Scientia Horticulturae最新文献

{"title":"Investigating growth, root development, and chlorophyll fluorescence of tomato scions and rootstocks under UV-B stress in a plant factory with artificial lighting","authors":"Hwichan Yang ,&nbsp;Youngho Kim ,&nbsp;Yunhyeong Bae ,&nbsp;Soonjae Hyeon ,&nbsp;Minseong Choi ,&nbsp;Dongcheol Jang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant factories with artificial lighting (PFALs) provide a controlled environment for seedling production, helping overcome challenges posed by fluctuating weather conditions. UV-B irradiation enhances plant physiology by increasing flavonoid accumulation, strengthening disease resistance, and improving seedling vigor. However, because of species specific and context dependent responses, researchers must further investigate the appropriate timing and dosage of UV-B exposure. Herein, we aimed to determine the optimal UV-B irradiation timing and dose for tomato scions and rootstocks in PFALs. We categorized the irradiation period into three stages ST1 {3–7 days after sowing (DAS)}, ST2 (8–12 DAS), and ST3 (13–17 DAS) and tested doses of 1.44, 2.88, and 5.76 kJ·<em>m</em>⁻²·d⁻¹. At ST2, the 5.76 kJ·<em>m</em>⁻²·d⁻¹ dose reduced plant height by 2.3 cm (28 %) in scions and 4.5 cm (34 %) in rootstocks compared with the control. In the rhizosphere, higher UV-B doses inhibited root development, whereas ST3 1.44–2.88 kJ·<em>m</em>⁻²·d⁻¹ promoted growth. Scions exposed to ST2 5.76 kJ·<em>m</em>⁻²·d⁻¹ showed a 2.3 % increase in dry matter content compared to the control, reaching 9.5 %. The compactness of the rootstock increased to 6.4 mg·cm⁻¹ under conditions of ST2 2.88 kJ·<em>m</em>⁻²·d⁻¹, 1.9 mg·cm⁻¹ (42 %) increase compared to the control 4.5 mg·cm⁻¹. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters reflected stress responses: F_V/F_M and PI_ABS significantly decreased at ST3 5.76 kJ·<em>m</em>⁻²·d⁻¹, whereas DI₀/RC significantly increased. These results demonstrate that carefully adjusting UV-B timing and dosage can help reduce plant damage and regulate growth, supporting the production of high-quality tomato seedlings in PFALs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114191"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kiwifruit ecophysiological adaptations under moderate and severe deficit irrigation","authors":"Rafael Dreux Miranda Fernandes,&nbsp;Melissa Venturi,&nbsp;Andrea Giovannini,&nbsp;Brunella Morandi","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114193","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114193","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precision irrigation scheduling in fruit crops requires good knowledge of water relations. Knowing plants’ behavior and the strategies to be adopted under water stress allows irrigation scheduling to maximize water productivity and minimize water losses. Therefore, the aim of this study is (i) to analyze the relationships between sap flux density, leaf stomatal conductance and fruit diameter daily fluctuations, understanding the water dynamics among plant tissues, and (ii) to understand the effect of deficit irrigation on the fruit size and quality. <em>Actinidia chinensis</em> var. <em>chinensis</em> vines were submitted to four irrigation treatments, applied as percentages of crop evapotranspiration (ETc): 100 %, 68 %, 57 % and 40 % of ETc. Four vines per treatment were monitored with sap flow probes, using the Tmax method, and the same vines had fruit gauges installed to obtain continuous measurements of fruit diameter variations. Measurements of leaf gas exchange were performed throughout the day on six days during the season. Fruit dry matter content was also measured three times during the season and at harvest, together with fruit quality parameters (soluble solids content, firmness, and titratable acidity) at harvest. The comparison of the daily dynamics of sap flux density and leaf stomatal conductance reveals that sap flow continues rising after the beginning of stomatal closure, indicating refilling of storage tissues such as branches and leaves. However, fruit refilling starts at night, when there is less competition for water. Fruit average diameter (Ø_f) was significantly higher at the 68 % ETc treatment in comparison to control (100 % ETc), being this also significantly higher than the other deficit irrigation treatments (57 % and 40 % ETc). A vapor pressure deficit threshold was identified, above which stomata start to close, regardless of irrigation treatment. Deficit irrigation affected negatively kiwifruit