Psychophysiology最新文献

{"title":"Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Distractor-Induced Repulsion Effect in Visual Working Memory: A Behavioral and ERP Study.","authors":"Jiafeng Zhang, Jing Zhou, Xuemin Zhang","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70366","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In visual working memory, relation-based distractors can induce a memory repulsion effect, yet its spatial boundary and cognitive stage remain unclear. Across two experiments, we examined the spatial modulation and temporal dynamics of this effect. Experiment 1 presented a central target with peripheral distractors arranged as a regular pentagon and manipulated target-distractor spatial distance. Results showed that the repulsion effect decreased monotonically with increasing distance, supporting an absolute-distance account rather than a strict central attentional window account. Experiment 2 employed EEG and orthogonally manipulated distractor color (identical to vs. different from the target) and spatial distance (small vs. large). Behaviorally, the distance gradient was replicated, and repulsion occurred only for different-color distractors. Critically, the ERP difference between different-color and identical-color conditions emerged as a late positive component (LPC) between 382 and 604 ms post-stimulus, and its amplitude positively correlated with the individual behavioral repulsion effect. Early N1 activity (approximately 96-202 ms) was sensitive to distance but showed no direct correlation with behavioral outcomes. These findings indicate that memory repulsion arises during post-perceptual working memory stages and is modulated by absolute spatial proximity. This work clarifies the spatiotemporal architecture of relational distractor filtering in visual working memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70366"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13411194/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affective Processing in Depression Risk: Insights From Event-Related Potentials.","authors":"Carola Dell'Acqua, Claudio Imperatori, Valentina Mologni, Rita Bianca Ardito, Letizia Soliman, Mauro Adenzato, Giuseppe Alessio Carbone, Aurelia Lo Presti, Benedetto Farina, Simone Messerotti Benvenuti","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70367","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70367","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A mechanism that might be implicated in the etiopathogenesis of depression is a blunted activation of the Positive and Negative Valence Systems, leading to a reduced elaboration of emotional stimuli. Yet, relatively little attention has been devoted to disentangling the distinct temporal phases that constitute this process, namely, emotional anticipation and emotional stimulus processing. Hence, the primary aim of the present study was to investigate distinct phases of emotional responses as potential psychophysiological correlates of vulnerability to depression. Data was collected from young adults with a high vulnerability to depression, which was determined by the presence of a family history of the condition but no current symptoms (n = 23, 19 F), or the presence of subclinical depressive symptoms (n = 39, 25 F), and 30 (19 F) controls with neither a family history nor current symptoms. Participants performed an S1-S2 task, in which an emotional picture (pleasant, neutral, unpleasant) (S2) was anticipated by a cue (S1) that predicted its valence. During the task, the electroencephalogram was recorded. Emotional anticipation was indexed by the Cue-P300, whereas emotional elaboration was indexed by the late positive potential (LPP) at three processing windows (300-600, 600-1000, 1000-2000 ms). Both vulnerability groups showed reduced Cue-P300 for pleasant and unpleasant cues relative to controls, indicating diminished preparatory allocation of attentional resources to upcoming emotional events. During image processing, both at-risk groups exhibited reduced initial motivated attention (i.e., LPP amplitude in 300-600 ms time window) to pleasant, but not unpleasant, stimuli compared to controls, whereas no between-group differences emerged in later LPP time windows. These findings suggest that depression vulnerability is characterized by broadly blunted emotional anticipation and a selective reduction in motivated attention to pleasant stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13408224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pupil Constriction Causes Activity in the Human Retina and Visual System.","authors":"Sebastiaan Mathôt, Olaf Dimigen, Hakan Karsilar, Veera Ruuskanen, Daria Weiden, Ana Vilotijević","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70362","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pupil responses shape the earliest stages of visual perception by regulating the amount of light that enters the eye. How this affects visual processing is still poorly understood. Here we present evidence that pupil constriction causes activity in the human retina and visual system, independently of visual stimulation. Healthy human participants (N = 119) viewed brief visual stimuli (light increments or decrements) while pupil size, retinal activity (electroretinogram), and brain activity (electroencephalogram) were recorded. As expected, visual stimulation triggered an initial burst of retinal activity followed by pupil constriction (the pupil light response). Importantly, we used trial-to-trial variability in constriction latency to reveal a previously unknown retinal response that is locked to pupil constriction, rather than to visual stimulation. Presumably, and in line with similar findings in mice, this constriction-locked retinal activity is a response to the sudden decrease in retinal light exposure that accompanies pupil constriction (although a contribution of iris muscle activity is not conclusively ruled out). A similar constriction-locked response emerged later over visual cortex. Given these findings, an important open question is how the visual system maintains brightness constancy despite pupil-induced retinal and cortical activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13392059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148562905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ensemble Perception of Crowd Facial Expressions: Emotional Valence Effect and Temporal Dynamics-An ERP Study.","authors":"Shuang Hao, Shuaicheng Liu, Wen