Izvestia of Smolensk State University最新文献

{"title":"«I Would Like to Leave a Mark on Poetry»: Creative Biography of Boris Burshtyn","authors":"Eleonora Kotova","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-59-3-19-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-59-3-19-29","url":null,"abstract":"The article is based, first of all, on the archival materials of the Literary \u0000Museum of the Smolensk State University. The paper reconstructs the life and \u0000creative path of Boris Sergeyevich Burshtyn, a poet, literary and theater critic, \u0000translator of the people’s poets of the USSR. Much attention is paid to his Smo- \u0000lensk period of life. In the early 1920s, Burshtyn was an organizer of the Arena \u0000Artel of Word Artists and the Club of Poets, that played an important role in the \u0000development of Smolensk poetry. As a critic, he collaborated with local and na- \u0000tional magazines. Smolensk forever made friends with the poet Mikhail Isakovsky \u0000and Alexander Tvardovsky, who considered Burshnyn their literary mentor. \u0000In 1938, in connection with the repressions of the state security agencies, \u0000he moved to Moscow, where he began to engage in literary translation, highly \u0000appreciated by his contemporaries.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130359734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Development of Federalism in the First Austrian Republic \u0000and the Role of the Christian Social Party of Austria","authors":"Alexey Blokhin","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-59-3-219-230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-59-3-219-230","url":null,"abstract":"The main purpose of the article is to analyze the Constitution of 1920 as a project for the development of federalism in the First Austrian Republic and to study the political role of the Christian Social Party in this process. Particular attention is paid to the historical prerequisites for the implementation and for- \u0000mation of federalism in the period from 1918 to 1933. The study examines directions of development and strengthening of federalism as an institution. The present study implies a historical-genetic approach based on analyt- \u0000ical, review and historical-legal methods. The finding of the study is rethinking of the view on the policy of the Christian Social Party of Austria aimed at building \u0000a federal state based on the Constitution of 1920. \u0000In general, it can be included that within the period under review, the development of the federal system in Austria was fully determined. Having found itself in new borders after the collapse of its own empire, Austria was in search of a sense of preserving its own statehood. The politicians of the Christian Social \u0000Party of Austria played not a small role in this process. In the Austrian state, the degree of dependence of the federal structure is also noted. Although, the activi- \u0000ties of Christian Social Austria in the early 1930s would predetermine the Anschluss, it gave rise to the development of Austrian federalism at a new level and in an accessible way for its time.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130155781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Letter as a Fact of Literature: Letters by L.Ya. Ginzburg and V.S. Baevsky","authors":"Yana Dvoenko, Galina A. Zakroeva","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-59-3-29-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-59-3-29-39","url":null,"abstract":"he archives of the literary critic V.S. Baevsky are kept in the fonds of the \u0000Literature Museum of Smolensk State University. The materials of the scholar’s \u0000archive have not been presented to the public yet. Meanwhile, the fonds contain \u0000a collection of more than a thousand letters from addressees from all over the \u0000world, including such outstanding scientists of the twentieth century as B.Ya. Bu- \u0000khshtab, M.L. Gasparov, L.Ya. Ginzburg, Yu.M. Lotman, B.F. Egorov and others. \u0000Correspondence was of particular importance for the philologists of that gener- \u0000ation, as it made it possible to combine life, history and science. Comparison of scientific views, the need for an independent censor and \u0000obtaining an objective assessment of scientific works are included in the topics \u0000reflected in the letters from L.Ya. Ginzburg to V.S. Baevsky. Their correspondence \u0000and memoirs testify to the coincident temporal rhythms and allow us to trace the \u0000scientific thought of the scholars that lived almost the entire twentieth century. \u0000This paper reconstructs the role of a letter as a fact of scientific autobiography. \u0000It shows its transformation from the genre of «human documents» (letters and \u0000diaries) into the genre of «intermediate literature» (memoirs). Thus, the personal \u0000letters of L.Ya. Ginzburg acquire the status of a literary fact, since they represent \u0000a narrative unit in V.S. Bayevsky’s life","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127706236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Origin of Symmetrical Composition in Decorative Art of the Viking Age","authors":"V. Kulakov","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-178-186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-178-186","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time, a symmetrical composition with figures of a deity standing on the godsof carnivorous animals appeared in the Middle Eastern art of the III–II millennium B.C. In the Mycenaean era, this composition became known to adherents of Hellenic art, who realized it both in painting and sculpture. This composition realizes the idea of their authors striving to convey to recipients the concept of the power of the depicted deity and his power over the animal world. A symmetrical composition with standing predatory animals, which is a clear \u0000oriental innovation in the art of ancient Europe, was not represented on our continent in ancient and Hellenistic times. As a result of the gradual increase in the eastern influence on the art of late Rome, symmetry again became known to Europeans in \u0000the products of provincial-Roman masters of the 5th century A.D. In late antiquity, goldsmiths in the Roman provinces used this composition on the parts of