{"title":"Effects of custom-made insole on the mechanical response characteristics of the foot during static standing and walking.","authors":"Chenyan Wang, Weijin Du, Zhiqiang Li, Weiyi Chen","doi":"10.1177/09544119251328060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544119251328060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Custom-made insoles are designed to redistribute foot load and prevent potential pain. Common methods to investigate the effectiveness of insoles include finite element method and experimental approach. However, most finite element research has focused on the two-dimensional plantar fascia stresses during static standing with insoles, rather than those of three-dimensional plantar fascia. Furthermore, the effects of insole with design parameters (metatarsal pad, toe pad, and arch support) on dynamic plantar pressures still need further exploration. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the impact of custom-made insoles on foot biomechanics by combining both methods. Finite element method was employed to evaluate stress on the plantar fascia and bony structures when static standing, both barefoot and with a custom-made insole. Furthermore, 10 participants were recruited to investigate dynamic plantar pressures during walking barefoot and with insole. The relative time of four subphases during stance phase, total contact time, peak plantar pressure (Peak P), and pressure time integral (PTI) were assessed. Finite element results revealed reduced plantar fascia stresses and more uniform stress distribution over metatarsals and phalanges when standing with insole. Additionally, Peak P and PTI values in the second and third metatarsals were significantly lower when walking with insole. With the presence of insole, Peak P and PTI values in medial regions were significantly reduced, except for the midfoot region. In conclusion, custom-made insole with the addition of a metatarsal pad, toe pad, and arch support can effectively distribute foot tissue stress evenly, alleviate plantar pressure, and thus prevent pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":"239 4","pages":"360-369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Javier Solis-Oviedo, Francisco Javier Pérez Jiménez, Jonathan Acuña Campos, César Iván Nájera Ríos, Miguel Ángel Bañuelos Saucedo, Fernando Pérez-Escamirosa
{"title":"A 3D-printed hybrid portable simulator for skills training in arthroscopic knee surgery.","authors":"Carlos Javier Solis-Oviedo, Francisco Javier Pérez Jiménez, Jonathan Acuña Campos, César Iván Nájera Ríos, Miguel Ángel Bañuelos Saucedo, Fernando Pérez-Escamirosa","doi":"10.1177/09544119251328414","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119251328414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arthroscopic surgery has become the first option for the treatment of joint injuries. However, training outside the operating room is limited by the lack of portability and high cost of high-fidelity simulators. The aim of this study is to present the ArthSim hybrid simulator, a low-cost portable device for the training of psychomotor skills of orthopaedic surgeons in arthroscopic knee surgery. The ArthSim simulator consists of a physical model of the knee with an integrated motion tracking system with a virtual reality application that captures and replicates the movements of the knee joint and the two arthroscopic instruments inside the virtual model, in a mixed reality approach to arthroscopy training. The functionality of ArthSim's technology was evaluated in two experiments: static and dynamic. The interaction of the physical knee joint and the arthroscopic instruments within the virtual model was evaluated by eight orthopaedic surgeons, who recreated the common positions of the knee, arthroscope, and instruments during the exploration of the internal structures. The results indicated a surgical total workspace of 80 mm<sup>3</sup> with a range of motion of 115° for flexion, 23° for abduction, and 33° for rotation in the knee joint. The measurements showed linearity and repeatability with errors below, for motion capture. Feedback provided by orthopaedic surgeons on ArthSim was used to identify the device's points of improvement. The ArthSim simulator provides an effective alternative for arthroscopic training in a hybrid simulation approach, offering natural haptics to enhance the surgical experience of orthopaedic surgeons.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"398-410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143754312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cangül Keskin, Ali Keleş, Burcu Pirimoğlu, Defne Toplu
