Radiologia Medica最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoperfusion for head and neck malignancies.","authors":"Thomas J Vogl, Andrea Tröger, Simon Bernatz, Timo Stöver, Hamzah Adwan","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02039-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11547-025-02039-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate tumor response and overall survival (OS) of patients with head and neck malignancies treated by transarterial chemoperfusion (TACP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This monocentric retrospective study included a total of 77 patients with head and neck malignancies, who were at least treated by one session of TACP in palliative-intent between 2002 and 2021. Tumor response to therapy was assessed using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). Local control was defined as achieving either partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 77 enrolled patients (mean age: 59 ± 12 years; 52 males) were analyzed according to OS. RECIST was performed in 70 out of 77 patients since follow-up imaging was not available in 7 patients. No major complications were observed. Considering RECIST, PR was achieved in 48.57% and SD in 44.29% of the patients, resulting in a local control rate of 92.86%. A total of 5 patients showed progressive diseases at a rate of 7.14%. The median OS was 12.6 ± 1.5 months. Patients with T1-T3 tumors had significantly longer OS compared to patients with T4.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Palliative TACP has the potential to improve local tumor control and achieve remarkable survival outcomes for patients with head and neck area malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":"1254-1262"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ADC measurement in whole-body MRI for multiple myeloma: a three b-values vs. two b-values DWI comparison.","authors":"Marta Zerunian, Benedetta Masci, Dominga Pugliese, Stefano Nardacci, Michela Polici, Francesco Pucciarelli, Domenico De Santis, Damiano Caruso, Giacinto La Verde, Andrea Laghi","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02026-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11547-025-02026-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in whole-body MRI (WB-MRI) reconstructed from diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with three b-values (50-500-1000 s/mm²) compared with two b-values (50-1000 s/mm²).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Patients with multiple myeloma who underwent 1.5 T WB-MRI were retrospectively included. Exclusion criteria were severe motion artifacts. Examinations included axial DWI with three b-values (50-500-1000 s/mm²); ADC maps were reconstructed with both three values of b(ADC3b) and two values of b(ADC2b) excluding b500 s/mm². According to MY-RADS guideline, bone lesion with ADC values 700-1400 µm²/sec was considered malignant and regions of interests (ROIs) were placed in bone lesions and healthy bone marrow. Both malignant lesions and healthy bone ADC3b were compared with ADC2b, considering as significant p < 0.05. In case of discordant ROIs on the two ADC maps for malignity/benignity, expert radiologists examined all the WB-MRI sequences to assign a malignant/benign qualitative assessment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-five patients (25 females, 29-83 yo) were retrospectively included; 305 bone lesions and 303 healthy bone segments were assessed. Objective analysis showed different ADC values between bone lesions' in ADC3b and ADC2b (965.3 ± 216.7 µm²/sec vs 937.2 ± 218.8 µm²/sec, p < 0.0001) and in healthy bone marrow ROIs (588 ± 271.7 vs 573.1 ± 573.1 ± 271.2, p < 0.0001). Despite significant differences, almost all the analyzed ROIs lay in the same range of ADC for bone lesions. 10/305 bone lesions fell into the range of malignity for ADC3b while showing lower values < 700 µm²/sec for ADC2b (ADC3b 715.82 ± 190.9 µm²/sec vs. ADC2b 687.72 ± 185.2 µm²/sec); focal bone lesion with discordant values was then confirmed as lesions, in accordance with ADC3b, by a panel of experts that blind-reviewed the whole sequences of the examinations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ADC2b is comparable with ADC3b except for borderline values (650-750 µm²/sec).</p>","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":"1275-1282"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Radioembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Comparison on Dual-phase Cone-beam CT, Contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and ^99mTc-macroaggregated albumin-SPECT/CT in predicting final distribution volumes and dosimetry of the post-embolization ⁹⁰Y PET/CT.","authors":"Ettore di Gaeta, Michela Olivieri, Annarita Savi, Patrizia Magnani, Carla Canevari, Simone Gusmini, Diego Palumbo, Giorgia Guazzarotti, Luigi Augello, Francesca Calabrese, Stephanie Steidler, Federica Cipriani, Margherita Rimini, Andrea Casadei-Gardini, Luca Aldrighetti, Arturo Chiti, Francesco De Cobelli","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02031-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11547-025-02031-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":"1307-1308"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144476456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of iodinated contrast medium on bone mineral density (BMD) quantification in computed tomography: a monocentric retrospective study evaluating phases, sex and age differences.","authors":"Philip Senti, Francesco Magoga, Oriana D'Ecclesiis, Andrea Cozzi, Filippo Del Grande, Rolf Wyttenbach, Stefania Rizzo","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02030-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11547-025-02030-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The primary purpose of this study was to assess the impact of iodinated contrast medium on bone mineral density (BMD) measurement in CT scans. The secondary purpose was to evaluate the impact of contrast medium on different acquisition phases, stratified by sex and age.