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Not Everybody Has an Inner Voice: Behavioral Consequences of Anendophasia. 不是每个人都有内心的声音：无声症的行为后果。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241243004
Johanne S K Nedergaard, Gary Lupyan
{"title":"Not Everybody Has an Inner Voice: Behavioral Consequences of Anendophasia.","authors":"Johanne S K Nedergaard, Gary Lupyan","doi":"10.1177/09567976241243004","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976241243004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is commonly assumed that inner speech-the experience of thought as occurring in a natural language-is a human universal. Recent evidence, however, suggests that the experience of inner speech in adults varies from near constant to nonexistent. We propose a name for a lack of the experience of inner speech-anendophasia-and report four studies examining some of its behavioral consequences. We found that adults who reported low levels of inner speech (<i>N</i> = 46) had lower performance on a verbal working memory task and more difficulty performing rhyme judgments compared with adults who reported high levels of inner speech (<i>N</i> = 47). Task-switching performance-previously linked to endogenous verbal cueing-and categorical effects on perceptual judgments were unrelated to differences in inner speech.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"780-797"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140904552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Cutting Through the Noise: Auditory Scenes and Their Effects on Visual Object Processing. 穿越噪音：听觉场景及其对视觉对象处理的影响
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241237737
Jamal R Williams, Viola S Störmer
{"title":"Cutting Through the Noise: Auditory Scenes and Their Effects on Visual Object Processing.","authors":"Jamal R Williams, Viola S Störmer","doi":"10.1177/09567976241237737","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976241237737","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the intuitive feeling that our visual experience is coherent and comprehensive, the world is full of ambiguous and indeterminate information. Here we explore how the visual system might take advantage of ambient sounds to resolve this ambiguity. Young adults (<i>n</i>s = 20-30) were tasked with identifying an object slowly fading in through visual noise while a task-irrelevant sound played. We found that participants demanded more visual information when the auditory object was incongruent with the visual object compared to when it was not. Auditory scenes, which are only probabilistically related to specific objects, produced similar facilitation even for unheard objects (e.g., a bench). Notably, these effects traverse categorical and specific auditory and visual-processing domains as participants performed across-category and within-category visual tasks, underscoring cross-modal integration across multiple levels of perceptual processing. To summarize, our study reveals the importance of audiovisual interactions to support meaningful perceptual experiences in naturalistic settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"814-824"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141420561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ambivalent Sexism and Tolerance of Violence Against Women in India. 印度矛盾的性别主义和对暴力侵害妇女行为的容忍。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241254312
Nikhil K Sengupta, Matthew D Hammond, Chris K Deak, Ragini Saira Malhotra
{"title":"Ambivalent Sexism and Tolerance of Violence Against Women in India.","authors":"Nikhil K Sengupta, Matthew D Hammond, Chris K Deak, Ragini Saira Malhotra","doi":"10.1177/09567976241254312","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976241254312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined associations between sexist beliefs and tolerance of violence against women in India using a nationally representative probability sample of adults (<i>n</i> = 133,398). Research consistently indicates that hostile sexism fosters tolerance of violence against women. However, benevolent sexism is sometimes associated with higher tolerance and sometimes with lower tolerance of violence. We proposed that this inconsistency could be resolved by considering the source of violence: Is violence perpetrated by <i>outsiders</i> or <i>intimate partners</i>? Results of a multigroup structural equation model showed that endorsement of hostile sexism was related to greater tolerance of violence regardless of the source. In contrast, endorsement of benevolent sexism was associated with lower tolerance of violence from outsiders but was simultaneously associated with higher tolerance of spousal violence. These opposing processes indicate that although benevolent sexism promises women protection from violence, the very same ideology legitimizes spousal violence, thereby reinforcing men's power within intimate relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"712-721"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141318131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transparency Is Now the Default at Psychological Science. 现在，"透明 "已成为《心理科学》的默认原则。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1177/09567976231221573
Tom E Hardwicke, Simine Vazire
{"title":"Transparency Is Now the Default at <i>Psychological Science</i>.","authors":"Tom E Hardwicke, Simine Vazire","doi":"10.1177/09567976231221573","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976231221573","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"708-711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Divergent and Convergent Creativity Are Different Kinds of Foraging. 发散型创造力和聚合型创造力是不同类型的觅食。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-07 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241245695
Soran Malaie, Michael J Spivey, Tyler Marghetis
{"title":"Divergent and Convergent Creativity Are Different Kinds of Foraging.","authors":"Soran Malaie, Michael J Spivey, Tyler Marghetis","doi":"10.1177/09567976241245695","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976241245695","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to accounts of neural reuse and embodied cognition, higher-level cognitive abilities recycle evolutionarily ancient mechanisms for perception and action. Here, building on these accounts, we investigate whether creativity builds on our capacity to forage in space (\"creativity as strategic foraging\"). We report systematic connections between specific forms of creative thinking-divergent and convergent-and corresponding strategies for searching in space. U.S. American adults completed two tasks designed to measure creativity. Before each creativity trial, participants completed an unrelated search of a city map. Between subjects, we manipulated the search pattern, with some participants seeking multiple, dispersed spatial locations and others repeatedly converging on the same location. Participants who searched divergently in space were better at divergent thinking but worse at convergent thinking; this pattern reversed for participants who had converged repeatedly on a single location. These results demonstrate a targeted link between foraging and creativity, thus advancing our understanding of the origins and mechanisms of high-level cognition.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"749-759"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140850345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preregistered Replication and Extension of "Moral Hypocrisy: Social Groups and the Flexibility of Virtue". 道德虚伪：社会群体与美德的灵活性"。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-14 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241246552
