into optimized formulations, combination therapies, and alternative delivery systems may further refine its clinical utility and enhance patient adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144226555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Advances in Therapeutic Strategies.","authors":"Naomi C Zatarain-Barrón, Guillermo Raul Vera-Duarte, Maria F Castillo-de la Rosa, Denise Loya-Garcia, Arturo Ramirez-Miranda, Enrique O Graue-Hernández, Alejandro Navas","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2512750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2512750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the ocular surface, primarily affecting the superior bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva. It predominantly occurs in middle-aged women and is associated with conditions, such as dry eye disease, thyroid eye disease, and ocular graft-versus-host disease. Although its exact etiology remains unclear, mechanical microtrauma and tear film instability are key contributing factors. Given its relapsing-remitting nature, early diagnosis and appropriate management are essential to prevent chronic ocular discomfort and visual disturbances.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To provide a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management strategies for SLK, emphasizing the latest advances in medical and surgical treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review was conducted to analyze current evidence on the mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of SLK. The therapeutic approaches were categorized into medical, mechanical, and surgical interventions, highlighting their indications, efficacy, and limitations. Emerging treatments and their potential role in SLK management were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SLK is an often underdiagnosed yet significant ocular surface disorder that requires a customized treatment approach. The management of SLK focuses on minimizing mechanical friction and controlling inflammation. In mild cases, patients typically respond well to ocular lubricants and mast cell stabilizers. For moderate cases, treatment may involve punctal occlusion and immunomodulatory therapy. Severe or refractory cases can benefit from supratarsal corticosteroid injections, scleral lenses, or surgical interventions such as conjunctival resection or thermal cauterization. While the overall prognosis is generally favorable, recurrence is common. Therefore, long-term follow-up is essential to optimize treatment outcomes and reduce the likelihood of relapses.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lacrimal History - Part 17: Doyens of Dacryology Series - Dominique Anel (1679-1730) Through the Eyes of His Contemporaries.","authors":"Mohammad Javed Ali","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2510028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2510028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144187874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Filamentary Keratitis: A Persistent Challenge in Ocular Surface Disease.","authors":"Gustavo Ortiz-Morales, Maria Cristina Nordmann-Gomes, Mariana Navarrete-Azuara, Denise Loya-Garcia, Alejandro Navas, Arturo Ramirez-Miranda, Enrique O Graue-Hernandez","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2507296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2507296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To provide a comprehensive overview of filamentary keratitis (FK), its pathophysiology, associated conditions, clinical manifestations, and current management strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A narrative review of the literature describing the etiopathogenesis, clinical features, and therapeutic approaches for FK. Emphasis was placed on conventional treatments, advanced medical therapies, and surgical interventions used in refractory cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FK is a chronic ocular surface disorder marked by the presence of mucus-epithelial filaments adhered to the cornea, frequently associated with dry eye disease, autoimmune disorders, and neurotrophic or exposure keratopathies. Its pathogenesis involves tear film instability, excessive mucus production, and mechanical trauma from blinking. Management remains challenging due to high recurrence rates. Standard treatments include lubrication, mechanical debridement, topical corticosteroids, and mucolytics such as N-acetylcysteine. In severe or refractory cases, autologous serum tears, punctal occlusion, bandage contact lenses, and surgical procedures like amniotic membrane transplantation or tarsorrhaphy are effective in stabilizing the ocular surface and reducing symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FK is a multifactorial and recurrent disease that requires a tailored therapeutic approach. Early recognition and multimodal management are essential for symptom control and prevention of further ocular surface damage. Emerging therapies and surgical options expand the armamentarium for treating refractory cases, improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Multiple