Radiation Physics and Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Synthesis, structural, elastic properties, and radiation shielding potential of La2O3–B2O3–Nd2O3 glasses for multi-application potential","authors":"Khalid A. ,&nbsp;Dalal Abdullah Aloraini ,&nbsp;Ateyyah Al-Baradi ,&nbsp;kh. S. Shaaban","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigated the impacts of Nd₂O₃ addition on the <span><math><mrow><mi>γ</mi></mrow></math></span>-ray shielding, elastic, and structural properties of (La₂O₃–B₂O₃) glass systems. There is a noticeable colour shift from transparent colour to be light violet then to be dark violet. The <span><math><mrow><mi>ρ</mi></mrow></math></span> increased from 3.09 to 4.31, whereas V_m decreased from 26.68 to 20.36. The velocities increase from 4684 to 5034 for longitudinal velocity and from 1821 to 1995 for transverse velocity. The elastic moduli of the investigated samples containing doped Nd₂O₃ fall into the following order: BLN-2 &gt; BLN-1.5 &gt; BLN-1 &gt; BLN-0.5 &gt; BLN-0. The increase of MAC in the following order: BLN-2 &gt; BLN-1.5 &gt; BLN-1 &gt; BLN-0.5 &gt; BLN-0. The BLN-2 has the lowest HVLs and MFPs, while the BLN-0 has the highest. The results provide useful information for improving these glasses for uses for both strong mechanical construction and efficient radiation protection. Given that BLN-2 glass exhibits superior mechanical qualities compared to the other samples examined in this study, it is highly probable that BLN-2 glass could be employed as a possible shielding material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112710"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pioneering study of natural radioactivity in sand from Char lands along the Padma river near the Rooppur nuclear power plant of Bangladesh: Implications for public health","authors":"M.M. Mahfuz Siraz ,&nbsp;Wayez Bin Zahid ,&nbsp;Afroza Shelley ,&nbsp;Araf Mahmud ,&nbsp;Mohammad Shafiqul Alam ,&nbsp;Nazneen Sultana ,&nbsp;Md. Bazlar Rashid ,&nbsp;Mayeen Uddin Khandaker ,&nbsp;Shams A.M. Issa ,&nbsp;Hamid Osman ,&nbsp;Selina Yeasmin","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112714","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112714","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents the first detailed assessment of radioactivity in 36 sand samples from four charlands along the Padma River near the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant (RNPP) in Bangladesh. The activity concentrations ranged from 13 to 132, 17–132, 220–640 Bq/kg for ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, and ⁴⁰K, respectively with some ²²⁶Ra and most ²³²Th values exceeding global average levels. The elevated ²³²Th levels are primarily attributed to the region's geological composition, the natural presence of heavy minerals, the redistribution of radioactive materials via sediment transport, and local geochemical conditions. Although a few outdoor absorbed dose rates exceeded global averages, most radiological hazard indicators were within safe limits. Except for one sample with elevated values, the sand samples generally pose no significant radiological risk to the local community or environment. This dataset provides a valuable foundation for monitoring environmental radioactivity and supporting the effective management and regulation of nuclear power plant activities in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112714"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143678187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of gold nanoparticles coated with various surface-coatings on radiosensitization of melanoma","authors":"Pengcheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Boyi Yu ,&nbsp;Weiqiang Chen ,&nbsp;Qiang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112716","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112716","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the radiosensitizing effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with various surface-coatings under X-ray irradiation through in vitro and in vivo condition to optimize surface-coating selection for enhanced radiosensitization. Citrate-coated AuNPs (cAuNPs), glutathione-coated AuNPs (gAuNPs).11-mercapto-undecanoic acid-coated AuNPs (mAuNPs), thiopronin-coated AuNPs (tAuNPs), 1-thio-b-D-Glucose tetraacetic acid-coated AuNPs (tgAuNPs) and polyethylene glycol-coated AuNPs (pAuNPs) with the same 15-nm gold core, were synthesized. In vitro experimental data on detection of hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution and cellular uptake excluded tAuNPs, tgAuNPs, and pAuNPs from further cellular experiments. At a fixed cellular uptake of cAuNPs, gAuNPs, and mAuNPs of approximately two pg/cell in melanoma cells, gAuNPs showed the most obvious radiosensitization with a sensitizer sensitization ratio of 1.30 based on the clonogenic survival assay. In vivo experiments demonstrated that these three AuNPs significantly inhibited tumor growth and extended the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Further investigations revealed that AuNPs significantly elevated apoptosis in mouse tumor tissues, overexpressed BAX, and Caspase-3, and down-regulated Bcl2 proteins. The findings indicate that AuNPs enhanced tumor cell apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway when combined with radiation, highlighting their significant role in radiosensitization. Therefore, the type of AuNP surface-coating affected its radiosensitizing ability and these AuNPs are beneficial for the radiotherapy of melanoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112716"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between occupational exposure of laboratory technicians to ionizing radiation and impact on blood biomarkers","authors":"Vaneeza Rahim ,&nbsp;Noor Ul Haq ,&nbsp;Afrasiab Khan Tareen ,&nbsp;Imrana Niaz Sultan ,&nbsp;Sanam Zeib Khan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Waseem Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diagnostic X-rays are the predominant artificial source of radiation exposure. While diagnostic X-rays offer significant benefits, the associated danger of harmful health effects is not well acknowledged. The exposure of general public is occasional and only prescription base. Nonetheless, X-ray machine operators have everyday exposure.