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>CT examinations acquired in the emergency room between January 2019 and September 2021, before and after contrast medium administration, were included. On axial images, a round region of interest was traced on the first lumbar vertebra and the Hounsfield units (HU) values were recorded. Statistical analysis compared BMD differences across different acquisition phases. Stratified analyses by sex and age were also performed. Significance was set at p < 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 295 CT acquisitions from 100 patients (52 males; 48 females) were included. There was a significant difference in BMD among native, arterial and portal venous phases (p < 0.001). Specifically, BMD in arterial and venous phases differed significantly from the native phase (p = 0.007 and p < 0.001, respectively). Males showed a BMD higher of 19.1 points compared to females (p = 0.0007); younger people showed a higher BMD compared to older people (p < 0.001). Overall, significant differences in density emerged between phases in all stratified analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Unenhanced and enhanced CT shows significant differences in BMD quantification, particularly when comparing the venous and native phases. These differences were consistent across analyses performed according to sex and age.</p>","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":"1183-1192"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical MRI to predict motor and non-motor effects of deep brain stimulation in Parkinson disease.","authors":"Corrado Campisi, Giovanni Giulietti, Carlo Alberto Artusi, Federico D'Agata, Giovanni Morana, Claudia Ledda, Elisa Montanaro, Mario Coriasco, Leonardo Lopiano, Marco Bozzali","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02025-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11547-025-02025-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Subthalamic deep brain stimulation (STN-DBS) is a well-established intervention for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Routine neuroimaging can be used to estimate location and volume of activated tissue (VTA), by modeling the type of stimulator and stimulation parameters. We aimed here at developing a strategy based on clinical brain MRI scans to predict motor and non-motor outcomes of STN-DBS.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We included 25 consecutive patients with advanced PD eligible for STN-DBS. At baseline, patients underwent a comprehensive motor and cognitive/behavioral assessment, and conventional MRI. They underwent STN-DBS surgery, followed by a CT scan. Patients were reassessed 1 year later, while STN-DBS was active. Their neuroimaging data were used to calculate individual VTAs. The voxel-lesion-symptom-mapping (VLSM) toolbox, which allows to associate clinical variables with brain features of interest, was used to investigate associations between changes (in either direction) of motor, cognitive/behavioral scores between baseline and follow-up, and VTA subregions. Six newly enrolled patients were used to test the predictive value of this approach at a single subject level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VLSM analysis (p values corrected for multiple comparisons < 0.05) identified specific VTA subclusters associated with improved bradykinesia, verbal fluency, and mood state, and some others associated with worsening of tremor, long-term memory, and apathy. When considering cognitive/behavioral changes, an effect of hemisphere lateralization was observed, with modulation of the right basal ganglia being associated with symptoms' worsening, and left-side modulation associated with improvements. VTA subclusters predictive for clinical changes were mostly located outside the STN, indicating the importance of networks over single nuclei simulation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This approach suggests a possible way to personalize surgical planning, DBS-implant choice, and stimulation programing in the framework of precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":"1263-1274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12367973/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144249326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving diagnostic accuracy in cirrhotic patients: a comprehensive multicenter analysis of contrast-enhanced ultrasound-guided biopsy in a large cohort of 2056 patients.","authors":"Binbin Jiang, Xiang Jing, Yuxiang Wang, Xiaolin Zhu, Jing Wang, Ruiqing Du, Bin Lv, Kefeng Wang, Zhixiang Gao, Kun Yan","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02034-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11547-025-02034-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the factors influencing ultrasound-guided liver biopsy accuracy and develop a decision model for managing biopsy results.