Sensors and Actuators A-physical最新文献_第7页

Mechanical behavior monitoring of a large-scale prefabricated subway station during assembly using fiber optic sensors 基于光纤传感器的大型装配式地铁车站装配过程力学行为监测

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117546

Chengyu Hong , Siyan Lin , Shamsher Sadiq , Shuban Ali , Min Zhu , Ping Guo , Zhihong Duan

{"title":"Mechanical behavior monitoring of a large-scale prefabricated subway station during assembly using fiber optic sensors","authors":"Chengyu Hong , Siyan Lin , Shamsher Sadiq , Shuban Ali , Min Zhu , Ping Guo , Zhihong Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large-scale prefabricated structural components of subway stations can experience significant mechanical demands during assembly due to their size, weight, and the construction sequence. This study analyzed the mechanical behavior of prefabricated subway station joints and structural members (base slab, sidewalls, and top slab) during the assembly process using Distributed Fiber Optic Sensing (DFOS) and Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) sensor technologies. Strain variations, bending moments, and axial forces were examined to assess the influence of different assembly stages on structural performance. The results revealed that all joints-maintained strains within a safe margin of 40 με, but more significant strain disturbances were observed during the top slab assembly, with peak strains reaching −33 με. The top slab assembly also contributed the most to joint axial forces and bending moments, with contributions reaching up to 92.6 % and 96.2 %, respectively, emphasizing its critical impact on joint behavior. The base slab exhibited significant strain variations, with peak strains of 393.8 με (tensile) and −260.01 με (compressive) after the top slab assembly. In addition, axial forces in the sidewalls increased by up to 36.5 %, while bending moments in the base slab increased by 52.6 %. The study highlights the importance of precise alignment and localized reinforcement, particularly at critical joints, to ensure structural safety and minimize deformation. The use of DOFS proved highly effective in capturing continuous, high-resolution strain data, enabling precise assessment of structural behavior and providing valuable insights for risk control in prefabricated subway station assembly construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117546"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Compact optical fiber sensor system featuring tunable sensitivity and real-time wireless interrogation 紧凑的光纤传感器系统，具有可调的灵敏度和实时无线询问

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117545

Aayush Madan, Yaowen Yang

{"title":"Compact optical fiber sensor system featuring tunable sensitivity and real-time wireless interrogation","authors":"Aayush Madan, Yaowen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an intensity-based fiber optic sensor leveraging chirp fiber Bragg grating (CFBG), method, and system to produce clean, stable, and reliable signals for strain, temperature and vibration measurement. The sensor incorporates an interrogating CFBG with a center wavelength and bandwidth tailored to the specifications of sensing CFBG. This design ensures compatibility between the interrogating and sensing gratings, enabling accurate measurement through their optical spectrum overlap. The design layout also features an optical power adjustment mechanism that allows sensitivity to be configured for specific application needs. The research also details development of an optoelectronic interrogator prototype (or interrogator), enabling real-time, wireless signal acquisition from remote locations. This interrogator is characterized by its compact size, reflection-mode architecture, scalable configuration, portability, and cost-effectiveness. Under the optical test configuration, the sensor exhibits a strain sensitivity coefficient of 0.73 relative to the baseline optical power. The interrogator was evaluated over a strain range of up to 3000 µε, achieving a sensitivity of 0.82 mV/µε. The temperature sensitivity was measured to be 7.2 mV/°C. Furthermore, the time-domain response obtained from the long-term stability test demonstrates temporal consistency, with a moderate drift confined within ±5%, an hourly sampled coefficient of variation below 0.03, and autocorrelation coefficients exceeding 0.85. The advancement of such techniques holds significant potential to drive widespread deployment and adoption of fiber-optic sensing technologies functioning as optical nodes across diverse industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117545"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A flexible self-powered pentacene/Ga2O3 heterojunction solar-blind ultraviolet photodetector 柔性自供电的并五苯/Ga2O3异质结太阳盲紫外探测器

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117488

Chenglong Zhou, Yongsheng Tan, Anbiao Gui, Shunwei Zhu, Shunhang Wei, Zebo Fang, Qiufeng Ye

