Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Open data-driven analytics for active and healthy municipalities: A systematic review.","authors":"David Cobos-Valiente, Ainara Bernal-García, Jerónimo García-Fernández, Moisés Grimaldi-Puyana","doi":"10.1177/09544119261455392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544119261455392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban municipalities are increasingly relying on open data and digital technologies to support the planning of environments that promote physical activity, active mobility and equitable access to urban resources with a direct impact on population health. From the perspective of preventive medicine and population health, the integration of urban, environmental and mobility information is a key opportunity to design evidence-based strategies aimed at promoting active lifestyles and reducing health inequalities. However, the scientific evidence linking open data, healthy municipalities, physical activity, and smart cities remains fragmented. This systematic review, developed in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 statement, analyses how the literature indexed in Scopus addresses the convergence between these areas from a perspective applied to health decision-making support. A search was conducted in Scopus (TITLE-ABS-KEY) covering the period from 2015 to 2025, based on four conceptual blocks, which identified 96 documents, of which 60 studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis. The results show a marked increase in publications since 2020 and a predominance of applied analytical approaches, highlighting the use of geographic information systems, transitability and accessibility indices and emerging digital techniques such as sensor data and urban metrics derived from images. Although most studies combine multiple domains to assess urban determinants of physical activity and health, challenges remain associated with methodological heterogeneity and limited evolution of impact in terms of health outcomes. Overall, the findings underscore the need to move towards standardised and reproducible indicators and to strengthen data-based policy evaluation from the perspective of health, especially in small and medium-sized municipalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9544119261455392"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148101699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A co-designed gamified mHealth platform for adolescents and young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: System architecture and mixed-methods proof-of-concept.","authors":"José Ignacio Sañudo, Adrián Feria, Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Oliver, Borja Sañudo","doi":"10.1177/09544119261454203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544119261454203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adolescents and young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDs) experience disproportionately low physical activity and high sedentary time yet remain insufficiently served by scalable and cognitively accessible health-enhancing physical activity (HEPA) programmes. This study reports proof-of-concept evidence for IDHEApp, a co-designed, gamified mobile health (mHealth) intervention integrated with a wearable activity tracker to promote physical activity in cognitively diverse users. We conducted an 8-week, convergent mixed-methods pilot randomised controlled trial across two European community IDs services (Rome, Italy; Rijeka, Croatia). Sixty adolescents and young adults were randomised (1:1) to an intervention arm (IDHEApp with Fitbit-enabled feedback and gamified step challenges) or a control arm (Fitbit monitoring plus usual routines). Quantitative outcomes were derived from wearable data (primary: daily step count; secondary: activity intensity and posture-related indicators) and analysed as exploratory behavioural signals using ANCOVA adjusted for baseline values. Qualitative data were obtained through two-phase focus groups (pre-implementation formative assessment and post-implementation technology exposure) with adolescents and young adults and caregivers and examined using reflexive thematic analysis. The intervention was technically feasible to deploy in real-world service settings at both sites. The strongest between-group signal was observed for daily steps (+2068 steps/day; <i>p</i> < 0.001), whereas activity-intensity and posture metrics demonstrated smaller and less consistent patterns. Thematic findings suggested that simple, non-competitive gamification (step goals, points, badges) was readily understood and perceived as motivating, supporting sustained engagement; however, technical barriers (Bluetooth pairing, synchronisation, device charging) increased reliance on caregiver support. Collectively, these findings indicate that IDHEApp is a promising mobile-wearable ecosystem to support HEPA in adolescents and young adults with IDs and justify further optimisation to enhance technical robustness, reduce caregiver burden, and evaluate effectiveness over longer follow-up periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9544119261454203"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electromyographic and co-activation patterns during landings: A sex-based analysis in athletes.","authors":"Juan José Del Ojo López, Timothy Hewett, Antonio Jesús Sánchez-Oliver, Ángel Carnero Díaz, Adrián Feria Madueño","doi":"10.1177/09544119261452730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544119261452730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Knee