{"title":"Endoscope-assisted retrieval of separated instruments: An ex vivo comparative study of Masserann, microsonic, and loop techniques.","authors":"Cangül Keskin, Ali Keleş, Burcu Pirimoğlu, Defne Toplu","doi":"10.1177/09544119251331711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544119251331711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Instrument separation during root canal treatment can hinder effective cleaning and shaping, making reliable retrieval techniques essential. Endoscopic visualization might aid in instrument removal procedures offering direct magnification of root canal anatomy. This ex vivo study evaluated the success rate and procedure time of three instrument retrieval techniques - Masserann, microsonic, and loop techniques - under the visualization of dental operation microscope (DOM) assisted by an endoscope. Sixty extracted human mandibular single-rooted teeth with simulated fractures were assigned to the Masserann, microsonic, or ultrasonic with loop techniques (<i>n</i> = 20/group), each performed under endoscopic visualization alongside DOM. The success rate of instrument removal and procedure time were recorded. Complications, such as root perforation, apical extrusion and secondary fracture, were recorded. Statistical analysis was conducted using Pearson χ<sup>2</sup> and Kruskal-Wallis tests with 5% significance threshold. Success rates for the microsonic, Masserann, and ultrasonic with loop techniques were 80%, 70%, and 80%, respectively (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The average procedure times were 13.02 min for the microsonic technique, 17.25 min for the Masserann technique, and 17 min for the ultrasonic with loop technique (<i>p</i> > 0.05). The Masserann technique demonstrated a higher complication rate, with two cases each of perforation and apical extrusion, whereas no secondary fractures occurred in any group. Conclusively, the microsonic technique showed the highest success rate with the shortest retrieval time, indicating its efficiency and suitability for instrument removal from root canals, particularly when combined with enhanced visualization through endoscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":"239 4","pages":"381-387"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of electrode-tissue contact using multifrequency impedance analysis and Cole-Cole model fitting.","authors":"Mengying Zhan, Haitao Yao, Qijun Xie, Yingxi Wang, Yu Zhou","doi":"10.1177/09544119251330742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544119251330742","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common cardiac arrhythmia, and ablation is the primary treatment for patients with drug intolerance. The success of AF ablation depends on the adhesion of the catheter to the tissue. Existing electrical coupling index (ECI) and electrode-interface resistance (IR) methods based on impedance measurement to evaluate the adhesion between catheters and tissues do not explore the internal changes of the tissue during the compression process. This study introduces a new method to understand these internal changes using multi-frequency impedance combined with Cole-Cole model fitting, which is critical for accurate characterization of the contact between catheter and tissue. We used four-electrodes impedance measurement, using customized circuits and compression platform, applying 5-400 g (3.6-228.2 Pa) pressure to the bullfrog thighs to collect impedance data at frequencies of 500-100 kHz. The Cole-Cole model was then used for data fitting and analysis. The customized circuit accurately detects impedance up to 2 kΩ with less than 5% amplitude error, less than 15% phase error, and less than 6% error in model component values. Correlation analysis showed a significant linear relationship between extracellular fluid resistance and applied pressure (Pearson <i>R</i> ≈ 0.9, <i>p</i> < 0.05), indicating that extracellular fluid resistance increases with compression. This suggests that there is a significant linear positive correlation between the extracellular fluid resistance and the applied pressure, meaning that as the pressure increases, the extracellular fluid resistance correspondingly rises. This may provide a new perspective for studying the degree of catheter-tissue contact during atrial fibrillation ablation procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":"239 4","pages":"370-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144041877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advanced prediction method of biological tissue mechanical response based on hybrid prediction model.","authors":"Jing Yang, Changwei Shi, Lihua Yao, Yixun Fang, Yiming Huang","doi":"10.1177/09544119251327646","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119251327646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The mechanical response of biological tissue is an important basis for evaluating its state during the surgical operation. Accurate prediction of mechanical response is helpful to improve the precision of surgical operation. In this paper, An advanced prediction method based on hybrid prediction model is proposed and used to predict the mechanical response of soft tissue. Firstly, the simulation model of soft tissue indentation experiment was established to obtain the mechanical response under continuous loading condition. The mechanical response of kindy tissue under discontinuous loading was obtained by the actual indentation experiment. Secondly, the mechanical response is predicted and the influence of loading parameters on the prediction accuracy is analyzed. The mechanical response under continuous loading was obtained by simulation, and the mechanical response under non-continuous loading was obtained by indentation experiment. The proposed advanced prediction method is verified by the obtained mechanical responses. The results show that the proposed method can predict the mechanical response of soft tissue well. The proposed prediction algorithm is helpful to predict the mechanical response in advance and avoid the potential tissue damage caused by surgical operation.