Radiation Physics and Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Radiation's effect on dental structures and caries induction in patients with head and neck cancer: Consequences for restorative therapy","authors":"Zahra Al Timimi","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112465","url":null,"abstract":"Radiation-induced caries is the most frequent adverse reaction for patients undergoing radiation treatment for neck and head malignancies. An understanding of how radiation exposure alters tooth structure can lead to the advancement of robust and efficient restorative dentistry approaches. In this work, chemical compositions along with microstructural characteristics of radiation-induced caries-affected dentin have been contrasted to those of both radiation-irradiated and healthy dentin. The specimens of radiation-affected carious dentin and surrounding irradiated dentin were obtained from patients undergoing radiation treatment. The control group in this work included healthy dentin that had not been exposed to radiation. Numerous techniques, including energy-dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy; have been used to study the specimens. Different levels of microstructural degradation were seen in groups of carious and irradiated dentin, according to scanning electron microscopy. An investigation using energy-dispersive spectroscopy revealed that the carious in addition to irradiated dentin groups had higher quantities of Carbon (with P < 0.05). By contrast, the control group's Calcium and Phosphorus levels were significantly higher (with P < 0.05). In X-ray diffraction analysis, irradiated dentin along with carious dentin samples lacked the (1-1-2) and (3-0-0) peaks, and in Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, the carbonate peaks were less prominent. Radiation exposure may decrease hydroxyapatite concentrations, resulting in variable degrees of demineralization as well as degeneration since both irradiated and carious dentin show morphological and chemical changes.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of object positioning and Compton scattering on material discrimination in high-energy X-ray cargo scans","authors":"Hossein Barati, Seyed AmirHossein Feghhi, Rouhollah Azimirad","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112444","url":null,"abstract":"A key challenge in multi-energy X-ray inspection systems is the effect of object positioning on material discrimination accuracy. This study addresses the issue by conducting experiments with various materials placed at different positions. Four wedge-shaped samples were tested at different heights and angles within a standard dual-energy cargo inspection system. The results demonstrated that object positioning significantly influences the distribution of radiation reaching the detectors, mainly due to variations in the amount of Compton-scattered X-rays. These changes notably affect material discrimination curves. Additionally, placing objects farther from the accelerator enhanced material discrimination accuracy by 4-14% and improved detection precision by 4%–14% for some detectors. The findings highlight the need for precise control over experimental conditions to achieve optimal material discrimination results. The insights gained from this study can contribute to optimizing multi-energy X-ray inspection systems, improving material discrimination capabilities, and enhancing precision in threat detection.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Absolute cross sections for electron impact ionization and dissociation of methane from 350 to 8000 eV","authors":"Weizhe Huang, Yuting Zhang, Taj Wali Khan, Nuo Chen, Chunkai Xu, Enliang Wang, Xu Shan, Xiangjun Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112450","url":null,"abstract":"Absolute cross sections for electron impact ionization and dissociation of the planetary atmospherically important molecule, methane, have been measured in a wide energy range from 350 to 8000 eV using an ion momentum imaging spectrometer. The partial ionization cross sections (PICSs) of ionic fragments CH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>, CH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>, CH<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>, CH<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>, C<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>, H<ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup> and H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf><ce:sup loc=\"post\">+</ce:sup>, as well as five dissociation channels are obtained. The total ionization cross sections are also deduced by summing up the PICSs for all the observed ions. The PICSs of the ionic fragments at electron impact energies above 2000 eV and the PICSs of the dissociation processes are reported for the first time. The comparison and evaluation of the previous measurements reveals that the data of Lindsay and Mangan (2003) are in global agreement with present results, recommending reliable cross sections for electron impact ionization of methane from threshold to 8000 eV.