Psychonomic Bulletin & Review最新文献_第10页

Contextual familiarity rescues the cost of switching. 熟悉上下文可以节省转换成本。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-06 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02392-1

Lindsay I Rait, Vishnu P Murty, Sarah DuBrow

{"title":"Contextual familiarity rescues the cost of switching.","authors":"Lindsay I Rait, Vishnu P Murty, Sarah DuBrow","doi":"10.3758/s13423-023-02392-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-023-02392-1","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in context influence the way we form and structure memories. Yet, little is known about how qualitatively different types of context switches shape memory organization. The current experiments characterize how different features of context change influence the structure and organization of free recall. Participants completed a context switching paradigm in which we manipulated the rate of switches and prior experience with the contexts participants were switching between (repeated vs. novel). We measured free-recall performance and determined the extent to which participants organized items by the order in which they were encoded or the type of context with which they were originally presented. Across two experiments, we found and replicated that rapidly switching to novel, but not repeated contexts, impaired memory recall performance and biased memory towards a greater reliance on temporal information. Critically, we observed that these differences in performance may be due to distinctions in how participants organize their recalls when rapidly switching contexts. Results indicated that participants were less likely to only cluster their responses by the same context when the contexts were repeating at a high rate, as compared to when the contexts were novel. Overall, our findings support a model in which contextual familiarity rescues the costs associated with rapidly switching to new tasks or contexts.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41149406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-language morphological transfer in similar-script bilinguals. 相似脚本双语者的跨语言形态迁移。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02383-2

Hasibe Kahraman, Bianca de Wit, Elisabeth Beyersmann

{"title":"Cross-language morphological transfer in similar-script bilinguals.","authors":"Hasibe Kahraman, Bianca de Wit, Elisabeth Beyersmann","doi":"10.3758/s13423-023-02383-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-023-02383-2","url":null,"abstract":"The current study explored cross-language morphological transfer mechanisms using a similar-script morphological translation priming paradigm in highly proficient unbalanced Turkish (first language; L1)-English (second language; L2) bilinguals. Using noncognate English and Turkish stimuli that shared a similar meaning with no form overlap (e.g., ice [Eng.] - buz [Tur.]), in Experiment 1, L2 English stem targets (e.g., ICE) were primed by affixed L1 nonwords (e.g., buzca [iceish]), nonaffixed L1 nonwords (e.g., buznak [iceald]), and unrelated L1 nonwords (e.g., tuşku [keyment]). The results revealed priming effects in both the affixed and nonaffixed nonword conditions relative to the unrelated control, and significantly larger priming in the affixed than the nonaffixed condition. In addition, enhanced cross-language morphological transfer effects were evidenced in bilinguals with an earlier age of L2 acquisition. In Experiment 2, English stem targets (e.g., ICE) were primed by nonaffixed L1 nonwords including translated stems (e.g., buznak [iceald]), semantically related stems (e.g., suzur [waterew]), and unrelated L1 nonwords (e.g., tuşzur [keyew]). The results showed significantly larger priming effects in the translated condition compared with the semantic and unrelated control conditions, with no priming in the semantic condition relative to the unrelated condition, suggesting that cross-language morphological priming effects were specifically due to the lexico-semantic relationship between the embedded word and its translation equivalent.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11192821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54230767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No evidence for contextual cueing beyond explicit recognition. 没有证据表明除了明确的识别之外还有上下文提示。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02358-3