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"286-293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deep learning and robotics enabled approach for audio based emotional pragmatics deficits identification in social communication disorders.","authors":"Muskan Chawla, Surya Narayan Panda, Vikas Khullar","doi":"10.1177/09544119251325331","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119251325331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study is to develop Deep Learning (DL) enabled robotic systems to identify audio-based emotional pragmatics deficits in individuals with social pragmatic communication deficits. The novelty of the work stems from its integration of deep learning with a robotics platform for identifying emotional pragmatics deficits. In this study, the proposed methodology utilizes the implementation of machine and DL-based classification techniques, which have been applied to a collection of open-source datasets to identify audio emotions. The application of pre-processing and converting audio signals of different emotions utilizing Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) resulted in improved emotion classification. The data generated using MFCC were used for the training of machine or DL models. The trained models were then tested on a randomly selected dataset. DL has been proven to be more effective in the identification of emotions using robotic structure. As the data generated by MFCC is of a single dimension, therefore, one-dimensional DL algorithms, such as 1D-Convolution Neural Network, Long Short-Term Memory, and Bidirectional-Long Short-Term Memory, were utilized. In comparison to other algorithms, bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory model has resulted in higher accuracy (96.24%), loss (0.2524 in value), precision (92.87%), and recall (92.87%) in comparison to other machine and DL algorithms. Further, the proposed model was deployed on the robotic structure for real-time detection for improvement of social-emotional pragmatic responses in individuals with deficits. The approach can serve as a potential tool for the individuals with pragmatic communication deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"332-346"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Role of 3D printing in healthcare: A comprehensive review on treatment and training.","authors":"Maruf Nizam, Rajesh Purohit, Mohammad Taufik","doi":"10.1177/09544119251321585","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119251321585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Additive manufacturing (AM) is revolutionizing healthcare by enabling the creation of customized 3D printed (3DP) medical equipment, implants, orthoses, prosthetics, drugs, and organs. With the availability of different types of materials suitable for 3DP and healthcare applications, this technology allows for the precise fabrication of patient-oriented prosthetics, dental implants, and orthopedic devices, significantly improving fit and functionality. Additionally, 3DP drugs, such as Oral Dispersible Formulations (ODFs) and polypills, are surpassing the traditional \"one pill fits all\" concept, offering more tailored medication solutions. This innovation also supports the development of personalized medications and bioprinted tissues, opening the way for advancements in regenerative medications and tailored therapies. 3D-bioprinted organs are addressing the growing demand for organ transplants. In surgical planning, 3D-printed anatomical models provide students and professionals with hands-on practice, which is crucial for skill development and understanding complex anatomies. Surgeons can also practice and refine techniques before actual procedures, enhancing precision and improving outcomes during real operations. This paper focus on highlighting the progression and motivations behind the cross-disciplinary applications of AM within the healthcare sector providing customized medical devices, drug delivery systems and diagnostic tools for personalized treatment and skill refinement. This paper is designed for a broad audience, including manufacturing professionals and researchers, who are interested in exploring the medical implications of this transformative technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"239-265"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisca Vaz, Telma Silva, Elisabete Silva, Marco Parente, Sofia Brandão, António Augusto Fernandes
{"title":"Biodegradable mesh implants for prolapse repair: Advances in computational modelling and experimental validation.","authors":"Francisca Vaz, Telma Silva, Elisabete Silva, Marco Parente, Sofia Brandão, António Augusto Fernandes","doi":"10.1177/09544119251323336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544119251323336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) limits people's quality of life and is quite common in women, especially with advancing age. As cases increase, there is an urgent need for alternative treatments, especially for severe POP, where options remain limited. Surgical procedures involving synthetic meshes are associated with several complications, leading to the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) banning the commercialisation of these meshes to treat cases of transvaginal prolapse. Biodegradable meshes offer a potential solution to address the drawbacks associated with synthetic meshes, offering improved biocompatibility and biomechanical properties.This study developed computational models with variations