</div><div>This case-control study aimed to assess the effect of X-rays on all haematological parameters in the laboratory technicians. The study comprised 200 healthy X-ray machine operators and their demographically matched controls. Blood samples were obtained for the evaluation of haematological parameters. Demographic information and data about effect modifiers, mediators and potential confounding variables were gathered using a standardized questionnaire. A statistically significant difference in the white blood cells (WBC) (7.39 Vs. 8.08; <em>p</em> = 0.005), granulocytes (4.30 Vs. 4.94; <em>p</em> = 0.004), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (86.6 Vs. 87.1; <em>p</em> = 0.042), mean platelet volume (MPV) (9.72 Vs. 9.61; <em>p</em> = 0.029), and plateletcrit (PCT) (0.26 Vs. 0.24; <em>p</em> = 0.006) was observed where the WBC, granulocytes and MCV count was decreased and the levels of MPV and plateletcrit increased in the exposed workers. The dose-response analysis indicated statistically significant difference for MPV (9.70 for the exposed group versus 9.44 for controls; <em>p</em> = 0.047) and plateletcrit (0.26 for the exposed group versus 0.23 for controls; <em>p</em> = 0.010) for exposure durations exceeding two years. Additionally, within the age category of 35 years and older, significant differences were noted in lymphocyte counts (1.82 versus 2.53; <em>p</em> = 0.040), platelet counts (274.2 versus 270.0; <em>p</em> = 0.009), and plateletcrit (0.26 versus 0.21; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Chronic exposure to low-dose ionizing radiation has impacted haematological parameters in the laboratory technicians, despite the use of personal protective equipment. The study findings will be valuable for policy makers to prioritize occupational safety measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112713"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the performance of the Quantulus GCT 6220 and the Quantulus 1220 for the determination of 55Fe and 63Ni","authors":"J.L. García-León ,&nbsp;M. García-León ,&nbsp;G. Manjón","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An experimental study of the response of the newer Quantulus GTC 6220 liquid scintillation spectrometer has been conducted with the objective of determining the performance of this counter for the determination of ⁵⁵Fe and ⁶³Ni in the environment. Its response has been compared to that of the well-established Quantulus 1220. For this, Guard Compensation Technology (GCT) was used to reduce the Lower Limit of Detection (LLD in what follows). Two scintillation cocktails, Hidex ProSafe HC+ and Revvity OptiPhase HiSafe 3 were compared in this work. The parameters employed for this assessment were background count rate, counting efficiency, and LLD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112704"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclide identification of radioactive sources from gamma spectra using artificial neural networks","authors":"N.P. Barradas ,&nbsp;A. Vieira ,&nbsp;M. Felizardo ,&nbsp;M. Matos","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gamma spectroscopy is commonly used to identify the radionuclides present in samples or materials, by using the existing knowledge on the gamma ray energies and intensities for each radionuclide. However, when dealing with samples where the composition, internal configuration and shielding materials are unknown, as is the case, for instance, in nuclear security applications, the task can become challenging. Furthermore, gamma detection systems in field applications often do not have the high resolution typical of controlled laboratory conditions. In this work, we apply artificial intelligence techniques for automated identification of radioactive sources from gamma spectra obtained with a LaBr₃(Ce) detector with 3.6 % resolution at 662 keV. Combinations of up to 10 sources in each spectrum were used to train and test the artificial neural network developed. We report on the results, which show effective nuclide identification of radioactive sources from gamma spectra using ANNs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculation of Gamma-Ray buildup factors up to 100 MFP by the Monte Carlo method","authors":"Pei Sun ,&nbsp;Liang Xing ,&nbsp;Longtao Yin ,&nbsp;Jianye Huang ,&nbsp;Bin Zhong ,&nbsp;Huayun Shen ,&nbsp;Yangjun Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The point-kernel method is an analytical calculation method used to evaluate gamma-ray radiation fields and is widely applied in the fields of radiation protection and shielding design. The buildup factor is a critical parameter in determining the accuracy of the point-kernel method. However, the standard buildup factor datasets are constrained by limited range and insufficient consideration of certain physical processes, which restricts the application of the point-kernel method. This study aims to calculate buildup factors up to 100 MFP based on detailed physical models and advanced variance reduction techniques. Extensive statistical checks are conducted to ensure that the results are strictly unbiased. Additionally, the impacts of physical models, geometric configurations, and dose types on buildup factors are further evaluated. When the detailed physical model is considered, the BUF shows a maximum increase of 523 times compared to the standard data, making the standard database no longer conservative. In the low-energy region of highly scattering