vines sap flux density. Optimized irrigation management, avoiding overirrigation, might lead to higher fruit dry matter content without significantly reducing fruit diameter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114193"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144098819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing soil health assessment and improvement strategies in green plum (Vatica mangachapoi Blanco) Orchards: Insights from southeast China","authors":"Jiangzhou Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin Cheng ,&nbsp;Delian Ye ,&nbsp;Muhammad Abu Bakar Saddique ,&nbsp;Muhammad Atif Muneer ,&nbsp;Haigang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil health assessment effectively identifies key soil-limiting factors, enabling targeted decisions for agricultural management. Hence, the selection of representative soil indicators and appropriate assessment approaches is critical for effective evaluation. However, most studies focus solely on evaluating soil health without offering actionable strategies to improve soil health, especially in cash crop systems. In this study, soil samples were collected from green plum orchards in Zhao County, southeast China, to establish a minimum data set (MDS) and assess soil health using the Comprehensive Assessment of Soil Health (CASH), as well as linear (L) and nonlinear (NL) methods. Subsequently, field experiments, including conventional farming practice (CFP) and soil health management (SHM) treatments, were conducted to improve soil health. The results showed that sand, aggregate stability (AgStab), pH, available potassium (AK), iron (Fe), POXC, respiration, and β-glucosidase (BG) were critical indicators for MDS. Soil health indices (SHIs) calculated using the CASH, L, and NL methods based on MDS were 0.48, 0.47, and 0.46, respectively, indicating a moderate level of soil health. SHIs derived from TDS (total data set) and MDS showed a significant positive correlation. The CASH approach was identified as the most effective method for calculating SHI, as it exhibited the highest coefficient of variation (CV) compared to the L and NL methods. In the field experiments, the soil pH, AK, Ca, Mg, SOM, POXC, and protein content were significantly higher under the SHM treatment than under the CFP treatment. The SHM treatment also significantly improved the SHI (0.57) and the yield of green plum (27.3 t ha⁻¹), compared to the CFP treatment (SHI, 0.52; CFP, 13.6 t ha⁻¹). These findings demonstrate that MDS-based PCA is an effective tool for assessing soil health in green plum orchards in Southeast China. Moreover, SHM practices can synergistically improve soil health and crop yield, providing insights into mitigating soil constraints and promoting sustainable development in green plum production systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulation of proanthocyanidin accumulation by VvMYB1 in response to vine water constraint in 'Marselan' grape berries","authors":"Xiaobin Xue ,&nbsp;Chenyang Hou ,&nbsp;Pengcheng Yang ,&nbsp;Hongyuan Hu ,&nbsp;Linxin Li ,&nbsp;Jinyang Li ,&nbsp;Hongjun Liu ,&nbsp;Yu Zhou ,&nbsp;Lin Ning ,&nbsp;Dongmei Li ,&nbsp;Zhenping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proanthocyanidin (PA) is primary flavonoid compound in grape berries and red wines, helping plants resist various abiotic stresses. However, the specific role of PA in response to water constraints has not been extensively studied. In this study, six-year-old field grown 'Marselan' (<em>Vitis vinifera</em> L.) grapevines were subjected to different levels of water constraint in 2022, including well-irrigated (CK) and moderate water constraint (MW) treatments. The main objective was to evaluate the impact of vine water status on PA metabolism and investigate the underlying mechanism. The results indicated that MW treatment not only improved grape berries quality but also significantly increased the content of proanthocyanidin B1 (PB1), PB2, PB3, and PC1. Moreover, transcriptome sequencing and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that MW treatment led to higher expression levels of <em>VvLAR2</em> and <em>VvMYB1</em> at the pre-berry development compared to other stages. Furthermore, yeast one-hybrid (Y1H) and dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that VvMYB1 directly bound and activated the promoter (CAACTG site) of <em>VvLAR2.