Radiation Physics and Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Structural modification and enhanced radiation shielding in Nd2O3-doped borophosphate glasses: A combined FTIR, density, and Phy-X/PSD analysis","authors":"O.E. Ziada ,&nbsp;M.S. Meikhail ,&nbsp;A.M. Abdelghany","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Introduced work addresses the research gap concerning the structural role and radiation-shielding influence of Nd₂O₃ within multi-component borophosphate glasses, which are promising candidates for lead-free, transparent radiation shielding. A series of glasses with composition (35-<em>x</em>)B₂O₃–30Na₂O–30P₂O₅–5Bi₂O₃-<em>x</em>Nd₂O₃ (where <em>x</em> = 0, 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 mol%) were synthesized via the melt-quenching technique at 1100 °C. Their amorphous nature was confirmed by XRD, while FTIR spectroscopy coupled with deconvolution analysis was employed to probe structural modifications. Physical properties, including density, molar volume, and oxygen packing density, were measured experimentally. Gamma-ray and neutron shielding parameters were comprehensively evaluated over 0.015–15 MeV using the Phy-X/PSD software. The results reveal a consistent densification of the glass network with Nd₂O₃ addition: density increased from 2.82 to 3.02 g cm^-3, while molar volume decreased from 38.596 to 36.924 cm³ mol^-1. The fraction of four-coordinated boron (N₄) remained nearly constant (∼0.83–0.84), indicating Nd₂O₃ acts primarily as a modifier without disrupting the established boron coordination equilibrium. Significant improvements in radiation shielding were observed: the linear attenuation coefficient at 0.015 MeV rose from 72.8 to 82.3 cm^-1, and the half-value layer at 15 MeV decreased from 9.154 to 8.368 cm. The fast neutron removal cross-section also increased from 0.0930 to 0.0978 cm^-1 with Nd₂O₃ doping. Results reveal that Nd₂O₃ incorporation enhances glass compactness and radiation attenuation without inducing major structural reorganization. The sample with 1 mol% Nd₂O₃ (Nd1) exhibited the most promising shielding performance, combining high density, low photon penetration, and effective neutron attenuation. These findings provide a clear structure–property relationship essential for designing efficient, non-toxic, and transparent radiation shielding glasses for medical, industrial, and nuclear applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of an alanine-based postal dosimetry audit system for radiotherapy quality assurance","authors":"Arícia Ravane Pereira da Cruz ,&nbsp;Lucas Delbem Albino ,&nbsp;Ernesto Roesler ,&nbsp;Claudio Castelo Branco Viegas ,&nbsp;Gabriel Henrique Rocha Barreto de França ,&nbsp;Josemary Angélica Corrêa Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Carmen Cecília Bueno ,&nbsp;Vinícius Saito Monteiro de Barros ,&nbsp;Viviane Khoury Asfora","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113696","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113696","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In radiotherapy practice, external dosimetry audits represent a valuable tool for identifying systematic errors, improving the quality and safety of treatments, and ensuring consistency in clinical dosimetry procedures. Despite their proven importance, many radiotherapy centers are still unable to access these audits, especially in resource-constrained settings. With this in mind, the present study aimed to validate an independent postal dosimetry audit service for photon radiotherapy, currently being developed at the Department of Nuclear Energy of Federal University of Pernambuco (DEN/UFPE), using alanine-EPR dosimeters. The proposed system features a structure designed to support six dosimeter holders simultaneously, allowing the evaluation of central-axis and off-axis dose, as well as quality index, flatness and symmetry of photon beams generated by linear accelerators. The system's performance was assessed by comparing measurements from the DEN/UFPE QA setup with results from the TLD-based dosimetry audit program of the Brazilian National Cancer Institute (PQRT/INCA) and with reference data obtained using a PTW 30013 ionization chamber under identical irradiation conditions. The interlaboratory comparison results demonstrated agreement among the systems, with dose deviations relative to the ionization chamber not exceeding 2.0% for the DEN/UFPE system and 1.9% for the PQRT/INCA system. Therefore, these findings provide robust evidence supporting the reliability, accuracy, and overall effectiveness of the proposed alanine-based postal dosimetry audit system, confirming its suitability for clinical implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of ionic migration in TlBr gamma-ray detector via temperature-dependent conductivity measurements","authors":"Beomjun Park ,&nbsp;Jiwon Seo ,&nbsp;Ill Hyuk Han ,&nbsp;Jihwan Boo ,&nbsp;Jangwon Byun ,&nbsp;Seungho Song ,&nbsp;Dakyoung Lee ,&nbsp;Joo-Hong Lee ,&nbsp;Jin-Wook Lee ,&nbsp;Jung-Yeol Yeom ,&nbsp;Geehyun Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thallium bromide (TlBr) is a promising room-temperature gamma-ray detector material owing to its high atomic number, wide bandgap, and relatively simpler crystal growth process than CdTe-based crystals. However, its practical application is hindered by ionic migration and polarization effects that degrade long-term stability under high bias voltages. In this work, we present a quantitative methodology to evaluate ionic transport in TlBr detectors through temperature-dependent conductivity measurements in the 193–323 K range. By separating electronic and ionic contributions under both current- and voltage-bias conditions, we extracted ionic conductivity values and determined the activation energy of ion migration. The activation energy varied with the vertical position of zone-refined TlBr ingots. These values were