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective study enrolled 2056 adult patients with focal hepatic lesions from nine Chinese hospitals. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated, and variables were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. A prediction model was constructed using chi-square automatic interaction detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study enrolled 2056 participants (1297 men, 759 women; mean age, 67.8 ± 10.8 years) with 2056 biopsied lesions (mean ± standard deviation: 4.0 ± 2.8 cm; range 0.7-17.7 cm), and 94.2% were accurately diagnosed. Two to three biopsy passes were significantly more accurate than one pass (95.1% vs. 87.3%, P < 0.001) and comparable to the accuracy of > 3 passes (95.1% vs. 93.2%, P = 0.408). Independent predictors of accurate diagnoses included absence of cirrhosis [2.428 (1.457-3.741), P < 0.001], CEUS guidance [1.899 (1.288-2.801), P = 0.001], and number of biopsy passes > 1 [1.775 (1.103-2.855), P = 0.018]. The predictive decision tree model demonstrated that for cirrhotic patients who underwent CEUS-guided biopsy, the probability of an accurate diagnosis increased from 88.3% (when US-guided biopsy was used) to 93.3%. Conversely, in noncirrhotic patients undergoing US-guided biopsy, a diagnostic accuracy probability of 96.4% was observed. The overall prediction accuracy of the model was 94.4%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CEUS-guided biopsy enhances diagnostic accuracy in cirrhotic patients, whereas US-guided biopsy is highly accurate in noncirrhotic patients. Two to three needle punctures are sufficient for 95% accuracy, with no additional improvement from more punctures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":"1297-1306"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144541980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hi ChatGPT, I am a Radiologist, How can you help me?","authors":"Davide Bellini, Riccardo Ferrari, Simone Vicini, Marco Rengo, Carlos Leon Saletti, Iacopo Carbone","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02053-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11547-025-02053-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review paper explores the integration of ChatGPT, a generative AI model developed by OpenAI, into radiological practices, focusing on its potential to enhance the operational efficiency of radiologists. ChatGPT operates on the GPT architecture, utilizing advanced machine learning techniques, including unsupervised pre-training and reinforcement learning, to generate human-like text responses. While AI applications in radiology predominantly focus on imaging acquisition, reconstruction, and interpretation-commonly embedded directly within hardware-the accessibility and functional breadth of ChatGPT make it a unique tool. This interview-based review should not be intended as a detailed evaluation of all ChatGPT features. Instead, it aims to test its utility in everyday radiological tasks through real-world examples. ChatGPT demonstrated strong capabilities in structuring radiology reports according to international guidelines (e.g., PI-RADS, CT reporting for diverticulitis), designing a complete research protocol, and performing advanced statistical analysis from Excel datasets, including ROC curve generation and intergroup comparison. Although not capable of directly interpreting DICOM images, ChatGPT provided meaningful assistance in image post-processing and interpretation when images were converted to standard formats. These findings highlight its current strengths and limitations as a supportive tool for radiologists.</p>","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":"1221-1230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT acquisition protocols by pathology, SIRM position paper part 1: head and neck, brain and spine, chest, cardiovascular.","authors":"Ernesto Di Cesare, Antonio Esposito, Antonio Lo Casto, Maria Antonietta Mazzei, Gabriele Polonara, Nicola Sverzellati, Francesco Arrigoni, Nicoletta Gandolfo, Vittorio Miele, Andrea Giovagnoni","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02018-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-025-02018-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current medical scenario in diagnostic imaging is characterized by an extremely frequent use of computed tomography, which becomes the main source of medical exposure. The radiation dose depends on patient's characteristics, anatomical districts, and diseases under investigation; the first two parameters cannot be modified; the correct application of specific protocols for the disease under investigation, helps improve both standardization and dose reduction. This perfectly fits with the ALARA principles (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) according to which patients must be exposed to the right dose of radiation, which, in turn, must be as low as possibly achievable. To support the radiologists in the daily clinical practice and to standardize the exposure of patients, the Italian Society of Medical and Interventional Radiology (SIRM), through his specific subcommittee, has created this position paper.