military belt sets. These images became models for the ancient German masters who represented \u0000the God Wotan / Odin surrounded by mythical animals and birds dedicated to him. \u0000The decorative art of the Viking Age, alien to symmetry, retains it only in the plot of the pagan canon «Odin and the Crows». Variants of this «pagan icon», realized in the decorative art of the Viking Age, came to an end in the Germanic world of a \u0000composition with symmetrically located predators, which began in the Ancient East \u0000in Akkadian time. In this case, we have a unique example of the multi-thousand-year existence of the pictorial motive, used by jewelers and stonecutters to make impressive images of mystical creatures. The predators surrounding them were intended to \u0000symbolize the unearthly power of the deities.In Byzantium, a symmetrical composition remained relevant until the XIV \u0000century. Modern and contemporary historypreserves paired images of predators in heraldic and architectural compositions. However, their genetic relationship with Ancient Eastern images requires additional study.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125971957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communicative Aspect of the Literary Text","authors":"Tatyana Starascienka","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-58-2-5-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-58-2-5-17","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the study is a communicative aspect of poetic and prose texts. It is based on dialogization between the addressant and the addressee and a change in semantic positions. The purpose of the study is to analyze the features concerning the explication of dialogical relations in the outward monologic \u0000speech of literary discourse. The research, carried out on the basis of the communicative and cognitive approach, is based on the concepts, methods and results of the communicative stylistics of the text, first of all by N.S. Bolotnova and Tomsk linguistic schools. \u0000Moreover, we have taken into consideration the scientific substantiations by \u0000R.O. Yakobson and Yu.M. Lotman that a literary text (especially a poetic one) is \u0000associated with the concept of a secondary linguistic structure and its main prin- \u0000ciples are comparison and opposition. \u0000The resulting inferences allow us to determine the features of the commu- \u0000nicative approach to the analysis of a literary text: 1) external dialogization con- \u0000sists in the interaction of the author and the reader, which is expressed in the \u0000interpretative activity of the latter in decoding a poetic work; 2) the internal di- \u0000alogization of the narrative monologue manifests itself as a contact between the \u0000subjects of the work and is represented by lexico-grammatical and tropical means \u0000with the expression of subjective modality. \u0000The results of the study can be used in scientific-research and teaching \u0000activities related to the study of the artistic discourse communicativeness.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115046692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N.V. Ustryalov’s College Years: Formation of the Politician, Publicist and Thinker (Onthe 130th Anniversary of his Birth)","authors":"Vyacheslav Romanosky","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-163-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-163-178","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the formation of N.V. Ustryalov’s personality, his spiritual, intellectual and professional development during his studies at Moscow University. \u0000In addition, the paper reveals the circumstances and factors that had a great influence on N.V. Ustryalov during his student years, such as university \u0000lectures, seminars and communication with professors-teachers, participation in the student cadet faction and public life of the university, mastering the scientific and philosophical heritage, attending sessions of philosophical associations in \u0000Moscow, creative collaboration with outstanding figures of culture, scientific and public thought in Russia. \u0000The article emphasizes the role of Moscow University professors, such as E.N. Trubetzkoy, S.A. Kotlyarevsky, P.I. Novgorodtsev, in N. Ustryalov’s spiritual \u0000and professional development. Moreover, the paper highlights the great influence of the liberal-conservative ideas of P.B. Struve, a famous politician and publicist, the collection «Vekhi» («Landmarks») and the creative heritage of outstanding repre- \u0000sentatives of European and domestic thought (Heraclitus, Machiavelli, Hegel, Danilevsky, V. Solovyov, etc.) on the formation of his political views and worldview. \u0000The article gives the examples of socio-political activity and conflict situations between the law enforcement agencies and the student N. Ustryalov during his university years. It mentions his participation in the student delegation at the \u0000funeral of L.N. Tolstoy. The paper analyzes the topic and the content the student Ustryalov’s first \u0000articles published in the periodicals in Moscow and St. Petersburg, it emphasizes the accumulation of some experience in the publicist’s journalism. The article focuses on N.V. Ustryalov’sthesis, its content and scientific provisions that reflect important personality traits of the young scientist, his views \u0000and ideas about the surrounding world, the ways and methods of his cognition. In the end, the author of the article formulates the conclusion that the student years spent at Moscow University became an important stage in Nikolay \u0000Ustryalov’s personal development, his formation as a politician, publicist, scientist and thinker.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122541299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of the Structure of V.S. Bayevsky’s Biographical Essays \u0000on Historians","authors":"Yuliya Bazyleva","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-34-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-34-43","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to V.S. Bayevsky, the Smolensk scientist and writer, \u0000and his analysis of biographical essays about historians from the cycle of video \u0000lectures for graduate students «The History of Science in Scientists’ Biog- \u0000raphies». The selected essays contain information about the life and work of out- \u0000standing historiographers of the XIX century, such as S.M. Solovyov and \u0000V.O. Klyuchevsky. Digitized lectures from Bayevsky’s personal archive represent \u0000a unique theoretical material according to the presented factual information based on a large source base. The study of the proposed essays made it possible to identify the features of their structure by determining the ways of constructing \u0000the concept of the scientists’ personality.