medium, the impacts of geometric configurations and dose types on BUF are observed to reach up to 80 %∼90 %. Finally, the origins of conservatism in the point-kernel method are discussed. Validation and testing are conducted using a typical model on the data which exhibited significant differences from the standard dataset. The results indicated that the new data surpassed the standard dataset in both conservatism and accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing intensity-modulated radiation therapy for stage II nasopharyngeal cancer: A comparative study of 7-field and 9-field treatment plans","authors":"Pham Van Khac, Vi Tran Doanh, Mai Thi Thao, Duong Thanh Tai, Peter Sandwall, Abdelmoneim Sulieman, James C.L. Chow","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112700","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to compare the efficacy of 7-field and 9-field intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) configurations in the treatment of stage II nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) to determine the optimal approach for maximizing tumor coverage and minimizing radiation exposure to critical organs. Twenty-one patients with stage II NPC were treated using the Elekta Synergy Platform linear accelerator and the Monaco treatment planning system. Two IMRT configurations, 7-field and 9-field, were evaluated for their dose distributions to target volumes (PTV70, PTV60, and PTV54) and sparing of critical organs (spinal cord, brainstem, parotid glands, and optic structures). Dose-volume histograms (DVHs) were used to assess plan quality. The 9-field IMRT technique demonstrated superior dose coverage for target volumes and better sparing of critical organs compared to the 7-field technique. Specifically, the 9-field configuration achieved higher mean percentages of volume receiving the prescribed dose for PTV70, PTV60, and PTV54. Moreover, the 9-field technique resulted in lower mean doses to critical organs, including the spinal cord and parotid glands, while maintaining doses within clinically acceptable limits. The 9-field IMRT technique offers significant advantages in terms of tumor coverage and critical organ protection for stage II NPC patients. Despite the increased complexity and treatment time, the enhanced therapeutic efficacy and safety profile make the 9-field IMRT configuration the preferred choice for optimizing radiotherapy outcomes in NPC treatment.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the optically stimulated luminescence properties of KCl: Al3+ under gamma irradiation","authors":"Jiabin Hou ,&nbsp;Xiuliang Zhao ,&nbsp;Mengjia Chen ,&nbsp;Lei He ,&nbsp;Sanjun He ,&nbsp;Chao Zhou ,&nbsp;Liyan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to investigating the suitability of KCl: Al³⁺ as a radiation dosimetry material, KCl: Al³⁺ pellets were prepared by the sintering method and the optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) properties of KCl: Al³⁺ under γ-irradiation were examined. X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that the structure of KCl was minimally altered by Al³⁺ doping, and the effective atomic number of the KCl: Al³⁺ pellet is 18.10. In order to obtain the trap depth and distribution in KCl: Al³⁺, the thermoluminescence (TL) curve of the materials was tested with an average activation energy of 1.00 eV for the main luminescence peaks, an average frequency factor of 4.19 × 10¹¹ s⁻¹, and the second order kinetics. In the OSL properties test, the impact of varying doping concentrations and grain sizes on the OSL response was examined. The findings revealed that the KCl: Al³⁺ pellets with a doping concentration of 0.001 mol % and a grain size of 125–150 μm exhibited the best OSL response. Upon excitation with the 520 nm green light pulse OSL (POSL), the minimum detectable dose (MDD) of KCl: Al³⁺ was observed to be 5.31 μGy. Furthermore, a favorable linear dose-response was evident within the dose range of 1–1000 mGy. The test analysis demonstrated that the POSL signal fading of KCl: Al³⁺ was consistent with the multiple traps and centers model. In comparison to pure KCl, the introduction of Al³⁺ resulted in a slower decay of the POSL signal. In the repetitive experiments of the material usage, the coefficient of variation was shown to be stably at 7.00 % in 9 tests. This paper demonstrates that the KCl: Al³⁺ material, with further optimization of its signal fading properties, has the potential for use in personal dosimetry and low-dose measurements, such as those employed in radiation therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 112697"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143675579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of a new dosimetric system for lens dosimetry made using 3D printing","authors":"G.G. Nascimento ,&nbsp;O. Rodrigues Jr ,&nbsp;M. Savi ,&nbsp;D. Villani ,&nbsp;M.P.A. Potiens","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2025.112701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For some years now, the radiation dose received by the lens of the eye has been the subject of discussion in the field of radiological protection. As a result, dose limits have been reduced, and the lens has come to be considered a critical organ. This concern has become more intense in the interventional radiology environment, where occupational exposure is significant, increasing the likelihood of developing cataracts caused by radiation. The present study aims to evaluate the performance of a new model of dosimeter holder, manufactured by means of 3D printing, designed for lens dosimetry, comparing its performance using a cylinder phantom recommended by ICRU and an anthropomorphic simulator developed by 3D printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 112701"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143627982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}