Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of the effects of different artificial discs on hybrid surgery: A finite element analysis.","authors":"Wei Jiang, Fulin Zhao, Waseem Ur Rahman, Tianxiang Dong, Guanghui Yang","doi":"10.1177/09544119231215721","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231215721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, artificial cervical discs have been used in intervertebral disc replacement surgery and hybrid surgery (HS). The advantages and disadvantages of different artificial cervical discs in artificial cervical disc replacement surgery have been compared. However, few scholars have studied the biomechanical effects of various artificial disc prostheses on the human cervical spine in HS which include the Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion (ACDF) and Cervical Disc Arthroplasty (CDA). This study compared the biomechanical behavior of Mobi-C and Prestige LP in the operative and adjacent segments during two-level hybrid surgery. A three-dimensional finite element model of C2-C7 was first established and validated. Subsequently, clinical surgery was then simulated to establish a surgical model of anterior cervical fusion at the C4-C5 level. Mobi-C and Prestige-LP artificial disc prostheses were implanted at the C5-C6 level to create two hybrid models. All finite element models were fixed on the lower endplate of the C7 vertebra and subjected to a load of 73.6 N and different directions of 1 Nm torque on the odontoid process of the C2 vertebra to simulate human flexion, extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation. This paper compares the ROM, intervertebral pressure, and facet joint force after hybrid surgery with the intact model. The results show that compared with Prestige LP, Mobi-C can improve ROM of the replacement segment and compensate for the intervertebral pressure of the adjacent segment more effectively, but the facet joint pressure of the replacement segment may be higher.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running-in behavior of dual-mobility cup during the gait cycle: A finite element analysis.","authors":"Taufiq Hidayat, Rifky Ismail, Mohammad Tauviqirrahman, Eko Saputra, Muhammad Imam Ammarullah, M Danny Pratama Lamura, Athanasius Priharyoto Bayuseno, Jamari","doi":"10.1177/09544119231216023","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231216023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The running-in process is considered an essential aspect of the comprehensive wear process. The phenomenon of running-in occurs during the initial stages of wear in the prosthetic hip joint. Within the field of tribology, the running-in phenomenon of the hip joint pertains to the mechanism by which the contact surfaces of the artificial hip joint components are adjusted and a suitable lubricating film is formed. During the process of hip joint running-in, there is an interaction between the metal surface of the ball and the joint cup, which results in adjustments being made until a steady state is achieved. The achievement of desirable wear existence and reliable performance of artificial hip joint components are reliant upon the tribological running-in of the hip joint. Despite the establishment of current modeling approaches, there remains a significant lack of understanding concerning running-in wear, particularly the metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) articulations in dual-mobility cups (DMC). An essential aspect to consider is the running-in phase of the dual mobility component. The present study employed finite element analysis to investigate the running-in behavior of dual mobility cups, wherein femoral head components were matched with polyethylene liners of varying thicknesses. The analysis of the running-in phase was conducted during the normal gait cycle. The results of this investigation may be utilized to design a dual-mobility prosthetic hip joint that exhibits minimal running-in wear.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of femur positioning on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measures and statistical shape and appearance modeling (SSAM) fracture risk assessments.","authors":"Ali Ammar, Fatemeh Jazinizadeh, Jonathan D Adachi, Cheryl E Quenneville","doi":"10.1177/09544119231214651","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231214651","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diagnosis of osteoporosis using Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) relies on accurate hip scans, whereby variability in measurements may be introduced by altered patient positioning, as could occur with repeated scans over time. The goal herein was to test how altered postures affect diagnostic metrics (i.e., standard clinical metrics and a newer image processing tool) for femur positioning. A device was built to support cadaveric femurs and adjust their orientation in 3° increments in flexion and internal/external rotation. Seven isolated femurs were scanned in six flexion postures (0° (neutral) to 15° of flexion) and eleven rotational postures (15° external to 15° internal rotation) while collecting standard clinical DXA-based measures for each scan. The fracture risk tool was applied to each scan to calculate fracture risk. Two separate one-way repeated measures ANOVAs (α = 0.05) were performed on the DXA-based measures and fracture risk prediction output. Flexion had a significant effect on T-score, Bone Mineral Density (BMD), and Bone Mineral Content (BMC), but not area, at angles greater than 12°. Internal and external rotation did not have a significant effect on any clinical metric. Fracture risk (as assessed by the image processing tool) was not affected by either rotation mode. Overall, this suggests clinicians can adjust patient posture to accommodate discomfort if deviations are less than 12 degrees, and the greatest care should be taken in flexion. Furthermore, the tool is relatively insensitive to postural adjustments, and as such may be a good option for tracking risk over repeated patient scans.