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Passive technique of generating soliton mode-locked in thulium/holmium doped fiber laser employing MXene/Polyvinyl alcohol film","authors":"Hissah Saedoon Albaqawi, Fekhra Hedhili, Waed Alahmad","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112461","url":null,"abstract":"The present study proposes and demonstrates stable passive mode-locking in a laser operating at a wavelength of 2.0 μm by coupling a vanadium carbide MXene/polyvinyl alcohol (V<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>C/PVA) film, acting as a saturable absorber (SA), into the cavity of a Thulium/Holmium co-doped fiber laser (THDFL). The V<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>C/PVA film was successfully fabricated through a solution casting method. Initially, the V<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>C MXene was prepared using the molten salt method, wherein the aluminium (Al) layers were extracted from the V<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>AlC MAX phase precursor. The fabricated V<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>C/PVA film SA exhibits favourable nonlinear absorption properties, with recorded values of approximately 50% for modulation depth, 1 kW/cm<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup> for saturation intensity, and 50% for non-saturable loss. Achieving mode-locking at 1958.97 nm required a pump power of 283.5 mW, resulting in a 3-dB bandwidth of 4 nm. The SA generated stable pulses with an 18.69 MHz repetition rate, a pulse width of 1.6 ps, and a high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of around 60 dB. The research findings will pave the way for the application of V<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>C/PVA film SA in the field of ultrafast lasers.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Charge state distribution for 1.78–3.93 MeV/u Si projectiles passing through 10 [formula omitted] carbon foil","authors":"D.K. Swami, Sarvesh Kumar, S. Ojha, R.K. Karn","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112462","url":null,"abstract":"The charge state distribution of Si projectiles with energies ranging from 1.78 to 3.93 MeV/u, and initial charge states <mml:math altimg=\"si2.svg\"><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mi>i</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo>+</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mo stretchy=\"true\">(</mml:mo><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p</mml:mi><mml:mo linebreak=\"badbreak\">=</mml:mo><mml:mn>4</mml:mn><mml:mo linebreak=\"badbreak\">−</mml:mo><mml:mn>10</mml:mn></mml:mrow><mml:mo stretchy=\"true\">)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mrow></mml:math>, was investigated after traversing a 10 <mml:math altimg=\"si1.svg\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi><mml:mi>g</mml:mi><mml:mo linebreak=\"goodbreak\" linebreakstyle=\"after\">/</mml:mo><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mi>m</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mn>2</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:mrow></mml:math> carbon foil. This study was focused on determining the relevant parameters of the outgoing projectile such as the charge state distribution fraction (<mml:math altimg=\"si3.svg\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mi>F</mml:mi><mml:mi>q</mml:mi></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math>), the mean charge state <mml:math altimg=\"si4.svg\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo stretchy=\"true\">(</mml:mo><mml:msub><mml:mi>q</mml:mi><mml:mi>m</mml:mi></mml:msub><mml:mo stretchy=\"true\">)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, distribution width (w), and asymmetric/skewness parameter (s). These parameters were then compared with predictions from the Fermi gas model and ETACHA4. Notably, a significant disparity was observed between the experimental measurements and the theoretical calculations, with the latter overestimating the former. This overestimation was attributed to non-radiative electron capture (NREC) occurring at the exit surface, influenced by the wake and dynamic screening effects. Understanding and accurately determining the charge state distribution parameters hold immense importance in various scientific applications including in the field of plasma studies, these fractions of charge states are directly utilized to tackle complex problems and facilitate the detection of superheavy ions. Furthermore, these parameters play a vital role in enhancing our understanding of ion behavior, collision dynamics, and plasma characteristics. The insight observed from such parameters may be used to refine the theoretical models for accurate predictions and in planning of experiments involving ion interactions.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gamma irradiation accelerates alkaline degradation of cellulosic materials in radioactive waste","authors":"Bleyen Nele, Van Gompel Veerle, Durce Delphine, Nushi Enida, Valcke Elie","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112464","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulosic materials make up a significant fraction of the current low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste. During storage and disposal, radiolytic degradation of such materials is inevitable and can occur under both oxic and anoxic conditions. In addition, the highly alkaline cementitious environment of a disposal system promotes the alkaline degradation of cellulosic materials, producing radionuclide-complexing agents, such as isosaccharinic acid (ISA). As radiolytic degradation changes the physicochemical properties of cellulose, it could also affect its alkaline degradation and thus the production of ISA during disposal. Hence, in the present work, we investigated the alkaline degradation of pre-irradiated cellulosic tissues, which are representative