Sun, Yuanyuan Yang, Min Li, Liang Chen, Weiqi He","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70358","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ensemble perception enables observers to rapidly extract the mean emotion from a crowd of faces, yet its neural mechanisms remain unclear. Combining behavioral measures, event-related potentials (ERPs), and multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), we investigated the temporal dynamics of crowd emotion perception and the moderating role of emotional valence. At the behavioral level, we observed a happiness superiority effect in recognition accuracy and speed. At the neural level, MVPA revealed respective neural representations for crowd versus individual face processing. ERP results further delineated three potential stages: initial feature encoding and integration, followed by configural processing and valence differentiation, and finally mean emotion extraction and decision formation. These findings provide a neurochronometric framework for ensemble perception of crowd emotions, advancing understanding of how the brain efficiently summarizes collective affective signals.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13411491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Dynamic Architecture Linking Autonomic Activity to Emotional Dimensions: Real-Time Estimation From Photoplethysmography.","authors":"Shane R McClafferty, Bruce H Friedman","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70359","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study introduces a novel, real-time emotion (or generalized behavioral) tracking model capable of independently estimating valence, motivation (approach-avoidance), and activation (arousal) through estimations of parasympathetic (PNS), α-adrenergic (α-SNS), and β-adrenergic (β-SNS) sympathetic nervous system activity. These separate autonomic systems correspond to distinct emotional dimensions: valence to the PNS, motivation (approach-avoidance) to the α-SNS, and activation to the β-SNS. This framework enables continuous, real-time, and interpretable estimation of emotion from a single, wearable-compatible signal through photoplethysmography (PPG). The tested model utilizes inter-beat interval (IBI) and pulse wave or pulse volume amplitude (PVA), which are tracked using an extended Kalman filter (EKF) to extract frequencies (VLF-UHF) and standard heart rate variability metrics (HRV). These features were mapped onto emotional dimensions using supervised partial least squares (PLS) regressions from behavioral validation measures: facial electromyograph (EMG) for valence, a joystick for motivation, and eye-tracking (activation). The dimensional predictions reached within-subject accuracy levels comparable to those of traditional physiological models. Additionally, these emotional dimensions can be used to produce reasonable, discrete emotion probabilities based solely on theory (without requiring training data). These findings support a new model of emotion based on separate autonomic systems and dimensions that functionally define emotions in real-time. Such an approach enables dynamic emotional inference or generalized behavior across various contexts, including experimental design, clinical monitoring, and ambulatory assessment, utilizing low-cost, wearable technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13402974/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148593254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural Sensitivity to Conversational Inter-Speaker Gaps in the Broad Autism Phenotype.","authors":"Wei Siong Neo, Kamryn M Witkowiak, Felicia Roberts, Bridgette Kelleher, Mai Yamamoto, Dan Foti","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70355","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pragmatic language differences are present in the broad autism phenotype (BAP). Objective markers of pragmatic language subprocesses, such as inter-speaker turn-taking, may enhance understanding of these differences. Here, we examined how neural and behavioral responses elicited by inter-speaker turn-taking are related to the BAP, using well-validated conversational stimuli with different inter-speaker gap durations in a stratified sample of 63 adults selected for varied autism-associated traits. As outcomes, we measured ERPs elicited by inter-speaker gap (stimulus-preceding negativity) and speaker response (P3), and subjective ratings of conversation quality. Among individuals with more autism-associated traits, extended inter-speaker gaps were considered less salient as indicated by reduced P3. However, monitoring of inter-speaker gaps and perceived conversation quality were unrelated to autism-associated traits. These findings provide preliminary evidence that pragmatic inference of inter-speaker gaps may be specifically disrupted in those endorsing a higher degree of autism-associated traits and detectable with the P3 ERP, laying the foundation for similar neurobehavioral studies in autism.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13332344/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148382739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the Impact of Acute Exercise and Arousal Reappraisal on Stressor-Evoked Psychological and Cardiovascular Responses.","authors":"Taryn E Cook, Sarah E Williams, Thomas A Fergus, Annie T Ginty","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70353","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extreme stressor-evoked psychophysiological responses are associated with adverse health outcomes. The present study examined the individual and combined influence of exercise and arousal reappraisal on stressor-evoked psychophysiological responses. Participants (N = 238) were randomly assigned to one of four groups: control (CTRL), arousal reappraisal only (AR), exercise only (EX), or combined arousal reappraisal and exercise (AR + EX). After completing baseline 1, the assigned experimental condition, recovery, and baseline 2, participants underwent a speech task. Cardiovascular measures were obtained during baselines and the stress task, and state psychological measures were obtained after informed consent and after the stress task. Trait reappraisal was also measured. There were no group differences in stressor-evoked cardiovascular responses. However, despite similar stress intensity ratings across all groups, participants in the AR group interpreted their stress more positively. Additionally, moderation