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Enhancing the energy gap of random graph problems via XX-catalysts in quantum annealing 利用x -催化剂增强量子退火中随机图问题的能隙
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d5
Luca A Nutricati, Roopayan Ghosh, Natasha Feinstein, Sougato Bose and P A Warburton
{"title":"Enhancing the energy gap of random graph problems via XX-catalysts in quantum annealing","authors":"Luca A Nutricati, Roopayan Ghosh, Natasha Feinstein, Sougato Bose and P A Warburton","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d5","url":null,"abstract":"One of the main challenges in solving combinatorial optimisation problems with quantum annealers is the emergence of extremely small energy gaps between the ground state and the first excited state of the annealing Hamiltonian. These small gaps may be symptoms of an underlying first-order phase transition, which, according to the adiabatic theorem, can significantly extend the required anneal time, making practical implementation effectively infeasible. In this paper we demonstrate that attaching an XX-catalyst on all the edges of a graph upon which a MWIS (Maximum Weighted Independent Set) problem is defined, significantly enhances the minimum energy gap. Remarkably, our analysis shows that the smaller the energy gap, the more effective the catalyst is in opening it. This result is based on a detailed statistical analysis performed on a large number of randomly generated MWIS problem instances on both Erdõs–Rényi and Barabáasi–Albert graphs. We perform the analysis using both stoquastic and non-stoquastic catalysts.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robust entanglement buffers based on SWAP interactions 基于SWAP相互作用的鲁棒纠缠缓冲
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d7
Ye-Chao Liu, Otfried Gühne and Stefan Nimmrichter
{"title":"Robust entanglement buffers based on SWAP interactions","authors":"Ye-Chao Liu, Otfried Gühne and Stefan Nimmrichter","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d7","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum entanglement is the essential resource for quantum communication and distributed information processing in a quantum network. However, the remote generation over a network suffers from inevitable transmission loss and other technical difficulties. This paper introduces the concept of entanglement buffers as a potential primitive for preparing long-distance entanglement. We investigate the filling of entanglement buffers with either one Bell state or a stream of Bell states via SWAP interactions. We illustrate their resilience to imperfect interactions, noise, and losses, making the buffers suitable for a realistic quantum network scenario. Additionally, larger entanglement buffers can always enhance these benefits.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leveraging commuting groups for an efficient variational Hamiltonian ansatz 利用可交换群求解一个有效的变分哈密顿函数
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf507
Abhinav Anand and Kenneth R Brown
{"title":"Leveraging commuting groups for an efficient variational Hamiltonian ansatz","authors":"Abhinav Anand and Kenneth R Brown","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf507","url":null,"abstract":"Efficiently calculating the low-lying eigenvalues of Hamiltonians, written as sums of Pauli operators, is a fundamental challenge in quantum computing. While various methods have been proposed to reduce the complexity of quantum circuits for this task, there remains room for further improvement. In this article, we introduce a new circuit design using commuting groups within the Hamiltonian to further reduce the circuit complexity of Hamiltonian-based quantum circuits. Our approach involves partitioning the Pauli operators into mutually commuting clusters and finding Clifford unitaries that diagonalize each cluster. We then design an ansatz that uses these Clifford unitaries for efficient switching between the clusters, complemented by a layer of parameterized single qubit rotations for each individual cluster. By conducting numerical simulations, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in accurately determining the ground state energy of different quantum chemistry Hamiltonians. Our results highlight the applicability and potential of our approach for designing problem-inspired ansatz for various quantum computing applications.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144796943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Integration of a high-fidelity model of quantum sensors with a map-matching filter for quantum-enhanced navigation 集成高保真量子传感器模型和用于量子增强导航的地图匹配滤波器
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d9
Samuel Lellouch and Michael Holynski