correlated with device performance, including photocurrent degradation under X-ray irradiation and peak channel shifts in gamma-ray spectra. The results reveal that ionic migration critically impacts charge collecting ability and spectral stability. This study proposed a standardized framework for quantifying ionic migration in TlBr detectors, offering valuable guidance for evaluating the operational stability in TlBr detectors. The activation energy of ion migration can serve as a robust metric for quantitatively comparing compound semiconductor detectors, whose ions migrate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resistance of refractory high-entropy alloys to ultrafast laser irradiation","authors":"Nikita Medvedev","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113694","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113694","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Response of refractory high-entropy alloys MoNbTaVW and HfNbTaTiZr to ultrafast laser radiation is modelled with the hybrid code XTANT-3, combining tight-binding molecular dynamics with the transport Monte Carlo and Boltzmann equation. A two-temperature state with elevated electronic temperature and a cold atomic lattice is studied. The parameters of the electronic system in such a state are evaluated: electronic heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and electron-phonon coupling parameter with the electronic temperatures up to ∼25,000 K. It is also demonstrated that the two refractory alloys do not show signs of nonthermal melting up to the deposited doses of ∼10 eV/atom, making them more radiation resistant than the Cantor alloy or stainless steel. These results suggest that heavy-element high-entropy alloys are more radiation resistant than those containing only lighter elements. Damage in irradiated HfNbTaTiZr starts with the selective diffusion of Ti atoms, forming a transient superionic-like state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113694"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the cross section data for the cyclotron production of 56Co, 57Co, and 58mCo radionuclides","authors":"Samar ,&nbsp;N. Amjed ,&nbsp;A. Naz ,&nbsp;A.M. Wajid","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An evaluation of production cross sections for the medically and industrially important cobalt radionuclides, namely, ^58mCo, ⁵⁷Co, and ⁵⁶Co, was performed. Experimental data from literature were compiled and critically analyzed in comparison with theoretical results of three nuclear model codes TALYS-1.9, EMPIRE-3.2, and ALICE-IPPE. A theory-aided evaluation methodology was used to generate the recommended Cross sections for each production route and their corresponding impurities. Using these recommended datasets, thick target yields were calculated for all investigated production routes with their impurities. The best production routes were suggested with optimum energy ranges for high-purity production of ^58mCo, ⁵⁷Co, and ⁵⁶Co radionuclides. In particular, the ⁵⁵Mn(α,n)^58mCo (13 → 7 MeV), ⁵⁷Fe(p,n)⁵⁷Co (15 → 6 MeV), and ⁵⁶Fe(p,n)⁵⁶Co (16 → 8 MeV) reactions were found to be the most favorable for reliable cyclotron production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical and experimental study of L-arginine sulfates","authors":"Ruzan Sukiasyan ,&nbsp;Mane Sahakyan ,&nbsp;Nelli Gharibyan ,&nbsp;Armen Ayvazyan ,&nbsp;Kyrill Suponitsky ,&nbsp;Astghik Danghyan ,&nbsp;Armen Atanesyan","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, L-arginine sulfates (LAS and LAS∙2H₂O) were studied both experimentally and theoretically. The crystal and molecular structure of LAS and LAS∙2H₂O were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method at 120 K and 295 K. It was shown that the crystals LAS (L-Arg²⁺)∙(SO₄²⁻) and LAS∙2H₂O ((L-Arg²⁺)∙(SO₄²⁻)∙2H₂O) crystallize in the orthorhombic (space group <em>P</em>2₁2₁2) and monoclinic (space group <em>P</em>2₁) systems, respectively. First-principles calculations of dielectric and optical properties, as well as the structural computational optimization procedure, were performed. The UV-Vis transmittance spectrum was recorded, and the second harmonic generation efficiency was investigated. Theoretical results for the optical properties were compared with experimental data․</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proton absorbed dose from laser-accelerated proton beamline (LAP) based on RPA method","authors":"S.A. Mahdipour ,&nbsp;M. Shafeei Sarvestani ,&nbsp;S.B. Dabagov ,&nbsp;A. Molavi","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113700","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113700","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiation Pressure Acceleration (RPA) and Target Normal Sheath Acceleration (TNSA) are the two most significant methods for designing Laser-Accelerated Proton Beam (LAP) systems. LAP technology has inspired innovative applications that leverage the unique properties of proton bunches, distinguishing them from conventionally accelerated proton beams. In previous simulations, we presented a fundamental model of the proton beamline based on two pulsed-power solenoids, utilizing Monte Carlo simulations with the GEANT4 toolkit. We conducted adjustments to the magnetic field of the first solenoid and precisely calculated the flux of primary protons and secondary radiations in the beamline. This article introduces the second solenoid, providing detailed specifications and incorporating it into the previous simulations, optimizing its magnetic field. Additionally, the absorbed dose from RPA protons in a water phantom has been calculated. The simulation results demonstrated that incorporating and optimizing the second solenoid within the beamline significantly enhanced proton beam energy selection and shaping. This optimization effectively filtered out lower-energy protons, reduced the effective energy