Sascha Meyen, Miguel A Vadillo, Ulrike von Luxburg, Volker H Franz

{"title":"No evidence for contextual cueing beyond explicit recognition.","authors":"Sascha Meyen, Miguel A Vadillo, Ulrike von Luxburg, Volker H Franz","doi":"10.3758/s13423-023-02358-3","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-023-02358-3","url":null,"abstract":"Many studies claim that visual regularities can be learned unconsciously and without explicit awareness. For example in the contextual cueing paradigm, studies often make claims using a standard reasoning based on two results: (1) a reliable response time (RT) difference between repeated vs. new stimulus displays and (2) a close-to-chance sensitivity when participants are asked to explicitly recognize repeated stimulus displays. From this pattern of results, studies routinely conclude that the sensitivity of RT responses is higher than that of explicit responses-an empirical situation we call Indirect Task Advantage (ITA). Many studies further infer from an ITA that RT effects were driven by a form of recognition that exceeds explicit memory: implicit recognition. However, this reasoning is flawed because the sensitivity underlying RT effects is never computed. To properly establish a difference, a sensitivity comparison is required. We apply this sensitivity comparison in a reanalysis of 20 contextual cueing studies showing that not a single study provides consistent evidence for ITAs. Responding to recent correlation-based arguments, we also demonstrate the absence of evidence for ITAs at the level of individual participants. This lack of ITAs has serious consequences for the field: If RT effects can be fully explained by weak but above-chance explicit recognition sensitivity, what is the empirical content of the label \"implicit\"? Thus, theoretical discussions in this paradigm-and likely in other paradigms using this standard reasoning-require serious reassessment because the current data from contextual cueing studies is insufficient to consider recognition as implicit.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11192686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41238055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex differences in eyewitness memory: A scoping review. 目击者记忆中的性别差异：范围界定综述。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02407-x

Emma M Russell, Mitchell G Longstaff, Heather Winskel

{"title":"Sex differences in eyewitness memory: A scoping review.","authors":"Emma M Russell, Mitchell G Longstaff, Heather Winskel","doi":"10.3758/s13423-023-02407-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-023-02407-x","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers in cognitive and forensic psychology have long been interested in the impact of individual differences on eyewitness memory. The sex of the eyewitness is one such factor, with a body of research spanning over 50 years that has sought to determine if and how eyewitness memory differs between males and females. This research has significant implications across the criminal justice system, particularly in the context of gendered issues such as sexual assault. However, the findings have been inconsistent, and there is still a lack of consensus across the literature. A scoping review and analysis of the literature was performed to examine the available evidence regarding whether sex differences in eyewitness memory exist, what explanations have been proposed for any differences found, and how this research has been conducted. Through a strategic search of seven databases, 22 relevant articles were found and reviewed. Results demonstrated that despite the mixed nature of the methodologies and findings, the research suggests that neither males nor females have superior performance in the total amount of accurate information reported, but rather that females may have better memory for person-related details while males may perform better for details related to the surrounding environment. There was also consistent evidence for the own-gender bias. There was some consensus that differences in selective attention between males and females may underlie these sex differences in eyewitness memory. However, none of the studies directly tested this suggested attentional factor, and thus future research is needed to investigate this using a more systematic and empirical approach.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11192654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71413574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An extension of the shifted Wald model of human response times: Capturing the time dynamic properties of human cognition : Trial-varying Wald model. 人类反应时间的移位Wald模型的扩展:捕捉人类认知的时间动态特性:试变Wald模型。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02418-8

Zachary L Howard, Elizabeth L Fox, Nathan J Evans, Shayne Loft, Joseph Houpt

{"title":"An extension of the shifted Wald model of human response times: Capturing the time dynamic properties of human cognition : Trial-varying Wald model.","authors":"Zachary L Howard, Elizabeth L Fox, Nathan J Evans, Shayne Loft, Joseph Houpt","doi":"10.3758/s13423-023-02418-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-023-02418-8","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the ubiquitous nature of evidence accumulation models in cognitive and experimental psychology, there has been a comparatively limited uptake of such techniques in the applied literature. While quantifying latent cognitive processing properties has significant potential for applied domains such as adaptive work systems, accumulator models often fall short in practical applications. Two primary reasons for these shortcomings are the complexities and time needed for the application of cognitive models, and the failure of current models to capture systematic trial-to-trial variability in parameters. In this manuscript, we develop a novel, trial-varying extension of the shifted Wald model to address these concerns. By leveraging conjugate properties of the Wald distribution, we derive computationally efficient solutions for threshold and drift parameters which can be updated instantaneously with new data. The resulting model allows the quantification of systematic variation in latent cognitive parameters across trials and we demonstrate the utility of such analyses through simulations and an exemplar application to an existing data set. The analytic nature of our solutions opens the door for real-world applications, significantly extending the reach of computational models of behavioral responses.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138482892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rare and extreme outcomes in risky choice. 风险选择的罕见和极端结果。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02415-x

