Optical investigation of novel butterfly pea flower extract (BPFE) modified MAGAT polymer gel for 3D dosimetry and radiotherapy applications

IF 2.8 3区物理与天体物理 Q3 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Radiation Physics and Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI:10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.113298

Oke A.O. , Iskandar S.M. , Azhar A.R. , Ahmad Lutfi Yusoff , Efenji Godwin , Nabasu Seth Ezra , Hayder Salah Naeem , Fadhirul I.M. , Alhassan Muhammad , Ode Samuel Omenka

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Abstract

Radiation therapy requires precise dosimetry for safety and effective delivery. This study presents the development and optical analysis of a novel modified methacrylic acid (MAA), gelatin, and tetrakis hydroxymethyl phosphonium chloride (MAGAT) polymer gel modified with Butterfly Pea Flower Extract (BPFE). The addition of BPFE was explored to enhance the dose-response of the MAGAT gel. Five concentrations of BPFE (2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 wt%) were each combined with 3 wt% and 6 wt% of methacrylic acid to develop the modified gel. Maltose (18.2 wt%) was added to the formulation to increase the sensitivity and gelation strength of the gel, while NaOH (30–60 mM) provided the pH balance for the composition. The spectrophotometric analysis of low-dose X-ray irradiated gel (50 mGy – 1Gy) reveals two distinct peaks (573 nm and 620 nm) in most of the compositions. The composition with 2 wt% BPFE exhibits the highest sensitivity (0.12298 ± 0.003 a.u.Gy⁻¹). FTIR analysis of the gel reveals the presence of functional groups like CO, C–O–C, O–H, and CC, which represent the characteristics of the anthocyanin compound group in the modified gel. Gel composition above 10 wt% BPFE and 6 wt% MAA resulted in pre-polymerization. Am-241 (gamma source) produces dense ionization resulting in the colour change of the gels. The improvement in the dose-response and sensitivity at this diagnostic range suggests that the result is suitable for dosimetry within the dose range studied. The colour shift upon exposure will assist in reducing the amount of time spent on analysis during treatment planning.

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新型蝴蝶豌豆花提取物（BPFE）修饰的MAGAT聚合物凝胶用于三维剂量学和放疗应用的光学研究

放射治疗需要精确的剂量测定以保证安全性和有效的传递。本文研究了一种新型改性甲基丙烯酸（MAA）、明胶和四甲基甲基氯化磷（MAGAT）聚合物凝胶的制备及其光学分析。探讨了添加BPFE来增强MAGAT凝胶的剂量效应。五种浓度的BPFE（2、5、10、20和50 wt%）分别与3 wt%和6 wt%的甲基丙烯酸混合，以制备改性凝胶。在配方中加入麦芽糖（18.2 wt%）以增加凝胶的敏感性和凝胶强度，而NaOH （30-60 mM）为组成物提供pH平衡。低剂量x射线辐照凝胶（50 mGy - 1Gy）的分光光度分析显示，大多数成分有两个明显的峰（573 nm和620 nm）。含2 wt% BPFE的组合物灵敏度最高（0.12298±0.003 a.u.Gy−1）。通过FTIR分析，凝胶中存在CO、C-O-C、O-H、CC等官能团，代表了改性凝胶中花青素化合物基团的特征。凝胶组成超过10 wt%的BPFE和6 wt%的MAA导致预聚合。Am-241（伽马源）产生密集的电离，导致凝胶的颜色变化。在此诊断范围内的剂量反应和灵敏度的提高表明，该结果适用于所研究剂量范围内的剂量测定。曝光后的颜色偏移将有助于减少在治疗计划期间用于分析的时间。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Radiation Physics and Chemistry 化学-核科学技术

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

17.20%

发文量

574

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： Radiation Physics and Chemistry is a multidisciplinary journal that provides a medium for publication of substantial and original papers, reviews, and short communications which focus on research and developments involving ionizing radiation in radiation physics, radiation chemistry and radiation processing. The journal aims to publish papers with significance to an international audience, containing substantial novelty and scientific impact. The Editors reserve the rights to reject, with or without external review, papers that do not meet these criteria. This could include papers that are very similar to previous publications, only with changed target substrates, employed materials, analyzed sites and experimental methods, report results without presenting new insights and/or hypothesis testing, or do not focus on the radiation effects.