injuries remain prevalent in sports involving landing tasks, particularly among non-professional athletes. Sex-specific neuromuscular strategies during landing may contribute to different joint stabilization patterns. The aim of this study was to examine sex-related differences in thigh muscle activation and hamstrings-to-quadriceps (H/Q) co-activation during standardized single-leg landings in recreational athletes. A total of 162 physically active participants (25% women) performed a single-leg drop landing from 30 cm. Surface electromyography was recorded from the rectus femoris and biceps femoris and normalized to maximal voluntary contraction (MVC). Muscle activation was analyzed across early post-contact time windows (50, 100, 150, and 200 ms). Between-sex comparisons were conducted using independent t-tests with Bonferroni correction (α = 0.0033). At the group level, quadriceps activation exceeded hamstrings under MVC-normalized conditions, whereas during the early post-contact phase hamstring activation was slightly higher, with H/Q ratios close to unity. Men showed greater quadriceps activation than women at 50 ms post-contact, which remained significant after correction. Other sex differences did not reach the adjusted significance threshold. No significant sex differences were observed for hamstring activation. Recreational single-leg landings are characterized by high early-phase thigh activation with balanced H/Q ratios. These findings suggest that early neuromuscular responses and sex-specific activation patterns should be considered when designing injury prevention and neuromuscular training programs, particularly those targeting rapid muscle coordination during the initial phase of landing.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9544119261452730"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147983043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peak landing force as a predictor of regional proximal femur bone mineral density in physically inactive postmenopausal women.","authors":"Gonzalo Reverte-Pagola, Salvatore Pinelli, Sergio Tejero, Laura Bragonzoni, Borja Sañudo","doi":"10.1177/09544119261451375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544119261451375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The proximal femur is a clinically relevant site in postmenopausal skeletal health, yet the association between countermovement jump (CMJ)-derived biomechanical variables and regional proximal femur bone mineral density (BMD) remains insufficiently explored. This study examined the relationship between CMJ-derived parameters and proximal femur BMD in physically inactive postmenopausal women. 120 women were recruited, and 110 were included in the final analysis after exclusion of invalid jump trials. BMD was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the femoral neck, greater trochanter, femoral shaft, and total hip. Participants performed three maximal CMJs on a force platform, from which peak landing force, flight time, jump height, and the flight-to-jump time ratio were derived. Multiple linear regression models were fitted for each DXA outcome using anthropometric covariates and CMJ-derived parameters as predictors. All models were statistically significant and explained 21%-32% of the variance in the DXA outcomes. Total hip BMD showed the best overall fit (adjusted <i>R</i>² = 0.32; CV-RMSE = 11%), followed by shaft BMD (adjusted <i>R</i>² = 0.31; CV-RMSE = 12%). Peak landing force was the CMJ-derived variable with the lowest <i>p</i>-value in all four models, reaching statistical significance for femoral neck, shaft, and total hip BMD, but not for trochanter BMD. These findings suggest that landing-phase mechanical characteristics may be more closely associated with proximal femur BMD than temporal CMJ variables in physically inactive postmenopausal women. Although the associations were moderate and do not support replacing DXA, they highlight the value of functional biomechanical testing in skeletal health research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"9544119261451375"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147949444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and in vitro testing of an innovative orthodontic bracket debonding force measurement device.","authors":"Varadaraju Magesh, Pandurangan Harikrishnan","doi":"10.1177/09544119261441343","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119261441343","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orthodontic brackets are removed from the teeth surfaces after fixed appliance therapy using debonding pliers, but the applied forces are unknown. There is a need for clinicians to know the debonding forces and so this study was aimed to develop an orthodontic debonding force measurement device and to test it in vitro. The device consists of an Orthodontic debonding plier with 3D printed handle covers to adapt the Force Sensitive Resistors (FSRs) which in-turn is attached to an electronic circuit made with a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) connected with a microcontroller. The forces applied by the plier during removal of orthodontic brackets were captured through an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) software display. The device was tested using 20 artificial lower premolar teeth with brackets bonded on the labial (outer) surface of the teeth. Forces generated from both the handles of the plier were recorded for each sample. The descriptive statistics along with Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was performed. Between the tested samples, the least debonding force at the tip of the plier was 66.67 N and highest was 141.26 N with a mean of 111.61 N. Higher forces were recorded in the plier's upper handle which had contact with palm and thumb finger than the lower handle with the remaining finger's contact. The preliminary in vitro testing of the developed orthodontic debonding force measurement device was found functionally satisfactory. The device is simple to use and will be beneficial to the clinicians in monitoring the debonding forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"508-515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of mixing techniques and vacuum levels on the structural and mechanical properties of PMMA bone cement: A comparative study.","authors":"Harry Barratt, Harry Templeman, Karthik Nair, Gavin Day, Anthony Herbert","doi":"10.1177/09544119261436611","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119261436611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mechanical integrity of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) bone cement is crucial for the long-term fixation of orthopaedic implants, yet it is often compromised by porosity introduced during mixing. This study investigates the influence of mixing technique and vacuum level on the structural and mechanical properties of PMMA bone cement. Three clinically relevant mixing approaches, open bowl, vacuum bowl and vacuum cartridge were evaluated at vacuum levels ranging from 0 to 650 mm Hg. Cylindrical PMMA specimens were produced and their porosity assessed using high-resolution micro-computed tomography (µCT), with corresponding mechanical properties determined through compressive testing in accordance with ISO 5833:2002. µCT analysis revealed significant reductions in porosity at higher vacuum levels, particularly with the vacuum cartridge system. A strong and significant negative correlation was observed between compressive strength and porosity (<i>R</i>² = 0.864), while specimen mass showed no predictive value for mechanical performance. Although vacuum mixing reduced porosity, no consistent changes in Young's modulus were detected across the mixing groups. These findings emphasise the importance of porosity control in bone cement preparation and highlight the limitations of current ISO standards. The study advocates for improved testing protocols that more accurately reflect clinical conditions to enhance the predictive value of in vitro assessments of PMMA cement performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"498-507"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13199635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147628321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical effects of intra-abdominal pressure and genital hiatus on the pelvic floor in initial injury.","authors":"Qiuyu Zheng, Ling Li, Zhenhua Gao, Jihong Shen, Tingqiang Yao","doi":"10.1177/09544119261434622","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119261434622","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biomechanical mechanism between <i>genital hiatus</i> (GH), intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is currently unclear. Therefore, two biomechanical models for comparative analysis are developed to discuss the biomechanical relations of IAP and GH with prolapse of <i>anterior</i> and <i>posterior vaginal walls</i> (AVW and PVW) in the injured pelvic floor system. Based on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pelvic floor of a healthy woman, we developed two 2D finite element models by using mechanical equivalence to represent the physiological and pathological states respectively. Both models contain hollow structure <i>rectum</i>. We simulated biomechanical characteristics of POP progression under different IAP and GH values in the PVW injury. In the pathological state with an IAP of 83.9 cmH₂O, the descending displacement of the <i>cervix</i> increased from 14.3 to 20.9 mm when the GH increased from 10 to 40 mm. The maximum stress of AVW and <i>perineal body</i> (PB) rose from 0.343 to 0.611 MPa, from 0.190 to 0.974 MPa, respectively. Compared with the physiological state, the initial GH is a significant influence on POP progression. The increase of GH leads to a reduction or loss of biomechanical support for the <i>bladder</i>. The influence of IAPs and GH interaction exacerbates the injury and mechanical imbalance in the pathological state, which triggers increased stress in the AVW and PB, the descending displacements of the cervix and PVM, and exacerbates POP progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"516-528"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147842141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanobiological design strategy for additively manufacturable tibial ankle implant for enhanced biomechanical and osseointegration performance: A finite element and machine learning approach.","authors":"Minku, Rajesh Ghosh","doi":"10.1177/09544119261439570","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119261439570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The leading cause of revision surgeries in ankle arthroplasty is aseptic loosening of the tibial implant, resulting from adverse bone remodelling and insufficient osseointegration. Aseptic loosening depends on multiple factors, such as the design of the implant, the porous surface of the implant, the quality of bone, implant positioning, wear debris, etc. The extent to which the design of porous