Radiation Physics and Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"A method to obtain optimal relative electron densities of metallic samples for a density scaling-based commercial photon dose calculation algorithm","authors":"Chang-Shiun Lin , Yi-Chun Tsai , Chun-Wei Wang , Liang-Hsin Chen , Hsiang-Chin Lu , Tsung-Yu Lin , Chia-Jung Wu , Li-Chien Wei , Hsiang-Kung Liang , Sung-Hsin Kuo","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112520"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical and thermal stability of thermoplastics in fast and mixed irradiation extremes","authors":"Andrea Labouriau,&nbsp;Loren Espada-Castillo,&nbsp;John R. Stockdale,&nbsp;Adam Pacheco,&nbsp;Shelbie A. Legett,&nbsp;Steve Simmonds,&nbsp;Clinton Shonrock,&nbsp;Santosh Adhikari","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the stability of thermoplastics when submitted to high neutron and electron beam fluxes. Two thermoplastics were investigated, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) containing up to 40 wt % isotopically enriched boron-10, and 3D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) containing 60 wt % tungsten. FT-IR of exposed borated-UHMWPE showed small changes to its chemical structure due to oxidative degradation. Whereas thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that about 15 wt% of tungsten was removed from the surface of 3D printed W-ABS that was directly facing the electron beam. This effect is due to the rapid energy deposition on the metal causing ablation. This study demonstrates that these two thermoplastics are not only useful in multiple industrial applications, but are also fairly resilient to extreme radiation environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143035289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of gamma radiation on the mechanical performance, anisotropy, and oil resistance of NBR and HNBR composites reinforced with silica and lignin fillers","authors":"E.S. Fathy ,&nbsp;Heba A. Raslan ,&nbsp;H. Radi ,&nbsp;Magdy A. Ali ,&nbsp;Khaled F. El-Nemr","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112534","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, at room temperature via a mechanical rotary mill, various composites based on Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and Hydrogenated acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) have been prepared. As a comparative behavior in both types of rubber, different types of composites were fabricated based on different ratios of silica (S) and lignin (L). After that, all composites were subjected to gamma radiation at different doses to study the effect of ionizing radiation on the prepared composites. The anisotropy comparisons were performed for fabricated composites derived from NBR and HNBR. The prepared composites were investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and mechanical parameters, swelling in brake oil, and mechanical properties after immersion in oil. In general, the presence of silica and lignin in the rubber matrix improved the properties of the composites and revealed anisotropy behavior towards the two kinds of rubber. Significances moreover show that when 10 phr of silica is substituted by lignin, the mass loss temperatures for composites are decreased because lignin has a lower thermal degradation temperature than silica filler. Furthermore, the mechanical properties after brake oil immersion reveal that HNBR is more oil-resistant than NBR. Also, the studied parameters insured a strong coordination interaction occurred between Zn²⁺ of ZnCl₂ particles and CN groups of NBR or HNBR matrix during heat pressing, which resulting in an enhancement of mechanical and thermal properties<strong>.</strong></div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112534"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attention-Unet based gamma-ray full spectrum qualitative and quantitative analysis method","authors":"Shu-Xin Zeng ,&nbsp;Rui Shi ,&nbsp;Guang Yang ,&nbsp;Xiong Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhou Wang ,&nbsp;Xian-Guo Tuo","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112536","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapid full-spectrum analysis of gamma-ray spectra is crucial for public radiation safety. Existing analytical algorithms face challenges in low-count, low-resolution, and overlapping gamma spectra. To address these issues, an improved Attention-Unet neural network method for full-spectrum gamma-ray analysis is proposed, aiming to establish a mapping relationship between the gamma-ray spectra and incident spectra based on the principles of gamma-ray spectra formation, for rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis. The results indicate that, with a gamma-ray branching ratio threshold of 10 %, the Attention-Unet model achieves an accuracy of over 95 % in peak position detection for more than 80 % of the characteristic peaks in the incident spectra output. For correctly identified characteristic peaks, the positive relative error in peak counts is less than 5 %, and the negative relative error is below 10 %. In addition, the model achieves an accuracy of over 97 % in separating overlapping peaks between 276.40 keV, 279.54 keV, 284.31 keV, 356.01 keV, and 364.49 keV, with the maximum separation error in peak counts being 16 %. The model demonstrates a certain degree of generalization and anti-interference capability when applied to characteristic peak mixed spectra and drift spectra that have not been encountered during training. Finally, the ablation experiments of Attention-Unet demonstrated the effectiveness of the Attention improvement. The Attention-Unet approach simplifies the spectral analysis