analyses demonstrated that individuals with higher trait reappraisal in the EX and AR + EX groups viewed their physiological arousal as more helpful than individuals in the CTRL group. Arousal reappraisal may improve interpretations of acute stress. Additionally, acute exercise may be most beneficial for reducing negative interpretations of perceived physiological arousal when trait reappraisal levels are high. Future research should explore whether repeated arousal reappraisal and exercise training may promote more adaptive stressor-evoked responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70353"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13310514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148339734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Association Studies in 2024: A Systematic Review of Sample Sizes and Preregistrations.","authors":"Jan Wacker, Katharina Paul, Anna Scharfenecker","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70365","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Within the field of research aiming to link psychological variables to individual differences in brain structure and function, there is a widespread consensus that (1) samples sizes at least in the hundreds are necessary to detect the presumably modest effects of typically rho < 0.20 with sufficient statistical power and that (2) a large number of equally defensible options for data preprocessing and analysis exist that have a marked impact on the final results (i.e., an issue typically addressed via a detailed preregistration). However, among 515 relevant studies published in 2024 and identified in the current systematic review the median sample size was only 101 participants (80 in studies that presumably involved data collection rather than reanalysis of preexisting data) and only 5% featured a preregistration. Whereas 96% of the studies reported at least one significant relevant association, only 2.3% reported a significant preregistered association. This pattern suggests that many of the published associations are likely false positives and that significant changes in research practices are required. The current systematic review provides a blueprint for testing whether recent research in other fields faces similar problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13401052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148585034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unisensory and Multisensory Processing in the Integration of Bodily Information: An EEG Study Using the Rubber Hand Illusion.","authors":"A J Sutil-Jiménez, G Alba, S Duschek, M A Muñoz","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70368","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multisensory integration (MSI) is crucial to interact adaptively with our environment and create a coherent representation of the body. Body illusion techniques, such as the rubber hand illusion, provide useful tools to study MSI since they produce a conflict between different sensory modalities and alter body perception. While previous research revealed that body illusions modulate neural activity in unisensory and multisensory cortical areas during multisensory stimulation, cortical activity during unisensory stimulation has barely been studied. The present EEG study investigated brain mechanisms involved in MSI using unisensory (visual, tactile) and multisensory (visuotactile) stimulation. Alpha- and beta-band power, as well as functional connectivity, were assessed in 36 subjects during visual, tactile, and visuotactile stimulation in the rubber hand illusion paradigm and a control condition. The illusion was associated with widespread reductions in alpha and beta power, alongside increased beta-band connectivity between unisensory and multisensory cortical regions. Notably, alpha-band effects revealed cross-modal influences: visual stimulation modulated activity in somatosensory regions, while tactile stimulation affected occipital areas. Unisensory stimulation also elicited beta connectivity changes across modalities, with visual input enhancing sensorimotor coupling and tactile input increasing connectivity involving visual regions. The subjective strength of the illusion was associated with beta power reductions during visual stimulation, linking neural modulation to individual perceptual experience. These findings demonstrate that the illusory state is characterized by a global reconfiguration of sensory processing, extending beyond multisensory contexts and shaping unisensory processing through cross-modal interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70368"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13409313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Brain Signature of Reward Processing During Cooperative Gaming.","authors":"Karl-Philipp Flösch, Tobias Flaisch, Marco Steinhauser, Harald T Schupp","doi":"10.1111/psyp.70341","DOIUrl":"10.1111/psyp.70341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human cooperation depends on shared goals and dynamic role-taking, aligning individual actions with goal-related tasks. However, in everyday social interactions, cooperation is often intertwined with personal goals and motivations. In this study, 48 young, healthy participants played the dyadic Pacman Game that incorporated a personal gamble to reflect these social dynamics. Brain oscillations and event-related potentials differentiated between achieving a shared goal enhanced by personal rewards and reaching a shared goal without a personal reward. Specifically, personal rewards, which had to be inferred from social cues rather than explicit feedback, were linked to increased delta/theta power and sustained positive ERP potentials over fronto-central regions. Furthermore, we replicated findings of alpha/beta power decreases and enhanced P3-like positivities associated with cognitive and semantic processing demands of specific player roles. Our results highlight how neural measures obtained in experimental games shed light on the interplay between shared goals and personal motivations, offering a valuable framework to bridge insights from controlled paradigms to real-world social cooperation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20913,"journal":{"name":"Psychophysiology","volume":"63 7","pages":"e70341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13413252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148606891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}