{"title":"A flexible self-powered pentacene/Ga2O3 heterojunction solar-blind ultraviolet photodetector","authors":"Chenglong Zhou, Yongsheng Tan, Anbiao Gui, Shunwei Zhu, Shunhang Wei, Zebo Fang, Qiufeng Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a self-powered pentacene/Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> heterojunction solar-blind ultraviolet (UV) photodetector was fabricated on a flexible mica substrate using magnetron sputtering and thermal evaporation. The device exhibits excellent self-powered characteristics under 254 nm solar-blind UV illumination. Under 254 nm irradiation with an intensity of 200 <span><math><mi>μ</mi></math></span>W/cm<sup>2</sup> at 0 V bias, the device achieved a responsivity of 2.11 mA/W, a specific detectivity of <span><math><mn>3.05</mn><mo>×</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mn>11</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> Jones, and a photo-to-dark current ratio of 2800. The rise and fall times were 0.69 s and 1.39 s, respectively. Furthermore, mechanical bending tests were conducted on the flexible device. After 700 bending cycles at a 30<span><math><msup><mspace></mspace><mo>∘</mo></msup></math></span>, no significant degradation was observed in the current–voltage characteristics or the responsivity at 0 V bias, demonstrating its outstanding mechanical robustness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117488"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-sensitivity electrically isolated differential strain gauge with temperature compensation for precise force measurements 具有温度补偿的高灵敏度电隔离差分应变计，用于精确的力测量

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117516

Sijia Ling , Xiaopeng Chen , Minyu Dai , Jin Zhang , Zhengyin Yu , Jiawen Yin , Jiawen Jian , Qinghui Jin

{"title":"High-sensitivity electrically isolated differential strain gauge with temperature compensation for precise force measurements","authors":"Sijia Ling , Xiaopeng Chen , Minyu Dai , Jin Zhang , Zhengyin Yu , Jiawen Yin , Jiawen Jian , Qinghui Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Strain gauges are critical for high precision force sensing in complex robotic environments. However, existing technologies suffer from weak output signals, temperature sensitivity, stiffness–sensitivity trade-off, and challenges in batch fabrication. In this work, a novel electrically isolated differential strain gauge based on SOI (Silicon-On-Insulator) and MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) technology is proposed. A differential grid structure design with doped silicon to enhance sensitivity and accuracy. The SOI insulating layer effectively isolates leakage currents and suppresses temperature drift in concert with the optimized etching process. The integrated temperature element further ensures stability under complex operating conditions. The GF (gauge factor) reaches 155 within 0–145 με, demonstrating exceptionally high sensitivity. Each major error is controlled at a low level (<0.35 %). Furthermore, comparative experiments confirm that the temperature characteristics of the SOI full-bridge strain gauge substantially outperform those of bulk silicon. The proposed strain gauge demonstrates remarkable high sensitivity and low temperature drift, with considerable application potential in precision assembly, minimally invasive surgery, and human-computer interaction in robotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117516"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electrochemical aptasensor for non-invasive detection of lactoferrin: A potential biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease 用于无创检测乳铁蛋白的电化学感应传感器：阿尔茨海默病的潜在生物标志物

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117504

Damini Verma , Aadi Jeevaraj , B.S. Unnikrishnan , Devesh Bhimsaria , Gopinath Packirisamy

{"title":"Electrochemical aptasensor for non-invasive detection of lactoferrin: A potential biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Damini Verma , Aadi Jeevaraj , B.S. Unnikrishnan , Devesh Bhimsaria , Gopinath Packirisamy","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Here, we report the fabrication of a reusable, label-free, non-invasive, and reagent-less aptasensor for direct electrochemical detection of lactoferrin (LF), a significant biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The sensor was constructed by immobilizing thiolated aptamer of LF on a gold screen-printed electrode (AuSPE), followed by backfilling 6-Mercapto-1-hexanol (MCH) to form the MCH/Apt-LF/AuSPE aptasensor. The aptasensor was characterized using FESEM, FTIR, DPV, EIS and CV techniques. It revealed broad linear detection from 0.001 to 500 μg/mL, with a sensitivity of 13.072 μA [log<sub>10</sub> (μg/mL)]<sup>−1</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup> along with a very low detection limit of 0.0007 μg/mL and limit of quantification of 0.0024 µg/mL as per the DPV technique. It showed remarkable reproducibility and selectivity towards varying interferents found in saliva, offering fast, reagent-less, and sensitive determination of LF in AD evaluation. Additionally, the fabricated aptasensor exhibited an acceptable %RSD, remaining below 8.88% for the spiked artificial saliva sample. The developed platform shows promise for extension to the early, non-invasive diagnosis of other neurodegenerative disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117504"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tailoring oxygen vacancies and morphology in La-doped CeO2thin films for highly responsive gaseous NH3 sensing at room temperature 用于室温下高响应气体NH3传感的la掺杂ceo2薄膜的氧空位和形态

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117528

Devarajan Alagarasan , S.S. Hegde , R. Naik , B. Shanmugavelu , Kumar Haunsbhavi , Hitha D. Shetty , K. Deva Arun Kumar , A. Anto Jeffery , Mohamed Benghanem , I.M. Ashraf , Mohd. Shkir

