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Preregistered Direct Replication and Extension of "The Wisdom to Know the Difference: Strategy-Situation Fit in Emotion Regulation in Daily Life Is Associated With Well-Being". “分辨差异的智慧：日常生活中情绪调节的策略-情境契合度与幸福感相关”的直接复制和扩展。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251335567
Emily C Willroth, Gerald Young, Brett Q Ford, Allison Troy, Dorota Swierzewicz, Iris B Mauss
{"title":"Preregistered Direct Replication and Extension of \"The Wisdom to Know the Difference: Strategy-Situation Fit in Emotion Regulation in Daily Life Is Associated With Well-Being\".","authors":"Emily C Willroth, Gerald Young, Brett Q Ford, Allison Troy, Dorota Swierzewicz, Iris B Mauss","doi":"10.1177/09567976251335567","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251335567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Certain emotion-regulation strategies (e.g., reappraisal) are associated with better well-being and are therefore seen as adaptive (health-promoting) strategies. However, it is unlikely that any strategy is adaptive regardless of context. Indeed, reappraisal is associated with positive outcomes in the context of uncontrollable life stress but negative outcomes in the context of controllable life stress. It follows that individuals who have better \"strategy-situation fit\" (use reappraisal more during uncontrollable vs. controllable situations) should have better well-being beyond their habitual reappraisal use. A previous test of this hypothesis found that strategy-situation fit in daily life was associated with greater well-being (<i>N</i> = 74). We conducted a well-powered preregistered direct replication of this study in 285 U.S. adults. We failed to replicate the original findings and found no evidence for the strategy-situation fit hypothesis, including when accounting for key confounders and moderators. We discuss implications for theory and future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"367-383"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
*The Ethnic and Political Divide in the Preference for Strong Leaders. 强势领导偏好的种族和政治差异。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251327217
Krishnan Nair, Marlon Mooijman, Maryam Kouchaki
{"title":"*The Ethnic and Political Divide in the Preference for Strong Leaders.","authors":"Krishnan Nair, Marlon Mooijman, Maryam Kouchaki","doi":"10.1177/09567976251327217","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251327217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevailing view among scholars has been that the preference for strong leaders is an idiosyncratic feature of right-wing individuals. However, it is unclear whether this inference is accurate given that prior research has largely overlooked the role of ethnicity. We analyzed data from the United States and Western Europe (<i>N</i> = 34,443) and found that ethnic minorities (and right-wing individuals) preferred strong leaders to a greater extent than Whites (and left-wing individuals). Notably, ethnic minorities across diverse ethnic and political backgrounds were closer to right-wing Whites on strong-leader preference than to left-wing Whites. Our work also provides some evidence, using both measurement-of-mediation (Studies 1-4) and experimental mediation (preregistered Studies 5 and 6), that generalized trust helps explain group differences in strong-leader preference. In sum, our research illustrates the unique nature of left-wing Whites' leadership preferences, and highlights the importance of testing social science theories using diverse participant samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"384-403"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Doubling-Back Aversion: A Reluctance to Make Progress by Undoing It. 双重厌恶：不愿通过撤销来取得进展。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251331053
Kristine Y Cho, Clayton R Critcher
{"title":"Doubling-Back Aversion: A Reluctance to Make Progress by Undoing It.","authors":"Kristine Y Cho, Clayton R Critcher","doi":"10.1177/09567976251331053","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251331053","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Four studies (<i>N</i> = 2,524 U.S.-based adults recruited from the University of California, Berkeley, or Amazon Mechanical Turk) provide support for doubling-back aversion, a reluctance to pursue more efficient means to a goal when they entail undoing progress already made. These effects emerged in diverse contexts, both as participants physically navigated a virtual-reality world and as they completed different performance tasks. Doubling back was decomposed into two components: the deletion of progress already made and the addition to the proportion of a task that was left to complete. Each contributed independently to doubling-back aversion. These effects were robustly explained by shifts in subjective construals of both one's past and future efforts that would result from doubling back, not by changes in perceptions of the relative length of different routes to an end state. Participants' aversion to feeling their past efforts were a waste encouraged them to pursue less efficient means. We end by discussing how doubling-back aversion is distinct from established phenomena (e.g., the sunk-cost fallacy).</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"332-349"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Signal Intrusion Explains Divergent Effects of Visual Distraction on Working Memory. 信号入侵解释视觉分散对工作记忆的不同影响。
IF 5.1 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251331039
Ziyao Zhang, Jarrod A Lewis-Peacock