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130608755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linguistic Organization of the Official Sport Discourse Text \u0000(Based on 2017–2020 Rhythmic Gymnastics Code of Points)","authors":"Natalya Bobyreva, A. Zorina","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-58-2-95-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-58-2-95-107","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this article is to identify compositional, lexical and grammat- \u0000ical features of the texts related to the official sports discourse. The research is based on 2017–2020 Rhythmic Gymnastics Code of Points in English and Russian versions. The relevance of the study is due to the insufficient coverage of the linguistic peculiarities of documents related to sports in linguists’ publications and the importance of describing this segment of sports discourse from the point of view of its goal, sub- \u0000ject, communicants and linguistic means used in official texts. \u0000The text of Code of Points implements professional sports discourse, as it \u0000is created and read by specialists. Linguistic analysis of the official sports text \u0000makes it possible to identify the features of the compositional structure of the text, \u0000grammatical features, as well as lexemes that have meaning-forming functions. \u0000The research involves methods of structural, semantic, contextual and discourse \u0000analysis. The peculiarities of the composition lie in the clear structuredness of the \u0000material, which contributes to its logical presentation. \u0000The authors of the article present terms as key units that are significant \u0000for the content of the text and characterized by unambiguity, a tendency to fre- \u0000quent use in one text. Abbreviations and non-verbal signs promote concise com- \u0000munication of information. The syntax features include simple extended sen- \u0000tences, compound and complex sentences, conditionals, and passive clauses. The \u0000prescriptive nature of the text is also achieved by the functioning of modal verbs. \u0000The revealed features of the linguistic organization regulate such characteristics \u0000of the official text as informativeness, prescriptiveness, descriptiveness, concrete- \u0000ness and impersonality.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134355602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Value Approach to the Description of the Newest German-language Literature","authors":"D. Chugunov","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-58-2-46-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-58-2-46-59","url":null,"abstract":"The article expresses a hypothesis about the need to search for criteria for describing the latest literary process. An assessment of the literary history of Germany after 1945 shows that the situation of the turning point (1990s), which divided the post-war and after the post-war literature, at the beginning of the 21st century, began to transform into something else, to the description of which the \u0000approaches have to be determined. \u0000In the context of human civilization entering into the era of a new understanding of oneself in general and of the individual in particular, retrospective use of the terms «literary direction», «style» or «literary period» does not work. As a possible way, the author of the article proposes a value approach, as one of \u0000the criteria – an appeal to the Christian component of modern texts. Thus, fiction \u0000is understood as a sensitive seismograph reflecting the spiritual quest and de- \u0000mands of the society in the era of civilizational transformations. \u0000Highlighting key value characteristics in literary texts allows us to show \u0000the search for a way out of postmodern indifference to the world, the change in \u0000the playful ambivalence of creativity by the expression of the author’s unambigu- \u0000ous moral position. Comparison of individual works of E. Heidenreich, D. Dörrie, B. Schlink, W. Hilbig, T. Dückers, J. Winkler, S. Lewicharoff, using the theses of K. Jaspers and J. Habermas helps us to represent the actual significance of the stated criterion for describing a modern literary history.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131552878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representation of the Concept «Woman» in German Sports Discourse (Based on Sports Anecdotes)","authors":"T. Shcherbina","doi":"10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-122-135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-122-135","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines some features of the representation of the concept «woman» in German sports discourse. The research is conducted on a specific section of this discourse, which is coloured by a humorous tone. For the linguocognitive \u0000and linguocultural analysis of sports anecdotes, which we have selected as empirical material of this study, the following methods are used: discursive, component, con- \u0000ceptual analysis, classification, observation, lexico-graphical and contextual study. The paper presents a working definition of sports discourse, describes its correlation with humorous discourse, identifies linguistic and narrative anecdotes or- \u0000ganizing humorous communicative space. We have obtained new data on the semantic images of the concept «woman» in sports anecdotes and outlined the prospects for further research of this issue in German and in comparative aspect hrough com- \u0000parison with other languages.","PeriodicalId":211127,"journal":{"name":"Izvestia of Smolensk State University","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115814418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}