Alice Mason, Elliot A Ludvig, Marcia L Spetch, Christopher R Madan

{"title":"Rare and extreme outcomes in risky choice.","authors":"Alice Mason, Elliot A Ludvig, Marcia L Spetch, Christopher R Madan","doi":"10.3758/s13423-023-02415-x","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-023-02415-x","url":null,"abstract":"Many real-world decisions involving rare events also involve extreme outcomes. Despite this confluence, decisions-from-experience research has only examined the impact of rarity and extremity in isolation. With rare events, people typically choose as if they underestimate the probability of a rare outcome happening. Separately, people typically overestimate the probability of an extreme outcome happening. Here, for the first time, we examine the confluence of these two biases in decisions-from-experience. In a between-groups behavioural experiment, we examine people's risk preferences for rare extreme outcomes and for rare non-extreme outcomes. When outcomes are both rare and extreme, people's risk preferences shift away from traditional risk patterns for rare events: they show reduced underweighting for events that are both rare and extreme. We simulate these results using a small-sample model of decision-making that accounts for both the underweighting of rare events and the overweighting of extreme events. These separable influences on risk preferences suggest that to understand real-world risk for rare events we must also consider the extremity of the outcomes.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11192811/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136398956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gaze coherence reveals distinct tracking strategies in multiple object and multiple identity tracking. 凝视一致性揭示了多目标和多身份跟踪中不同的跟踪策略。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02417-9

Jiří Lukavský, Hauke S Meyerhoff

引用次数: 0

Cognitive load enhances patience rather than impulsivity. 认知负荷能增强耐心而不是冲动。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-06 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02403-1

Tao Jiang, Junyi Dai

{"title":"Cognitive load enhances patience rather than impulsivity.","authors":"Tao Jiang, Junyi Dai","doi":"10.3758/s13423-023-02403-1","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-023-02403-1","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies on the impact of cognitive load on time preference has led to conflicting results. However, these studies either failed to consider response randomness while analyzing behavioral data or involved a defective control level for a clear conclusion regarding the impacts of cognitive load. With two experiments using an adaptive approach to generating appropriate individual-specific stimuli and an additional, preregistered partial replication study, the current research provided consistent evidence that imposing cognitive load with a 2-back auditory memory task would produce simultaneously more patient and more random intertemporal choices. The finding of changed time preference was at odds with the dual-process account thereof but provided clear support for the role of reduced time sensitivity in intertemporal choices under cognitive load. Results of relevant model comparison did not support an account built upon more usage of heuristic strategies under cognitive load, either. Future research could examine boundary conditions for the dual-process and time-sensitivity accounts of time preference such as task features and individual characteristics that moderate the impact of cognitive load on time preference.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71485328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracking the time-course of spoken word recognition of Cantonese Chinese in sentence context: Evidence from eye movements. 在句子语境中追踪广东话口语识别的时间过程：来自眼动的证据。

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02397-w

Michael C W Yip

引用次数: 0

Does allowing for changes of mind influence initial responses? 允许心态的改变会影响最初的反应吗？

IF 3.2 3区心理学

Psychonomic Bulletin & Review Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-023-02371-6

Grant J Taylor, Augustine T Nguyen, Nathan J Evans

{"title":"Does allowing for changes of mind influence initial responses?","authors":"Grant J Taylor, Augustine T Nguyen, Nathan J Evans","doi":"10.3758/s13423-023-02371-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13423-023-02371-6","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence accumulation models (EAMs) have become the dominant theoretical framework for rapid decision-making, and while many theoretically distinct variants exist, comparisons have proved challenging due to strong mimicry in their predictions about choice response time data. One solution to reduce mimicry is constraining these models with double responses, which are a second response that is made after the initial response. However, instructing participants that they are allowed to change their mind could influence their strategy for initial responding, meaning that explicit double responding paradigms may not generalise to standard paradigms. Here, we provide a validation of explicit double responding paradigms, by assessing whether participants' initial decisions - as measured by diffusion model parameters - differ based on whether or not they were instructed that they could change their response after their initial response. Across three experiments, our results consistently indicate that allowing for changes of mind does not influence initial responses, with Bayesian analyses providing at least moderate evidence in favour of the null in all cases. Our findings suggest that explicit double responding paradigms should generalise to standard paradigms, validating the use of explicit double responding in future rapid decision-making studies.","PeriodicalId":20763,"journal":{"name":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54230768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0