Psychonomic Bulletin & Review最新文献_第8页

Modeling the link between the plausibility of statements and the truth effect. 模拟陈述的可信度与真实效应之间的联系。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-025-02647-z

Semih C Aktepe, Daniel W Heck

{"title":"Modeling the link between the plausibility of statements and the truth effect.","authors":"Semih C Aktepe, Daniel W Heck","doi":"10.3758/s13423-025-02647-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-025-02647-z","url":null,"abstract":"People judge repeated statements as more true than new ones. This repetition-based truth effect is a robust phenomenon when statements are ambiguous. However, previous studies provided conflicting evidence on whether repetition similarly affects truth judgments for plausible and implausible statements. Given the lack of a formal theory explaining the interaction between repetition and plausibility on the truth effect, it is important to develop a model specifying the assumptions regarding this phenomenon. In this study, we propose a Bayesian model that formalizes the simulation-based model by Fazio, Rand, and Pennycook (2019; Psychonomic Bulletin & Review). The model specifies how repetition and plausibility jointly influence the truth effect in light of nonlinear transformations of binary truth judgments. We test our model in a reanalysis of experimental data from two previous studies by computing Bayes factors for four competing model variants. Our findings indicate that, while the truth effect is usually larger for ambiguous than for highly implausible or plausible statements on the probability scale, it can simultaneously be constant for all statements on the probit scale. Hence, the interaction between repetition and plausibility may be explained by a constant additive effect of repetition on a latent probit scale.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhancing visual perception: The independent and additive effects of temporal and feature-based attention. 增强视觉感知：时间注意力和特征注意力的独立效应和叠加效应

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-025-02660-2

Dan Huang, Feng Gao, Yao Chen

{"title":"Enhancing visual perception: The independent and additive effects of temporal and feature-based attention.","authors":"Dan Huang, Feng Gao, Yao Chen","doi":"10.3758/s13423-025-02660-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-025-02660-2","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers often study selective attention in the temporal domain in isolation, but in real-life situations, it typically works together with other types of attention. The interplay between temporal attention (focusing on when) and feature-based attention (focusing on what) is one important aspect of attention that remains poorly understood. To investigate this, we asked subjects to report the orientation of one of the two stimuli sequentially presented at the same position. We used a cue consisting of two arrows to manipulate both temporal and feature-based attention: arrow size conveyed timing information, while direction conveyed orientation information of the upcoming target. This design effectively elicited temporal and feature-based attention to comparable extents, allowing us to examine their isolated and combined effects on perceptual sensitivity systematically. We observed that perceptual sensitivity was significantly influenced by the accuracy of the cue in predicting either target features or timing. When both aspects of the cue were accurate, perceptual sensitivity was maximized. Conversely, when both predictions were incorrect, perceptual sensitivity was minimized. When only one aspect of the cue was accurate, perceptual sensitivity showed an intermediate level. Crucially, our findings demonstrate that temporal and feature-based attention independently and additively affect perceptual sensitivity, suggesting that these attentional mechanisms operate autonomously and in concert to shape visual perception.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Episodic details are better remembered in plausible relative to implausible counterfactual simulations. 在可信的反事实模拟中，情节细节比在不可信的反事实模拟中记忆得更好。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-025-02670-0

Ricardo Morales-Torres, Kaylee Miceli, Shenyang Huang, Karl Szpunar, Felipe De Brigard

{"title":"Episodic details are better remembered in plausible relative to implausible counterfactual simulations.","authors":"Ricardo Morales-Torres, Kaylee Miceli, Shenyang Huang, Karl Szpunar, Felipe De Brigard","doi":"10.3758/s13423-025-02670-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-025-02670-0","url":null,"abstract":"People often engage in episodic counterfactual thinking, or mentally simulating how the experienced past might have been different from how it was. A commonly held view is that mentally simulating alternative event outcomes aids in managing future uncertainty and improving behavior, for which episodic counterfactual simulations need to be remembered. Yet the phenomenological factors influencing the memorability of counterfactual simulations remain unclear. To investigate this, we conducted two experiments using a paradigm where participants recalled autobiographical memories. After 1 week, they created counterfactual mental simulations of these memories, integrating a new object into each one and rating them on various phenomenological characteristics. Memory for these counterfactual mental simulations was tested the next day by recalling the new object. Across the two experiments we found that objects included in more plausible counterfactual simulations were better remembered compared with implausible counterfactual simulations. Our findings suggest that generating episodic counterfactual simulations perceived as plausible enhances their memorability, similar to other memory phenomena in which schematic knowledge improves subsequent episodic memory.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143557826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contrasting the organization of concrete and abstract word meanings. 对比具体和抽象词义的组织。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-025-02671-z