{"title":"Tailoring oxygen vacancies and morphology in La-doped CeO2thin films for highly responsive gaseous NH3 sensing at room temperature","authors":"Devarajan Alagarasan , S.S. Hegde , R. Naik , B. Shanmugavelu , Kumar Haunsbhavi , Hitha D. Shetty , K. Deva Arun Kumar , A. Anto Jeffery , Mohamed Benghanem , I.M. Ashraf , Mohd. Shkir","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evade the health risks posed by hazardous ammonia exposure, there is a growing need for sensitive and reliable NH<sub>3</sub> gas sensors that can function effectively at room temperature (RT). In the present report, the fabrication and characterization of La-doped cerium oxide (CeO<sub>2</sub>) thin films synthesized via nebulizer spray pyrolysis (NSP) method was studied. Thin films deposited with varying La doping concentrations (1–5 wt%) were analyzed for their structural, morphological, optical, photoluminescence, and gas sensing properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the fluorite cubic structure with improved crystallinity, while FESEM analysis revealed a rougher and more porous surface composed of large-sized grains at 4 wt% La doping. Photoluminescence (PL) studies and XPS analysis indicated an increase in oxygen vacancy defect states upon La doping into CeO<sub>2</sub>, which is favorable for gas sensing. UV–Vis spectroscopy showed bandgap narrowing up to 4 wt% La doping, attributed to electron transfer from O 2p to Ce 4 f states and the formation of defect levels. NH<sub>3</sub> gas sensing measurements demonstrated that the 4 wt% La-doped CeO<sub>2</sub> thin film exhibited the highest gas response of 3130, with fast rise and fall times of 5.7 s and 6.3 s, respectively, at 250 ppm NH<sub>3</sub> concentration. Additionally, the sensor showed high selectivity toward NH<sub>3</sub>, good humidity tolerance, and long-term stability. The synergistic effects of optimized doping concentration, enhanced oxygen vacancies, and favourable morphology contribute to the superior sensing performance, making La-doped CeO<sub>2</sub> a promising candidate for efficient, low-temperature NH<sub>3</sub> gas sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Highly sensitive and wide-range flexible piezoresistive sensor based on a porous CNT-PDMS sponge and laser-induced graphene electrodes 基于多孔CNT-PDMS海绵和激光诱导石墨烯电极的高灵敏度和宽量程柔性压阻传感器

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117561

Chunli Luo , Shengchang Ren , Jianyu Yan , Wei Zhao , Weiguo Yan

{"title":"Highly sensitive and wide-range flexible piezoresistive sensor based on a porous CNT-PDMS sponge and laser-induced graphene electrodes","authors":"Chunli Luo , Shengchang Ren , Jianyu Yan , Wei Zhao , Weiguo Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible pressure sensors play a crucial role in the application scenarios of electronic skin and wearable devices. Among them, high sensitivity and wide measurement range, as key performance parameters, are decisive for improving the overall performance of the pressure sensors. In this study, flexible piezoresistive sensors based on porous carbon nanotube (CNT) compound Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) Sponge are successfully prepared by a straightforward and efficient fabrication method. During the fabrication process, CNT-PDMS sponge-like(CPS) composite material are synthesized by incorporating CNTs as conductive fillers and sugars with varying particle sizes as porogen agents into PDMS. Furthermore, the electrical conductivity of the porous CNT-PDMS sponges is tunable through the dip-coating process using diverse CNT solutions onto the CPS substrates. The laser-induced graphene (LIG) was used as an electrode to construct a flexible piezoresistive sensor with a sandwich structure. The sensor exhibits high sensitivity (22.5 kPa<sup>−1</sup>), a wide measurement range (0–110 kPa), and stable performance over 10,000 cycles. Additionally, the sensor exhibits superior performance in monitoring full-body movements, such as elbow flexion, finger flexion, and finger presses. The CNT@CPS sensor matrix is also proficient in precise measurement of pressure distributions, promising significant applications in fields such as wearable medical monitoring, intelligent robotics, and advanced human-machine interfaces.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117561"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146170841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A high-performance piezoelectric MEMS microspeaker with flexible spring-patterned cantilevers 一种具有弹性弹簧悬臂梁的高性能压电MEMS微扬声器

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117522

Ning Deng , Xinyu Ding , Xudong Ma , Hui Shang , Jin Xu , Ke Cao , Kangfu Chen , Huikai Xie