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10799542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138805994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrogastrography in patients with gastric motility disorders.","authors":"Abdullah Al Kafee, Yusuf Kayar","doi":"10.1177/09544119231212269","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231212269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electrogastrography (EGG) is a novel diagnostic modality for assessing the gastrointestinal tract (GI) that generates spontaneous electrical activity and monitors gastric motility. The aim of this study was to compare patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) and diabetic gastroparesis (D-GP) with healthy controls (CT) to use established findings on abnormalities of gastric motility based on EGG characteristics. In this study, 50 patients with FD, 50 D-GP patients, and 50 CT subjects were studied to compare EGG with discrete wavelet transform models (DWT) to extract signal characteristics using a variety of different qualitative and quantitative metrics from pre-prandial and postprandial states. As a result, higher statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05*) were found in the DWT models based on power spectral density (PSD) analysis in both states. We also present that the correlations between EGG metrics and the presence of FD, D-GP, and CT symptoms were inconsistent. This paper represents that EGG assessments of FD and D-GP patients differ from healthy controls in terms of abnormalities of gastric motility. Additionally, we demonstrate that diverse datasets showed adequate gastric motility responses to a meal. We anticipate that our method will provide a comprehensive understanding of gastric motility disorders for better treatment and monitoring in both clinical and research settings. In conclusion, we present potential future opportunities for precise gastrointestinal electrophysiological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138047819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical properties and tissue damage caused by staples in gastrointestinal anastomosis.","authors":"Xuan Dai, Junjie Zheng, Xiaoli Yu, Zhihua Liu, Lijuan Zheng, Zhihua Chen, Chengyong Wang","doi":"10.1177/09544119231216283","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231216283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal surgery using a stapler is usually associated with tissue damage, anastomosis leakage, bleeding, and other complications, which is one of the effective methods for treating digestive tract cancer. The cutting properties of staples and the tissue damage occurring in the process of stapling porcine esophageal and gastric tissues have been evaluated and a new type of stapler has been designed. Since different structural and mechanical properties esophageal and gastric tissues layers, the puncturing force exhibits a fluctuating trend. Compressive stress caused by the bending of the staple legs can lead to the destruction of the vascular network inside the tissue, tissue deforms and tears. Finally, a staple with an internal incision arc (IIA) tip is designed, which meeting the performance requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139058615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and hemodynamic studies in optical coherence tomography angiography for diabetic retinopathy evaluation: A review.","authors":"K Pradeep, Vijay Jeyakumar, Muna Bhende, Areeba Shakeel, Shriraam Mahadevan","doi":"10.1177/09544119231213443","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231213443","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a rapidly emerging retinal abnormality worldwide, which can cause significant vision loss by disrupting the vascular structure in the retina. Recently, optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has emerged as an effective imaging tool for diagnosing and monitoring DR. OCTA produces high-quality 3-dimensional images and provides deeper visualization of retinal vessel capillaries and plexuses. The clinical relevance of OCTA in detecting, classifying, and planning therapeutic procedures for DR patients has been highlighted in various studies. Quantitative indicators obtained from OCTA, such as blood vessel segmentation of the retina, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) extraction, retinal blood vessel density, blood velocity, flow rate, capillary vessel pressure, and retinal oxygen extraction, have been identified as crucial hemodynamic features for screening DR using computer-aided systems in artificial intelligence (AI). AI has the potential to assist physicians and ophthalmologists in developing new treatment options. In this review, we explore how OCTA has impacted the future of DR screening and early diagnosis. It also focuses on how analysis methods have evolved over time in clinical trials. The future of OCTA imaging and its continued use in AI-assisted analysis is promising and will undoubtedly enhance the clinical management of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138478404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wearable system to assist impaired-neck patients: Design and evaluation.","authors":"Ali Ghasemi, Majid Sadedel, Majid Mohammadi Moghaddam","doi":"10.1177/09544119231211362","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231211362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with neurological disorders, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and cerebral palsy, often face challenges due to head-neck immobility. The conventional treatment approach involves using a neck collar to maintain an upright head position, but this can be cumbersome and restricts head-neck movements over prolonged periods. This study introduces a wearable robot capable of providing three anatomical head motions for training and assistance. The primary contributions of this research include the design of an optimized structure and the incorporation of human-robot interaction. Based on human head motion data, our primary focus centered on developing a robot capable of accommodating a significant range of neutral head movements. To ensure safety, impedance control was employed to facilitate human-robot interaction. A human study was conducted involving 10 healthy subjects who participated in an experiment to assess the robot's assistance capabilities. Passive and active modes were used to evaluate the robot's effectiveness, taking into account head-neck movement error and muscle activity levels. Surface electromyography signals (sEMG) were collected from the splenius