Veronica Diveica, Emiko J Muraki, Richard J Binney, Penny M Pexman

{"title":"Contrasting the organization of concrete and abstract word meanings.","authors":"Veronica Diveica, Emiko J Muraki, Richard J Binney, Penny M Pexman","doi":"10.3758/s13423-025-02671-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-025-02671-z","url":null,"abstract":"Concepts have traditionally been categorized as either concrete (e.g., ROSE) or abstract (e.g., ROMANCE) based on whether they have a direct connection to external sensory experience or not. However, there is growing consensus that these conceptual categories differ in their reliance on various additional sources of semantic information, such as motor, affective, social, and linguistic experiences, and this is reflected in systematic differences in the semantic properties that typically contribute to their informational content. However, it remains unclear whether concrete and abstract concepts also differ in how their constituent semantic properties relate to one another. To explore this, we compared the organization of 15 semantic dimensions underlying concrete and abstract concept knowledge using data-driven network analyses. We found striking differences in both (1) the centrality of conceptual properties and (2) their pairwise partial correlations. Distinct sensorimotor dimensions emerged as pivotal in organizing each concept type: haptic information for concrete concepts, and interoception and mouth action for abstract concepts. Social content was higher in abstract concepts. However, it played a more central role in structuring concrete meanings, suggesting distinct contributions of social experience to each concept type. Age of acquisition was related exclusively to dimensions quantifying sensorimotor and affective experiences, with sensorimotor properties supporting the acquisition of concrete concepts and affective properties contributing more to the acquisition of abstract concepts. Overall, our findings offer novel insights into the interplay between the diverse sources of semantic information proposed by multiple representation theories in shaping both abstract and concrete concept knowledge.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143543182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linguistic properties of memory expression differentially relate to accuracy, specificity, and perceived veracity. 记忆表达的语言特性与准确性、特异性和感知的真实性有着不同的关系。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-025-02667-9

Steven A Martinez, Kate Cliver, William J Mitchell, Helen Schmidt, Virginia Ulichney, Chelsea Helion, Jason Chein, Vishnu Murty

{"title":"Linguistic properties of memory expression differentially relate to accuracy, specificity, and perceived veracity.","authors":"Steven A Martinez, Kate Cliver, William J Mitchell, Helen Schmidt, Virginia Ulichney, Chelsea Helion, Jason Chein, Vishnu Murty","doi":"10.3758/s13423-025-02667-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-025-02667-9","url":null,"abstract":"When communicating our memories to others, we use specific language to represent and express those memories. However, whether the linguistic properties associated with memory expression, such as communication styles, relate to memory accuracy and specificity, and how threat affects these relationships, is unclear. Further, whether communication styles influence how others perceive memories is unknown. In Experiment 1, participants (n = 55) recalled a visit to an in-person haunted house, which included low- and high-threat segments. We examined how two distinct features of memory, episodic specificity and temporal-order accuracy, related to linguistic markers of genuineness (i.e., Authenticity) and formality (i.e., Analytical Thinking) during free recall. Results revealed that Authenticity and Analytical Thinking were both elevated when recalling high- versus low-threat memories. However, memory communication styles related to episodic specificity and temporal-order accuracy differentially. Increased recollection of episodic details was negatively related to Authenticity, but positively related to Analytical Thinking. Temporal-order accuracy was positively related to Authenticity, but unrelated to Analytical Thinking. In Experiment 2, naïve readers (n = 499) read pairs of haunted-house recollections given by participants in Experiment 1 and indicated which memory they perceived as more accurate. Results showed that greater Analytical Thinking and greater episodic specificity during free recall increased perceptions of accuracy; whereas Authenticity during free recall and temporal-order memory did not influence perceptions of accuracy. Together, these findings highlight the relationship between communication styles and distinct features of memory, and how memory expression can influence others' perceptions of communicated memories.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143524268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No evidence for association between pupil size and fluid intelligence among either children or adults. 在儿童或成人中，没有证据表明瞳孔大小与流体智力之间存在关联。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-025-02644-2

Patricia Lorente, Veera Ruuskanen, Sebastiaan Mathôt, Antonio Crespo, Jonas Radl

引用次数: 0

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02624-y

Florian I Seitz, Rebecca Albrecht, Bettina von Helversen, Jörg Rieskamp, Agnes Rosner