process, providing a technical foundation and research perspective for the application of deep learning methods in spectrum analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112536"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142990270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computation of electron interaction with halide precursors","authors":"Meenu Pandey,&nbsp;Bobby Antony","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The understanding of electron interaction with molecular targets in deposition techniques such as plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PA-CVD) and focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) is important for advancement in these fields. So, in this research work, we have computed the integral scattering cross section due to electron collision for a few important molecular targets such as <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>TiCl</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>SnCl</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>SnCl</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>SiH</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>Cl</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, which are used in these techniques as halide precursors for deposition. We have employed spherical complex optical potential (SCOP) and complex scattering potential-ionization contribution (CSP-ic) formalisms to calculate integral elastic, total, momentum transfer, and ionization cross sections in the energy range from ionization energy up to 5 <span><math><mi>keV</mi></math></span>. We have also compared the computed results with the available data in the literature. Based on our information, this is the first effort to theoretically work out cross-sectional data for <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>SnCl</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>SiH</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>Cl</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> precursor molecules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112502"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical properties and γ-ray attenuation capacity of cadmium boro-phosphate glasses doped with Nd3+ ions","authors":"Norah A.M. Alsaif ,&nbsp;Hanan Al-Ghamdi ,&nbsp;Nada Alfryyan ,&nbsp;F.F. Alharbi ,&nbsp;R.A. Elsad ,&nbsp;Y.S. Rammah ,&nbsp;A.S. Abouhaswa","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112531","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112531","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present work, the role Nd₂O₃/B₂O₃ substitution on the physical, optical properties, and γ-ray attenuation competence of Nd₂O₃-doped cadmium boro-phosphate glasses was investigated. For this purpose, four glasses with chemical formula (25-z)B₂O₃-zNd₂O₃–5Na₂O–40P₂O₅–30CdO samples, where z is equal to 0.0 (Nd-1), 0.5 (Nd-2), 1.0 (Nd-3), and 1.5 (Nd-4) mol% were synthesized using the melt quenching technique. The density (ρ) was improved in the range of 3.16 ± 0.02 g/cm³ to 3.53 ± 0.02 g/cm³ for Nd-1 and Nd-4 samples. Also, the molar volume (V_m) was enhanced from 39.46 ± 0.01 cm³/mol to 40.16 ± 0.01 cm³/mol as Nd₂O₃ content increased in the glass networks. The direct optical gap (<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>E</mi><mi>g</mi><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> reduced from 4.439 ± 0.001 eV to 4.079 ± 0.001 eV, while the indirect optical gap (<span><math><mrow><msubsup><mi>E</mi><mi>g</mi><mrow><mi>I</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>d</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi></mrow></msubsup><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> reduced from 3.843 ± 0.001 to 3.607 ± 0.001 eV. The Urbach's energy was raised from 0.318 ± 0.001 to 0.243 ± 0.001 eV. The linear refractive index (n) was enhanced as Nd₂O₃ substitution ratio increased. Mass (MA_C) and linear (LA_C) coefficients verified the order: (Nd-1)_{MAC, LAC)}&lt;(Nd-2)_{MAC, LAC)}&lt;(Nd-3)_{MAC, LAC)}&lt;(Nd-4)_{MAC, LAC)}. The half (HV_L) value layer obeyed the order: (Nd-1)_HVL &gt;(Nd-2)_HVL &gt;(Nd-3)_HVL &gt;(Nd-4)_HVL. Therefore, the suggested glasses can be considered as promising materials for optical and radiation attenuation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of alkyl substituent on radiolytic transformations of alkyl salicylates","authors":"S.I. Vlasov,&nbsp;A.V. Ponomarev","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112528","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112528","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkyl salicylates are capable of selectively extracting lithium from solutions of various origins. This paper examines the radiation resistance of alkyl salicylates. The initial yield of radiolytic degradation of methyl salicylate (MS) and 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS) is 100 and 166 nmol J⁻¹, while the total yield of products is 105 and 236 nmol J⁻¹, respectively. Radiolysis of MS produces predominantly methyl adducts to the benzene ring, while radiolysis of EHS produces aliphatic hydrocarbons. In both salicylates, the position of the OH group changes or a second OH group appears. Degradation of the carboxyl group and elimination of CO in EHS occurs much more efficiently. The main oxygen-containing product in MS is salicylic acid, and in EHS it is 2-ethylhecanol-1. Dimers in MS contain predominantly C–C bridges between benzene rings, while in EHS they contain bridges between alkyl groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112528"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma, charged particle and neutron shielding properties of polyethylene based thermoplastic compounds