of real radioactive waste. Pre-irradiation occurred by exposing tissues to γ-irradiation under oxic or anoxic conditions at absorbed doses up to 1.4 MGy and at two different dose rates. These irradiated tissues were then submerged in artificially prepared cement water (initial pH of 13.3) and monitored over 2.5 years. The results show a significantly faster production and release of dissolved organic carbon and ISA with an increasing absorbed dose during pre-irradiation, and even more so when oxygen is present during irradiation. The irradiation dose rate did not affect the subsequent alkaline degradation rate. Taken together, this work demonstrates that irradiation of cellulosic materials in radioactive waste during storage and disposal will accelerate their alkaline degradation under disposal conditions. Consequently, radionuclide-complexing agents such as ISA will form at rates far exceeding those anticipated from alkaline degradation alone. These findings are therefore pivotal for improving long-term predictions of the ISA production in radioactive waste.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"244 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of energy windows to calculate quantitative X-ray images using an energy-resolving photon-counting detector: A simulation study","authors":"Rina Nishigami, Daiki Kobayashi, Natsumi Kimoto, Takashi Asahara, Tatsuya Maeda, Tomonobu Haba, Yuki Kanazawa, Shuichiro Yamamoto, Hiroaki Hayashi","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112460","url":null,"abstract":"Energy-resolving photon-counting detectors (ERPCDs) are expected to enable novel functional diagnosis using quantitative X-ray images such as effective atomic number (Z<ce:inf loc=\"post\">eff</ce:inf>) images. In this simulation study, we sought to optimize the settings related to tube voltage and energy windows.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NIR luminescence properties of Nd3+ ion doped glasses medium based on Huta Ginjang quartz sand","authors":"Juniastel Rajagukguk, Pintor Simamora, Ladestam Sitinjak, Elyzabeth Simanullang, C.S. Sarumaha, N. Intachai, S. Kothan, J. kaewkhao","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112466","url":null,"abstract":"Neodymium ions (Nd³⁺) doped into quartz sand and silicate oxide-based glass mediums have been synthesized using the melt-quenching method. The resulting glass samples adhere to the chemical compositions of 5 quartz sand (QS) + 50 B₂O₃ + 10 BaO + 30 Na₂O + 0.5Nd₂O₃ and 5SiO₂ + 50B₂O₃ + 10BaO + 30Na₂O + 0.5Nd₂O₃. These glasses were characterized by density, refractive index, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and absorption spectrum. The quartz sand samples exhibited higher refractive index and molar volume compared to the silica borate samples. XRD spectra revealed the structural properties of the glass samples, while FTIR spectra were recorded across wavelengths from 650 to 4000 cm⁻<ce:sup loc=\"post\">1</ce:sup>. The absorption spectra were observed in the UV–Vis–NIR range from 350 to 1000 nm, revealing 11 transition peaks. Additionally, three emission peaks were identified within the wavelength range of 800–1500 nm, along with the decay time of the glass samples.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interlaboratory comparison of methods for determining radon activity concentration in dwellings in Slovakia and the Czech Republic","authors":"Vendula Filová, Vladimír Lesay, Josef Holeček, Branislav Vrban, Jakub Lüley, Štefan Čerba, Otto Glavo, Vladimír Nečas","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112429","url":null,"abstract":"Three methods for the measurement of the radon activity concentration were compared in a series of measurements in the Slovak and Czech Republics. Two methods were based on solid-state nuclear track detectors, TASTRAK (PADC) and RamaRn (LR 115), the third method was based on a semiconductor detector (Airthings Corentium Home). Seven sites were selected for comparison, the measurements were carried out in 21 rooms in total. The comparison shows agreement in the results within the range of uncertainties in the majority of measurements.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142788834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoluminescence and thermally stimulated luminescence properties of Tb-doped Li2O–B2O3–SiO2 glasses","authors":"Shiyu Rim, Akihiro Nishikawa, Takumi Kato, Daisuke Nakauchi, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112449","url":null,"abstract":"We fabricated 20Li<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O–20B<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>–60SiO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> glasses by the melt quenching method and doped Tb with a variety of concentrations from 0.03 to 3.0 %. The Tb-doped glasses showed several sharp emission peaks derived from Tb<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3+</ce:sup> in the photoluminescence (PL) and the thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) spectra. The PL quantum yield decreased as the Tb concentration decreased. The PL decay times of the Tb-doped samples were approximately 3.0 ms which was the typical feature of Tb<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3+</ce:sup>. The TSL glow peak was observed at around 75 °C, and the 1.0% Tb-doped sample indicated the highest TSL intensity. The Tb-doped samples worked as a TSL dosimeter in the range of 0.1–1000 mGy X-ray irradiation.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}