in pore geometry, pore size, filament thickness and the inclusion of filaments in specific regions of the mesh. One of the meshes was then 3D printed to validate the simulation results. Subsequently, a uniaxial tensile test was performed on sow vaginal tissue to compare its mechanical behaviour with the simulations and identify meshes that closely mimic vaginal tissue behaviour. The mesh that most closely replicates vaginal tissue behaviour featured a smaller pore diameter (1.50 mm), filaments placed in specific areas, and variable filament thickness across the mesh. However, when compared to the uterosacral ligament, the meshes did not exhibit similar mechanical properties. Additionally, the commercially available mesh failed to replicate the behaviour of both vaginal tissue and the uterosacral ligament, suggesting it may not be the optimal option for POP repair. Biodegradable meshes, with their customisable properties, show great promise as future solutions for personalised and safer surgical treatment of POP.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":"239 3","pages":"294-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143977741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Krishnakumar Sankar, Mohammed Aasim Subairdeen, Navaneetha Krishnan Muthukrishnan
{"title":"Technological interventions for the suppression of hand tremors: A literature review.","authors":"Krishnakumar Sankar, Mohammed Aasim Subairdeen, Navaneetha Krishnan Muthukrishnan","doi":"10.1177/09544119251325115","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119251325115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A tremor is a neurological disorder that results in trembling or shaking in one or more body parts. A thorough literature review was conducted to investigate the methods for suppressing tremors. We looked for articles published between 1995 and 2024 in the databases CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane. Two thousand two hundred fifty distinct items were discovered after an extensive search. Based only on the title, 250 were included. Two hundred papers were deemed ineligible after the abstracts were assessed. The remaining 26 articles were shortlisted after screening titles and abstracts and categorized based on treatment methods for hand tremors. According to the study's findings, deep brain stimulation (DBS) and electrical stimulation both reduced tremors considerably. It was also evident that attenuation systems and passive devices lessen the effects of tremors; target tracking tasks can lessen physiological tremors in postural posture; ET may have better hand functions after cold water treatment than warm water or at baseline; and targeted ultrasound thalamotomy is an effective treatment for ET, as it improved quality of life (QoL) significantly. Additionally, the design, development, and evaluation of wearable devices and pharmaceutical interventions for tremor suppression were investigated in detail. The main objective was to perform a comparative analysis of the merits and demerits of both treatment methodologies in terms of functional outcomes, users' comfort, and side effects. The review highlights wearable devices as a beneficial option for tremor suppression, offering comfort, safety, and advanced technology over pharmaceutical intervention methodologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"266-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143634395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tao Feng, Hao Tang, Xiaogang Zhang, Yali Zhang, Yixin Zhou, Zhongmin Jin
{"title":"A novel preoperative prosthetic position planning algorithm for total hip arthroplasty based on the no-impingement principle: A case study.","authors":"Tao Feng, Hao Tang, Xiaogang Zhang, Yali Zhang, Yixin Zhou, Zhongmin Jin","doi":"10.1177/09544119251319960","DOIUrl":"10.1177/09544119251319960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Most preoperative planning calculations of impingement-free range of motion (IFROM) and impingement-free safe zone (IFSZ) rarely consider non-standard shaped prostheses and bony impingement (BI) for total hip arthroplasty (THA). This research developed a novel algorithm that considers BI, prosthetic impingement, pelvic tilt angle (<i>PT</i>) in the sagittal plane, and non-standard-shaped hip prostheses. This research aimed to investigate the effect of BI and <i>PT</i> on hip IFROM, IFSZ, and the BI rate. Using this algorithm to calculate a case, we found that when considering BI, (1) the upper limit of the hip IFROM was decreased, and the different <i>PT</i> affected the upper limit of the hip IFROM of various movements; (2) the BI rate of the flat-rim liner in standing and sitting postures were 54.6% and 67%; and (3) the maximum IFSZ size of the flat-rim liner was reduced by 12%, the reduction rate of the combined pelvic position with a non-zero IFSZ size was 83.2% for the flat-rim liner. Consideration of BI further reduces the IFROM, the IFSZ size, and the number of the combined position of the pelvis with a non-zero IFSZ size of the hip joint. Importantly, this algorithm provides a reliable tool for personalized prosthesis positioning for THA. This algorithm has excellent applications in personalized surgical planning and surgical robotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20666,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"321-331"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}