{"title":"A high-performance piezoelectric MEMS microspeaker with flexible spring-patterned cantilevers","authors":"Ning Deng , Xinyu Ding , Xudong Ma , Hui Shang , Jin Xu , Ke Cao , Kangfu Chen , Huikai Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117522","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117522","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a quasi-closed—flexible cantilever spring piezoelectric MEMS speaker structure based on the design of the 3 mm × 3 mm diaphragm in a quasi-enclosed cantilever spring structure. To mitigate the problem of low-frequency acoustic leakage, which arises from the differential strain between the central diaphragm and the outer diaphragm, a 2μm thick parylene C flexible film was employed. This parylene film resulted in the formation of a quasi-closed flexible cantilever spring structure, effectively enhancing the acoustic seal. The device can achieve the SPL output of more than 94 dB in the full frequency range of 20 Hz-20 kHz onwards for actuation voltages of 10 V<sub><em>pp</em></sub> & 5 V<sub><em>DC</em></sub>. In addition, the THD peak at high frequency harmonics is effectively reduced by controlling the output phase of the dual electrodes of the diaphragm. The experimental findings underscore the critical role of phase difference in enhancing the acoustic characteristics of piezoelectric MEMS speakers. By fine-tuning the phase difference of the driver signal within a designated frequency spectrum, there is a notable reduction in the THD near the resonant frequency, alongside the preservation of a high output sound pressure level. This research offers a robust framework and an innovative optimization strategy aimed at enhancing the acoustic output of piezoelectric MEMS loudspeakers across their entire frequency spectrum.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117522"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146025225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-powered sensing arrays with single-channel readout and damage-tolerant capability 具有单通道读出和容错能力的自供电传感阵列

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117527

Borong Chen , Hongxin Hong , Qian Wei , Yuhang Han , Hao Wu

{"title":"Self-powered sensing arrays with single-channel readout and damage-tolerant capability","authors":"Borong Chen , Hongxin Hong , Qian Wei , Yuhang Han , Hao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117527","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-powered sensing arrays for human–machine interaction (HMI) offer a promising alternative to conventional systems by eliminating the need for external power supplies. However, scaling such arrays often requires multi-channel readout architectures, which introduce wiring complexity and compromise robustness. To address this, we present a damage-tolerant, self-powered sensor array that uses an impedance-modulated single-channel readout (ISR-SA) for multi-site sensing with minimal hardware. The array’s parallel units are uniquely encoded by modulated resistors, which connect to the readout loop upon activation, converting spatial information into a single channel with distinct electrical signatures. To mitigate misinterpretation arising from analogous voltage peaks, we introduce a machine learning-based demodulation framework that leverages both peak voltage and signal shape features. This approach achieves 98.3 % recognition accuracy under manual pressing and sustains stable performance over 34,000 s of continuous operation. Moreover, the system exhibits damage tolerance, maintaining functionality even when some sensors fail. We demonstrate practical applicability through a self-powered numeric keyboard and a virtual vehicle controller, offering a low-power, minimally wired HMI solution suitable for integration into Internet of Things (IoT) and wearable devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A low-magnetic-field laser emitter module with dual-layer microcoil for chip-scale atomic magnetometer applications 一种用于芯片级原子磁强计的双层微线圈低磁场激光发射器模块

IF 4.9 3区工程技术

Sensors and Actuators A-physical Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.sna.2026.117544

Jianwei Hou , Yanbin Wang , Fengming Ye , Jiaxiang Wang , Mengqiu Li , Mingzhi Yu , Faheng Zang , Dezhao Li , Xiaojun Guo , Zhuoqing Yang

{"title":"A low-magnetic-field laser emitter module with dual-layer microcoil for chip-scale atomic magnetometer applications","authors":"Jianwei Hou , Yanbin Wang , Fengming Ye , Jiaxiang Wang , Mengqiu Li , Mingzhi Yu , Faheng Zang , Dezhao Li , Xiaojun Guo , Zhuoqing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sna.2026.117544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chip-scale atomic magnetometers (CSAMs) facilitate high-precision measurements of ultra-weak magnetic fields, which are increasingly vital for portable applications, biomedical sensing, including magnetoencephalography (MEG) and magnetocardiography (MCG) and resource exploration. As a pivotal component, the laser source provides the specific wavelengths required to induce spin polarization in alkali metal atoms within the vapor cell. However, conventional Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) are often limited by the stringent requirements for miniaturization and low magnetic interference in atomic magnetometers, primarily due to the induced magnetic fields generated by the integrated temperature-controlled coil. To address these challenges, this paper presents a laser emitter with Magnetic-field-suppressed Coils (LEMC). By configuring opposing current directions in adjacent windings, the magnetic fields generated by the energized wires are locally attenuated, achieving a significant suppression of the macroscopic induced magnetic field. Simulations of various current direction layouts demonstrate the superiority of the double-layer coil configuration in reducing magnetic interference. A silicon substrate with a deposited Si<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> thin film serves as the thermal interface layer to ensure a precise temperature response. Experimental results demonstrate a residual magnetic field sensitivity of 0.49 nT/mA at a distance of 2 mm from the coil surface, while maintaining a temperature control stability of ±0.005°C at 80°C. The experiments also validated the stable temperature regulation of the coil and the wavelength tunability of the VCSEL. The proposed design represents a viable approach for applications in atomic sensors based on quantum mechanics principles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21689,"journal":{"name":"Sensors and Actuators A-physical","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 117544"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0