architecture and its relationship with aseptic loosening failure mechanisms remains unexplored. The study aims to identify the lattice design of porous rhombic dodecahedron architecture of tibial implants that would be able to maximise bone formation and reduce stress shielding using macro-micro finite element (FE) analysis with machine learning (ML) approach. The study entails the macro-microscale FE modelling of four porous rhombic dodecahedron tibial implants (PRDTI), referred as PRDTI50, PRDTI60, PRDTI70, and PRDTI80. Based on macro-micro-FE determined dataset, four artificial neural network (ANN)-based ML algorithms were trained and validated for faster prediction of bone ingrowth. Results evidenced that von Mises stress in the tibia exhibited elevated stresses for PRDTI80 and PRDTI70 implants compared to PRDTI60, PRDTI50, and solid implant. Bone ingrowth results indicated that the PRDTI70 implant exhibited higher amounts of bone formation. The study proposes the PRDTI70 implant is a viable option for designing tibial implants to simultaneously reduce stress shielding and maximises bone ingrowth. This preclinical analysis sheds light on the role of porous structure design in bone formation for the development of porous tibial prostheses for TAR to prevent revision instances.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"481-497"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147699573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the effects of smartphone-related dual tasks on dynamic stability and biomechanical indices during backpack-carrying walking.","authors":"Mengchen Ji, Dong Sun, Yufei Li, Zhiyi Zheng, Yang Song, Wenlong Li, Chengyuan Zhu, Yufan Xu, Xuanzhen Cen, Monèm Jemni, Yaodong Gu","doi":"10.1177/09544119261433152","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119261433152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explores the combined effects of backpack loading and smartphone dual tasking on gait dynamic stability. Unlike previous separate investigations, it systematically examines their individual and interactive influences on postural stability. An experimental protocol simulated smartphone use during backpack-loaded walking. Kinematic and kinetic data from 15 female university students were collected via 3D motion capture and analyzed using inverse dynamics. An innovative computational method assessed margin of stability (MOS), investigating biomechanical mechanisms of postural instability. Smartphone tasks disrupt pelvic, lumbar, and lower limb kinetics/kinematics, reducing walking speed and increasing instability risk. Backpack loading altered knee range of motion and ankle/metatarsophalangeal moments, with 15% body weight (BW) loads showing significant destabilizing effects. Instability correlated strongly with hip, lumbar, and metatarsophalangeal parameters. Combined tasks exacerbated effects, including reduced gait velocity and the kinematic parameters and degrees of freedom variations. Both backpack loading and mobile phone dual tasking significantly altered movement characteristics, force exertion patterns, and gait stability during walking in the pelvis, hip joints, and lumbar spine, with demonstrable interaction effects between these factors. Across the pelvis, hip joints, lumbar spine, and lower extremity joints, adaptations in joint range of motion and peak moments generated distinct mechanical adjustments to compensate for attentional distraction and center-of-mass deviation induced by these combined variables.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"451-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147575155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finite element framework for investigating the mechanical response of podiatric insole: A pilot study.","authors":"Yoko Vaissaud, Nicolas Clercx, Faustine Schumacher, Pierre-Olivier Tits, Pierre D'Ans, Yves Busegnies","doi":"10.1177/09544119261434625","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119261434625","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In podiatry, polymeric orthopedic insoles are widespread, to optimize athletic performances or for diabetic care. Despite computer-aided design development, the choice of materials, their distribution in the sole and their thickness is empirical. The research question of this study is to determine the relationship between the properties of the materials of a sole, the stacking of these materials, and the overall mechanical response of the sole. Cohort studies are inefficient to solve this complex problem, due to numerous parameters, nor to elucidate the effort transmission through the insoles. In this study, finite element simulations are used for the prediction of the pressure distribution at the interface between the foot and the insole for a range of commercial podiatric insole materials with Shore hardness between 18 and 60 (3 ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, Poron© polyurethane and an elastomer). After measuring the mechanical properties of these materials, the simulated pressure distribution under various insoles was compared to measured pressure distribution. For 15 configurations, simulated pressure agrees with measured pressure for 84% of the sensors. In addition to validating the finite element methodology for podiatric insoles, the hyper foam law parameters determined for each material in this study can be used to predict the mechanical reaction of insole - foot systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"439-450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}