{"title":"Signal Intrusion Explains Divergent Effects of Visual Distraction on Working Memory.","authors":"Ziyao Zhang, Jarrod A Lewis-Peacock","doi":"10.1177/09567976251331039","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251331039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Perceptual distraction distorts visual working memories. Recent research has shown divergent effects of distraction on memory performance, including attractive biases, impairment of memory precision, and an increase in the guess rate, indicating multiple mechanisms of distraction interference. Here we propose a novel signal-intrusion model based on the TCC (target-confusability-competition) framework to reconcile those discrepant results. We hypothesized that sensory interference is driven by the integration of a target signal and an intrusive distractor signal. Model comparisons showed that this TCC-intrusion model had a superior fit to memory error distributions across three delayed-estimation tasks with distraction (<i>N</i> = 220 adults) compared with other candidate models. According to the model, distractor intrusions decreased along with target-distractor dissimilarity, in accordance with the sensory-recruitment hypothesis. Moreover, TCC-intrusion successfully replicated divergent effects of distraction on memory bias, precision, and guess rate using this one intrusion mechanism. Together, these results suggest that perceptual distractors affect working memories through a unified mechanism of signal intrusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"316-331"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12369972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Commentary on Eskreis-Winkler and Fishbach (2019): A Tendency to Answer Consistently Can Generate Apparent Failures to Learn From Failure. 对Eskreis-Winkler和Fishbach（2019）的评论：持续回答的倾向会产生明显的失败，从而从失败中吸取教训。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251333666
Stephen A Spiller
{"title":"Commentary on Eskreis-Winkler and Fishbach (2019): A Tendency to Answer Consistently Can Generate Apparent Failures to Learn From Failure.","authors":"Stephen A Spiller","doi":"10.1177/09567976251333666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976251333666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research suggests that failure undermines learning: People learn less from failure (vs. success) because failure is ego-threatening and causes people to tune out. I argue that the core paradigm (the Script Task) provides a confounded test of that claim. When people do not learn from test feedback, they may give internally consistent answers on a subsequent test. The Script Task's scoring guidelines mark consistent answers as correct following success but incorrect following failure. As a result, differences in performance between conditions may result from equivalent learning combined with consistent responding when people do not learn. A descriptive mathematical model shows that lower performance alone is insufficient to conclude that people learn less. An experiment with U.S. Amazon Mechanical Turk workers demonstrates that a retroactive manipulation without feedback replicates the effect. Because the effect of failure on performance is confounded with consistency, the Script Task is not diagnostic regarding whether people learn less from failure unless consistency is ruled out.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"9567976251333666"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Where Do Children Look When Watching Videos With Same-Language Subtitles? 孩子看同语言字幕视频时看哪里？
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251325789
Anastasiya Lopukhina, Walter J B van Heuven, Rebecca Crowley, Kathleen Rastle
{"title":"Where Do Children Look When Watching Videos With Same-Language Subtitles?","authors":"Anastasiya Lopukhina, Walter J B van Heuven, Rebecca Crowley, Kathleen Rastle","doi":"10.1177/09567976251325789","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251325789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influential campaigns in the United Kingdom and the United States have argued that same-language television subtitles may help children learn to read. In this study, we investigated the extent to which primary-school children pay attention to and read subtitles and whether this is related to their reading proficiency. We tracked the eye movements of 180 British children in Years 1 to 6 who watched videos with and without subtitles. Results showed that attention to subtitles was associated with reading proficiency: Superior readers were more likely to look at subtitles than less proficient readers and spent more time on them. When children looked at words in the subtitles, they showed evidence of reading them. We conclude that some degree of reading fluency may be necessary before children pay attention to subtitles. However, by the third or fourth year of reading instruction, most children read sufficiently quickly to follow same-language subtitles and potentially learn from them.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":" ","pages":"223-236"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Participating in a Digital-History Project Mobilizes People for Symbolic Justice and Better Intergroup Relations Today. 参与数字历史项目动员人们争取象征正义和更好的群体间关系。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251331040
Ruth Ditlmann, Berenike Firestone, Oguzhan Turkoglu
{"title":"Participating in a Digital-History Project Mobilizes People for Symbolic Justice and Better Intergroup Relations Today.","authors":"Ruth Ditlmann, Berenike Firestone, Oguzhan Turkoglu","doi":"10.1177/09567976251331040","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09567976251331040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Awareness of past atrocities is widely seen as critical for restoring justice and building resilient democracies. Going beyond information provision, an increasing number of memorial sites, museums, and historical archives offer opportunities for public participation. Yet little empirical evidence exists on the impact of participation in the collective remembrance of past atrocities. Two experimental studies, a field-in-the-lab study with 552 university students in Germany and an online randomized control trial with 900 digital workers in Germany, showed that participating in a large-scale, digital-history project about Nazi persecution increased peoples' collective-action intentions for further commemoration activities and for activities that strengthen intergroup relations today. These effects persisted for 2 weeks. The findings suggest that digital-history projects can motivate collective action that is critical for symbolic justice and positive intergroup relations, thus contributing to well-functioning, pluralistic democracies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":"36 4","pages":"249-264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144043893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Infant Gaze Following Is Stable Across Markedly Different Cultures and Resilient to Family Adversities Associated With War and Climate Change. 婴儿注视跟随在明显不同的文化中是稳定的，并且对与战争和气候变化相关的家庭逆境具有弹性。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251331042