{"title":"Integration of a high-fidelity model of quantum sensors with a map-matching filter for quantum-enhanced navigation","authors":"Samuel Lellouch and Michael Holynski","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d9","url":null,"abstract":"Harnessing the potential of quantum sensors to assist in navigation requires enabling their operation in complex, dynamic environments and integrating them within existing navigation systems. While cross-couplings from platform dynamics generally degrade quantum measurements in a complex manner, navigation filters would need to be designed to handle such complex quantum sensor data. In this work, we report on the realization of a high-fidelity model of an atom-interferometry-based gravity gradiometer and demonstrate its integration with a map-matching navigation filter. Relying on the ability of our model to simulate the sensor behaviour across various dynamic platform environments, we show that aiding navigation via map matching using quantum gravity gradiometry results in stable trajectories, and highlight the importance of non-Gaussian errors arising from platform dynamics as a key challenge to map-matching navigation. We derive requirements for mitigating these errors, such as maintaining sensor tilt below 3.3∘, to inform future sensor development priorities. This work demonstrates the value of an end-to-end approach that could support future optimization of the overall navigation system. Beyond navigation, our atom interferometer modelling framework could be relevant to current research and innovation endeavours with quantum gravimeters, gradiometers and inertial sensors.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144786593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Readout of strongly coupled NV center-pair spin states with deep neural networks 用深度神经网络读出强耦合NV中心对自旋态
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d6
Matthew Joliffe, Vadim Vorobyov and Jörg Wrachtrup
{"title":"Readout of strongly coupled NV center-pair spin states with deep neural networks","authors":"Matthew Joliffe, Vadim Vorobyov and Jörg Wrachtrup","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf2d6","url":null,"abstract":"Optically addressable electron spin clusters are of interest for quantum computation, simulation and sensing. However, with interaction length scales of a few tens of nanometers in the strong coupling regime, they are unresolved in conventional confocal microscopy, making individual readout problematic. Here we show that when using a single shot readout technique, collective states of the combined register space become accessible. By using spin to charge conversion of the defects we draw the connection between the intricate photon count statistics with spin state readout using deep neural networks. This approach is particularly versatile with further scaling the number of constituent spins in a cluster due to complexity of the analytical treatment. We perform a proof of concept measurement of the correlated classical signal, paving the way for using our technique in realistic applications.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144778325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Scalable chip-based 3D ion traps 可扩展的基于芯片的3D离子阱
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf2db
Elena Jordan, Malte Brinkmann, Alexandre Didier, Erik Jansson, Martin Steinel, Nils Huntemann, Hu Shao, Hendrik Siebeneich, Christof Wunderlich, Michael Johanning and Tanja E Mehlstäubler
{"title":"Scalable chip-based 3D ion traps","authors":"Elena Jordan, Malte Brinkmann, Alexandre Didier, Erik Jansson, Martin Steinel, Nils Huntemann, Hu Shao, Hendrik Siebeneich, Christof Wunderlich, Michael Johanning and Tanja E Mehlstäubler","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf2db","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf2db","url":null,"abstract":"Ion traps are used for a wide range of applications from metrology to quantum simulations and quantum information processing. Microfabricated chip-based 3D ion traps are scalable to store many ions for the realization of a large number of qubits, provide deep trapping potentials compared to surface traps, and very good shielding from external electric fields. In this work, we give an overview of our recent developments on chip-based 3D ion traps. Different types of chip materials, the integration of electronic filter components on-chip and compact electrical connections in vacuum are discussed. Further, based on finite element method simulations, we discuss how integrating micro-optics in 3D ion traps is possible without disturbing the trapped ions.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144778326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Towards experimental demonstration of quantum position verification using single photons 单光子量子位置验证的实验论证
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf2da
Kirsten Kanneworff, Mio Poortvliet, Dirk Bouwmeester, Rene Allerstorfer, Philip Verduyn Lunel, Florian Speelman, Harry Buhrman, Petr Steindl and Wolfgang Löffler
{"title":"Towards experimental demonstration of quantum position verification using single photons","authors":"Kirsten Kanneworff, Mio Poortvliet, Dirk Bouwmeester, Rene Allerstorfer, Philip Verduyn Lunel, Florian Speelman, Harry Buhrman, Petr Steindl and Wolfgang Löffler","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf2da","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf2da","url":null,"abstract":"The geographical position can be a good credential for authentication of a party. This is the basis of position-based cryptography—but classically this cannot be done securely without physical exchange of a private key. Recently it has been shown that by combining quantum mechanics with the speed-of-light limit of special relativity, this might be possible: quantum position verification (QPV). Here we demonstrate experimentally a protocol that uses two-photon Hong–Ou–Mandel interference at a beamsplitter, which, in combination with two additional beam splitters and four detectors is rendering the protocol resilient to loss. With this, we are able to show first results towards an experimental demonstration of QPV.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application-level benchmarking of quantum computers using nonlocal game strategies 使用非局部博弈策略的量子计算机应用级基准测试