Claire E Robertson, Madison Akles, Jay J Van Bavel
{"title":"Preregistered Replication and Extension of \"Moral Hypocrisy: Social Groups and the Flexibility of Virtue\".","authors":"Claire E Robertson, Madison Akles, Jay J Van Bavel","doi":"10.1177/09567976241246552","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976241246552","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tendency for people to consider themselves morally good while behaving selfishly is known as moral hypocrisy. Influential work by Valdesolo and DeSteno (2007) found evidence for intergroup moral hypocrisy such that people were more forgiving of transgressions when they were committed by an in-group member than an out-group member. We conducted two experiments to examine moral hypocrisy and group membership in an online paradigm with Prolific workers from the United States: a direct replication of the original work with minimal groups (<i>N</i> = 610; nationally representative) and a conceptual replication with political groups (<i>N</i> = 606; 50% Democrats and 50% Republicans). Although the results did not replicate the original findings, we observed evidence of in-group favoritism in minimal groups and out-group derogation in political groups. The current research finds mixed evidence of intergroup moral hypocrisy and has implications for understanding the contextual dependencies of intergroup bias and partisanship.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"798-813"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140922953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adolescents' Perceptions of Household Chaos Predict Their Adult Mental Health: A Twin-Difference Longitudinal Cohort Study. 青少年对家庭混乱的看法可预测其成年后的心理健康：双胞胎差分纵向队列研究》。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241242105
Sophie von Stumm
{"title":"Adolescents' Perceptions of Household Chaos Predict Their Adult Mental Health: A Twin-Difference Longitudinal Cohort Study.","authors":"Sophie von Stumm","doi":"10.1177/09567976241242105","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976241242105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study tested whether adolescents who perceived less household chaos in their family's home than their same-aged, same-sex sibling achieved more favorable developmental outcomes in young adulthood, independent of parent-reported household chaos and family-level confounding. Data came from 4,732 families from the Twins Early Development Study, a longitudinal, U.K.-population representative cohort study of families with twins born in 1994 through 1996 in England and Wales. Adolescents who reported experiencing greater household chaos than their sibling at the age of 16 years suffered significantly poorer mental-health outcomes at the age of 23 years, independent of family-level confounding. Mental-health predictions from perceived household chaos at earlier ages were not significant, and neither were predictions for other developmental outcomes in young adulthood, including socioeconomic status indicators, sexual risk taking, cannabis use, and conflict with the law. The findings suggest that altering children's subjective perceptions of their rearing environments may help improve their adult mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"736-748"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140877186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neural Signatures of Evidence Accumulation Encode Subjective Perceptual Confidence Independent of Performance. 证据积累的神经特征编码与表现无关的主观感知信心。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-09 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241246561
Wei Dou, Lleymi J Martinez Arango, Olenka Graham Castaneda, Leopoldo Arellano, Emily Mcintyre, Claire Yballa, Jason Samaha
{"title":"Neural Signatures of Evidence Accumulation Encode Subjective Perceptual Confidence Independent of Performance.","authors":"Wei Dou, Lleymi J Martinez Arango, Olenka Graham Castaneda, Leopoldo Arellano, Emily Mcintyre, Claire Yballa, Jason Samaha","doi":"10.1177/09567976241246561","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976241246561","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Confidence is an adaptive computation when environmental feedback is absent, yet there is little consensus regarding how perceptual confidence is computed in the brain. Difficulty arises because confidence correlates with other factors, such as accuracy, response time (RT), or evidence quality. We investigated whether neural signatures of evidence accumulation during a perceptual choice predict subjective confidence independently of these factors. Using motion stimuli, a central-parietal positive-going electroencephalogram component (CPP) behaves as an accumulating decision variable that predicts evidence quality, RT, accuracy, and confidence (Experiment 1, <i>N</i> = 25 adults). When we psychophysically varied confidence while holding accuracy constant (Experiment 2, <i>N</i> = 25 adults), the CPP still predicted confidence. Statistically controlling for RT, accuracy, and evidence quality (Experiment 3, <i>N</i> = 24 adults), the CPP still explained unique variance in confidence. The results indicate that a predecision neural signature of evidence accumulation, the CPP, encodes subjective perceptual confidence in decision-making independent of task performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"760-779"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140899277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Next Chapter for Psychological Science. 心理科学的下一章
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-27 DOI: 10.1177/09567976231221558
Simine Vazire
{"title":"The Next Chapter for <i>Psychological Science</i>.","authors":"Simine Vazire","doi":"10.1177/09567976231221558","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976231221558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"703-707"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Drawing Generalizable Conclusions From Multilevel Models: Commentary on 从多层次模型中得出可推广的结论：评论
IF 8.2 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2024-05-03 DOI: 10.1177/09567976241245411
Joshua L. Fiechter
{"title":"Drawing Generalizable Conclusions From Multilevel Models: Commentary on","authors":"Joshua L. Fiechter","doi":"10.1177/09567976241245411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976241245411","url":null,"abstract":"In a recently published article, Van de Calseyde and Efendić (2022) argue that inner-crowd wisdom (i.e., the reduction in error afforded by aggregating two estimates from a given person relative to a single initial estimate from that person) is enhanced when people are instructed to adopt the perspective of someone with whom they disagree prior to making a second estimate. Here, I present a reanalysis of Van de Calseyde and Efendić’s data and argue that evidence supporting their primary claim spuriously arises from anticonservative multilevel models. Specifically, Van de Calseyde and Efendić assess their data via random-intercept models and fail to account for item-level effects of experimental condition. Such an approach generally allows analysts to reap the enhanced statistical power of multilevel models without implementing appropriate checks on that power; in this case, underestimation of item-level variance appears to have driven an illusory benefit of perspective taking.","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140826868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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