Gustaf Gredebäck, Kim Astor, Herbert Ainamani, Linda van den Berg, Linda Forssman, Jonathan Hall, Joshua Juvrud, Ben Kenward, Samson Mhizha, Wangchuk, Pär Nyström
{"title":"Infant Gaze Following Is Stable Across Markedly Different Cultures and Resilient to Family Adversities Associated With War and Climate Change.","authors":"Gustaf Gredebäck, Kim Astor, Herbert Ainamani, Linda van den Berg, Linda Forssman, Jonathan Hall, Joshua Juvrud, Ben Kenward, Samson Mhizha, Wangchuk, Pär Nyström","doi":"10.1177/09567976251331042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976251331042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gaze following in infancy allows triadic social interactions and a comprehension of other individuals and their surroundings. Despite its importance for early development, its ontology is debated, with theories suggesting that gaze following is either a universal core capacity or an experience-dependent learned behavior. A critical test of these theories among 809 nine-month-olds from Africa (Uganda and Zimbabwe), Europe (Sweden), and Asia (Bhutan) demonstrated that infants follow gaze to a similar degree regardless of environmental factors such as culture, maternal well-being (postpartum depression, well-being), or traumatic family events (related to war and/or climate change). These findings suggest that gaze following may be a universal, experience-expectant process that is resilient to adversity and similar across a wide range of human experiences-a core foundation for social development.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":"36 4","pages":"296-307"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Person Knowledge Is Independently Encoded by Allocentric and Egocentric Reference Frames Within Separate Brain Systems. 在不同的大脑系统中，个人知识是由异中心和自我中心的参照系独立编码的。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251328430
Robert S Chavez, Taylor D Guthrie, Jack M Kapustka
{"title":"Person Knowledge Is Independently Encoded by Allocentric and Egocentric Reference Frames Within Separate Brain Systems.","authors":"Robert S Chavez, Taylor D Guthrie, Jack M Kapustka","doi":"10.1177/09567976251328430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976251328430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Knowing the similarities among others is critical for navigating our social environments and building relationships. However, people can evaluate the similarity among others using two perspectives: other-to-other differences (allocentric similarity) or self-to-other differences (egocentric similarity). Here, we use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to test whether the similarity of brain-response patterns when thinking of others and the self is predicted by behavioral models of allocentric and egocentric similarity in the representations of acquainted peers from 20 independent groups of adults (total <i>N</i> = 108; within-subjects design). Results show that both allocentric and egocentric similarity during person representation are reflected in brain-response similarity patterns when thinking of others, but they do so differentially and in nonoverlapping brain systems. These results suggest that the brain independently processes both allocentric and egocentric reference frames to encode trait information about conspecifics that we use to represent person knowledge about others within real-world social networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":"36 4","pages":"265-277"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144021301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An Illusion of Time Caused by Repeated Experience. 由重复经历引起的时间幻觉。
IF 4.8 1区 心理学
Psychological Science Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1177/09567976251330290
Brynn E Sherman, Sami R Yousif
{"title":"An Illusion of Time Caused by Repeated Experience.","authors":"Brynn E Sherman, Sami R Yousif","doi":"10.1177/09567976251330290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09567976251330290","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How do people remember when something occurred? One obvious possibility is that, in the absence of explicit cues, people remember on the basis of memory strength. If a memory is fuzzy, it likely occurred longer ago than a memory that is vivid. Here, we demonstrate a robust illusion of time that stands in stark contrast with this prediction. In six experiments testing adults via an online research platform, we show that experiences that are repeated (and, consequently, better remembered) are counterintuitively remembered as having initially occurred further back in time. This illusion is robust (amounting to as much as a 25% distortion in perceived time), consistent (exhibited by the vast majority of participants tested), and applicable at the scale of ordinary day-to-day experience (occurring even when tested over one full week). We argue that this may be one of the key mechanisms underlying why people's sense of time often deviates from reality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20745,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Science","volume":"36 4","pages":"278-295"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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