Izvestia of Smolensk State University最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the «Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian language» by V.I. Dahl and the Chinese «Kangxi Dictionary»","authors":"Ling Li","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-62-59-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-62-59-72","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of study in the presented work is a comparative analysis of explanatory dictionaries of Russian and Chinese languages based on the material of the «Explanatory Dictionary of the living Great Russian language» by V.I. Dahl and the Chinese «Kangxi Dictionary». The purpose of the analysis is to clarify the similarities and differences in the nature of the explanation of the meaning of words and to compile the structure of explanatory dictionaries in the Russian and Chinese lexicographic tradition. \u0000The study was conducted using a descriptive and comparative method, based on a comparative analysis of the structure and presentation of information in the dictionary entry of the dictionaries under study. \u0000The obtained conclusions allow us to note the similarities between the Russian and Chinese explanatory dictionary: 1) when explaining the meaning of a word, both dictionaries use the same (or similar) methods; 2) the structure of both dictionaries reflects the formal semantic connections between words; 3) both dictionaries \u0000in the process of interpreting words provide information of an ethnographic and linguocultural nature; 4) both Russian and Chinese explanatory dictionaries approach a dictionary of a combined type. The paper notes important differences in the structure of the alphabetic and hieroglyphic dictionary, in the nature of the dictionary information provided. \u0000The results of the research conducted in this article can be used in research and teaching activities related to the study of the lexicography of the Russian and Chinese languages.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Transport Route Dnieper – Oka («Passage along the Ugra») \u0000at the End of the 9th – Beginning of the 11th Centuries","authors":"Anatoliy Mayorov, Evgeniy Shinakov","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-125-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-125-139","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of this article is the route of the Oka trade route of the 9th-10th centuries AD. The path along the Oka River was an organic continuation of the wellknown Volga and Don trade routes. In most of the works of researchers, for a number \u0000of reasons, it was not considered as a route that directly went to the upper reaches of the Dnieper River, capable of acting as a direct transport route between the south and southeast of the Russian Plain on the one hand and the archaeological complex \u0000of Gnezdovo and the outskirts of Smolensk - from another. The analysis carried out by the authors of the article offered to the attention of readers shows that by now researchers have data at their disposal that allow us to talk about finding weighty \u0000arguments in favor of the previously unpopular hypothesis. These data are obtained by archeology and numismatics. The presence and functioning of the route described above in the last centuries of the first millennium does not at all negate the significance of the well-known trade routes – the Volga-Baltic, as well as «from the Varangians to the Greeks» – but was, apparently, their logical and effective addition.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"71 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethno-Cultural Metaphor of Daily Life as a Reflection of the National \u0000Language Picture of the World in the English Language","authors":"Yanina Voytalyanova, Svetlana Shelikhova","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-84-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-84-97","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the ethno-cultural metaphor as a phenomenon of cultural studies, reflecting the process of perception of the surrounding reality by a certain ethnos. The real world is perceived by the ethnos through the prism of thinking, \u0000comprehended and realized in speech through language. The functional ability of the language to transmit the values of the national culture allows getting an idea of the specific and general mechanisms and ways of implementing the concepts of everyday \u0000life by a specific ethnic group. The relationship between language and culture determines the relevance of studying the mechanisms and methods of transmitting the national language picture of the world. The article proposes to explore ethno-cultural \u0000metaphors that are often encountered in everyday life. The research material was the American edition of the magazine «Cosmopolitan», the journalistic style of presentation of the magazine is close to the style of communication between people in everyday life. It was revealed that in everyday life, people endow the most common words with metaphorical meaning that convey color designation, a person's relationship with food, with natural phenomena, with everything that surrounds a person \u0000everywhere from day to day. The study made an attempt to structure the selected material according to everyday communication and highlight some concepts related \u0000to colour designation (colours), natural phenomena night – day, morning – evening, food (here eating periods like breakfast – lunch – dinner – supper can be distinguished as well as concepts food tastes), and other concepts that convey the relationship of a person with his environment. \u0000As a result of the analysis of the ethno-cultural metaphor of everyday life, we received confirmation that ethno-cultural metaphors are a significant element of the national language picture of the world, as they convey the value orientations of the \u0000ethnos and reflect the mental comprehension of the surrounding reality.