Faces of Setae Induced Ocular Inflammation (Ophthalmia Nodosa): A Review.","authors":"Julio González-Martín-Moro, Victor Altares-Mateos, Victoria Padeira Iranzo, Vanesa Mittendrein, Vicente Miralles Pechuan, Lorena Picasso-Simón, Bárbara González Ferrer","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2503912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2503912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Ophthalmia nodosa is an inflammatory ocular condition caused by the penetration of arthropod hairs (setae) into the eye. This review aims to systematize current knowledge on the condition, identify knowledge gaps, and propose an updated classification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature review was conducted in July 2024 in PubMed and Cochrane Central. Articles focusing on non-ophthalmological manifestations, zoological aspects, or cases in animals were excluded. Relevant data were extracted from each study, including demographic information, causal species, clinical manifestations, and disease classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 112 articles were included in the review, with 84 addressing caterpillar-related cases and 28 focusing on tarantula-related cases. The condition was most frequently reported in India and Europe. In Europe, the processionary caterpillar is a common cause. Cases involving tarantulas are typically linked to domestic incidents. Most cases result in mild inflammation, but in some instances, intraocular penetration leads to severe complications, including irreversible visual loss. Diagnosis relies primarily on slit-lamp examination, but OCT and confocal microscopy improve setae detection. The review also highlights the limitations of Cadera's classification, as disease progression does not always follow its defined stages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ophthalmia nodosa remains an underrecognized cause of ocular inflammation. While advances in corticosteroid therapy and vitrectomy have improved outcomes, knowledge gaps persist, particularly regarding the pathogenesis of seasonal hyperacute panuveitis (SHAPU). A new classification system is proposed to better reflect disease progression and improve clinical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144127673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teprotumumab Use in Thyroid Eye Disease: Clinical Outcomes in the United Arab Emirates- a First Regional Case Series.","authors":"H Eatamadi, O Almazrouie, N Al Qatan, H Ibrahim, S Eatamadi","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2503911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2503911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thyroid eye disease (TED), an autoimmune disorder frequently associated with Graves' disease, manifests as orbital inflammation, proptosis, diplopia, and vision impairment, significantly diminishing quality of life. Traditional treatments, such as corticosteroids and rituximab, exhibit variable efficacy, while targeted therapies like teprotumumab, an insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1 R) inhibitor, have shown promise, particularly in the United States. However, data from the Middle East, including the United Arab Emirates (UAE), remain scarce, highlighting the need for regional studies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of teprotumumab in TED patients in the UAE, presenting the first case series from the Gulf region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case series analysed 14 patients (25 eyes) with moderate-to-severe TED who completed eight teprotumumab cycles. Outcomes-proptosis reduction (primary), Clinical Activity Score (CAS), double vision, quality of life (TED-QOL), stability, and adverse effects-were assessed at 24 weeks and 6 months post-treatment using standardized measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Teprotumumab reduced proptosis by 2.64 mm at 24 weeks (<i>p</i> < .0001) and 2.32 mm at 6 months (<i>p</i> < .0001), with 68% of eyes achieving ≥ 2 mm reduction. CAS dropped from 5.21 to 0.35 (<i>p</i> < .0001), double vision improved in 85.7% of cases, and QoL enhanced across all domains (<i>p</i> < .001). Stability persisted at 6 months, with tolerable adverse effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Teprotumumab is effective and safe for TED in the Gulf region, offering sustained benefits. Larger, longer-term studies are needed to confirm efficacy, recurrence, and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144111828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor Location of Uveal Melanoma and Impact on Metastasis-Free Survival in 1001 Cases.","authors":"Carol L Shields, Madison Woods, Randy Calotti, Haley Evans, Robert Medina, Shady Mina, Jose E Pena, Ayra Khan, Henry Nguyen, Rolika Bansal, Hidayet Sener, Sara E Lally, Jerry A Shields","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2507750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2507750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is limited literature on tumor location of uveal melanoma (UM) and the relative impact on metastasis-free survival (MFS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A review of 1001 consecutive eyes with UM was performed and precise tumor location was identified according to quadrant (5 zones), clock hour (13 zones), anteroposterior (5 zones), and a combination of clock hour and anteroposterior regions (49 zones). Heat maps were constructed for frequency in each zone and Kaplan-Meier estimates for 5- and 10-year MFS was calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The UM quadrant regions included central (macula and juxtapapillary) (18%), superior (19%), nasal (18%), inferior (18%), and temporal (27%). The central region demonstrated smaller UM thickness (<i>p</i> < .01) and diameter (<i>p</i> < .01). The MFS (5- and 10-years) for central region (90%, 86%) was more favorable than other quadrants (<i>p</i> < .01).The UM clock hour regions included central (18%), 1:00 (6%), 2:00 (6%), 3:00 (10%), 4:00 (6%), 5:00 (7%), 6:00 (7%), 7:00 (5%), 8:00 (7%), 9:00 (9%), 10:00 (6%), 11:00 (5%), and 12:00 (8%). The central region demonstrated smaller UM thickness (<i>p</i> < .01) and diameter (<i>p</i> < .01). The MFS (5- and 10-years) for central region (90%, 86%) was more favorable than any clock hour region (<i>p</i> = .03).The UM anteroposterior regions included central (18%), post-equatorial (28%), equatorial (26%), peripheral (13%), and ciliary body (15%). Increasing UM thickness (<i>p</i> < .01) and diameter (<i>p</i> < .01) stepwise were noted with increasing anterior location. The MFS (5- and 10-years) for central region (90%, 86%) was more favorable than other anteroposterior regions (<i>p</i> < .01).A combination of clock hour and anteroposterior regions (49 zones) revealed random distribution with no preferential location. Multivariate regression analysis adjusted for tumor thickness/diameter and proximity to foveola/optic disc showed no benefit of any location.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Across all fundus regions, UM occurred most often in the central region. Uveal melanoma in the central region was smaller in thickness and base and demonstrated more favorable MFS compared to other quadrants, clock hours, and anteroposterior zones. Analysis of the 49 zones showed no benefit of tumor location alone after adjusting for tumor size and proximity to foveola and optic disc.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lacrimal History - Part 13: Doyens of Dacryology Series - Johann Zacharias Platner (1694-1747) and His Dissertation (1724) 'De Fistula Lacrymali'.","authors":"Mohammad Javed Ali","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2507479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2507479","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144094714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Tooth to Vision: A Decade of Breakthroughs in Osteo-Odonto-Keratoprosthesis (OOKP) and Modified OOKP-Global Insights into Surgical Techniques, Outcomes, and Pioneering Research.","authors":"Alexandra France, Harsha De Silva, Darryl Tong, Li Mei, Guangzhao Guan","doi":"10.1080/08820538.2025.2503910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08820538.2025.2503910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis (OOKP), or \"tooth-in-eye\" surgery, is a pivotal technique developed for the treatment of severe corneal blindness in patients unsuitable for traditional corneal transplantation. This review aims to highlight the evolution, current advancements, and global adoption of OOKP, particularly for individuals with end-stage ocular surface disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive and systematic literature search was conducted across Embase, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published between 2014 and 2024, using the keyword search terms: \"osteo-odontokeratoprosthesis\" OR osteoodontokeratoprosthesis OR \"osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis\" OR OOKP OR MOOKP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>OOKP remains uniquely effective for cases of severe ocular surface damage, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome and chemical or thermal burns. Long-term data demonstrate consistent visual rehabilitation and prosthesis retention across diverse populations in Europe, Asia, and South America. Advancements have improved tissue integration and reduced complications like graft resorption and secondary glaucoma. Innovations in surgical precision have further minimized tissue trauma and improved postoperative stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite its complexity, OOKP continues to evolve through surgical and material innovations, reflecting a sustained global commitment to improving visual outcomes in patients with otherwise untreatable corneal blindness. The continuous refinement of this technique holds promise for expanding its accessibility and success worldwide, paving the way for future advancements in keratoprosthesis surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":21702,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Ophthalmology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144080060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}