{"title":"Identifying similarity- and rule-based processes in quantitative judgments: A multi-method approach combining cognitive modeling and eye tracking.","authors":"Florian I Seitz, Rebecca Albrecht, Bettina von Helversen, Jörg Rieskamp, Agnes Rosner","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02624-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-024-02624-y","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative judgments have been suggested to result from a mixture of similarity- and rule-based processing. People can judge an object's criterion value based on the object's similarity to previously experienced exemplars and based on a rule that integrates the object's cues like a linear regression. In order to better understand these processes, the present work combines cognitive modeling and eye tracking and tests whether people who rely more on the similarity to exemplars also look more at the exemplar locations on the screen. In two eye-tracking studies, participants learned to assign each of four exemplars to a different screen corner and criterion value and then judged the criterion value of briefly presented test stimuli. Eye tracking measured participants' gazes to the now empty exemplar locations (a phenomenon called looking-at-nothing); cognitive modeling of the test phase judgments quantified participants' reliance on a similarity- over a rule-based process. Participants showed more similarity use and more looking-at-nothing in the study in which the cues were linked to the criterion by a multiplicative function than in the study with an additive cue-criterion link. Focusing on the study with a multiplicative environment, participants relying more on the similarity to exemplars also showed more looking-at-nothing ( <math><mi>τ</mi></math> = 0.25, p = .01). Within trials, looking-at-nothing was usually directed at the one exemplar that was most similar to the test stimulus. These results show that a multi-method approach combining process tracing and cognitive modeling can provide mutually supportive insights into the processes underlying higher-order cognition.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Better generalization through distraction? Concurrent load reduces the size of the inverse base-rate effect. 通过分散注意力更好地概括？并发负载减少了反向基本速率效应的大小。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-025-02661-1

Lenard Dome, Andy J Wills

引用次数: 0

Tuning the value of sweet food: Blocking sweet taste receptors increases the devaluation effect in a go/no-go task. 调整甜食的价值：阻断甜味感受器会增加“走”/“不走”任务中的贬值效应。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-025-02666-w

Toni Cunillera, Neus Nuño, Marc Ballestero-Arnau, Borja Rodríguez-Herreros, Cristina Rodríguez-Jiménez, Mercè Pallàs

{"title":"Tuning the value of sweet food: Blocking sweet taste receptors increases the devaluation effect in a go/no-go task.","authors":"Toni Cunillera, Neus Nuño, Marc Ballestero-Arnau, Borja Rodríguez-Herreros, Cristina Rodríguez-Jiménez, Mercè Pallàs","doi":"10.3758/s13423-025-02666-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-025-02666-w","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the apparent simplicity of the go/no-go (GNG) task, in which individuals selectively respond or withhold responses, there is strong evidence supporting its efficacy in terms of modulating food preferences. Herein, we manipulated sweet taste perception and investigated the no-go devaluation effect that is typically observed due to GNG training with respect to sweet and savory food items. Prior to engaging in a GNG task, one group of participants rinsed their mouths with a liquid solution containing gymnemic acid, thereby transiently and selectively inhibiting sweet taste perception, while another group used a placebo solution. The participants who rinsed their mouths with gymnemic acid exhibited a stronger overall decrease in food evaluations from pre to post training. Furthermore, a pronounced no-go devaluation effect was observed for sweet foods, irrespective of the rinsing solution. Overall, our results support the notion that training in the GNG task can induce changes in the valuation of food stimuli, particularly for sweet foods.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143503791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Disfluencies reflect a... uh... competition between response options: Evidence from a drift diffusion analysis. 不流畅反映了…嗯…反应选项之间的竞争：来自漂移扩散分析的证据。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-024-02638-6

Aurélie Pistono, Mehdi Senoussi, Robert J Hartsuiker

{"title":"Disfluencies reflect a... uh... competition between response options: Evidence from a drift diffusion analysis.","authors":"Aurélie Pistono, Mehdi Senoussi, Robert J Hartsuiker","doi":"10.3758/s13423-024-02638-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3758/s13423-024-02638-6","url":null,"abstract":"Disfluency can occur when a speaker faces difficulty in language production, but it is also as a strategy to stall for time and create an illusion of continuity in speech. To better understand the origin of disfluency, the current study used a drift diffusion model (DDM) in a context of semantic competition. We developed a speeded version of the picture-word interference paradigm, in which participants name pictures while ignoring distractor words. We applied the DDM approach to data from related vs. unrelated distractors but also from fluent versus disfluent answers in the related condition (e.g., \"apple\" vs. \"hm... a-apple\"). All differences between conditions were mapped onto the drift rate parameter. Unrelated distractor words resulted in a higher drift rate compared with semantic distractors, and correct fluent answers resulted in a higher drift rate compared with correct disfluent answers. Our findings suggest that semantic interference taps into the process of spreading activation through the lexical-semantic system. Most importantly, disfluency in the picture-naming task reflects competition between response options and is not a strategy from the speaker to stall for time to accurately name the picture.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143459214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0