spread, and consequently shifted the maximum dose deposition to a greater depth within the water phantom. Furthermore, as the incident energy dispersion decreased, the dose profile became more concentrated, and the width of the high-dose region was reduced. Analysis of secondary neutron and photon doses also revealed that controlling the incident proton energy spectrum has a pronounced effect on reducing secondary photon doses. The calculations presented in this paper constitute a preliminary step toward completing the full RPA beamline simulation model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113700"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146146418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced radiation shielding and damage resistance of AA6061 reinforced with TiB2: A Phy-X/PSD and SRIM/TRIM analysis","authors":"Zübeyde Özkan ,&nbsp;Seda Gürgen Avşar ,&nbsp;Uğur Gökmen ,&nbsp;Sema Bi̇lge Ocak","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the radiation shielding properties of AA6061 and its composite material reinforced with 5% TiB₂ ceramic were investigated using the Phy-X/PSD program for gamma ⁶⁰Co isotope gamma radiation (1173 keV). Key shielding parameters such as the linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (MFP), and effective conductivity (C_eff) were analyzed. The results indicate that the LAC values for AA6061 and AA6061 + 5% TiB₂ were 15.394 cm⁻¹ and 15.874 cm⁻¹, respectively, while the HVL values were determined as 0.045 cm and 0.0436 cm, respectively. The findings suggest that the TiB₂ reinforcement enhances radiation attenuation efficiency. Additionally, SRIM/TRIM simulations were performed to examine the effects of gamma ⁶⁰Co isotope irradiation on these materials at 1173 keV, focusing on mechanisms such as ionization, phonon interactions, and material damage analysis. The total damage values were found to be 16.73 for AA6061 and 16.59 for AA6061 + 5% TiB₂, indicating that the composite structure experiences slightly less damage due to the presence of TiB₂. The combined results from Phy-X/PSD and SRIM/TRIM analyses demonstrate that the addition of 5% TiB₂ enhances the radiation absorption capacity of AA6061, making it a promising candidate for applications requiring improved radiation shielding performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113707"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the impact of e-beam and X-ray irradiation conditions on radical generation in PE/EVOH/PE multilayer film","authors":"Blanche Krieguer ,&nbsp;Sylvain R.A. Marque ,&nbsp;Samuel Dorey ,&nbsp;Fabien Girard ,&nbsp;Yelin Ni ,&nbsp;Leonard S. Fifield ,&nbsp;Nicolas Ludwig ,&nbsp;Florent Kuntz ,&nbsp;Nathalie Dupuy","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sterilization of biopharmaceutical products has commonly employed gamma radiation from cobalt-60, a radioisotope with associated security and supply chain risks. Increased use of non-radioisotope alternative ionizing energy technologies, such as electron beam (e-beam) and X-rays, is promising but has been hindered by lack of thorough evaluation of the compatibility of these techniques with product materials. This study investigates radical generation in a polyethylene (PE)/ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH)/PE multilayer film product (Sartorius Flexsafe® with the S80 film) under varying e-beam and X-ray irradiation conditions to address data gaps for these materials and technologies. Utilizing a full factorial design of experiments (DoE), we examined the effects of irradiation technology, dose level, dose rate, processing temperature, and ambient oxygen concentration on radical formation, as quantified by electron spin resonance (ESR). Our results indicate that the type of ionizing technology (e-beam vs. X-ray) does not significantly affect radical concentration generation in the materials. However, higher doses and lower temperatures were found to correlate with increased radical concentrations, while elevated oxygen levels effectively suppressed radicals through a presumed scavenging mechanism. For e-beam processing, a higher dose rate reduced radical accumulation, while the opposite trend was found for X-ray irradiation. Complementary Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed subtle oxidation differences of PE under specific irradiation conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113610"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145956508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data-driven refinement of microscopic γ-ray strength functions for Nd isotopes","authors":"M. Sepiani ,&nbsp;M.N. Nasrabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2026.113641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The γ-ray strength function (γSF) is one of the most important components of photonuclear and radiative nuclear reaction mechanisms, describing the probability of the gamma-ray emission or absorption. Microscopic models of γSF offer a more fundamental description compared to phenomenological approaches, they cannot be flexibly adjusted to experimental data. To address this problem, a correction method for microscopic γSFs using some adjustable parameters has been implemented in the nuclear reaction codes. This work determines the optimal values of these parameters for microscopic Gogny HFB + QRPA γSF model for neodymium (Nd) isotopes by analyzing existing experimental γSF data for investigating the photonuclear reactions. The results demonstrate that by applying these adjustable parameters, the predictive accuracy of microscopic model for these reactions can be significantly improved. This improvement has important implications for various fields in nuclear physics and technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 113641"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145995421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}