</p>","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144732896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence for multi-time-point arterial phase contrast-enhanced MRI profiling to predict prognosis after transarterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Lanlin Yao, Hamzah Adwan, Simon Bernatz, Hao Li, Thomas J Vogl","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02043-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11547-025-02043-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) monitoring across multiple time points is critical for optimizing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) prognosis during transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) treatment. The aim of this retrospective study is to develop and validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-powered models utilizing multi-time-point arterial phase CE-MRI data for HCC prognosis stratification in TACE patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Material and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 543 individual arterial phase CE-MRI scans from 181 HCC patients were retrospectively collected in this study. All patients underwent TACE and longitudinal arterial phase CE-MRI assessments at three time points: prior to treatment, and following the first and second TACE sessions. Among them, 110 patients received TACE monotherapy, while the remaining 71 patients underwent TACE in combination with microwave ablation (MWA). All images were subjected to standardized preprocessing procedures. We developed an end-to-end deep learning model, ProgSwin-UNETR, based on the Swin Transformer architecture, to perform four-class prognosis stratification directly from input imaging data. The model was trained using multi-time-point arterial phase CE-MRI data and evaluated via fourfold cross-validation. Classification performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). For comparative analysis, we benchmarked performance against traditional radiomics-based classifiers and the mRECIST criteria. Prognostic utility was further assessed using Kaplan-Meier (KM) survival curves. Additionally, multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was performed as a post hoc analysis to evaluate the independent and complementary prognostic value of the model outputs and clinical variables. GradCAM +  + was applied to visualize the imaging regions contributing most to model prediction.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The ProgSwin-UNETR model achieved an accuracy of 0.86 and an AUC of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.90-0.95) for the four-class prognosis stratification task, outperforming radiomic models across all risk groups. Furthermore, KM survival analyses were performed using three different approaches-AI model, radiomics-based classifiers, and mRECIST criteria-to stratify patients by risk. Of the three approaches, only the AI-based ProgSwin-UNETR model achieved statistically significant risk stratification across the entire cohort and in both TACE-alone and TACE + MWA subgroups (p &lt; 0.005). In contrast, the mRECIST and radiomics models did not yield significant survival differences across subgroups (p &gt; 0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis further demonstrated that the model was a robust independent prognostic factor (p = 0.01), effectively stratifying patients into four distinct risk groups (Class 0 to Class 3) with Log(HR) values of 0.97, 0.51, -0.53, and -0.92, respectively. Additionally, GradCAM +  + visualizations highli","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144708541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-body imaging for distant staging of bone chondrosarcoma: a systematic review.","authors":"Denise Dejua, Eduardo de Flammineis, Fabio Zecca, Luca Saba, Mark Davies, Rajesh Botchu","doi":"10.1007/s11547-025-02054-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-025-02054-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Despite the heterogeneity and peculiarities of bone chondrosarcoma (CS), specific guidelines regarding its distant staging are missing. We gathered the available evidence about imaging for distant staging in bone CS to foster guidelines' renewal.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We searched PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase for recent publications about imaging-based staging of chondrogenic tumors. The included studies had to encompass bone CS and to utilize whole-body imaging protocols. Narrative reviews, case reports, surveys, and studies either not involving chondrogenic tumors, not concerning imaging, or limited to loco-regional imaging were excluded. Tumor subtype-based restrictions were not applied. Data on extraskeletal CS were neglected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We initially included 27 studies of which 11 reported results specific to bone CS. While two of these specifically investigated whole-body MRI (wbMRI) in systemic chondromatoses, most studies reporting data on sporadic CS utilized either BS ± chest CT or PET-CT, followed by wbMRI. The marked heterogeneity of the studies and the scarcity of quantitative data prevented meta-analysis of the results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Comparative evidence on whole-body imaging for distant staging of bone CS is extremely scarce. Nonetheless, wbMRI might be a convenient one-stop-shop imaging solution in bone CS, warranting further observational research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20817,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Medica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}