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"50 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trade Policy of the «Nowgorodfahrer» from Lübeck in the Late 15th Century","authors":"Artem Ushakov","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-165-174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-165-174","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents an analysis of Hanseatic documentation to define specifics of the trading strategy of the «Nowgorodfahrer» from Lübeck guild in the late 15th century. The traditional Hanseatic-Russian exchange of merchandise where the \u0000Lübeck people trading with the Russians exclusively being brokered by of the Livonians, during the period in question finally became incompatible with growing interests of Lübeck corporation, and this is the reason why the «Nowgorodfather» made an attempt to change it by reducing the privileges of Livonian merchants and received active countermeasures of the town council of Reval (Tallinn) in return for. At the same time, \u0000the guild’s impact on the Hanseatic branch in Brügge increased, which makes it possible to draw conclusion that the representtives of «Nowgorodfather» were poised to take control of the Brügge-Novgorod merchandise transit. It was essential to recall that the considered events took place in the period of weakening of the Hanseatic-Russian trade. Contrary to established opinion in historiography, the author reasons that in the late 15th century, the trade with Novgorod was not overtaken by events either for the Lübeck people or for the Livonians. This position is also confirmed by the amount of costs of the «Nowgorodfather» for embassies to Moscow and other costs connected with actions focused on the resume of Hanseatic-Russian trade.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"273 1‐4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rent and Fees from the Shops of the Cherdyn District \u0000in the 17th–18th Centuries","authors":"A. Kosmovskaya","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-139-153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-139-153","url":null,"abstract":"The study of taxation of the population's trading activity allows us to consider the conditions for the functioning of the all-Russian market. Such a particular issue of tax history as the collection of rent from shops in specific regions (for example, in the Cherdyn district) has not received consideration in historiography. The author of the article examines the amount of receipts to the treasury from the shop trade of the population of the Cherdyn district in the 17th – 18th centuries. The financial statements of the provincial institutions are of interest to researchers of the history of the organization of taxation on the territory of the Cherdyn district. A publication based on materials from the Russian State Archives of Ancient Acts concludes that the shop owners paid their fees on time. \u0000During the period under study, there is a noticeable tendency for the reduction of shops and stalls in Cherdyn. New rent barns and barns slightly increase the profits of the provincial institutions. The government's policy to reduce the number of \u0000obsolete taxes put an end to the collection of shop fees in 1775. The author estimated the amount of proceeds from the shop trade. An analysis of the amount of shop fees allows us to conclude that trade from shops in the Cherdyn district accounted for a small part of the income of the district office.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"30 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Failed Alliance: Oliver Cromwell and the Great Conde","authors":"Ludmila Ivonina","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-174-185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-174-185","url":null,"abstract":"The bloody Thirty Years' War turned into a «European civil war», which part were the «parallel» civil upheavals in England and the Fronde in France. This period’s diplomacy was distinguished by particular complexity, inconsistency and a bizarre interweaving of state, social and personal interests.The relationship between \u0000the head of the English Republic, Oliver Cromwell, and the French prince, Louis de Condé, organically fits into it.The article examines the course and results of the indirect dialogue between the two political leaders.Negotiations between them took place along several lines: the conclusion of a marriage between the heir to Condé and the daughter of Cromwell, about the possibility for the rebellious prince to become the French king, about obtaining mutual support, and even about the new religious and political state of Europe.The nature of the negotiations was determined by \u0000the timing and balance of power in Britain, France and on the Continent.With regard to the Fronde of Princes and the Spanish Fronde, the English leader adopted a waiting tactic, skillfully intervening in relations between the French government and the \u0000opposition.The interests of the state required an alliance with a stable France to fight against Spain.At that time,Condé, waiting for help from England, was guided, first of all, by personal interests and did not want to compromise.As a prince of the blood, he, while admiring Cromwell, still put him below himself.