capitis muscles during the experiment. The results demonstrated that the robot covered nearly 85% of the overall range of head rotations. Importantly, using the robot during rehabilitation led to reduced muscle activation, highlighting its potential for assisting individuals with post-stroke movement impairments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on damage of the macrostructure of the cochlea under the impact load.","authors":"Jiakun Wang, Junyi Liang, Lei Gao, Wenjuan Yao","doi":"10.1177/09544119231209187","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231209187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the tiny and delicate structure of the cochlea, the auditory system is the most sensitive to explosion impact damage. After being damaged by the explosion impact wave, it usually causes long-term deafness, tinnitus, and other symptoms. To better understand the influence of impact load on the cochlea and basilar membrane (BM), a three-dimensional (3D) fluid-solid coupling finite element model was developed. This model accurately reflects the actual spatial spiral shape of the human cochlea, as well as the lymph environment and biological materials. Based on verifying the reliability of the model, the curve of impact load-amplitude response was obtained, and damage of impact load on the cochlea and the key macrostructure-BM was analyzed. The results indicate that impact wave at middle frequency has widest influence on the cochlea. Furthermore, impact loading causes tears in the BM and destroys the cochlear frequency selectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89719330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel bone cement based on calcium phosphate composited CNT curcumin with improved strength and antitumor properties.","authors":"Wei Zhao, Huiming Zhang, Jigang Ma, Yanjie Li, Zheng Liu, Shujing Zhou, Ying Wang, Jie Zhang","doi":"10.1177/09544119231207614","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231207614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, carboxylated carbon nanotube (CNT)-loaded curcumin (CUR) was blended into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) owing to the poor mechanical properties and single function of CPC as a bone-filling material, and CNT-CUR-CPC with improved strength and antitumor properties was obtained. The failure strength, hydrophilicity, in vitro bioactivity, bacteriostatic activity, antitumor activity, and cell safety of CNT-CUR-CPC were evaluated. The experimental results indicated that the failure strength of CNT-CUR-CPC increased from 25.05 to 45.05 MPa (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and its contact angle decreased from 20.37° to 15.27° (<i>p</i> < 0.001) after the CNT-CUR complex was added into CPC at the rate of 5 wt% and blended. Following soaking in simulated body fluid (m-SBF), the main components of CNT-CUR-CPC were hydroxyapatite (HA) and carbonate hydroxyapatite (HCA). The incorporation of CNT-CUR was beneficial for the deposition of PO₄^3- and CO₃^2-, and it promoted the crystallization of HA and HCA. For CNT-CUR-CPC, the inhibition zone diameter on <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was 10.2 ± 1.02 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and it exhibited moderate sensitivity, whereas the inhibition zone diameter on <i>Escherichia coli</i> was 8.3 ± 0.23 mm (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and it exhibited low sensitivity. When compared with the CPC, the cell proliferation rate (RGR %) of the CNT-CUR-CPC decreased by 7.73% (<i>p</i> > 0.05) at 24 h, 17.89% (<i>p</i> < 0.05) at 48 h, and 24.43% (<i>p</i> < 0.001) at 72 h when MG63 cells were cultured on it. In particular, after the MG63 cells were cultured with the CNT-CUR-CPC for 48 h, the number of newly proliferating MG63 cells was significantly reduced, and their growth and adhesion on the surface of the CNT-CUR-CPC were inhibited when compared with the CPC. When 3T3-E1 cells were exposed to the m-SBF immersion solution of CNT-CUR-CPC, the cell proliferation rate (RGR %) was ≥80% (<i>p</i> > 0.05) and the cytotoxicity grade was 0-1. The 3T3-E1 cells were cultured with the m-SBF soaking solution of CNT-CUR-CPC for 24 h, and no significant changes in cell morphology or cytotoxicity were observed. After the 3T3-E1 cells were cultured on CNT-CUR-CPC for 48 h, they could stick to and grow on its surface without adverse reactions. CNT-CUR-CPC had a hemolysis rate of 4.3% (<i>p</i> > 0.05) and did not result in hemolysis and hemagglutination. The obtained CNT-CUR-CPC scaffold material exhibited effective antibacterial activity and cell safety, and could achieve a certain antitumor effect, which has a wide application potential in bone tissue engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138462235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective optimization of cortical bone grinding parameters based on particle swarm optimization.","authors":"Qingchun Zheng, Yuying Zhu, Zhenhao Fan, Daohan Wang, Chunqiu Zhang, Shuhong Liu, Yahui Hu, Weihua Fu","doi":"10.1177/09544119231206455","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119231206455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grinding is a fundamental operation in craniotomy. Suitable grinding parameters will not only reduce force damage, but also ensure grinding efficiency. In this study, the regression equations of material removal rate and grinding force were obtained based on the theory of cortical bone grinding and full factorial test results, a multi-objective optimization based on the particle swarm algorithm was proposed for optimizing the grinding parameters: spindle speed, feed speed, and grinding depth in the grinding process. Two conflicting objectives, minimum grinding force and maximum material removal rate, were optimized simultaneously. The results revealed that the optimal grinding parameter combination and optimization results were as follows: spindle speed of 5000 rpm, feed rate of 60 mm/min, grinding depth of 0.6 mm, grinding force of 15.1 N, and material removal rate of 113.8 mm³/min. The parameter optimization result can provide theoretical guidance for selecting cortical bone grinding parameters in actual craniotomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71426273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}