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf1c0
Jim Furches, Sarah Chehade, Kathleen Hamilton, Nathan Wiebe and Carlos Ortiz Marrero
{"title":"Application-level benchmarking of quantum computers using nonlocal game strategies","authors":"Jim Furches, Sarah Chehade, Kathleen Hamilton, Nathan Wiebe and Carlos Ortiz Marrero","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf1c0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf1c0","url":null,"abstract":"In a nonlocal game, two noncommunicating players cooperate to convince a referee that they possess a strategy that does not violate the rules of the game. Quantum strategies allow players to optimally win some games by performing joint measurements on a shared entangled state, but computing these strategies can be challenging. We present a variational quantum algorithm to compute quantum strategies for nonlocal games by encoding the rules of a nonlocal game into a Hamiltonian. We show how this algorithm can generate a short-depth optimal quantum strategy for a graph coloring game with a quantum advantage. This quantum strategy is then evaluated on fourteen different quantum hardware platforms to demonstrate its utility as a benchmark. Finally, we discuss potential sources of errors that can explain the observed decreased performance of the executed task and derive an expression for the number of samples required to accurately estimate the win rate in the presence of noise.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
State-agnostic approach to certifying electron–photon entanglement in electron microscopy 电子显微镜中证明电子-光子纠缠的状态不可知方法
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf004
Phila Rembold, Santiago Beltrán-Romero, Alexander Preimesberger, Sergei Bogdanov, Isobel C Bicket, Nicolai Friis, Elizabeth Agudelo, Dennis Rätzel and Philipp Haslinger
{"title":"State-agnostic approach to certifying electron–photon entanglement in electron microscopy","authors":"Phila Rembold, Santiago Beltrán-Romero, Alexander Preimesberger, Sergei Bogdanov, Isobel C Bicket, Nicolai Friis, Elizabeth Agudelo, Dennis Rätzel and Philipp Haslinger","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf004","url":null,"abstract":"Transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) enable atomic-scale imaging and characterisation, driving advances across fields from materials science to biology. Quantum correlations, specifically entanglement, may provide a basis for novel hybrid sensing techniques to make TEMs compatible with sensitive samples prone to radiation damage. We present a protocol to certify entanglement between electrons and photons naturally arising from certain coherent cathodoluminescence processes. Using mutually unbiased bases in position and momentum, our method allows robust, state-agnostic entanglement verification and provides a lower bound on the entanglement of formation, enabling quantitative comparisons across platforms. Simulations under experiment-inspired conditions and preliminary experimental data highlight the feasibility of implementing this approach in modern TEM systems with optical specimen access. Our work integrates photonic quantum information techniques with electron microscopy. It establishes a foundation for entanglement-based imaging at the atomic scale, offering a potential pathway to reduce radiation exposure.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144747175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Phonon-induced non-equilibrium dynamics in a single solid-state spin 单固体自旋声子诱导的非平衡动力学
IF 6.7 2区 物理与天体物理
Quantum Science and Technology Pub Date : 2025-07-27 DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/adf092
Ariel Norambuena, Diego Tancara, Vicente Chomalí-Castro and Daniel Castillo
{"title":"Phonon-induced non-equilibrium dynamics in a single solid-state spin","authors":"Ariel Norambuena, Diego Tancara, Vicente Chomalí-Castro and Daniel Castillo","doi":"10.1088/2058-9565/adf092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-9565/adf092","url":null,"abstract":"The electron–phonon interaction is a cornerstone of condensed matter physics, playing a pivotal role in the properties of solid-state systems. When localized electronic states are coupled to lattice vibrations, phonons can induce memory effects. This study explores the non-equilibrium dynamics of a negatively charged silicon-vacancy center in diamond, analyzing the effects of both single phonon mode and structured phonon environment. Using numerical simulations and theoretical analysis, we employ trace distance as a metric to identify and understand memory effects in the transient dynamics and non-Markovian evolution. We systematically investigate the impact of longitudinal and transverse magnetic fields, phonon coupling strengths, Fock states, localized vibrations, and temperature on memory effects in this solid-state system. Our findings provide deeper insights into the interplay between electronic states and phonon environments, offering a comprehensive understanding of the conditions that govern the backflow of information in quantum solid-state devices.","PeriodicalId":20821,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Science and Technology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144715317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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