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"79 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discursive Strategies of Orthodox Discourse","authors":"Natalya Leshkova","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-46-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-46-57","url":null,"abstract":"The theoretical foundations of the study of preaching as a genre of religious Orthodox discourse require the definition of the basic concepts of the communicative and discursive analysis of modern Orthodox preaching and form the basis for its conduct. However, for practical analysis, it is also necessary to develop a research model that covers the fundamental principles of analysis and its \u0000tools. The problem of communicative and discursive strategies and tactics in linguistics has been studied quite extensively, however, the lack of a unified classification of them, as well as clear and unambiguous definitions, does not yet make \u0000it possible to provide a complete classification of them. \u0000The article is devoted to the analysis of the implementation of the maindiscursive strategies. Attention is paid to the discursive strategy of narrative, as well as to the contacting and informing strategies that are basic for Orthodox preaching and are present in all its genres. The study examines the main strategies that are the basic concepts of communicative and discursive analysis. The \u0000goal of any communicative strategy is to correct the addressee's world model, therefore, within the framework of the strategy, the addressee selects certain psychological parameters, identifies the necessary changes in their values and ways to achieve these goals. \u0000The purpose of the article is to analyze all the strategies that are the basic concepts of the communicative and discursive analysis of the studied Orthodox sermon. As part of the study, the sermons of His Holiness Patriarch Kirill of All Russia were used and analyzed. \u0000Conclusions: communicative interaction in Orthodox discourse receives adequate implementation in the discursive strategy, which we understand as the global communicative intention of the speaker within a certain discourse and the speech objectification of this intention. Discursive tactics are one or more speech actions that ensure the implementation of the chosen discursive strategy of the speaker and the deployment of a certain speech genre. \u0000The results of the research conducted in this article can be used in research and teaching activities related to the study of various types of discourses.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"16 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Image of a Woman in White in Oral Narratives about the Great Patriotic War: Motives, Plots, Functions","authors":"Alexandra Litsareva","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-18-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-18-34","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the study in the article is the image of a woman in white and its modifications. The material was actually oral narratives about the Great Patriotic War, as well as their transformation in artistic and journalistic articles. The \u0000relevance is due to the fact that, despite the frequent appeal of scientists to this image, it is not fully described. The purpose of the analysis is to systematize views on the genesis and interpretation of this character (from the personification of \u0000diseases, death, war to the appearance of the saint or the Virgin), highlighting the main functions, images, motives and plots. Also, this work describes the characteristic features of a woman in white (appearance, actions and their consequences). The question of the origin of this character continues to be debatable, \u0000in connection with which various interpretations are given. In addition, the analysis of the woman in white as a character of modern urban folklore (primarily among young people) is given, some parallels are drawn with similar characters \u0000in other cultures (Yuki-onna, banshee), which can become an interesting perspective for the development of the topic, especially in the perspective of comparison with the plots of traditional folklore.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"66 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138998579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Influence of Soviet Ideology on the Worldview of the Orthodox Clergy and Laity of the Ukrainian SSR (the Second Half of the 1980s)","authors":"R. Savchuk","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-153-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-153-165","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines concrete examples of the formation of a utilitarian view of Orthodoxy among the Orthodox clergy of the Ukrainian SSR in the second half of the 1980s under the influence of Soviet atheistic ideology. Three aspects of the church's worldview are considered: comprehension of history, patriotism and attitude to the union and uniates. The publications in the central periodical of the Ukrainian Exarchate «Orthodox Bulletin» are taken as a source. The conclusions about the significant influence of the Soviet atheistic ideology on the format of interaction of the Orthodox clergy of the Ukrainian SSR with society are substantiated.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"199 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Сonsonance of Saryan and Armenia in the Perception of Russian Poets","authors":"Larissa Pavlova, Irina Romanova","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-5-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2023-61-1-5-18","url":null,"abstract":"In the local text proper names are always marked, especially if they have \u0000a high frequency. For the Armenian text of Russian poetry, such a name, the \u0000bearer of the cultural code is the name of the outstanding Armenian artist Martiros Saryan (1880–1972). Saryan and Armenia are forever «rhymed» in the perception of others. This «consonance» is played out many times in the mass consciousness, in memories, in criticism, in poetry. Saryan is usually perceived by representatives of other nationalities as the creator of the image of Armenia –unusual, but real. At the level of a lyrical plot, there is often a motive of discovering this country for the lyrical subject or a motive of insight. Rhymes in poems \u0000serve as the keynote of this plot. The artistic potential of Saryan's surname, which turned out to be in the position of rhyme, lies in his characteristics as an artist: his expression, creative manner, colors, visual effects, ability to grueling work.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138997476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}