</em> Finally, overexpression of the <em>VvMYB1</em> gene in grape berries and callus resulted in enhanced PA accumulation. Meanwhile, the expression level of <em>VvLAR2</em> was also increased. The above results suggest that <em>VvMYB1</em> positively controls PA accumulation. This study provides a new understanding of the connection between PA biosynthesis and vine water status.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in cell wall components on berry texture and adhesion strength of table grape ‘Shine muscat’ at different ripening stages","authors":"Koji Oida ,&nbsp;Motoko Matsui ,&nbsp;Yukari Muramoto ,&nbsp;Akihiro Itai","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to investigate how fruit texture and cell wall composition change during the ripening stage of ‘Shine Muscat’. The physical properties of the berries, including adhesive strength between flesh and skin, were measured at different stages of maturity. The cell wall components were analyzed by dividing the berries into three parts: central berry flesh, flesh around skin, and skin. The adhesive strength between the flesh and skin increased from 1.2 N at 28 days after the veraison to 1.6 N at 49 days after the veraison. In addition, at 56 days after veraison, the second fracture strain rate was &lt;100 %, indicating that the texture was suitable for eating without peeling the skin.</div><div>With respect to the central berry flesh content of cell wall components changed slightly with maturation. However, in the flesh around the skin, both pectin and hemicellulose showed an increasing trend with maturity, and their content increased significantly 49 days after veraison, when the adhesive strength between the skin and flesh increased. In pectin, arabinose was found to be the most prominent monosaccharide. Contents of cell wall components in the flesh varied by site of berry. Specifically, changes in the adhesion of skin and flesh at different maturity can be attributed to changes in the pectin and hemicellulose structures in the flesh around the skin. As the fruit ripened, changes were observed in the composition of the cell walls in the flesh around the skin, suggesting that these changes may have affected the texture of the berry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114198"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of daily light integral on irrigation needs and flowering of greenhouse-grown geranium and petunia","authors":"Anju Chaudhary,&nbsp;Shital Poudyal","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Daily light integral (DLI) is a key factor in greenhouse production of geranium and petunia, significantly affecting their growth, flowering and water use. Optimizing greenhouse light intensity can enhance plant growth and flowering while reducing plant water needs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify irrigation water savings achieved by lowering DLI and to determine the optimal DLI that ensure highest plant quality with lowest plant water requirement. Plugs of the geranium and petunia were grown in 3.8 L containers and were maintained at close to 30 % volumetric water content (VWC) using the mass balance method. Four DLI treatments 2.8, 4.9, 6.9, and 17.4 mol.m^-2.d^-1, were maintained using 40 %, 70 %, and 90 % black shade cloth and high-pressure sodium lamp respectively. Photoperiod was maintained at 16-hour light and 8-hour dark periods. The total water use of geranium and petunia was found to have a linear relationship with DLI treatments with an R-squared value of 83.7 % and 92 %, respectively. Reducing DLI from 17.4 to 6.9 mol.m^-2.d^-1 saved 6.86 liters (32 %) of water per plant for geranium and 9.5 liters (36 %) of water per plant for petunias. This saving was largely because of reduced stomatal conductance in plants growing at lower DLI. There was a linear reduction in flower number and plant dry weight as DLI decreased, with the lowest values observed at 2.8 mol·m⁻²·d⁻¹ in both species. However, flowering was delayed only at the lowest DLI (2.8 mol·m⁻²·d⁻¹), while moderate to high DLI levels (4.9 - 17.4 mol·m⁻²·d⁻¹) resulted in similar and earlier flowering times for both geranium and petunia. Interestingly, water use efficiency was highest at a DLI of 4.9 mol·m⁻²·d⁻¹ for geranium and 6.9 mol·m⁻²·d⁻¹ for petunia, indicating that these plants use water more efficiently at moderate DLI. Overall, these results suggest that optimizing DLI to moderate levels can help greenhouse growers significantly reduce water use without compromising flowering time or overall plant marketability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114188"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144089434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosolarization and biofumigation using virus-infected crop debris fail to inactivate tomato brown rugose fruit virus and cucumber green mottle mosaic virus in soil and substrates","authors":"D. Janssen,&nbsp;J.I. Marín-Guirao,&nbsp;M. de Cara-García","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil biofumigation (SBF) and biosolarisation (SBS) are sustainable practices used for the control of soilborne pathogens, parasitic nematodes and weeds, based in the burial of fresh organic matter in the agricultural soil. The use of in-farm crop debris for SBF and SBS, allows farmers to conform to circular economy and bioeconomy guidelines, together with the management of the mentioned crop health issues. ToBRFV and CGMMV are currently the most alarming tobamoviruses affecting tomato and cucurbitaceous crops worldwide, respectively. In the present paper we used plant debris from tomato and cucumber plants infected with ToBRFV and CGMMV, respectively, to perform SBF and SBS, with the aim of controlling both viruses. SBF and SBS conditions were simulated under controlled experiments using a soil from a Mediterranean greenhouse, as well as three crop substrates: perlite, peat moss and coco peat. Treated soils were analyzed at 15 days intervals until day 60, by means of bioassays for virus detection and symptomatology on tomato/cucumber seedlings cultivated for 3 weeks. Results evidenced that burying plants infected with ToBRFV or CGMMV as biofumigant material in soil and substrates under biosolarization or biofumigation conditions for up to 2 months did not alter the ability to transmit the virus to susceptible seedlings, causing the expression of viral symptoms and accumulating high viral loads. Incorporating plant debris in SBF and SBS treatments benefits Mediterranean greenhouses by reducing waste, enriching soil organic matter, and controlling soil pathogens. However, using tobamovirus-infected debris poses a high risk of virus transmission, leading to soil contamination and limiting the cultivation of susceptible plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114195"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144130771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of fruit maturity on fruit quality and skin structural composition of ‘Picnic’ apples at harvest and during cold storage","authors":"Jung-Geun Kwon ,&nbsp;Jingi Yoo ,&nbsp;Seung-Yeol Lee ,&nbsp;Nay Myo Win ,&nbsp;In-Kyu Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fruit maturity highly influences the quality and storability of apples. Hence, this study investigated the influence of fruit maturity on the fruit quality and skin structural deformation of ‘Picnic’ apples at harvest and during cold storage (0 °C) for 6 months. Apples were harvested based on the 1‒8 scales of Cornell’s starch pattern index (SPI) method at low (SPI-6), medium (SPI-7), and high (SPI-8) maturity stages, respectively. The SPI-8 fruit was the heaviest at harvest, with higher soluble solids content, a deeper red skin coloration, and lower firmness and titratable acidity (TA) compared to other fruit. However, during postharvest storage, the SPI-8 fruit ripened faster than the SPI-6 and -7 fruit, resulting in reduced firmness, TA, weight, and red coloration. The micro-cracks that appeared at harvest were increasingly enlarged during storage, particularly in the skins of SPI-8 fruit. However, the lenticels and opened lenticel density were not noticeably different among SPI treatments. The cuticle thickness and morphological properties of epidermal cells steadily increased during storage in all the fruit maturity stages. The cuticular wax-associated genes such as <em>MdCER1, MdCER6</em>, and <em>MdLACS1</em> were up-regulated, while <em>MdCER4, MdWSD1</em>, and <em>MdMAH1</em> were down-regulated, particularly in the SPI-8 fruit compared to that of SPI-6 and -7 fruit. Overall, these results suggest that the ‘Picnic’ apples harvested at higher maturity stages improve fruit size, pigment coloration, and sugar levels, but reduce firmness and acidity, leading to greater loss in fruit quality and skin structural integrity during postharvest storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114192"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morpho-chemical response of Rosa hybrida L. cultivars to the different source of calcium fertilizers under hydroponic conditions","authors":"Saeed Khosravi ,&nbsp;Ali Tehranifar ,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Khoshgoftarmanesh ,&nbsp;Yahya Selahvarzi ,&nbsp;Leyla Cheheltanan","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114181","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The stability of the flower stem, large bud size, and desirable postharvest life are key characteristics of high-quality roses, directly influenced by calcium content. This study introduces novel insights into the synergistic effects of calcium fertilizers—calcium amino acid chelates and calcium silicate—compared with calcium nitrate, a common fertilizer, on flower quality, antioxidant enzyme activity, nutritional value, and postharvest life of two grafted rose (<em>Rosa hybrida</em> L.) cultivars (‘Samurai’ and ‘Jumilia’). Nutrient solutions containing calcium nitrate, calcium- glycine chelates and calcium silicate were prepared with control treatment compromising 10% of the calcium fertilizer requirement. Calcium silicate uniqly improved root length and volume, root potassium and phosphorous concentrations in “Samurai” cultivar and root iron and leaf magnesium in “Jumilia” cultivar, contributing to increased structural stability and extended postharvest performance. Calcium nitrate significantly increased leaf and root nitrogen concentrations and total root protein in “Samurai” cultivar. Calcium concentrations of root in “Jumilia” cultivar, leaf and petal in “Samurai” cultivar were significantly higher with the application of the calcium-glycine chelate. Calcium-glycine chelate improved leaf calcium and photosynthetic rate in “Samurai” cultivar. Moreover, calcium-glycine chelate significantly enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, POD, SOD), which plays a crucial role in delaying senescence and extending vase life. This resulted in a minimum relative percentage reduction in the fresh weight. These findings suggest that novel calcium formulations can effectively improve the commercial quality and longevity of roses in hydroponic systems, offering both economic and environmental benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping of novel non-race 1 Verticillium wilt resistance QTLs in tomato using high-density linkage map construction","authors":"Sikandar Amanullah ,&nbsp;Reza Shekasteband","doi":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scienta.2025.114199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Verticillium wilt (VW), caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen (<em>Verticillium dahliae</em>), poses a major threat to tomato production in temperate climates, including Western North Carolina and the nearby states. There is a dire need to develop disease-resistant lines by understanding the in-depth genetic basis of unexplored VW resistance in tomato germplasms. In this study, we developed segregating genetic mapping populations (F₂ and F₃) derived from a cross between two tomato lines, with moderate resistance to non-race 1 isolates of <em>V. dahliae</em>. The statistical analysis of the disease incidence and severity across three different environments with a history of natural disease pressure showed a complex and polygenetic nature of the resistance in the germplasm affected by the environment. A high percentage of the progenies showed high VW resistance due to transgressive segregation in the mapping populations. Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing of 95 F₂ individuals was used to generate a high-density SNP database validated by the high-coverage whole-genome sequencing of the parental lines. The bioinformatics analysis revealed a total of 3269 high-quality SNP markers that were used for genetic linkage map construction spanning a total of 5516 cM in length and with an average spacing of 1.69 cM, and a moderate number of recombination events and high genomic collinearity. Multiple QTL mapping-based analyses identified 9 QTLs across five different chromosomes (2, 4, 5, 6, and 11), explaining a range of 4.40–13.36 % of the variation in VW disease severity. Three QTLs on chromosomes 4, 5, and 6 showed major effects; furthermore, two neighboring QTLs on chromosomes 4 and 5 derived from one of the parental lines are probably the same or loosely linked loci stable across the environments. The identified QTL-SNP markers also illustrated allele-specific contributions to the low disease severity index values across three different environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21679,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Horticulturae","volume":"347 ","pages":"Article 114199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}