doped with titanate and zirconate additives","authors":"Oguz A. Kurucu ,&nbsp;Demet Yılmaz ,&nbsp;Sedanur Kalecik ,&nbsp;Yusuf Z. Menceloglu","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112524","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Knowing how efficient radiation shielding materials are being essential for a variety of uses, including nuclear power plants and medical imaging. This study examined the gamma and neutron shielding capabilities of thermoplastic polymers based on polyethylene and doped with titanate and zirconate additions. Over an energy range of 53.16–383.85 keV, experimental measurements were made of the compound's mass attenuation coefficients (MAC), mean free pathways (MFP), half-value layers (HVL), and effective atomic numbers (Z_eff). Additionally, a Am²⁴¹-Be fast neutron source with an activity of 10 mCi was used to measure neutron equivalent dose rates. The exposure buildup factor (EBF) and the neutron removal cross section (ΣR) were calculated theoretically. Assessment of a compound's appropriateness for nuclear security applications with an emphasis on its alpha and proton shielding capabilities. The neutron equivalent dose rate for the PP/PE was 9.4722%, while it was 37.9283% for the PP/PE/Zirconate. Based on gamma and neutron shielding efficiencies, the observed results suggest that polyethylene based thermoplastic compounds containing zirconate could be viable options for mask materials used in radiotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural, morphological and electrochemical characteristics of gamma irradiated silver metaphosphate AgPO3 glasses","authors":"Adel A. Shaheen ,&nbsp;D.A. Abdulmalik ,&nbsp;Mufeed Maghrabi ,&nbsp;Ahmad I. Ayesh ,&nbsp;J. Al-Jundi","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112530","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112530","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silver metaphosphate AgPO₃ glass samples were prepared using the melt quenching route. The prepared samples were exposed to a total gamma irradiation dose of 0–100kGy in steps of 20 kGy. The work aims to investigate the influence of gamma irradiation on the structure, morphology, and electric/dielectric properties of AgPO₃ glass samples. X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that the samples have some degree of crystallinity, and gamma irradiation has a small influence on the glass structure. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that gamma irradiation has induced damage to the surface. Energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry (EDS) analyses demonstrate a nearly similar Ag and P atomic percentage in all samples, whereas the atomic percentage of oxygen is somewhat lower than its compositional percentage. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy were used to investigate any structural changes that may occur due to gamma irradiation. Impedance measurements reveal that the DC conductivity, activation energy, hopping energy, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss all decrease with increasing gamma dose, reaching a minimum in the dose range 40–60 kGy and then increase again when the dose is further increased. The AC conductivity of all samples follows Jonscher's power law, and analysis of the temperature dependence of the exponent reveals that the conduction mechanism can be well described by the correlated barrier hopping model. Exposing the samples to gamma rays did not change the conduction mechanism. The effect of gamma irradiation on electric properties is discussed in terms of the possible creation of traps and conductive pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of irradiation on ethylene propylene diene monomer doped with different concentrations of wheat husk fiber","authors":"Hamdy F.M. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Howayda G. Taha ,&nbsp;Esam E. Abdel-Hady ,&nbsp;Mohamed H.M. Hassanien ,&nbsp;Wael M. Mohammed","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112529","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112529","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The free volume of ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber reinforced with wheat husk fibers (WHFs) was investigated using positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectroscopy. The impact of the reinforced WHF concentrations in the range of 0–50 phr on the free volume structure of EPDM/WHF composites is quantified, along with the effect of γ-irradiation doses from 0 to 300 kGy. The swelling coefficient of the toluene, benzene, and chloroform solvents was also determined. The trends of the free volume size and the swelling coefficient with irradiation dosage for all the samples are comparable. The dielectric properties of the investigated composites have been studied, and their conductivity have been calculated. It was found that at low frequencies, the dielectric constant with irradiation dose shows a slight increase while it appears constant at high frequencies. The AC conductivity showed a frequency-dependent increase, indicating enhanced charge carrier mobility. The influence of irradiation dose on AC conductivity varied, with a slight decrease at high frequencies and a slight increase at low frequencies. The conduction mechanisms were found to be quantum mechanical tunneling and correlated barrier hopping, depending on the composite and irradiation dose. Additionally, the nanoscopic properties derived from PAL spectroscopy are correlated with the macroscopic properties of the composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 112529"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142989035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}